ATOMIC HEART’s World-Changing Technology Explained
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- Опубликовано: 22 фев 2023
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ATOMIC HEART’s alternative Soviet past relies on a number of incredible scientific advancements, including the most important: “Cold Fusion.” This is the history of the most infamous experiments in all of science.
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*Thanks for watching!* Check out my first livestream of the game here. Come for the science and the design, stay for the extremely horny robots: ruclips.net/user/live5esiHrM8eMQ
@@Jan12700 for my own video?
@@Jan12700 Wut?
@@kylehill Prove it's not with science.
I usually absolutly love your video but... this game is financing terrorist regime. I politly ask you, as ukrainian, to not support and promote it.
@@user-pz2xc7ig7o I haven't seen any actual evidence that the game is directly financing anything. We just raised $50,000 for a charity that operates in Ukraine, so I hope you know where I stand, and that if there was strong evidence this game was supporting the war effort I would not support it.
You know a game is “revolutionary” when it’s even got Kyle down bad. He already has a robot waifu as is.
He now has an idea for a robotic chassis for his existing wAIfu
@@artificerdrachen6908 a wireless humanoid terminal for ARIA 🤔
@@sekarmaltum1695 “humanoid” all the way
Wireless ARIA Intelligently Functional Unit, W.A.I.F.U
I still can't get over how the millennial/gen-z slang for "horny", is also a direct reference to kinky pet play. Think about it. "Down, Bad!" That's some shit you'd say to your dog lol
Or as Einstein said, _"No amount of experimentation can ever prove me right; a single experiment can prove me wrong."_
If I cut off a newborns head it dies. Checkmate Einstein.
He actually said that?
@@azazel8700 Don't know, but would make sense as that is how it works.
@@azazel8700 Yes, he did. He was referring to his theories of General Relativity & Special Relativity at the time, as far as I know.
@@azazel8700 "don't trust quotes you find on the internet" -Abraham Lincoln
Cold fusion seems like the perpetual motion machine of nuclear physics.
Exactly my thoughts as well.
nah. cold fusion is at least theoretically possible. perpetual motion cant even claim that limited success as its in direct violation of the laws of thermodynamics
@@Skywatcher16 Let's agree to disagree.
@@Skywatcher16 I would argue that cold fusion breaks laws as well. What forces are present to overcome the protons pushing back at such low pressures and temperatures? You need both to force protons together. The protons do not go together easily and even pressure alone is almost impossible to force fusion if the atoms are not carrying any momentum.
@@NandR Pressure and Gravity was how stars were formed and started nuclear fusion in the first place. We are in no position to claim one way or the other if Cold Fusion is possible.
Kyle thirsting over the twins is one of the best bits of comedy in his videos
:3 who says it was a joke. robo babes are the future my dear man
@Nate Higgers The irony of your comment with that username is not lost on me. Maybe it is on you.
Yeah, comedy...
@Nate Higgers perhaps you would like a lawyer for your defense sir
@Nate Higgers Слава России
the devs knew exactly what they were unleashing with the twin's design
Look up "all is full of love" by Bjork.
I feel some inspiration may have come from here.
But also, as an artist, its just pleasing to draw female figures in general. I draw the figure pretty much nude first to get the size and shapes right then put on clothes, so for the most part, its a simplification of that process, making the clothes skin tight. I only say this because a lot of NON-ARTIST say ads and movies and videogames show unrealistic figures and I'm like "yeah the concept art was done free hand and they used the most pleasing shapes and angles...of course its not 'realistic' "... or if they did use a live model, they tend to want to be fit since they are being seen by people.
@@jameseddleman6944 huge number of people who model aren't "fit" and that's just as good. For example, old fat people make for great models, just not as a starting shape for today's hot videogame robots.
@@filipsperl k but thats not my point.
They knew, cause they werent in the game originally and were added in the last few months to generate media attention and frankly its kinda gross.
@@InsomniacDoggo kinda smart
Kyle, give ARIA an upgrade!
Please don't peep other Robots, it'll break her Atomic Heart. 🥺
OH YES
Ahhh I see what you did there.
If her atomic heart is made of uranium, that would be a very bad thing to break all at once
If you've seen Aria's "doner body", you'd know she doesnt need an upgrade 👀💦
@@InsomniacDoggo Oh, I'm unfamiliar.
And if Aria already has the Donor Body, why is Kyle still peeping at the Robot Ladies?
