Cold War Warrior: Inside the Cockpit of the Hawker Hunter subsonic fighter aircraft
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 29 авг 2024
- The Hawker Hunter is a transonic British jet-powered fighter aircraft developed by Hawker Aircraft for the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the late 1940s and early 1950s. It was designed to take advantage of the newly developed Rolls-Royce Avon turbojet engine and the swept wing, and was the first jet-powered aircraft produced by Hawker to be procured by the RAF. On 7 September 1953, the modified first prototype broke the world air speed record for aircraft, achieving a speed of 727.63 mph (1,171.01 km/h; 632.29 kn).
The single-seat Hunter was introduced to service in 1954 as a maneuverable day interceptor aircraft, quickly succeeding first-generation jet fighters in RAF service such as the Gloster Meteor and the de Havilland Venom. The all-weather/night fighter role was filled by the Gloster Javelin. Successively improved variants of the type were produced, adopting increasingly more capable engine models and expanding its fuel capacity amongst other modifications being implemented. Hunters were also used by two RAF display teams: the Black Arrows, who on one occasion looped a record-breaking 22 Hunters in formation, and later the Blue Diamonds, who flew 16 aircraft. The Hunter was also widely exported, serving with a total of 21 overseas air forces.
During the 1960s, following the introduction of the supersonic English Electric Lightning in the interceptor role, the Hunter transitioned to being operated as a fighter-bomber and for aerial reconnaissance missions, using dedicated variants for these purposes. Two-seat variants remained in use for training and secondary roles with the RAF and the Royal Navy until the early 1990s. Sixty years after its original introduction it was still in active service, being operated by the Lebanese Air Force until 2014.
The Hunter saw combat service in a range of conflicts with several operators, including the Suez Crisis, the Aden Emergency, the Sino-Indian War, the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, the Rhodesian Bush War, the Second Congo War, the Six-Day War, the War of Attrition and the Yom Kippur War. Overall, 1,972 Hunters were manufactured by Hawker Aircraft and its successor, Hawker Siddeley, as well as being produced under license overseas. In British service, the Hunter was replaced in its principal roles by the Lightning, the Hawker Siddeley Harrier, and the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II.
General characteristics
Crew: 1
Length: 45 ft 10.5 in (13.983 m)
Wingspan: 33 ft 8 in (10.26 m)
Height: 13 ft 2 in (4.01 m)
Wing area: 349 sq ft (32.4 m2)
Airfoil: Hawker 8.5% symmetrical
Empty weight: 14,122 lb (6,406 kg)
Gross weight: 17,750 lb (8,051 kg)
Max takeoff weight: 24,600 lb (11,158 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Rolls-Royce Avon 207 turbojet engine, 10,145 lbf (45.13 kN) thrust
Performance
Maximum speed: 623 mph (1,003 km/h, 541 kn) at 36,000 ft (11,000 m)
715 mph (621 kn; 1,151 km/h) at sea level
Maximum speed: Mach 0.94
Combat range: 385 mi (620 km, 335 nmi)
Ferry range: 1,900 mi (3,100 km, 1,700 nmi) maximum external fuel
Service ceiling: 50,000 ft (15,000 m)
Rate of climb: 17,200 ft/min (87 m/s)
Wing loading: 51.6 lb/sq ft (252 kg/m2)
Thrust/weight: 0.56
Armament
Guns: 4× 30 mm (1.18 in) ADEN revolver cannon in a removable gun pack with 150 rpg
Hardpoints: 4 underwings (7 hardpoints on Singaporean FGA/FR.74S, essentially refurbished FGA.9 derived from F.6) with a capacity of 7,400 lb (3,400 kg), with provisions to carry combinations of:
Rockets:
4× Matra rocket pods (each with 18 × SNEB 68 mm (2.68 in) rockets) or
32× Hispano SURA R80 80 mm (3.15 in) rockets
Missiles:
4× AIM-9 Sidewinder Air-to-air missiles, mounted on Singaporean FGA/FR.74S (two on Swiss Mk.5 Dutch F6's and Swedish Mk.50)
4× AGM-65 Maverick Air-to-surface missiles, mounted on Singaporean FGA/FR.74S(two on Swiss Mk.58)
Bombs: a variety of unguided iron bombs
Other: 2× 230 US gallons (870 L; 190 imp gal) drop tanks for extended range/loitering time
Avionics
Ekco ARI 5820 ranging radar
Watch more aircraft, heroes, and their stories and missions ➤ / @dronescapes
To support/join the channel ➤ / @dronescapes
IG ➤ / dronescapesvideos
FB ➤ / dronescapesvideos
X/Twitter ➤ dronescapes.vi...
