I'm playing Ghost of Tsushima right now and I'm quite enjoying it. What sort of history related questions do you guys want me to answer for next week's video?
In GoT the Khan stated that he spent his time in preparation learning. “I learned..” and if you read the in game mongol artifacts, you can read about a monk who had an audience with the Khan drinking wines and discussing life. They even said the Khan spoke and possessed knowledge of their culture as if he had lived there for decades. I have read before that on one of Kublai’s envoys return trip from Japan, they captured two Japanese sailors and brought them back to Mongolia. It was then that he wined and dined two peasant Japanese sailors showing them his riches, his foods, his luxury, his generosity, etc as well as listed to them about their homeland. Are you familiar with this information and can you expand on it? Thank you. Great video!
Khotun Khan, the main antagonist of GoT is a fictional Character. He did not exist. I have read about this, but there aren't any documents about their visit. I don't think that they'd have left any written record, since they're probably illiterate. It's unlikely that the Japanese court would preserve records of enemy propaganda either.
Would love to see a video on the Great Heathen Army that invades the British isles. Maybe if you decide to play AC: Valhalla when it comes out! Keep up the great work!
The last dynasty of China, Qing dynasty. There will be a lot of stories to tell: unification of Manchu tribes, conquest of Mongols, conquest of Korea, conquest of Ming dynasty, war with russians, Qing-Jungar war, annexation of Xinjiang, war with west, decline of the dynasty, etc etc.
They knew that. Gempei War started and ended up with the Minamoto Shoguns for very much similar reasons. But the thing is, by the time of the Mongol invasions, the treasury was empty. Or more accurately, the administration was badly enough out of phase it couldn't rise the funds needed for the defense build-up and properly rewarding the warriors anymore. Praying happened because it was the only option left available that fitted the Shogunate's available budget for this. And paying the shrines first was very likely as much gratitude for divine intervention than yet another stalling measure to avoid admitting out loud there was no money or lands left for proper rewards. And since they didn't managed to fix the system before it was too late for them...
Xerxes chained hundreds of ships together to connect two coasts and form a great pontoon bridge for his armies to reach Greece... and this was destroyed by a storm. He rebuilt the bridge because hey, he had another 300 ships, marched his army across. When it came time to retreat, the bridge had been destroyed by storms yet again. All great kings and emperors should know: if you invade a smaller country and chain your boats together, expect storms.
50 years later: Milord! A black day, Shikken, for our finances have plummeted! And the emperor connives with substantial dissenting elements among the peasantry, warrior clergies, and the elites!
I also think that the boats/ships used from the Chinese, were actually not very SEA-worthy, as they were really designed for rivers not ocean travel. A boat/ship made for ocean travel is very different than one made for rivers and other non-ocean travels. I also think that they chinese were also sabotaging the mongol efforts.
Mongol General: “hey, bro how do i tell that group of soldiers to flank the enemy?” Translator:”我不知道。我不會說韓語” Mongol general: “Ай?“ Mongol invasion of japan
I read in a book about the Mongol Empire by John Man the southern force in the second invasion had a lot of river boats not meant for ocean travel and couldn't modify them because Kublai was getting older and wanted the conquest. He said they tried using trebuchets on the ships to hit the Japanese boats but because they are trebuchets you can't really hit moving targets fast enough. I don't know if he's right but it sounded interesting. He mentioned a samurai named Suenaga who fought in both invasions had mentioned the thunder crash bombs in some kind of memoir. It was also interesting hat a man named Tiger Mozai learned to dive in the 80s when he was an old man and actually found remnants in the water of the battle. I thought that was interesting that wrecks of the battle were down there for so long and that this guy was do dedicated to finding it he learned how to swim and dive at an old age.
I will be starting Ghost soon so - thanks for this. I also just finished watching The Longest Day in Chang'an and would love to get some historical ground on Great Tang period. Loved that series!!
The basis that the typhoon wiped out the Mongolian army is based on the religious book "Hachiman Gudou-kun"(八幡愚童訓). The content of the religion book is "The god Hachiman appeared, fought the Mongolian army, and caused a storm. Faith is important." This content has been cut out and becomes a myth. According to the historical materials "Yuan-shi"(元史) and "Goryeosa" （高麗史） on the Mongolian side, in the 1274 war, the Mongolian army was attacked by the Japanese army and decided to withdraw. It is said that there was a typhoon after that. In the war of 1281, the Mongolian army invaded Japan with 150,000, but due to the attack of the samurai, it could not land for two months and a typhoon came and the Mongolian army was seriously damaged. However, the undamaged army that had spread widely in the sea area remains, and the Mongolian army continues the war with a force of nearly 100,000, but the Mongolian army is destroyed by the Japanese army of 65,000. The Mongolian army that fought with the samurai left behind historical materials for the samurai threat theory, which continued in posterity. From the book "汎海小録" by Wang Yun（王惲）, a scholar of the Yuan Dynasty. "Samurai are equipped with bows, katana, and armor. They don't have spears. Cavalry fight in groups. Armor is elaborate and many are wearing it. The katana is long and sharp. All the soldiers are brave and do not fear death." "About 120,000 soldiers were all killed by advancing Japanese warriors." "Yuan army was defeated. After that, Japan sent a messenger to the Kingdom of Champa in Vietnam and accused him of being a subordinate country without fighting the Yuan dynasty.Champa decided to disobey the Yuan dynasty." From Yuan Dynasty scholar Zheng Si-xiao(鄭思肖)'s book "心史". "Japanese samurai are merciless, samurai are not afraid to die. Even if ten samurai fight against a hundred Mongolian soldiers, they will stand up and fight. Samurai will fight until they die. Katana is extremely sharp." From Wu Lai(呉莱), a scholar of the Yuan dynasty, the book “隣交徴書”. "The Japanese of today are not the same as those of the old war. Their strength is ten times that of the old." From the book "日本一鑑" by the scholar of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng Shungong(鄭舜功). "We only lost the soldiers and were embarrassed," the memory of the invasion was taken critically in later times. Kubirai started preparing for the invasion of Japan again, but those around him admonished Kubirai to stop the invasion of Japan. Kubirai had no choice but to announce the cancellation of the Japan expedition. Chinese university professor Wang Ying points out that the defeat of Mongolia has significantly changed China's view of Japan, forming a ferocious and heroic image of samurai and the threat of Japan. This memory also served as a deterrent to suppress the theory of conquest of Japan by the later dynasties. "Ming History"(明史) Volume 322 says "Hongwu Emperor has stopped thinking of conquering Japan in view of Kubilai's defeat in Japan."
@@moogiibat5845 katana (刀) is a general term for Japanese-style single-edged swords. katana is a word that corresponds to dao (刀) in China and sword in the West. tachi (太刀) is written as thick (太), katana (刀). Although tachi is long and thick, it is a kind of katana that can be used by cavalry because the center of gravity is at hand. Around the 12th century, uchigatana (打刀) was developed. uchigatana is written as strike(打) and gatana(刀). uchigatana is a type of katana made mainly for infantry warfare. It was developed from sasuga (刺刀) written as stab (刺) and katana (刀). This has nothing to do with Mongolia. Since these have different purposes, tachi was used even after uchigatana was created. Japan exported katana, naginata, and sulfur as a raw material for gunpowder during the Song dynasty (960-1279), and katana was very popular. The politician and poet Au Joeng Sau (1007-1072) has released a work called "Japanese katana Song" (日本刀歌). This is a poem praising katana and Japanese technology. The original text of a history book written by a Mongolian scholar says "倭刀極利"(Japanese katana is extremely sharp)," 刀製長極犀 "(Katana is long and extremely sharp). After the war between Japan and Mongolia, katana's reputation increased, so Japan exports katana to Mongolia and the Yuan dynasty. There seems to be a community that wants to spread the false information that katana was invented after the 16th century. "Tachi (太刀)) is not katana (刀). ] Does not hold as a sentence. This is "miao dao (苗刀) is not dao (刀). "Viking Sword is not a sword. It is the same as saying.