According to fallout lore even for them fusion both hot and cold was still in its infancy. The largest fusion corporation in the game was literally a fission company lying about themselve having discovered it. Everything in the game that has fusion in the name is actually just fission. Its my favorite secret in the game.
Yea, but the small reactors in cars and stuff, it makes more plausible sense if it's fusion or salted fission reactors. Still the smallest reactor we've built is the size of a truck trailer. But yes everything could run on Thorium, though then there would be no explosions, as Thorium reactors can't blow up, they can do a meltdown, but it would be pretty much that, the reactor melting and some Thorium and Bohrium and Beryllium salt leaking unto the ground and the fission would stop, leaving you with some radioactive and toxic waste. The same kinda applies to fusion, if there was suddenly a hole on the container, all the trapped fuel would simply just escape out of the container as harmless plasma, that would quickly cool down and become gas. But if Fallout followed physics, what fun would that be?
cold fusion is discovered in the year 2077, not the best year my friend, just they didnt get it in time.
@@DuckAllMighty Wouldn't the plasma rapidly cool down into hot gas and then expand rapidly?
@@electronicmayonnaise5692 actually it wouldnt at least not enough to nothing
the pressure inside is insane i think to even when cooling the pressure would still make it a "cold" explosion
That isn’t entirely true. The Fusion Core is indeed power by fusion.
So that's why Iron Man 1 and 2 mention Palladium as the core of the Arc Reactor; it's cold fusion reactor!
Yes
That feels kind of excessive considering it just needs to keep some shrapnel out of his heart!
@@vsGoliath96 "That can run your heart for 50 lifetimes"
"or run something big for 50 minutes"
I think in the tied in comics he just created artificial vibranium that constantly vibrated for his second reactor
Built IN A CAVE!! With a BOX OF SCRAPS!!!
Atomic Heart is one of those games that's very hard to play because you can only use one hand.
🤔
@@kylehill 😳
👀
@@_neophyte you don't need to be original to be funny
Indeed
So Aria either controls the blast doors all the time, or is capable of overriding them at will. I think we all assumed as much, but it's nice to see it established as canon. I wonder what safeguards are in place to keep her from ever going full Halo 5 Cortana.
Clearly it's Kyle's undying love.
"Open the blast doors, Aria."
"I'm sorry, Kyle, I'm afraid I can't do that."
@@Ostsol Daisy Daisy give me your answer due
Mad scientists don't have "safeguards" lol
0: Acomplish your objectives at all costs
Can we take a moment to appreciate Kyle is morphing into Jason Momoa
fr tho
"Jason Momoa out of the corner of your eye," even.
He's gone past the Thor phase and is ending up in the Hawaiian swimsuit model area!
Have we ever seen them in the same room?
MY MAN !!!!!!!!
You ever notice how the first person to discover something doesn't make any money off of it because they can't explain the new thing that is, up until now, unexplainable? Thanks for the video, Kyle. Great video, as always
Yet patent squatters today get successfully granted patents just for writing down vague concepts.
@@mzaite Atleast for that they still need to do some research.
Most Patent nowadays is just If A goes Through B, it's so fucking simple to replicate at that point you probably think that many people can and will do it and yet they fucking patented the fuck out of it.
like what? do you have any examples?
@@almicc how about the one in the fucking video that I'm clearly referencing, which you obviously didn't watch
@@penitentman7139 You should consider getting out of the youtube comments if you can't answer a basic question correctly without insulting someone. I did watch the video. No discoveries of tech were made that the discoverer made no money from, in this video. I asked you to name one example. Cold fusion is not an example, no original discovery was hijacked by some other person who made money.
You straight up said something quite unrelated to the video with no example at all.
Kyle wanting to do a little fusion with the twins...
Cold, or hot?
Like everybody. 😁
They have no mouths
@@moisturisedgnome1181 they have no mouth but thats not stopping me from making them (s)cream
@@syliic934 i agree with the gnome, they active horny and danger/uncanny neurons simutaeously and it's a rather weird unsettling feeling looking at them.
I think it's worth pointing out that Cold Fusion is actually real ( though not practical. ) The one I really know of is Muon Catalyzed Fusion. One of the main things separating this from the scam ones, is it actually had a theoretical basis first ( 1950 ). This was then put into practice over the following years. Essentially it involves creating Muons ( super heavy version of an electron ) and introducing them into Hydrogen fuel. Due to their mass, the Muons sit much closer into the nucleus, allowing the atoms to get closer and fuse at very low temps, even below room temperature. Much like it can replace an electron, an electron can replace it, so the muon moves around from atom to atom, allowing fusion to continue.