THREADS ➤ www.threads.ne...
#aircraft #british #aviation
![BabyChiefDoit - Wonderful Time (Official Music Video) [Shot By @Rxllo]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/_Bfqt3zV2KE/mqdefault.jpg)
Watch more aircraft, heroes, and their stories and missions ➤ www.youtube.com/@Dronescapes
To support/join the channel ➤ www.youtube.com/@Dronescapes/join
IG ➤ instagram.com/dronescapesvideos
FB ➤ facebook.com/Dronescapesvideos
➤ X/Twitter ➤ dronescapes.video/2p89vedj
➤ THREADS: www.threads.net/@dronescapesvideos
What an excellent video. I was lucky enough to fly the F6, FGA9 and T7. Thanks very much 👍
Along with the Canberra still one of the most beautiful jet combat aircraft ever built.
the spitfire of jets
They say if it looks good it will fly good The Hunter was so sleek😊
This aircraft! Hawker made the best aircraft we had, constantly over a long period of time, and still exist although within a much larger entity.
The Hunter though, still looks relevant today, it’s like our version of the Sabre.
I knew the Hunter was a beautiful aircraft from books and film, but when I saw one in the metal I was stunned. It’s gorgeous from any angle.
I used to live near Exeter airport where there were numerous airworthy Hunters , used to hear them long before you saw them, glorious racket and beautiful airplane
The Hunter was a Gentleman’s plane. The pilots loved it. Thank you for up load much enjoyed❤😊❤😊
The Me262 did not out perform piston aircraft during WW2 and was basically junk.
The Meteor actually DID see combat in WWII - They shot down a number of V1's and they also flew operational sorties over enemy territory at the closing stages of the war if I am not mistaken. Not sure if there were any contacts with enemy aircraft though.
You're not mistaken at all. There were indeed almost no contacts with enemy aircraft and they never met a German jet in combat at all. The narrator was mistaken. It was the Vampire that was a little too late.
AFAIK there was a “meeting” with FW190s but it didn’t result in anything .
The Meteor actually DID NOT see combat in WWII. Too slow so it was never used in combat.
@@TheAneewAony ?? Too slow? They were used operationally in at least one frontline sqadron for sure. Don't know how you define combat though. If chasing and shooting down V1's isn't combat then you might be right...
LOL. No. The Meteor never saw combat in WWII. It was too slow.
All of this thanks to Frank Whittle, the inventor of the Jet Engine! A true Brit!
Frank Whittle did not have an engine suitable for an aircraft until 1941. Two years after the Germans invented the jet airplane
@@TheAneewAonyThe gernans flew the first jet engined plane , they didn't invent the idea.
@@jamesleonard7439 They invented the jet airplane, as none had existed before. The idea however, of a jet propelled aircraft was first patented in 1921. "The first patent for using a gas turbine to power an aircraft was filed in 1921 by Guillaume. ," French patent no. 534,801 (filed: 3 May 1921; issued: 13 January 1922)."
@@TheAneewAony
*_We might be able to clear up some slight misunderstandings, That's right, Indeed it is in fact the case that Maximinime's patent was copied from Parsons work, before 1900, of Ireland & North England axial multistage sequential stator rotor turbine / compressor power generation & industrial machinery turbomachinery inventions & discussions regarding use as an internal combustion gas turbine engine for ship & aircraft propulsion._*
*Yes that is correct, The Metrovik F2/3 axial compressor turbojet was fully operational from 1943 & had no problems & included the use of technology, aerodynamics knowledge & materials technology not known about in Germany or anywhere else in the world at the time obviously.*
_Without doubt it is entirely true that the gas turbine was first patented in England before 1800._
*Of course The world's first pure gas turbine aero engine was first demonstrated in 1937 in England by Whittle.*
*_Yes, Undoubtedly work on axial compressor gas turbine aero engines began in England before 1930._*
_Clearly there is no doubt that the axial multistage sequential stator rotor compressors & turbines first produced in England before 1900 are essentially the basis of all axial compressor gas turbine aero engines._
*_Yes, obviously centrifugal compressor gas turbine aero engines as far as gas turbine engines are concerned at the time were high tech & not easy to build or get working, the only people able to do a good job & produce something reliable enough, powerful enough & suitable for use as an aircraft engine were of course located in England._*
Centrifugal compressor gas turbine aero engine obsolete at the time (1943) etc?
