Antibodies | Immunoglobulins Structure & Function | Part 1
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 7 апр 2021
- #drnajeeb #medicines #pharmacology #antibodies #antibodytest
Antibodies | Immunoglobulins | Structure & Function | Part 1
Like this video? Sign up now on our website at www.DrNajeebLectures.com
to access 800+ Exclusive videos on Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. These are premium videos (NOT FROM RUclips). All these videos come with English subtitles & download options. Sign up now! Get Lifetime Access for a one-time payment of $45 ONLY!
Sign up now on our website at members.drnajeeblectures.com/...
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Why sign up for premium membership? Here's why!
Membership Features for premium website members.
1. More than 800+ Medical Lectures.
2. Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine.
3. Mobile-friendly interface with android and iOS apps.
4. English subtitles and new videos every week.
5. Download option for offline video playback.
6. Fanatic customer support and that's 24/7.
7. Fast video playback option to learn faster.
8. Trusted by over 2M+ students in 190 countries.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the pathogen, called an antigen. Each tip of the "Y" of an antibody contains a paratope (analogous to a lock) that is specific for one particular epitope (analogous to a key) on an antigen, allowing these two structures to bind together with precision. Using this binding mechanism, an antibody can tag a microbe or an infected cell for attack by other parts of the immune system, or can neutralize it directly (for example, by blocking a part of a virus that is essential for its invasion).
To allow the immune system to recognize millions of different antigens, the antigen-binding sites at both tips of the antibody come in an equally wide variety. In contrast, the remainder of the antibody is relatively constant. It only occurs in a few variants, which define the antibody's class or isotype: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, or IgM. The constant region at the trunk of the antibody includes sites involved in interactions with other components of the immune system. The class hence determines the function triggered by an antibody after binding to an antigen, in addition to some structural features. Antibodies from different classes also differ in where they are released in the body and at what stage of an immune response.
Together with B and T cells, antibodies are the most important part of the adaptive immune system. They occur in two forms: attached to a B cell or in soluble form in extracellular fluids such as blood plasma. Initially, antibodies are attached to the surface of a B cell - they are then referred to as B-cell receptors (BCR). After an antigen binds to a BCR, the B cell activates to proliferate and differentiate into either plasma cells, which secrete soluble antibodies with the same paratope, or memory B cells, which survive in the body to enable long-lasting immunity to the antigen. Soluble antibodies are released into the blood and tissue fluids, as well as many secretions. Because these fluids were traditionally known as humors, antibody-mediated immunity is sometimes known as, or considered a part of, humoral immunity. The soluble Y-shaped units can occur individually as monomers, or in complexes of two to five units.
Antibodies are glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The terms antibody and immunoglobulin are often used interchangeably, though the term 'antibody' is sometimes reserved for the secreted, soluble form, i.e. excluding B-cell receptors.
(0:00-11:00)
Defining Antibodies/Immunoglobulins.
Plasma Cells; role in producing antibodies;
Antibodies as part of Plasma Proteins; Albumins, Globulins & Fibrinogen.
Globulins; Gamma Globulins are antibodies.
(11:02-29:00)
Basic structure of antibody; Glycoproteins.
Tetrapeptide; 2 Heavy Chains & 2 Light Chains; Y-shaped.
Antigen-Binding Area (ABA); binding specificity of this site & its variable regions;
Variable Domain of the Light & Heavy Chain; Constant Domain"s" of the Light & Heavy Chain.
Antibody Classes: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD.
"ME has longer heavy chains".
Review.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Join this channel to get access to perks:
Sign up now on our website at members.drnajeeblectures.com/...
/ @doctornajeeb
Follow us on Facebook :- / drnajeeb
Follow us on Instagram :- / drnajeeblectures
Part 2 of Antibodies (Immunoglobulins) Structure and Function will be published within next 48 hours. Stay tuned. ❤️
Thanks for the videos!
@@pre-doctorworld7198 pakistan ❤
Thank you sir .the way you deliver the lecture is too impressive .💗💗💗
@@pre-doctorworld7198 America..