This was the one that really kicked off the Cold Fusion rush, as it was clearly proven and real, it just used far more power than it consumed. However, it had 3 clear major inefficiencies ( Muons decay in a very short amount of time, are very energy expensive to create, and they can get "stuck" to an alpha particle and stop transferring around. ), so many people thought we would simply solve 2 or more of these problems. Unfortunately, only small improvements have ever been made, leaving it stuck quite far from power generation.
Thankfully hot fusion has been making steady and sizable progress since then, so it's looking quite viable. I still worry if it will actually happen at scale, but as briefly alluded to by Kyle, it is the current ONLY future power generation technology. If fusion does not work, we might very well be stuck where we are.
I do not think that fits the definition of true cold fusion. You need the protons to join and form a new element to release the equivalent amount of energy. If the Muon is that easily used then it shows that it won't produce much energy. It's like pushing large stones up a hill to harness their energy when they fall down a much larger slope on the other side. A larger stone will have more resistance but will release more energy once it gets over the peak and rolls down the hill.
Hanging out for the day when muon catalised cold fusion will be a goer when we find a way to produce copious amounts of muons cheaply and efficiently. Not holding my breath.
@@NandR It isn't fusing the muons, it's fusing the hydrogen. The muons are just a catalyst. They help facilitate the reaction, but are not consumed in it.
The energy given out is the exact same.
@@platorocks842 Indeed. It's still possible in theory, but highly unlikely at this point. If we could expect a potential improvement on the scale needed to make it worthwhile, we would have expected more progress than has been made so far.
It's sad, but it appears that's the way it is.
perhaps some day we will find some exotic particle to replace the muons
Just imagine an episode where Chris Hemsworth plays Kyle. Like 💯 percent straight, the exact script Kyle would read, with all the mad scientist bits and an off brand Thor reference🤣
except i want him to say the REAL thor, and wink at the camera, while a kyle hill "noooooo" goes on softly in the background
I remember when someone claimed to have cracked cold fusion around the turn of the millenium and even got the paper through initial peer review. Bonkers stuff.
I love your jokes, don't stop making them.
He gets the right amount.
95% science 5% jokes.
Please bless us with your hair routine King Kyle 😭❤️
OK so the first thing you do is [REDACTED]
@@kylehill oh so you mean [REDACTED]
followed by [REDACTED]
I remember something from the Lizzie McGuire show when that guy with the good hair gave his secret tip, "you know on the back of the shampoo bottle it says repeat as necessary? I don't."
Make sure your dad isn't bald and you're good.
@@trippybruh1592 fuck
I was also kinda hoping you would explain how cold fusion is relevant to the world of Atomic Heart, how it differs from reality & what they were able to create from it
We only solve practical problems here.
I haven't had the chance to get too far into atomic heart yet so there could be something in the game that contradicts this but my guess is that the answer to your question mostly comes down to it being essentially a free source of basically unlimited energy that you can use to power whatever kind of robot or device you want and the fact that making something like that would make you so rich that you basically have infinite resources and you can hire effectively a small countries worth of scientists and engineers.
Cold fusion is impossible. Not because there may not be some new science out there that would allow for it, but because the number of assissins from big oil and coal and various governments that profit from it would make your life a John Wick movie real quick.
True
Unless the new cold fusion fuel is scarce enough to make greedy men go bonkers yet abundant enough to find that it's "easy" to do and expand their business empire. Like oil and gas. And in the foreseeable future, lithium might be next.
No... It's just really not possible. The atmospheric pressure at the core of planet Jupiter isn't enough to generate fusion (otherwise, Jupiter would be a star). It's really just absurd. Even hot fusion is probably absurd (not that it's impossible. It's been experimentally done many times. it's just very unlikely that it can become a source of energy, because it's unlikely you will ever need less energy to make it happen than the energy the process releases. You need to put in orders of magnitude more energy than what is released).
There’s certainly a short sighted incentive for power industries to fight a discovery like this, however any country that claims the citizens who discover it would be without question the most powerful country in the world, so I disagree that governments would ever want to stop the creation of cold fusion. It would be too valuable to their GDP
welcome to america , piece of shit is everywhere
Can anyone explain the Hutchinson Effect? Or maybe get Kyle's attention so he'll do a debunk episode on it?
Considering the number of search results for that term that involve the Bermuda Triangle, 9/11, and anti-gravity, not to mention that what little information I could find about the man in question leans HEAVILY towards what might be charitably described as “fringe science,” I’m going to go out on a limb here and hypothesize that the “self-taught scientist” in question is either a charlatan, a loon, a crank, or some permutation thereof, and that his claims should be treated as such.