*_Obviously not at the time or for the next 15 years as far as jet fighters were concerned & they're still manufactured for use as gas turbine aero engines, the Pratt & Whitney PW200 range of engines being an example of the typical centrifugal compressor reverse flow combuster gas turbine aero engine. The world's first demonstration of such a gas turbine aero engine being performed by Whittle in 1937._*
Of course, the RR Nene centrifugal compressor gas turbine aero engine was in fact the most powerful & reliable gas turbine aero engine on the planet in 1944 with licenced manufacture versions being produced in many countries including France & the US & unlicensed copies being produced in Russia (for Migs) & China. The RR Nene in 1944 was of course more than twice as powerful & 1213 times more reliable than the ridiculous 46 minutes life Jumo 004 used for the absurd ME 262 & inane Arado which took off on a drop away trolley & landed on skids & was significantly inferior in all respects to the fabulous DH Mosquito
Indeed gas turbine aero engine attempts in Germany were simply based on incomplete information from England & were incompetent, unreliable, ineffective & always dangerous as far as the unfortunate pilots were concerned.
The W.1X engine powered the E.28/39 for taxi testing on 7 April 1941 at Brockworth near the factory in Gloucester, where it took to the air for two or three short hops of several hundred yards at about six feet from the ground.[6]
The definitive W.1 of 850 lbf (3.8 kN) thrust ran on 12 April 1941, and on 15 May the W.1-powered E.28/39 took off from Cranwell at 7:40 pm, flying for 17 minutes and reaching a maximum speed of around 340 mph (545 km/h).
Whittle demonstrated his engine in 1937, the world's first demonstration of a pure gas turbine aero engine.
Gloster E28/29 + Whittle W1 Short Hops April 1941. FF May 1941.
Gloster Meteor First flight 5 March 1943
Gloster Meteor In Service (after extensive trials & with a very reliable engine.)
Introduction into service 27 July 1944
3947 produced. Operational in more than 17 countries. Retired 1980s RAF.
Me 262 First flight 18 April 1941 with piston engine (Junkers Jumo 210).
18 July 1942 with junk jet engines Junkers Jumo 004
In service Introduction April 1944 but mostly still highly experimental & useless.
Retired 1945 Germany, 1951 Czechoslovakia.
Primary users Luftwaffe & Czechoslovak Air Force.
Hope this helps.
Cheers 👍😎🙂.
One of the best videos I have seen. My interest in military airshows, in the UK, spans 60years. Thank you
F 86 and MiG 15 were based on stolen Kurt Tank papers.
Pulqui II, built in Argentina by Tank, was the development of the original design. The resemblance between the three is undeniable.
in the 1960s the Indian Air Force acquired a fleet of no less than 214 brand new Hawker Hunter F6A multi role interdictor strike fighter . . . plus 100 Hawker Hunter FGA.9 multi role ground attack fighter . . . the last operational Hunter F6A was retired from active service in 1995 . . . the Hawker Hunter FGA.9 multi role ground attack fighter was replaced by the Sepecat Jaguar GR3 multi role all weather ground attack fighter . . .
Suprised you didnt mention the Omani hunters , as the first picture you see is anOmani Hunter low level at i think Thumrait AB ...
Sadly perhaps, the 'Hunter,' was not a supersonic fighter, which limited its use in many scenarios.
JPT and a doll's eye. Must be a British jet.
What if only.......Hawker had developed this into a Super Hunter(supersonic) fighter.
Well ahead of the F16!!!
It took the crew chief a week to hammer out the crease in that seat pan .
The Last Classic
Inside the cockpit? didnt saw that.
Dutch Hunters are seen in this documentary.
Built under license by Fokker at Schiphol.
The engine of the ME-262 was an axial flow system, which is still used in modern aircraft, however, the metallurgy and raw materials availability was very limited in Germany; which effectively gave them a better, but much less reliable engine long term. Sir Frank Whittle the inventor of the turbine jet engine, used in the British craft was also limited by the known metallurgy built a more simplistic design of turbine, the centrifical flow. This was much less sophisticated, but the far more reliable jet engine. The Meteor aircraft did see war service, but only overflying England, and used in the role of shooting down or disabling V-1 cruise missiles. A natural fear of an advanced jet falling into enemy hands kept them out of the European continent.