@@tn1881 It is interesting that the Chinese, Koreans, and Mongols speak so highly of the Japanese swords. What were their own swords like in comparison? I suppose mostly one handers?
@@klikssiikubra314 One-handed swords were the mainstream for Chinese, Koreans, and Mongolians. The Ming dynasty general Qi Jiguang's martial arts book Jixiao Xinshu and the martial artist Cheng Zhongyou's Dandaofa Xuan state that soldiers using one-handed swords and spears could not beat the Japanese with tachi. They are studying katana and samurai martial arts. Ming dynasty military scholar Mao Yuanyi (1594-1640?) “Japanese katana is very strong and sharp, and cannot be countered by a Chinese sword.” commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E6%AD%A6%E8%97%9D%E5%9C%96%E8%AD%9C%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97_002 .pdf His record is on page 45 of this book. As a result, the Ming dynasty created a miao dao similar to katana.
Well, if it works... Though, really, the thing about being on the sea is, there _will_ be storms. Get onto land if you want to live. The samurai keeping the Mongols from successfully landing is what saved the day. In other words, that's an environmental kill, or a stage fatality, if you will. Which is epic in its own way. Pro gamer move.
The failed Mongol expedition to Java to take over Singhasari would also make a cool topic - we don't get a lot of coverage of this part of the world in history videos!
Imagine if they attacked in the winter in 1281, the driest season of the year in Kyushu. Or late autumn, or early spring. Really any time of the year that isn’t the middle of monsoon season Especially when you consider that the Mongols defeated Russia in 2 winter military campaigns in 1237 and 1240. And compared to Russia, Kyushu winters are mild at worst
Korean govermant told "this period is too dangerous because of typhoon" but mongolian king did attack. after landing Korean generals told "we have to go capital city right now then we can capture japanese king" but mongolian general did nothing on ship. if mongolian general was clever attack could success.
I mean it's not like he wasn't deliberately doing anything. In the first invasion the mongol did have some success going inland but their camp were soon destroyed and have to retreated back to their ships. The second invasion was even worse
Yeah i dunno why people would realistically view that time period in thag way, samurai were still strickly horsemen using a bow, and in tsushima they were very low in number, and the mongols couldn't bring their horses, or at least a very small amount of them. The entire conflict was such a farce on both ends, but the first mongol invasion was when japan realized it needed commoners to start really fighting which gave rise to the "ashigaru"
One story is that part of the Mongol's problem was using hastily converted riverboats that didn't have keels for the open sea. Did you run across that in your research?
Shouting "katsu!" 13th C : Decisive military leader 21st C : Decisively hungry lard bucket looking for deep fried food with unlimited cabbage, also has gout like Kublai
More like a decisive regent statesman in his youngest prime. The military leadership goes to the provincial clans that governs the areas invaded by the Yuan Empire
Your video was for the most part accurate but King Chungnyeol of Goryeo didn't instigate nor requested a Japanese invasion. Chungnyeol was rather focusing on strengthening Goryeo's autonomous status as a vassal and negotiated with the Mongols to have their lands taken away during their war with them returned. But there were no requests made by the Korean king himself for an expedition that would obviously cost Korean lives. It was rather Kublai's one way pressure on the Koreans to have them mobilize a grand fleet.
If you want a proper, good in-depth look into the Mongol Invasions and the subsequent Sengoku Jidai, I'd recommend a look at "The Shogunate" channel who has done a 50+ episode series spanning the precursor to it and the actual war(s).
This is very similar to Seirei Moribito live action where the Talsh Empire invade New Yogo, the Emperor (who was under the delusion that he's a god) only pray for victory (& refuse to ally with other nations to fight. For a holy army can't be seen working with mortals & a god can't be considered equal to moral kings) then a great flood(which was showing signs even before the war, that's why the Yogo crown prince wanted to end the war by allying with the 2 neighbor countries before the flood come, incase the Tallsh take advantage of it) ended the war
In 1274,Korean troops landed on Tsushima and they massacred 2000 inhabitants of Tsushima. In 1281, Korean troops landed on Tsushima again. And they killed 2000 inhabitants too. Mongolian force could not bring horses by ship. No horse Mongolian troops were just like chicken. While Samurai had very sharp Japanese sword as well as razor. This is very important point for the fighting. As in narrow ship, Mongolian troop grasped samurai's sword. Mongolian troops got used to grasp enemy's continental sword like hatchet by leather glove. But Japanese sword was so sharp unfortunately. Their fingers were cut down. Injured Mongolians were like stone. After the end of battle, samurai killed all fallen troops as manners as warrior. in narrow ship, Japanese sword martial arts was useful. Mongolian and Korean troops like to grasp enemy's sword soon.
First 20 seconds I was like: "Oh snap! I clicked on a 'Simple History' video." Then I was like: "Great parody of US American infotainment videos." Subbed your channel. Watched some of your videos and enjoyed every single one. Informative but also presented in an entertaining way.
It just bad luck for Mongols, if only Mongol attack on different side they win. The Strom just happen because of nature. They don't have experience in water battle.
Hey maaan thanks for your last reply , do you think you could or would ever go into more depth on this subject one day? or possibly even the Japanese invasion of Korea :D ??
East asian medieval history is very intresting. I´m really disapointed with the current relations of east asian contries. I really hope it will get much better in the comming years
Maybe the morale/fighting spirit of parts of the Mongol Army wasn't that great because they were made up from CONQUERED people who were FORCED to fight for their former enemy(the Mongols). Especially Song dynasty warriors after Song was defeated by the Mongols might have had very mixed feelings about fighting for the Mongols. It's like Russia forcing Ukraine soldiers to fight on their side, the result might be underwhelming.
...from the Hojo clan... ...if you don’t know, the Hojo clan famously married their daughters to te royal family securing control of the royal court for a century! No! Get out of my head Lifamy!!! D,:
Fun fact:samurai who deployed to Kyushu when first invasion,they loot Japanese city before mongol landing just in case of they fail to get spoils. (Don’t be judge samurai were savage,at that time all of Japanese and maybe all of humanity were savage and selfish XD)
Remember, the history of Yuan was criticized for some of its flaws ruclips.net/video/FxMVOa1kzw4/видео.html linfamy said that the goryeo vassal king had absolutely no desire to be anything to do with that
12:44 the samurai: UNGRATEFUR FFFUKS!!! ah shit, it reminds me of the aftermath of the 2nd punic war after scipio africanus defeated hannibal barca at zama. he was not given a hero's welcome in rome. after a political scandal *ALLEGEDLY* involving his brother, scipio exiled himself away from the city and then died outside of it years later. his last words (on his tombstone) was written "ingrata patria ne ossa qvidem mea habes" or "ungrateful country, you shall never even possess my bones" or as i like to quote, "UNGRATEFUL FUKS!!! YOU WILL NEVER EVEN POSSESS MY DICK!!!" so was fate also befell upon his surviving nemesis, hannibal. after scipio spared him instead of chaining him in a parade of a triumph to execute him later, hannibal served in carthaginian politics in the city itself. he brought prosperity to the city but then a political scandal caused him to get the fuk outta there just because he had the mindset of julius caesar and wu zetian (pro pleb policy)
So like wtf Ghost of Tsushima game is so wrong at many levels... In the technically one samurai stopped the invasion in the tsushima. But in the reality they did lose tsushima and other islands. 🙃🧐🧐
Yeah and there isn't supposed to be any snow in the island too. It feels like they've picked a name for the game's title and changed everything to make the title relevant.