Edit: found an article about him on, surprise, RationalWiki. And he’s even more of a charlatan/loon than I first suspected. Claims of physically impossible phenomena while attempting to recreate Tesla’s experiments? Check. Unable to replicate said effects? Check. Numerous examples of faked footage, which he apparently sold at a substantial profit? Check and double check. Oh, and the icing on this bullshit cake? The reason he claims for being unable to replicate the effects? The U.S. government appropriated/stole/destroyed his work, and then used it to do 9/11. I literally could not make this shit up if I tried.
In short, he’s a delusional charlatan, and his claims have zero basis in reality, as NASA’s own propulsion engineers firmly concluded decades ago.
Can you briefly explain it to me? I could Wikipedia it, but I'd like your explanation.
The Hutchison effect is very simply explained. It´s a fake para-scientific phenomenon. There, that´s it. Thank me later
Oh! Nice. Kyle would eventually explain the "physics" of domi mommy robot twins.
Lady Dimitrescu the sequel
Yeah, as soon as I saw these two, my first thought was "It's gonna be that Resident Evil giant vampire lady all over again." I never actually got to play the game, though, so I couldn't remember her name. 😅
Since these, erm, ladies aren't human and don't have "bounce," I wonder if they have sensors underneath their shells... at certain points on the chassis.
@@Gyrfalcon312 definitely, they are uhmm.. "assistant" droids so they ought to have a sensory array to uhmm.. gather information to "assist better".
Oh lord. When modders get a hold of this game...
Hell yeah!
2023.... a year to cash in on the simps
Cold fusion is like the search for the philospher's stone.
And tbh long term I feel like fusion and antimatter batteries will be used hand in hand as at some point those will be the smallest options for the power output and storage
Now let's get hot fusion to work efficiently first, then we might start looking into cold fusion, and if there's really any practical way of doing it. Now for antimatter, the biggest issue we have, is producing and keeping anti-atoms. We can fairly easy produce large quantities of anti-protons, anti-neutrons and anti-electrons, the issue occurs, when we put it together to produce anti-atoms. They need to be kept in a vacuum in a magnetic field, not something, that's easy to do and come by, and something that's outright impossible with current tech in a small container like a handheld battery. Antimatter are actually used for real life purposes, there's a fairly easy way to discover cancer with the help of anti-protons for example.
@@DuckAllMighty oh absolutely efficient hot fusion is the current goal, this is more a projection of the far flung future where kilograms of antimatter can be stored in something perhaps the size of a tanker truck or small building, perhaps by using energy to generate, separate and store antimatter and matter pairs, obvious losses will be in play with that sort of system, but the energy storage will be tremendous, with fusion generating the energy to generate power and fill that storage, the losses hopefully small enough to make the storage worthwhile. At the moment it's little more than science fiction and wistful projections of the future, but it currently seems like it will be the most spacially efficient method for a high level energy production and storage
Look into beta-voltaic batteries!
I've seen so much Twitter...art of the Robot Twins and just now found out they're from this game. NIce.
I've heard that research and experimentation into 'hot fusion' has made significant progress, maybe once we perfect that one we can eventually optimize our way to cold fusion.
Yes, in fact just last year they announced an improvement from 0.0017% efficacy to 0.04% efficacy. We're so, so close.
@@matthewlofton8465 I don't understand energy efficiency very well. is 0.04% good or really bad and you're using sarcasm?
@@liamoliver5848 In terms of progress made compared to the past rates, it's _very_ good.
@@liamoliver5848 so 0.04% is approx. 23.53X higher then 0.0017%, meaning the energy gained from the fusion reaction is almost 24 time higher then it was before. so that is like a what, 183% increase? im not sure of any good examples to give.
edit. i might just be really bad at math or my understanding over percentile increase and whole number increase is really wrong, but 23.53X higher and 183% isn't at all right, right?
@@liamoliver5848 It's a big improvement but we're still very far away from actually using it as an energy source.
I know that I use my _General Motors 300 ExtraLight Fusion Reactor_ to power my _MAD-5D Marauder,_ and it provides enough power to get it running up to 64.8 km/h, launch all four of its _Swingline X-1000 Jump Jets,_ and fire both of its _Defiance 1001 Extended Range Particle Projection Cannon_ *and* it's _Sutel Precision Line Large Pulse Laser_ and dual _Medium Pulse Lasers._ (I never bother with the _Federated SuperStreak 2-Tube Short Range Missile Launcher,_ though; complete waste of space and tonnage.) And all I need to fuel it is some water, using its built-in electrolysis unit to extract protium molecules... and in a pinch I can even just pee into it.
general motors? yikes, the last company id want to build me a fusion reactor. you're lucky it didnt blow you up yet!