The Jumo engine had issues far exceeding materials availability, and beside Whittle's centrifugal turbojet (he first turbojet in the world), his own nemesis, and the person responsible for crucially delaying the birth of his turbojet, was none other than Griffith, one of the fathers of the axial turbojet, and the author of a seminal paper on axial compressors in 1926, almost a decade before Germany (Von Ohain) started working on his engine. If Griffith's meddling had not delayed Whittle by at least 6 years, Britain would have had a formidably perfect (for the time) turbojet before the beginning of the war, and not a useless one by the end, like Germany had.
Make no mistake, Whittle was aware of the potential of the axial turbojet at the end of 1920, but he ditched it precisely because it would have taken decades to perfect it. His engine was supposed to be transitional and pave the way for the future through evolution.
@@Dronescapes Well prompted. Thanks.
@@Dronescapes Maxime Guillaume patented the gas turbine in 1921. The very first axial flow jet engine was the Jumo 004, designed by Anselm Franz who also designed the world's first high-bypass turbofan engine. Ohain had a working jet engine in flight in 1939, nearly three years before Whittle had a working jet that could be installed in an aircraft. The centrifugal flow engine was of low performance whereas the axial flow jet propelled the 262 over 100 faster than Meteor. If the British could have built a combat jet in WWII they would have. But they didn't. As such the only combat jet to operate over England during WWII was the German Ar 234
@@TheAneewAony
*The British were in fact building very competent combat jets during WW2 but of course after 1943 it was felt there was no urgent need to rush them into service or risk having examples get into Russian or German hands.*.
*_We might be able to clear up some slight misunderstandings, That's right, Indeed it is in fact the case that Maximinime's patent was copied from the work of Parsons based on Parsons of Ireland & North England axial multistage sequential stator rotor turbine / compressor power generation & industrial machinery turbomachinery inventions before 1900 & discussions regarding use as an internal combustion gas turbine engine for ship & aircraft propulsion._*
*Yes that is correct, The Metrovik F2/3 axial compressor turbojet was fully operational from 1943 & had no problems & included the use of technology, aerodynamics knowledge & materials technology not known about in Germany or anywhere else in the world at the time obviously.*
_Without doubt it is entirely true that the gas turbine was first patented in England before 1800._
*Of course The world's first pure gas turbine aero engine was first demonstrated in 1937 in England by Whittle.*
*_Yes, Undoubtedly work on axial compressor gas turbine aero engines began in England before 1930._*
_Clearly there is no doubt that the axial multistage sequential stator rotor compressors & turbines first produced in England before 1900 are essentially the basis of all axial compressor gas turbine aero engines._
*_Yes, obviously centrifugal compressor gas turbine aero engines as far as gas turbine engines are concerned at the time were high tech & not easy to build or get working, the only people able to do a good job & produce something reliable enough, powerful enough & suitable for use as an aircraft engine were of course located in England._*
Centrifugal compressor gas turbine aero engine obsolete at the time (1943) etc?
*_Obviously not at the time or for the next 15 years as far as jet fighters were concerned & they're still manufactured for use as gas turbine aero engines, the Pratt & Whitney PW200 range of engines being an example of the typical centrifugal compressor reverse flow combuster gas turbine aero engine. The world's first demonstration of such a gas turbine aero engine being performed by Whittle in 1937._*
Of course, the RR Nene centrifugal compressor gas turbine aero engine was in fact the most powerful & reliable gas turbine aero engine on the planet in 1944 with licenced manufacture versions being produced in many countries including France & the US & unlicensed copies being produced in Russia (for Migs) & China. The RR Nene in 1944 was of course more than twice as powerful & 1213 times more reliable than the ridiculous 46 minutes life Jumo 004 used for the absurd ME 262 & inane Arado which took off on a drop away trolley & landed on skids & was significantly inferior in all respects to the fabulous DH Mosquito
Indeed gas turbine aero engine attempts in Germany were simply based on incomplete information from England & were incompetent, unreliable, ineffective & always dangerous as far as the unfortunate pilots were concerned.
The W.1X engine powered the E.28/39 for taxi testing on 7 April 1941 at Brockworth near the factory in Gloucester, where it took to the air for two or three short hops of several hundred yards at about six feet from the ground.[6]
The definitive W.1 of 850 lbf (3.8 kN) thrust ran on 12 April 1941, and on 15 May the W.1-powered E.28/39 took off from Cranwell at 7:40 pm, flying for 17 minutes and reaching a maximum speed of around 340 mph (545 km/h).