Japan was lucky it was a island just like england in ww2. If not, or if there was a land bridge they would have been destroyed just like england would have
Farce is the right word in this context. He is describing how the military and political strategies were so incompetent that they were a joke. A farce is basically a type of theatre. It seems like satire that the giant empire could not invade the little island. Or that Japan's leaders chose to pray instead of helping their warriors.
The myths of typhoons were created by Japanese Communists after ww2. They wanted to make the Japanese communist, so they tried to erase the history, culture, and ethnicity. From the Mongolian history book "Yuanshi" compiled by the Mongolian scholar Song Ren (1310-1381) and the Korean history book "Goryeosa" compiled by the Korean scholar Chung Jinyuki (1396-1478). These history books are published online by the Chinese government. In the 1274 war, the total force of the Mongolian army 27,000-39,700. Mongolian and Chinese army 15,000-25,000. Korean Army 5,300-8,000. 高麗史/卷一百四 以蒙、漢軍二萬五千，我軍八千，梢工、引海、水手六千七百，戰艦九百餘艘，留合浦以待女眞軍。 Mongolia intended to conquer Japan and the South Song dynasty even before sending the messenger. Japan heard information about Mongolia from a monk in the South Song dynasty. 高麗史/卷一百二 又勑藏用曰：「爾還爾國，速奏軍額。不爾，將討之。爾等不知出軍將討何國，朕欲討宋與日本耳。今朕視爾國猶一家，爾國若有難，朕安敢不救乎？朕征不庭之國，爾國出師助戰，亦其分也。爾歸語王，造戰艦一千艘，可載米三四千石者。」藏用對曰：「敢不承命，但督之，則雖有船材，恐不及也。」 The Mongolian army encountered a typhoon after its withdrawal. The Mongolian army was severely damaged by the fierce battle with the Japanese army, and the army was exhausted and evacuated to the ship. It was The Mongolian army held a military congress at the base.Mongolian army marshal Kudung said. "Even if a small number of soldiers fight stubbornly without regard to their abilities, they will end up being prisoners of war in front of a large number of troops.Using exhausted soldiers and facing the ever-increasing enemy forces is not a perfect solution. We should withdraw. "The army will withdraw. As the Mongolian army forced a nighttime withdrawal and encountered a storm at sea, many warships touched the cliffs and sank, causing much damage. 高麗史/卷一百四 諸軍與戰，及暮乃解。方慶謂忽敦、茶丘曰：「兵法，千里縣軍，其鋒不可當。我師雖少，已入敵境，人自爲戰，卽孟明焚船，淮陰背水也，請復戰。」忽敦曰：「兵法，小敵之堅，大敵之擒。策疲乏之兵，敵日滋之衆，非完計也，不若回軍。」復亨中流矢，先登舟，遂引兵還。會，夜大風雨，戰艦觸岩崖多敗，侁墮水死。到合浦，以俘獲、器仗，獻帝及王。王遣樞密副使張鎰慰諭，命方慶先還，加上柱國、判御史臺事。 October 1274. Mongolian Marshal Kudung invaded Japan. He lost the battle. There are about 13,500 non-returners in his army. 高麗史/卷八十七 甲戌 元至元十一年 十月金方慶與元元帥忽敦洪茶丘等征日本至一 戰敗軍不還者萬三千五百餘人。 In the 1281 war, Mongolian troops departed with a total of 540,000-556,989. Mongolian army 400,000 people.Chinese troops 15,000-25,000. Mongolian army and Chinese army 30,000. Korean Army 9,960. The number of sailors is unknown. 元史/卷129 十八年，召拜光祿大夫、中書左丞相、行中書省事，統蒙古軍四十萬征日本，行次慶元，卒于軍中。 元史/卷162 范文虎亦以戰艦三千五百艘，蠻軍十餘萬來，會値大風，蠻軍皆溺死。 元史/卷129 十八年，召拜光祿大夫、中書左丞相、行中書省事，統蒙古軍四十萬征日本，行次慶元，卒于軍中。 高麗史/卷二十九 壬午，各道按廉使啓，東征軍九千九百六十名，梢工、水手一萬七千二十九名，其生還者一萬九千三百九十七名。 In the war, the Japanese army continued to win, and the Mongolian army continued to lose. The war situation of the Mongolian army was unfavorable and the rout continued.The Mongolian army was hit by a typhoon.However, many Mongolian troops were not damaged by the typhoon.Therefore, the war continued even after the typhoon. 高麗史/卷一百四 六月，方慶、周鼎、球、朴之亮、荊萬戶等，與日本兵合戰，斬三百餘級。日本兵突進，官軍潰，茶丘弃馬走，王萬戶復橫擊之，斬五十餘級，日本兵乃退，茶丘僅免。翼日，復戰敗績，軍中又大疫，死者凡三千餘人。 元史/卷165 十七年，加鎮國上將軍、都元帥。時朝廷議征日本，禧請行，即日拜行中書省平章政事，與右丞范文虎、左丞李庭同率舟師，泛海東征。至日本，禧即捨舟，築壘平湖島，約束戰艦，各相去五十步止泊，以避風濤觸擊。八月，颶風大作，文虎、庭戰艦悉壞，禧所部獨完。文虎等議還，禧曰：「士卒溺死者半，其脫死者，皆壯士也，曷若乘其無回顧心，因糧於敵以進戰。」文虎等不從，曰：「還朝問罪，我輩當之，公不與也。」禧乃分船與之。時平湖島屯兵四千，乏舟，禧曰：「我安忍棄之！」遂悉棄舟中所有馬七十匹，以濟其還。至京師，文虎等皆獲罪，禧獨免。 元史/卷129 二十年，遷征東行省丞相，征日本，遇風，舟壞，喪師十七、八。 The Mongolian warships built in Korea were tough. 高麗史/卷三十 八月丁未，遣郞將秦良弼，押呪人、巫女如元。帝召之也。丁未，世子謁帝于紫檀殿，鄭可臣、柳庇等隨入。有丁右丞者奏：「江南戰船，大則大矣，遇觸則毁，此前所以失利也。如使高麗造船，而再征之，日本可取。」帝問征日本事，洪君祥進言曰：「軍事至大，宜先遣使，問諸高麗，然後行之。」帝然之。 元 王惲 秋澗先生大全文集 卷第四十 大小船艦多為波浪揃觸而碎唯勾麗船堅得全遂班師西還 The Japanese army annihilated more than 100,000 Mongolian troops and Mongolian warships. The Japanese troops captured 20,000 to 30,000 Mongolian soldiers. 元史/卷208 敗卒于閶脫歸，言：「官軍六月入海，七月至平壺島，移五龍山。八月一日，風破舟。五日，文虎等諸將各自擇堅好船乘之，棄士卒十餘萬于山下。眾議推張百戶者為主帥，號之曰張總管，聽其約束。方伐木作舟欲還，七日，日本人來戰，盡死。餘二三萬為其虜去。九日，至八角島，盡殺蒙古、高麗、漢人，謂新附軍為唐人，不殺而奴之。閶輩是也。」蓋行省官議事不相下，故皆棄軍歸。久之，莫青與吳萬五者亦逃還，十萬之眾得還者三人耳。 From the history book of Mongolian scholar Zheng Si-xiao (1241-1318). "The typhoon destroyed the ships.Only 400 ships remained.200,000 Mongolian soldiers were left behind, they were killed by the Japanese. " 鄭思肖『心史』中興集 元韃攻日本敗北歌「辛巳六月半、元賊由四明下海、大船七千隻、至七月半、抵倭口白骨山、築土城駐兵対塁。晦日大風雨作、雹大如拳、船為大浪掀播沈壊、韃軍半没於海。船僅廻四百余隻、二十万人、在白骨山上、無船渡帰、為倭人尽刎。山上素無人居、唯多巨蛇。相伝、唐東征軍士、咸隕命此山。故曰白骨山。又曰枯髏山。」 After the war, the Japanese threat theory was formed in Mongolia and China. Mongolia imported katana from Japan because the war drew attention to katana's reputation. Mongolian cavalry in the 1960s became mercenaries and used guns and katana on the battlefield. From the history book Xīn shǐ of Mongolian scholar Zheng Si-xiao (1241-1318)."The Japanese are brutal and not afraid of death. Even if ten Japanese people encounter 100 enemies, they will fight against them. If they don't win, they all fight until they die.If they do not die in the war, they will be killed by the king's hand when they return.Japanese women are also very temperamental and should not be attacked.katana is extremely sharp. " 鄭思肖『心史』中興集 元韃攻日本敗北歌 倭人狠不懼死，十人遇百人亦戰，不勝俱死，不战死，歸亦為倭主所殺。倭婦甚烈，不可犯。幼歲取犀角刈 小珠，种額上善水不溺，倭刀極利，地高險難入，可為戰守计。 Mongolian scholar Wang Yun (1228-1304)"Japanese soldiers are equipped with bows, katana, and armor.There was no spear. The cavalry are united.katana is long and extremely sharp. All the soldiers are brave and do not seem to be afraid of death. " It is written that the samurai were fighting in groups instead of single combat. 