Hey Kyle! Love the show. Been following you since the before times. Just had a great idea for a video. Random number generators in computing. The difference between pseudorandom and true random number generators and how scientists actually generate random numbers for their experiments. A lot of people believe in this myth that there is no such thing as true random in computers but that is absolutely false. Also just getting into the idea of randomness used in science would be cool too. Keep up the great work, the great hair, and the fabulous beard!
Oh my! Thanks Kyle, you have taught me so much! I want to play a game of magic with you and learn about so much more :)
There are 2 types of Kyle:
1] drooling over robot mommies
2] making the worst puns in history
I learned a lot today. Thank you, Kyle Hill.
I remember how learning about cold fusion in school was the thing that got me into trying to study Physics…
And much like cold fusion, the initial reaction could not be replicated and I eventually gave up…
I could definitely be wrong here, but I seem to remember a video from Minutephysics discussing a similar topic, Muon-assisted cold fusion. I'd be very interested in a video from you discussing it as well
that exists and it is even energy positive if you ignore the cost of producing muons. But the cost of muons eats up the energy produced by several orders of magnitude, and there is no known mechanism(even theoretically) to produce them with less energy.
That metal hands joke with the Austin powers walk off is legendary and worth pointing out. Big ups.
Most important thing I've learned here is, while I am a total sucker for milkmaid braids & dig chrome curves (@ least on a vehicle), turns out I'm more of a "has face guy". Who knew?
I think cold fusion at room temperature is asking for too much, but reducing to something below 700 celcius could definitely help reducing the problems with fusion
Cold Fusion, I love that channel. Dagogo puts out great videos.
The door close at 11:10 was so passive aggressive lol
I feel like the real star of Atomic Heart is the robot fridge save point thingy. I mean she is a ravenous thirster embodied into a claw fetish fridge machine thingy.
Would you explain the technology in Simon Stalenhags art? Those floating vehicles and towers etc
I wanted to be a science advisor for him but it didn't work out
@@kylehill oh wow, i didnt know that
You should do one on transporters and where sci Fi author Larry Niven took the implications
10:00 Feynman and Jacque Fresco are two of the most valuable people i've had the privilage to learn from on youtube. I get hyped up every time i see them mentioned somewhere.
"Cold Fusion" used to refer to a known phenomenon now called Muon Catalyzed Fusion. This version requires cryogenic conditions, and frequent replacement of muons, but does experimentally work. It just doesn't produce nearly as much energy as is needed to maintain.
ARIA is really upset about the Twins hitting on you, I would be careful If I was you Kyle...
Those of us that grew up with MST3K appreciate the your turbulent relationship with Aria
As a toddler I loved that show. Did not understand a single thing happening with the characters or the movies playing, but I loved it! Same with Tales From The Crypt and Twin Peaks.
I really love the effort and personality you put in your videos man. Quite underrated in my opinion
I always thought gaining the cold fusion reactor in the SIMSCITY game was so cool looking and very futuristic with the purple/blue light that it shone when you pressed it
"cold fusion" is also used in the Battle Tech universe I think, such as to power battlemechs.
Battletech uses regular hot fusion, not cold fusion.
The main difference, from modern fusion attempts in the real world, is that they primarily use a special type of 'light' hydrogen fuel they call 'protium' (unlike heavier isotypes such as deuterium).
If i were to make a meguffin to make cold fusion possible, it would be some radioactive material which underwent a weird form of beta decay emitting a relativistic muon instead of an electron. You could then have the muon be used for muon catalysed cold fusion (which could theoretically work, its just that to make muons you need to make pions, and to make pions you have to use beefy particle smashers so you're NEVER gunna get anywhere near a net energy positive).
But for a story meguffin, it gets you within spitting distance.
I am gonna use that for research for a future scifi book I might write in like 10 years lol. I will be sure to credit you in case I use it.
Wut?
I like your wacky mouth jazz science man!
Why is there no Tick emoji?
@@mzaite I don't even know if I exist, how could RUclips verify me? :p
Those Feynman lectures are pure gold. The man was a joy to listen to
I imagine there would be a ton of balloons everywhere that we would use for everything , any small event or decoration, and other floating decorations, because of how much helium we would end up with
a hybrid "lukewarm" fusion might work. paladium charged with muons and a magnetic field around that to confine hydrogen.
it could catalize fusion, but would probably take more energy than you get out of it.