@@khurshidalam1026 great ... Thank you 💕
It’s funny how all these years I’ve studying Medicine some people would avoid Dr Najeeb videos because “they take forever” but when I impress the Docs & Professors because I know more they then start to somewhat dislike me, People who watch Dr Najeebs lectures are those who aspire to be the best ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️ much love from South Africa 🇿🇦 now doing my final year, thank you Doc Najeeb
You are welcome. Best of luck for your future endeavors. ❤️
I've noticed that too when you show you know more either at work or at University everyone will start hate you. If you want to be the best, learn from the best and thank Dr. Najeeb.
I lack words to express my gratitudes but for sure you have made me understood this better...much love from🇰🇪🇰🇪🇰🇪🇰🇪🇰🇪
When I'm read , I thought what is this, why it is named like this? when dr.najeeb sir teach , I thought how beautifully formed by God, how beautifully discovered by scientists, but most important thing how beautifully taught by dr.najeeb sir .simple , easily understandable, reasonable narration .during watching ur lectures , everytime I thought , he is the messenger from God for medicine profession nd for students.....❤️
Thank you for your love and support. :)
Yes u r crt mam.
Najeeb is a scammer
Dr. Najeeb just knows how to teach. You're the Aristotle of medical students.
Thank you for your love and support❤
Now doing my final year, Dr. Najeeb you’re by far the most the best lecturer 👨🏫 I’ve ever had, THANK YOU
Thank you for your love and support.
I am from a small village called salboni, Midnapore, in West Bengal. I am studying Zoology honours affiliated to VU. I love your lectures very much. You teach very simply, who doesn't have any idea about biology he also can understand. My previous search on RUclips like' anything by anyone'. After your lecture my searches are like 'anything by najeeb sir'. Thank you for your work it really helps us so much..♥️
Thank you for your love and support. :) May you be blessed with knowledge, prosperity, love and happiness, always. We wish you success and happiness in every walk of life and good luck in your future endeavors. Regards, Dr. Najeeb Team
How could someone be so perfect?? Your lecture made me stay awake for whole night .. because it built my interest in the topic .. first time I took your lecture.. and this is unbelievable i must say❤️❤️❤️
Wonderful! Glad to hear that. Happy learning ❤️❤️
You're lectures are the best! Your teaching methodology, your friendly interaction during the lectures! Just awesome! May Allah bless you !💓
Your lecture explanation are very clear thanks for giving us this opportunity as medical students ,may Allah bless you Dr Najeeb love from Somalia.
Intezaar mein bhi itni khushi ho rahi.. Bepanah.. Beandaza.. To wait for your lecture has its own pleasure 😻😻😻
Even though iam a btech graduate and i am seeing your video because you are providing those information in a very interesting way and your lectures consist of those factors which a student doesn't feel any kind of stress or sleep as you are also building curiosity among students which make them listen to you.. respect you sir❤️
Glad to hear that. Stay blessed.
Wow! I think not everyone deserves to be called a teacher. only like you have to be honored so-called "excellent teacher". Thanks. you are explaining everything from the source and the student can go with you easily and easily understand the terms that usually are the nightmare of the students
Come here with speed of light.
Awesome lecture. Just love it.🥰🥰
It's really amazing ...May Allah bless you sir
Ooh thank you for your generosity
I was staring at my notes confused. Alhamdulillah I found Ur videos. Thank u so much for making this subject so interesting. May Allah bless you the best.
Glad to hear that❤️
No words can define your extra ordinary teaching skills
The way you make your students hypnotized by your lectures is breathtaking......Allah bless you always
Thanks a ton for the appreciation. Keep supporting my efforts 💝💝
Sir I m highly impressed by you ....u are an angel for sure....your concepts and the way of explaining is A1.....lots of love and respect 🙏🙏
Glad to know that. Keep sharing your feedback. Thank you for your love and support. :)
What an amazing lecture on antibody.you r great sir.May Allah Bless you a happy and prosperous life...💖❤️
Glad to know that. Hope this helped you. Keep sharing your feedback.
You are an amazing teacher...I am so grateful to u sir ...ua words nd ua teaching is crystal clear...Ua teaching is mind blowing sirrrrrr....