秋澗先生大全文集 (四部叢刊本)/卷第四十 而過但弓以木為之矢雖長不能逺人則勇敢視死不畏 The courageousness of the Japanese soldiers and the difficulty of invading the sea due to the defeat of the Mongol invasion also served as a deterrent to suppress the conquest of Japan by the later dynasties. The Ming dynasty's debate on Japan after the Yuan dynasty was discussed three times in total at Hongwu Emperor, Yongle Emperor, and Jia-jing-di Emperor. Hongwu Emperor (1328-1398) demanded that the Japanese prince submit to the Ming dynasty and suppress Japanese pirates. However, the prince refused to accept Hongwu Emperor's request by sending a reply saying that if the Ming army invaded Japan, he would counter it. Hongwu Emperor was furious at this reply, but he said he had stopped conquering Japan because of the defeat of Kublai's invasion of Japan. 明史/卷322 十四年復來貢，帝再卻之，命禮官移書責其王，幷責其征夷將軍，示以欲征之意。良懷上言：臣聞三皇立極，五帝禪宗，惟中華之有主，豈夷狄而無君。乾坤浩蕩，非一主之獨權，宇宙寬洪，作諸邦以分守。帝得表慍甚，終鑑蒙古之轍，不加兵也。
Kublai of the Mongol Empire was unaware of the existence of Japan, but was told by the commander of Goryeo that a lot of gold was sleeping in Japan, so he decided to attack Japan. Koreans are the enemy nation that invaded Japan. It was the Southern Song people who were on Japan's side, not the Koreans. The Southern Song dynasty was also destroyed by the Mongols, and the Southern Song prisoners who attacked Japan were released, but all the Goryeo people, Mongolians and Jurchens were executed.
I'm playing Ghost of Tsushima right now and I'm quite enjoying it. What sort of history related questions do you guys want me to answer for next week's video?
In GoT the Khan stated that he spent his time in preparation learning. “I learned..” and if you read the in game mongol artifacts, you can read about a monk who had an audience with the Khan drinking wines and discussing life. They even said the Khan spoke and possessed knowledge of their culture as if he had lived there for decades. I have read before that on one of Kublai’s envoys return trip from Japan, they captured two Japanese sailors and brought them back to Mongolia. It was then that he wined and dined two peasant Japanese sailors showing them his riches, his foods, his luxury, his generosity, etc as well as listed to them about their homeland. Are you familiar with this information and can you expand on it? Thank you. Great video!
Khotun Khan, the main antagonist of GoT is a fictional Character. He did not exist.
I have read about this, but there aren't any documents about their visit. I don't think that they'd have left any written record, since they're probably illiterate. It's unlikely that the Japanese court would preserve records of enemy propaganda either.
"Pls check inbox" 😁
Would love to see a video on the Great Heathen Army that invades the British isles. Maybe if you decide to play AC: Valhalla when it comes out! Keep up the great work!
The last dynasty of China, Qing dynasty. There will be a lot of stories to tell: unification of Manchu tribes, conquest of Mongols, conquest of Korea, conquest of Ming dynasty, war with russians, Qing-Jungar war, annexation of Xinjiang, war with west, decline of the dynasty, etc etc.
I love how much effort you put into pronouncing the names correctly and having historically accurate fashion!
Thanks Tim! The credit goes to Chen Rui, our illustrator.
I love how the hojo shikken actually has the hojo clan symbol on his robes. Nice attention to detail.
Just so show what clan they are from (and the fact the hojo like to show off their sacred triforce)
Not properly rewarding their samurais after the Mongol invasions partially contributed to the Kamakure Shogunate's demise.
They knew that. Gempei War started and ended up with the Minamoto Shoguns for very much similar reasons.
But the thing is, by the time of the Mongol invasions, the treasury was empty. Or more accurately, the administration was badly enough out of phase it couldn't rise the funds needed for the defense build-up and properly rewarding the warriors anymore.
Praying happened because it was the only option left available that fitted the Shogunate's available budget for this. And paying the shrines first was very likely as much gratitude for divine intervention than yet another stalling measure to avoid admitting out loud there was no money or lands left for proper rewards. And since they didn't managed to fix the system before it was too late for them...
Lesson from Chinese history: never chain your boats together
Appears behind Cao Cao, "Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu send their regards," lights match.
Argentina; I disagree
Xerxes chained hundreds of ships together to connect two coasts and form a great pontoon bridge for his armies to reach Greece... and this was destroyed by a storm. He rebuilt the bridge because hey, he had another 300 ships, marched his army across. When it came time to retreat, the bridge had been destroyed by storms yet again. All great kings and emperors should know: if you invade a smaller country and chain your boats together, expect storms.
@@tomflaherty2371 having his plan thwarted, Xerxes then proceed to punish the sea by ferocious lashes and verbal admonishment 🙃
It probably is some kind of effective common tactics but because of survivorship bias we probably only hear about it when fail disastrously lol
Thoughts and prayers yo.
I'd rather cash in.
@@CoolHistoryBros Well it worked :shrug:
@@CoolHistoryBros if it work it work
Works like a charm!!
50 years later: Milord! A black day, Shikken, for our finances have plummeted! And the emperor connives with substantial dissenting elements among the peasantry, warrior clergies, and the elites!
Next time i cant pay my rent im going to pray double. Maybe the wind will blow the landlord away.