Whittle demonstrated his engine in 1937, the world's first demonstration of a pure gas turbine aero engine.
Gloster E28/29 + Whittle W1 Short Hops April 1941. FF May 1941.
Gloster Meteor First flight 5 March 1943
Gloster Meteor In Service (after extensive trials & with a very reliable engine.)
Introduction into service 27 July 1944
3947 produced. Operational in more than 17 countries. Retired 1980s RAF.
Me 262 First flight 18 April 1941 with piston engine (Junkers Jumo 210).
18 July 1942 with junk jet engines Junkers Jumo 004
In service Introduction April 1944 but mostly still highly experimental & useless.
Retired 1945 Germany, 1951 Czechoslovakia.
Primary users Luftwaffe & Czechoslovak Air Force.
Hope this helps.
Cheers 👍😎🙂.
. ... ........ ... .
@TheAneewAony I think you are a bit confused. Of course Whittle did not have an aircraft! He had been completely ignored between 1929 and mid 1935, when he managed to find some private capital.
He built the first turbojet in less than 2 years, and of course he could not test it. He had no money, nor had the luxury of having, as Von Ohain had all those years, an aircraft manufacturer as full supporter!
If you know anything at all about Whittle, you would also know that his choice of ditching an axial compressor in 1929, a choice that obviously enraged his examiner, Mr. A.A. Griffith, none other than the author of a seminal paper on axial compressors in 1926, is what would be called intelligence.
What the Germans did was to make the precise mistake that Whittle avoided, pursuing an engine that would need another 2 decades to work properly (and it was definitively not a German one).
Metrovick, Griffith and the like worked on axial turbojets and tested them well before the end of the war (the dates are easily available for you to research), but when they compared Whittle's engine to Metrovick's engine, although superior in performance, it still had all the notorious issues of axial turbojets (the Germans had even more issues than the British).
This led the Air Ministry to choose Whittle's reliable and easy-to-develop turbojet.
The shame is that they could have had it much, much earlier.
In 1945 a Meteor powered by Whittle's turbojet set the world speed record, giving you an idea what it could have been in 1939, if they only listened to the British genius.
If you want to have a blast, just listen to Von Ohain's rare and exclusive interviews on the channel. You will quickly realize that, unlike Whittle, he did not have a clue about the true benefits of a turbojet. Whittle was a million years ahead of him in every shape and form. All you need to do as a student is read Whittle's thesis to realize how brilliant he was.
I urge you to watch it: ruclips.net/video/BTk_8GCwuzk/видео.html
And again, do not forget that Metrovick had a pretty decent (for the time, of course) axial turbojet as early as 1943, one year before the end of the war, and well before the Me 262 was deployed in late 1944 (with a tragically flawed engine).
The reasons why it was not used were precisely the same as why the Jumo should have NOT been deployed, the ones predicted by the only person that never made a mistake in the story: Frank Whittle.
The Gloster Meteor did see service towards the end of the 2nd world war! The de Havilland Vampire was a little too late.
Yes, service, however not combat
@@TheAneewAony The Meteor holds the title of the first ever jet to jet kill, they also saw combat against FW190 aircraft and various ground attack missions.
Nope. The Meteor has the title of never being used in WWII combat due to its slow speed. No WWII Meteor was capable of exceeding 450 mph. Zero air to air kills. Eric Brown: "Speed. Speed. It was a pedestrian aircraft, really, the Meteor. It never went into… It never fought operationally. It fought, if you like to call it that, against the V1, the flying doodlebug, and quite successfully. But it really was too slow to deal with the German jets when they came into being. "
@@TheAneewAony yes. It flew operationally in WW2. Actually, there were also some CAS sorties over Europe in early 1945, albeit not many.
@@TheAneewAony The Meteor most certainly does hold the worlds first jet to jet kill, do a bit more research then come back.
Oh dear, that music half way through!
Swiss pilots live the dream. Always neutral. It's like your favourite mountainous map on free flight.
Thank you for making the very clear case for British advanced designs. British invention and innovations were to play a very significant part in victory Europe, and Japan, ultimately.
@ 33:53 Not a Hunter
👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻🍻🇿🇦
First
You Win by the looks of it ..
Apparently not
Second place , but First to make a Comment , The Hunter was flying Sex it was just up there with the UK designing an Building World beating Aircraft for the Time , but it was a Gorgous looking Machine..What was the Track playing at the End it was Great.
First
Apparently not