Good teacher
Kind teacher
Intelligent teacher
Fair teacher
Calm teacher😚
Sir keep it up..God bless u sir
Lots of love from Kashmir 💓💓💓💓
Thank you for all the love and support dear❤️ Keep supporting ❤️
I am an O Level Student, and before Exams I studied from your lectures and got good marks! Thank You SIR!!
Wow. Great! best of luck.
Thank you very much. Good work
YOU ARE THE BEST DR.NAJIB
Sir u r really a great teacher in world . Your lectures are very useful for all medical students
Thank you.
Thank you sir your lecture was awesome. ❤❤❤🙏🙏🙏🙏
Mashallah very wonderful explanation you make always difficult things into simpler 1 keep it up sir Allah bless you
Thank you for the blessed words.
U r the best teacher
Thank you sir..
Its very clear💕
You are evergreen sir❤️❤️❤️❤️
Best sr in universe
Great teaching
May u live with happy and prosperous life sir!! ❤️❤️
Thank you for your blessed words.
The best lecture ever on RUclips
Glad you loved it. Stay tuned ❤️
thankyou soo much sir 😊 it really helps a lot🤗
You r great sir🤗
Again thankyou soo much
lots of love from 🇳🇵❤️
Most welcome 😊
Awesome sir I am thank ful to you❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
Very much appreciate your efforts. Thank you Sir!
Thank you dear. Keep supporting my hard work. ❤️
Dr najeeb really u are a gift for Pakistan
I'm RN but I always enjoy your lecture. You are the best of best. Thank you so much 🙏🙏
That’s so nice of you. Students like you keep me going. More power to you. ❤️🔥
Really Awesome sir... . It's giving a real class room feeling
Glad to hear that. Thank you so much for your love and respect! ❤️
Sir your explanation is so better than other and you define all thing clearly .
Made my day! I'm glad that you found my lectures to be more valuable and easy to understand. Stay tuned and stay blessed. ❤️
i really love u man,,,u r like a dad figure for me ..thank u
Amazing teacher you are
The legendary teacher of world 🗺
Thank you for your love and support.
Payi laaagu guru g 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻...
Sir your way of explanation is too good.....A big thanks to you Sir....😊
Glad you loved it. ❤️
Please keep teaching us❤️🌙
Wonderful class....May God bless you abundantly....🙏 Thanks for teaching beautifullyy....
Thank you so much for the appreciation! Stay tuned ❤️
Loved this story of antibodies and antigens , both now appear almost two individuals :)
Glad you enjoyed watching this lecture and got to learn as well 🤗💗
Great love for Dr. Najeeb
May Allah bless you ♥️♥️♥️♥️
You are most welcome. Happy learning ❤️
Great and thanks sir g
It's very helpful to me. Thank you so much 🙏
Glad it was helpful. Stay tuned ❤️
Salute to you Professor Dr Najeeb. I do not understand my college's power point recorded video but your's videos are life saver. It's visual and easy to understand and if we understand then its easy to memorize. Thank you again Sir.
You are most welcome
Sir you are amazing 👏 .. Cristal clear concept 🙏
Thank you for your kind words❤️ Stay blessed❤️
Respected team of najeeb sir
Your lecture still world best lecture of medical education but now you should record again with New animation, diagram and with new concepts
All because of your love and support dear students! ❤️
Thanks for existing. ....
I love u...❤️❤️❤️
Love you too.
Sir, I am always copying ur style of teaching in my class. Salute ❤
Wow. Thank you for your love and support.
Awesome Sir Thank you a lot of love from india
Thank you for your love and support. Stay blessed. :)
well sir exellent lecture you dillivered each points with fully explained thank you so much
You are most welcome❤️ Keep supporting ❤️
You are superb in the world sir...
Thank you.
amazing sir g. keep growing worlds best teacher.
Thanks a lot. Keep supporting ❤️❤️
Great Sir g
Thank u sir
Our teacher 💝💝
Sir, u are leact and teaching method are very superb ,i blong frm pak ,I m 1st year mbbs student .