You just need to fart hard and smelly, this "Godly wind" is guaranteed to scare off the landlord.😉😉😁😁
Can't wait till Ghost of Tsushima adds the Thoughts And Prayers dlc
Technically you do a lot of praying already in the game
I also think that the boats/ships used from the Chinese, were actually not very SEA-worthy, as they were really designed for rivers not ocean travel. A boat/ship made for ocean travel is very different than one made for rivers and other non-ocean travels. I also think that they chinese were also sabotaging the mongol efforts.
The Samurai did well defending the Mongol invasion.
@@jackjackyphantom8854 and the nature play a part itself
Mongol General: “hey, bro how do i tell that group of soldiers to flank the enemy?”
Translator:”我不知道。我不會說韓語”
Mongol general: “Ай?“
Mongol invasion of japan
I read in a book about the Mongol Empire by John Man the southern force in the second invasion had a lot of river boats not meant for ocean travel and couldn't modify them because Kublai was getting older and wanted the conquest. He said they tried using trebuchets on the ships to hit the Japanese boats but because they are trebuchets you can't really hit moving targets fast enough. I don't know if he's right but it sounded interesting. He mentioned a samurai named Suenaga who fought in both invasions had mentioned the thunder crash bombs in some kind of memoir. It was also interesting hat a man named Tiger Mozai learned to dive in the 80s when he was an old man and actually found remnants in the water of the battle. I thought that was interesting that wrecks of the battle were down there for so long and that this guy was do dedicated to finding it he learned how to swim and dive at an old age.
I will be starting Ghost soon so - thanks for this. I also just finished watching The Longest Day in Chang'an and would love to get some historical ground on Great Tang period. Loved that series!!
This video was uploaded around the time Ghost of Tsushima was released. Coincidence? I think not
Scheduling FTW!😆
looks like you cracked the case.
The basis that the typhoon wiped out the Mongolian army is based on the religious book "Hachiman Gudou-kun"(八幡愚童訓).
The content of the religion book is "The god Hachiman appeared, fought the Mongolian army, and caused a storm. Faith is important." This content has been cut out and becomes a myth.
According to the historical materials "Yuan-shi"(元史) and "Goryeosa" （高麗史） on the Mongolian side, in the 1274 war, the Mongolian army was attacked by the Japanese army and decided to withdraw. It is said that there was a typhoon after that.
In the war of 1281, the Mongolian army invaded Japan with 150,000, but due to the attack of the samurai, it could not land for two months and a typhoon came and the Mongolian army was seriously damaged. However, the undamaged army that had spread widely in the sea area remains, and the Mongolian army continues the war with a force of nearly 100,000, but the Mongolian army is destroyed by the Japanese army of 65,000.
The Mongolian army that fought with the samurai left behind historical materials for the samurai threat theory, which continued in posterity.
From the book "汎海小録" by Wang Yun（王惲）, a scholar of the Yuan Dynasty. "Samurai are equipped with bows, katana, and armor. They don't have spears. Cavalry fight in groups. Armor is elaborate and many are wearing it. The katana is long and sharp. All the soldiers are brave and do not fear death." "About 120,000 soldiers were all killed by advancing Japanese warriors." "Yuan army was defeated. After that, Japan sent a messenger to the Kingdom of Champa in Vietnam and accused him of being a subordinate country without fighting the Yuan dynasty.Champa decided to disobey the Yuan dynasty."
From Yuan Dynasty scholar Zheng Si-xiao(鄭思肖)'s book "心史". "Japanese samurai are merciless, samurai are not afraid to die. Even if ten samurai fight against a hundred Mongolian soldiers, they will stand up and fight. Samurai will fight until they die. Katana is extremely sharp."
From Wu Lai(呉莱), a scholar of the Yuan dynasty, the book “隣交徴書”. "The Japanese of today are not the same as those of the old war. Their strength is ten times that of the old."
From the book "日本一鑑" by the scholar of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng Shungong(鄭舜功). "We only lost the soldiers and were embarrassed," the memory of the invasion was taken critically in later times.
Kubirai started preparing for the invasion of Japan again, but those around him admonished Kubirai to stop the invasion of Japan.
Kubirai had no choice but to announce the cancellation of the Japan expedition.
Chinese university professor Wang Ying points out that the defeat of Mongolia has significantly changed China's view of Japan, forming a ferocious and heroic image of samurai and the threat of Japan.
This memory also served as a deterrent to suppress the theory of conquest of Japan by the later dynasties.
"Ming History"(明史) Volume 322 says "Hongwu Emperor has stopped thinking of conquering Japan in view of Kubilai's defeat in Japan."
Thanks for all the additional info, TN.
Didn't katana came to existence in late 13 century.
@@moogiibat5845 katana (刀) is a general term for Japanese-style single-edged swords. katana is a word that corresponds to dao (刀) in China and sword in the West.
tachi (太刀) is written as thick (太), katana (刀). Although tachi is long and thick, it is a kind of katana that can be used by cavalry because the center of gravity is at hand. Around the 12th century, uchigatana (打刀) was developed. uchigatana is written as strike(打) and gatana(刀). uchigatana is a type of katana made mainly for infantry warfare. It was developed from sasuga (刺刀) written as stab (刺) and katana (刀). This has nothing to do with Mongolia. Since these have different purposes, tachi was used even after uchigatana was created. Japan exported katana, naginata, and sulfur as a raw material for gunpowder during the Song dynasty (960-1279), and katana was very popular.
The politician and poet Au Joeng Sau (1007-1072) has released a work called "Japanese katana Song" (日本刀歌). This is a poem praising katana and Japanese technology. The original text of a history book written by a Mongolian scholar says "倭刀極利"(Japanese katana is extremely sharp)," 刀製長極犀 "(Katana is long and extremely sharp).
After the war between Japan and Mongolia, katana's reputation increased, so Japan exports katana to Mongolia and the Yuan dynasty.
There seems to be a community that wants to spread the false information that katana was invented after the 16th century. "Tachi (太刀)) is not katana (刀). ] Does not hold as a sentence. This is "miao dao (苗刀) is not dao (刀). "Viking Sword is not a sword. It is the same as saying.
@@tn1881 It is interesting that the Chinese, Koreans, and Mongols speak so highly of the Japanese swords. What were their own swords like in comparison? I suppose mostly one handers?
@@klikssiikubra314 One-handed swords were the mainstream for Chinese, Koreans, and Mongolians.
The Ming dynasty general Qi Jiguang's martial arts book Jixiao Xinshu and the martial artist Cheng Zhongyou's Dandaofa Xuan state that soldiers using one-handed swords and spears could not beat the Japanese with tachi.
They are studying katana and samurai martial arts.
Ming dynasty military scholar Mao Yuanyi (1594-1640?) “Japanese katana is very strong and sharp, and cannot be countered by a Chinese sword.”
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E6%AD%A6%E8%97%9D%E5%9C%96%E8%AD%9C%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97_002 .pdf
His record is on page 45 of this book.
As a result, the Ming dynasty created a miao dao similar to katana.
Please do the Mongol invasions of Korea! I think the three decade conflict and the Sambyeolcho rebellion are fascinating in their own right!
Great choice of artstyle. I like your presentation. Keep it up.
6:42 Had me dying lmao
TBF to them, those thoughts and prayer did manifest into a physical form that stomped the invading Mongols, twice.
that texting had me dying
Dude was like “moshi moshi” XD
From slave soldier to regular slave. Outstanding luck.
In a generation or two, their children witnesses a potential imperial restoration that was never restored
Well, if it works...