I have take lots of help frm your leactures,
Sir u have miss some leactures of embrylogy which are needed to all students,
Ok sir bundle of thanks frm pakistani
Students,
Dear, To watch the complete lectures on embryology, Please visit www.drnajeeblectures.com.
Yes sir video library is full of your leactures problem are solve,
Sir all pakistani🇵🇰🇵🇰 🇵🇰people love with U
@@MuhammadIbrahim-wk7ed apne sir k course ko 99 rupee m purchase kiya h kya
Mujhe kch lectures ni mil rhe the or without purchasing wo library k vedios opn ni ho rhe to mujhe purchase krna h to agr apne kiya ho to aap mujhe purchase krne k process bta do
Good evening dr
Excellent explanation sir.thanq so much
You're most welcome. Stay blessed ❤️
thank you dr , your explanation so intersting go ahead
You are most welcome! ❤️
What a beautifull method sir mashaAllah mashaAllah🤲🤲🤲
Thank you for your love and support ❤️
@@DoctorNajeeb
Sir your convencing power is mashaAllah very high
@@DoctorNajeeb
Thank you soo muchhhh sir for giving me such a great time 🤲🤲🤲
Sir wish you all the best of luck and keep remmber me in your special prayer 🤲🤲🤲
Thank u so much sir🙏helped me a lot ❤️
Glad to know that. Hope this helped you. Keep sharing your feedback.
🙏 Good evening Sir awesome presentation
Thank you.
Thankyou sir.. Lecture was too good.
Thank you for your appreciation! ❤️
You inspire and give a brief insight Sir. Thanks so much
I appreciate that!❤️
Making very very easy, u present this lecture. Thqnks a lot,sir
Glad to know that. Hope this helped you. Keep sharing your feedback.
@@DoctorNajeeb Thank you so much sir for ur reply♥️
sir , I am very very proud at you that every country students are getting lot of benefits from INHERENTLY PK-92 DOCTOR,,,I am high school student right now in PAKISTAN,but I have been watching your"s lectures since 2020 because of grandeur explanation.
Thank you for your love and support.
thank you so much ^-^
Your lectures are the best 👌 👍 thank your doc
Most welcome❤
Sir you are the bestest teacher
Thanks a lot, it makes my day to hear that. Happy learning.
Nice session
Sir you are amazing 😊
O m g... U r genius 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻 yr explanation is veryyyyyy veryyyyy clear👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻 ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️ I'm very much interested your lacture... 🎈🎈🎈
Thank you so much ❤️ Keep supporting❤️
god bless you doctor, you inspired me
Happy to hear that❤
Love you sir And long live sir
We have quite same topic in 12th.😄
Mashallah awesome 👍👍 I love ur teaching method sir
Thank you for your love.
@@DoctorNajeeb always welcome my ideal sir
Thnx
you are great sorry to say some are disliking
Sir u are osm
Love u SIR
Good evening sir
Thank you so much sir 🥰
You're welcome stay blessed. :)
Sir u are the best best best best...........................❤❤❤❤💖💖
Thanks alot.
good teacher thanks
You are welcome❤
May you live long my great sir
Becuse i follow your methodology
Thank you for your kind words❤️
@@DoctorNajeeb 🤲🤲🤲🤲🤲🤲🤲🤲🤲🤲🤲i have no word to explain your methodology very very best best mashaAllah
Good morning sir Iam watching this video at midnight 12:12.
ALLAH bless u sir ♥️🥰
Your teaching is the best👍💯
Glad you think so!
❤️❤️🙏Good morning sir,
Great to see Ur lecture,
Hope it cleared the concepts. Stay blessed. :)
@@DoctorNajeeb 🙏❤️❤️😘🙂 very happy to see Ur reply 1st time to me , thank you sir ,u r great
Thank u sir 🙏
Most welcome💓
Immune System_1
Antibodies(1)
24-06-2021 Morning
Thanks,Sir!
You're welcome stay blessed. :)
Mind blowing
Najeeb sir zindabad
Thank you so much for your love and support. Stay blessed :)
@@DoctorNajeeb Thank you sir
Welcome :)