Though, really, the thing about being on the sea is, there _will_ be storms. Get onto land if you want to live. The samurai keeping the Mongols from successfully landing is what saved the day.
In other words, that's an environmental kill, or a stage fatality, if you will. Which is epic in its own way. Pro gamer move.
Crazy you have so few subscribers with content like this. Brilliant work. Earned my like and sub! Can’t wait for more!
Well, the only cool thing of this whole story is that they reinvented their swords that later become modern katanas
The voice acting is awesome lol
Maybe cover the mongol invasion of Vietnam next? I knew pretty much nothing about it.
Ok, sounds doable. But give me a little time, because I already have a few Ghost of Tsushima related videos planned.
The failed Mongol expedition to Java to take over Singhasari would also make a cool topic - we don't get a lot of coverage of this part of the world in history videos!
underrated channel !!
Excellent work here.
Very good 👍.
Very good quality video. Please cover Mongol invasion of Vietnam next! I think it will be interesting
All right, since a few of you have asked for it, I will cover it. But give me some time since I already have a few other videos planned.
even in medival times, japanese still ghosting everyone
Liked and shared. Was already subscribed.
Fascinating stuff . . . err . . . subarashi stuffu.
Love the narrator's voice in these vids.
Imagine if they attacked in the winter in 1281, the driest season of the year in Kyushu. Or late autumn, or early spring. Really any time of the year that isn’t the middle of monsoon season
Especially when you consider that the Mongols defeated Russia in 2 winter military campaigns in 1237 and 1240. And compared to Russia, Kyushu winters are mild at worst
Korean govermant told "this period is too dangerous because of typhoon" but mongolian king did attack.
after landing Korean generals told "we have to go capital city right now then we can capture japanese king" but mongolian general did nothing on ship.
if mongolian general was clever attack could success.
I mean it's not like he wasn't deliberately doing anything. In the first invasion the mongol did have some success going inland but their camp were soon destroyed and have to retreated back to their ships. The second invasion was even worse
Yeah i dunno why people would realistically view that time period in thag way, samurai were still strickly horsemen using a bow, and in tsushima they were very low in number, and the mongols couldn't bring their horses, or at least a very small amount of them. The entire conflict was such a farce on both ends, but the first mongol invasion was when japan realized it needed commoners to start really fighting which gave rise to the "ashigaru"
It wasn't as cool as I thought it was but you make it more hilarious than what I thought it could be possible.
The phone part is priceless lol.
One story is that part of the Mongol's problem was using hastily converted riverboats that didn't have keels for the open sea. Did you run across that in your research?
who would win:
The strongest nomad army of all time or one windy boy ?
Look like Japan exchange their extreme luck in wars with having to endure many disaster.
Shouting "katsu!"
13th C : Decisive military leader
21st C : Decisively hungry lard bucket looking for deep fried food with unlimited cabbage, also has gout like Kublai
More like a decisive regent statesman in his youngest prime. The military leadership goes to the provincial clans that governs the areas invaded by the Yuan Empire
Your video was for the most part accurate but King Chungnyeol of Goryeo didn't instigate nor requested a Japanese invasion. Chungnyeol was rather focusing on strengthening Goryeo's autonomous status as a vassal and negotiated with the Mongols to have their lands taken away during their war with them returned. But there were no requests made by the Korean king himself for an expedition that would obviously cost Korean lives. It was rather Kublai's one way pressure on the Koreans to have them mobilize a grand fleet.
3:19 did I just hear a depiction of Korean saying a Chinese profanity 'ciba*'? If that's the case, it's a good reason I had a good laugh
If you want a proper, good in-depth look into the Mongol Invasions and the subsequent Sengoku Jidai, I'd recommend a look at "The Shogunate" channel who has done a 50+ episode series spanning the precursor to it and the actual war(s).
Dear Mr CJ, we have not had a video from you in months. God willing, hope you are fine, sir. God bless!
This is very similar to Seirei Moribito live action where the Talsh Empire invade New Yogo, the Emperor (who was under the delusion that he's a god) only pray for victory (& refuse to ally with other nations to fight. For a holy army can't be seen working with mortals & a god can't be considered equal to moral kings) then a great flood(which was showing signs even before the war, that's why the Yogo crown prince wanted to end the war by allying with the 2 neighbor countries before the flood come, incase the Tallsh take advantage of it) ended the war
Sounds like an abridged version of game of thrones
so the mongols came in, ready for war, and *died in a tornado.*
Remember kids, one prayer per day keeps the mongol away
In 1274,Korean troops landed on Tsushima and they massacred 2000 inhabitants of Tsushima. In 1281, Korean troops landed on Tsushima again. And they killed 2000 inhabitants too. Mongolian force could not bring horses by ship. No horse Mongolian troops were just like chicken. While Samurai had very sharp Japanese sword as well as razor. This is very important point for the fighting. As in narrow ship, Mongolian troop grasped samurai's sword.
Mongolian troops got used to grasp enemy's continental sword like hatchet by leather glove.
But Japanese sword was so sharp unfortunately. Their fingers were cut down. Injured Mongolians were like stone. After the end of battle, samurai killed all fallen troops as manners as warrior. in narrow ship, Japanese sword martial arts was useful. Mongolian and Korean troops like to grasp enemy's sword soon.
Every dad DMing to his zoomer kid. 1:54
Best video about Genko I've seen.
That's way more interesting than "lol weather"
As The Shogun channel puts it: "The Mongols tried to invade Japan...and got defeated by bad weather."
Cool, never knew there were grenades back then
First 20 seconds I was like: "Oh snap! I clicked on a 'Simple History' video."
Then I was like: "Great parody of US American infotainment videos."
Subbed your channel. Watched some of your videos and enjoyed every single one. Informative but also presented in an entertaining way.
...I just finished platinum-ing Ghosts of Tsushima, so finding this video is pretty appropriate.
Did you say political trainwreck? *grabs popcorn and chair* Alright hit me bro.
Prayers work
It just bad luck for Mongols, if only Mongol attack on different side they win. The Strom just happen because of nature. They don't have experience in water battle.
Conquering someone to acquire their warriors is some big brain move ngl.
Hey maaan thanks for your last reply , do you think you could or would ever go into more depth on this subject one day? or possibly even the Japanese invasion of Korea :D ??
Ships - made in China
ships=chips thats fact
For their Mongol overlord.
What the hell oh my 😭
East asian medieval history is very intresting.
I´m really disapointed with the current relations of east asian contries. I really hope it will get much better in the comming years
@Ti Klim If by The West you mean The US. And i Guess Britain. Then yeah.
@Ti Klim lol until the One Child policy finally matures eh?
@@CarrotConsumer Lol. You do realised the one child policy was so Last decade
Maybe the morale/fighting spirit of parts of the Mongol Army wasn't that great because they were made up from CONQUERED people who were FORCED to fight for their former enemy(the Mongols).
Especially Song dynasty warriors after Song was defeated by the Mongols might have had very mixed feelings about fighting for the Mongols.
It's like Russia forcing Ukraine soldiers to fight on their side, the result might be underwhelming.
...from the Hojo clan...
...if you don’t know, the Hojo clan famously married their daughters to te royal family securing control of the royal court for a century!
No! Get out of my head Lifamy!!! D,:
Hojo or fujiwara???
Fun fact:samurai who deployed to Kyushu when first invasion,they loot Japanese city before mongol landing just in case of they fail to get spoils.
(Don’t be judge samurai were savage,at that time all of Japanese and maybe all of humanity were savage and selfish XD)
Sending thoughts and prayers instead of doing anything -so that's what western politicians mean when they say they have learnt from eastern wisdom.
That’s what any ordinary person actually mean when we say ‘give moral support’.
"Khubilai was ghosted" 🤣🤣
Time to start recruiting Shinto and Buddhists to pray for me.
Please make a video on the non woke historically accurate "wild west".
One step back...y did Koreans want to invade japan 🇯🇵?
Remember, the history of Yuan was criticized for some of its flaws
ruclips.net/video/FxMVOa1kzw4/видео.html linfamy said that the goryeo vassal king had absolutely no desire to be anything to do with that
Those prayers worked. Japanese culture fascinates me
Whatever happened to the enslaved Chinese and Korean? Did they assimilate in to Japanese society and last name changed as well
Yeah. I guess I can talk about that in the future. It's quite a fascinating topic.
Assimilated to Mongolian culture until the rise of Ming Dynasty in China and Joseon Dynasty of Korea
to be fair the prayers did work
Average military fan vs average prayer enjoyer
Chinese troops under mongol leadership. During those days china was under mongol suzerienity.
Not under Mongol Suzerainty. They are actually colonized by the Mongols.
12:44 the samurai: UNGRATEFUR FFFUKS!!!
ah shit, it reminds me of the aftermath of the 2nd punic war after scipio africanus defeated hannibal barca at zama. he was not given a hero's welcome in rome. after a political scandal *ALLEGEDLY* involving his brother, scipio exiled himself away from the city and then died outside of it years later. his last words (on his tombstone) was written "ingrata patria ne ossa qvidem mea habes" or "ungrateful country, you shall never even possess my bones" or as i like to quote, "UNGRATEFUL FUKS!!! YOU WILL NEVER EVEN POSSESS MY DICK!!!"
so was fate also befell upon his surviving nemesis, hannibal. after scipio spared him instead of chaining him in a parade of a triumph to execute him later, hannibal served in carthaginian politics in the city itself. he brought prosperity to the city but then a political scandal caused him to get the fuk outta there just because he had the mindset of julius caesar and wu zetian (pro pleb policy)
So like wtf Ghost of Tsushima game is so wrong at many levels...
In the technically one samurai stopped the invasion in the tsushima.
But in the reality they did lose tsushima and other islands. 🙃🧐🧐
Yeah and there isn't supposed to be any snow in the island too. It feels like they've picked a name for the game's title and changed everything to make the title relevant.
I think it’s implied that it’s historical fiction. The game never states “This is 100% historically accurate”.
@@CoolHistoryBros 😂😂😂 Tsushima is in southern Japan so it should have a humid subtropical climate. It shouldn't even have snow to begin with
Even The Way The game looks kinda shows that it's more of a fairy tale than a representation of reality
And katana was only used as a main weapon after the Mongol invasion.
Jingis Xan . . . with the "X" as in Russian. Thanks. English spelling is deceptive.
Died in a tornado🌪🌪🌪
OMG brooo my stomach hurt, laughing
Poor song Chinese 😂 from allies to enemies to slaves.
a pattern that alas repeated itself 500 years later....
@@meilinchan7314 during the Manchu Qing Buddhist extremism dynasty.
@@meilinchan7314 Han people were enslaved by the fierce Samurai warriors haha.
@@jackjackyphantom8854 Then the samurai warriors commit seppuku and bombed by atomic weapons
That accent sounds....Familiar.
This actually happened?!! XD wow...
Kamikaze. Yeah, that's me.
Japan was lucky it was a island just like england in ww2. If not, or if there was a land bridge they would have been destroyed just like england would have
Again ocean saved them of course
Wait .. what about the 3rd invasion?
Sounds like the thoughts and prayers worked.
And they died in tornado
No. It’s even cooler. With a side of humor to boot.
You know, I just realized this had the same energy as the battle of Actium in the last war of the Roman Republic
Why no one talking about that his video title type wrong, for word force he wrote farce.
Farce is the right word in this context. He is describing how the military and political strategies were so incompetent that they were a joke. A farce is basically a type of theatre. It seems like satire that the giant empire could not invade the little island. Or that Japan's leaders chose to pray instead of helping their warriors.
- Praying works! FACT!!!!
Somalis simply killed the envoys back to back and spared Africa the Mongolian army 😭
HAHAHA LIKING THIS FOR CHIBA-*Censored
I SENT YOU MY EMISSARIES ANSWER ME
hahahha
The myths of typhoons were created by Japanese Communists after ww2. They wanted to make the Japanese communist, so they tried to erase the history, culture, and ethnicity.
From the Mongolian history book "Yuanshi" compiled by the Mongolian scholar Song Ren (1310-1381) and the Korean history book "Goryeosa" compiled by the Korean scholar Chung Jinyuki (1396-1478). These history books are published online by the Chinese government.
In the 1274 war, the total force of the Mongolian army 27,000-39,700. Mongolian and Chinese army 15,000-25,000. Korean Army 5,300-8,000.
高麗史/卷一百四
以蒙、漢軍二萬五千，我軍八千，梢工、引海、水手六千七百，戰艦九百餘艘，留合浦以待女眞軍。
Mongolia intended to conquer Japan and the South Song dynasty even before sending the messenger. Japan heard information about Mongolia from a monk in the South Song dynasty.
高麗史/卷一百二
又勑藏用曰：「爾還爾國，速奏軍額。不爾，將討之。爾等不知出軍將討何國，朕欲討宋與日本耳。今朕視爾國猶一家，爾國若有難，朕安敢不救乎？朕征不庭之國，爾國出師助戰，亦其分也。爾歸語王，造戰艦一千艘，可載米三四千石者。」藏用對曰：「敢不承命，但督之，則雖有船材，恐不及也。」
The Mongolian army encountered a typhoon after its withdrawal.
The Mongolian army was severely damaged by the fierce battle with the Japanese army, and the army was exhausted and evacuated to the ship. It was
The Mongolian army held a military congress at the base.Mongolian army marshal Kudung said. "Even if a small number of soldiers fight stubbornly without regard to their abilities, they will end up being prisoners of war in front of a large number of troops.Using exhausted soldiers and facing the ever-increasing enemy forces is not a perfect solution. We should withdraw. "The army will withdraw.
As the Mongolian army forced a nighttime withdrawal and encountered a storm at sea, many warships touched the cliffs and sank, causing much damage.
高麗史/卷一百四
諸軍與戰，及暮乃解。方慶謂忽敦、茶丘曰：「兵法，千里縣軍，其鋒不可當。我師雖少，已入敵境，人自爲戰，卽孟明焚船，淮陰背水也，請復戰。」忽敦曰：「兵法，小敵之堅，大敵之擒。策疲乏之兵，敵日滋之衆，非完計也，不若回軍。」復亨中流矢，先登舟，遂引兵還。會，夜大風雨，戰艦觸岩崖多敗，侁墮水死。到合浦，以俘獲、器仗，獻帝及王。王遣樞密副使張鎰慰諭，命方慶先還，加上柱國、判御史臺事。
October 1274. Mongolian Marshal Kudung invaded Japan.
He lost the battle. There are about 13,500 non-returners in his army.
高麗史/卷八十七
甲戌 元至元十一年 十月金方慶與元元帥忽敦洪茶丘等征日本至一 戰敗軍不還者萬三千五百餘人。
In the 1281 war, Mongolian troops departed with a total of 540,000-556,989.
Mongolian army 400,000 people.Chinese troops 15,000-25,000. Mongolian army and Chinese army 30,000. Korean Army 9,960. The number of sailors is unknown.
元史/卷129
十八年，召拜光祿大夫、中書左丞相、行中書省事，統蒙古軍四十萬征日本，行次慶元，卒于軍中。
元史/卷162
范文虎亦以戰艦三千五百艘，蠻軍十餘萬來，會値大風，蠻軍皆溺死。
元史/卷129
十八年，召拜光祿大夫、中書左丞相、行中書省事，統蒙古軍四十萬征日本，行次慶元，卒于軍中。
高麗史/卷二十九
壬午，各道按廉使啓，東征軍九千九百六十名，梢工、水手一萬七千二十九名，其生還者一萬九千三百九十七名。
In the war, the Japanese army continued to win, and the Mongolian army continued to lose. The war situation of the Mongolian army was unfavorable and the rout continued.The Mongolian army was hit by a typhoon.However, many Mongolian troops were not damaged by the typhoon.Therefore, the war continued even after the typhoon.
高麗史/卷一百四
六月，方慶、周鼎、球、朴之亮、荊萬戶等，與日本兵合戰，斬三百餘級。日本兵突進，官軍潰，茶丘弃馬走，王萬戶復橫擊之，斬五十餘級，日本兵乃退，茶丘僅免。翼日，復戰敗績，軍中又大疫，死者凡三千餘人。
元史/卷165
十七年，加鎮國上將軍、都元帥。時朝廷議征日本，禧請行，即日拜行中書省平章政事，與右丞范文虎、左丞李庭同率舟師，泛海東征。至日本，禧即捨舟，築壘平湖島，約束戰艦，各相去五十步止泊，以避風濤觸擊。八月，颶風大作，文虎、庭戰艦悉壞，禧所部獨完。文虎等議還，禧曰：「士卒溺死者半，其脫死者，皆壯士也，曷若乘其無回顧心，因糧於敵以進戰。」文虎等不從，曰：「還朝問罪，我輩當之，公不與也。」禧乃分船與之。時平湖島屯兵四千，乏舟，禧曰：「我安忍棄之！」遂悉棄舟中所有馬七十匹，以濟其還。至京師，文虎等皆獲罪，禧獨免。
元史/卷129
二十年，遷征東行省丞相，征日本，遇風，舟壞，喪師十七、八。
The Mongolian warships built in Korea were tough.
高麗史/卷三十
八月丁未，遣郞將秦良弼，押呪人、巫女如元。帝召之也。丁未，世子謁帝于紫檀殿，鄭可臣、柳庇等隨入。有丁右丞者奏：「江南戰船，大則大矣，遇觸則毁，此前所以失利也。如使高麗造船，而再征之，日本可取。」帝問征日本事，洪君祥進言曰：「軍事至大，宜先遣使，問諸高麗，然後行之。」帝然之。
元 王惲 秋澗先生大全文集 卷第四十
大小船艦多為波浪揃觸而碎唯勾麗船堅得全遂班師西還
The Japanese army annihilated more than 100,000 Mongolian troops and Mongolian warships.
The Japanese troops captured 20,000 to 30,000 Mongolian soldiers.
元史/卷208
敗卒于閶脫歸，言：「官軍六月入海，七月至平壺島，移五龍山。八月一日，風破舟。五日，文虎等諸將各自擇堅好船乘之，棄士卒十餘萬于山下。眾議推張百戶者為主帥，號之曰張總管，聽其約束。方伐木作舟欲還，七日，日本人來戰，盡死。餘二三萬為其虜去。九日，至八角島，盡殺蒙古、高麗、漢人，謂新附軍為唐人，不殺而奴之。閶輩是也。」蓋行省官議事不相下，故皆棄軍歸。久之，莫青與吳萬五者亦逃還，十萬之眾得還者三人耳。
From the history book of Mongolian scholar Zheng Si-xiao (1241-1318).
"The typhoon destroyed the ships.Only 400 ships remained.200,000 Mongolian soldiers were left behind, they were killed by the Japanese. "
鄭思肖『心史』中興集 元韃攻日本敗北歌「辛巳六月半、元賊由四明下海、大船七千隻、至七月半、抵倭口白骨山、築土城駐兵対塁。晦日大風雨作、雹大如拳、船為大浪掀播沈壊、韃軍半没於海。船僅廻四百余隻、二十万人、在白骨山上、無船渡帰、為倭人尽刎。山上素無人居、唯多巨蛇。相伝、唐東征軍士、咸隕命此山。故曰白骨山。又曰枯髏山。」
After the war, the Japanese threat theory was formed in Mongolia and China.
Mongolia imported katana from Japan because the war drew attention to katana's reputation.
Mongolian cavalry in the 1960s became mercenaries and used guns and katana on the battlefield.
From the history book Xīn shǐ of Mongolian scholar Zheng Si-xiao (1241-1318)."The Japanese are brutal and not afraid of death.
Even if ten Japanese people encounter 100 enemies, they will fight against them. If they don't win, they all fight until they die.If they do not die in the war, they will be killed by the king's hand when they return.Japanese women are also very temperamental and should not be attacked.katana is extremely sharp. "
鄭思肖『心史』中興集 元韃攻日本敗北歌
倭人狠不懼死，十人遇百人亦戰，不勝俱死，不战死，歸亦為倭主所殺。倭婦甚烈，不可犯。幼歲取犀角刈 小珠，种額上善水不溺，倭刀極利，地高險難入，可為戰守计。
Mongolian scholar Wang Yun (1228-1304)"Japanese soldiers are equipped with bows, katana, and armor.There was no spear. The cavalry are united.katana is long and extremely sharp. All the soldiers are brave and do not seem to be afraid of death. "
It is written that the samurai were fighting in groups instead of single combat.
秋澗先生大全文集 (四部叢刊本)/卷第四十 而過但弓以木為之矢雖長不能逺人則勇敢視死不畏
The courageousness of the Japanese soldiers and the difficulty of invading the sea due to the defeat of the Mongol invasion also served as a deterrent to suppress the conquest of Japan by the later dynasties.
The Ming dynasty's debate on Japan after the Yuan dynasty was discussed three times in total at Hongwu Emperor, Yongle Emperor, and Jia-jing-di Emperor.
Hongwu Emperor (1328-1398) demanded that the Japanese prince submit to the Ming dynasty and suppress Japanese pirates.
However, the prince refused to accept Hongwu Emperor's request by sending a reply saying that if the Ming army invaded Japan, he would counter it.
Hongwu Emperor was furious at this reply, but he said he had stopped conquering Japan because of the defeat of Kublai's invasion of Japan.
明史/卷322
十四年復來貢，帝再卻之，命禮官移書責其王，幷責其征夷將軍，示以欲征之意。良懷上言：臣聞三皇立極，五帝禪宗，惟中華之有主，豈夷狄而無君。乾坤浩蕩，非一主之獨權，宇宙寬洪，作諸邦以分守。帝得表慍甚，終鑑蒙古之轍，不加兵也。
MOngul sent the letters to Japan? Koreans saved Japan. YouR fate history is really BAD.
Kublai of the Mongol Empire was unaware of the existence of Japan, but was told by the commander of Goryeo that a lot of gold was sleeping in Japan, so he decided to attack Japan.
Koreans are the enemy nation that invaded Japan.
It was the Southern Song people who were on Japan's side, not the Koreans.
The Southern Song dynasty was also destroyed by the Mongols, and the Southern Song prisoners who attacked Japan were released, but all the Goryeo people, Mongolians and Jurchens were executed.
Ghosting of Tsushima