I don’t think it’d work. My understanding is that the limiter of MCF is the muons get trapped orbiting the product helium too often meaning they’d still sap energy
@@user-jf7kt4vr7v a laser at the specific wavelenght of helium (or even muon helium if its has a shifted wavelenght) could break the bond.
that will likely cost more energy than the freed muon is worth though.
The most unbelievable part is that technology for such energy abundance would actually change the Russian absolutist society from being absolutist.
I love watching those old Feynman lectures.
He has such amazing stage presence. Especially for someone who never did any real performing work outside of a bongo drum circle.
Correctlion: cold fusion has been achieve at room temperature using Muons as catalyst. Still the energy release is lower than the energy need to produce the Muons, making it non feasible method to extract useful energy (with current theories and technical approach)
The world of Atomic Heart is like a ‘Light Side’ version of the Cyberpunk timeline. A world where at the end of WW2 technology got a head start but without the Evil Tech Companies taking over the world.
So basically a world without the British or Americans
@@paxtoncargill4661 blah
@@paxtoncargill4661
Ha. Without the British and Americans the world would still be living in mud huts.
@@MrNote-lz7lh without the Americans, England would be Germany
I mean look at China now tho they produce most of the products, own tiktok and this new Temu thing that's getting advertised everywhere 😂 they are doing the same
Not gonna lie this video made me want to buy the game.....for the science of course lol
His commitment to the bit *was awesome*
that last joke was absolutely fabulously crafted.
We all know that the devs knew exactly what they were doing when they made the twins
Kyle is what you would get if Reed Richards swapped bodies with Thor, lol.
You just spoiled phase 7!
@@mzaite Lol, sorry. I'm from the future and forgot you haven't made it that far.
I always wish we could see the data behind the Rossi E-Cat
Really love the knowledge I get from your channel
I have no idea what Atomic Heart is but this was super neat
A new FPS Video game based in an alternate history version of Russia with a robot uprising looks pretty epic
a soviet-era game mainly based around two hot robot ballerinas with jiggle physics slitting their stomachs open to remove a key / killing you in the horniest way possible, with the occasional intervention of an excessively horny fridge trying to rape you in the saferoom
in conclusion, quite horny
i love the content! keep up the good quality kyle :)
Ahh cold fusion
Any one remember the movie "The Saint" with Val kilmer?
Your outros are always the best
Game was amazing, glad you're covering it
A Sci-Fi energy source that might turn out to work in the real world; Zero point energy.
I would love to hear what you think about the approach they are using.
The approach who is using?
That's not an energy source. It's an energy teleporter.
@@johnbash-on-ger
Some scientist was able to teleport energy by quantum entanglement.
@@MrNote-lz7lh Sounds interesting, would you happen to have any links with non-paywalled information to that research?
Why zero point energy but not ambient thermal energy / maxwell demons?
That upgrade fridge had me feeling some kinda way...
Cold fusion is one of my favorites RUclips Chanel!
No nuclear waste? That really depends on the type of fusion you're talking about (i.e. the type of fuel you're using). For almost all types of fusion currently being considered, primarily D-T fusion, you're going to be producing A LOT of free neutrons as part of the fusion process. You can't really contain neutrons with a magnetic field, so they go on to blast the insides of your fusion reactor vessel, with many of them getting absorbed by the atoms in the vessel wall, activating them and making them fairly radioactive. Of course, I believe most of that material won't be radioactive for long periods, taking maybe a century or two to loose its radioactivity.
You don't get that level of activation with fission reactors, though, as the water in a fission reactor serves as a very effective shield between the fuel rods and the reactor vessel walls, preventing many of the neutrons from even reaching the reactor walls. Additionally, fission neutrons carry 7X less energy than the neutrons produced from fusion, which increases the nuclear cross section and makes it even less likely for the fission neutrons to penetrate a given level of shielding (i.e. faster/higher energy neutrons have smaller nuclear cross sections and so will go farther/deeper into other materials before interacting with something).
So, nuclear fusion DOES create radioactive waste, but which should only lasts a couple hundred years. HOWEVER, if you exclude unfissioned uranium and transuranics (which are ACTUALLY unfissioned fuel which we ONLY considering as waste for POLITICAL reasons), fission reactors also produce waste that will mostly be gone in a few centuries. Fission will produce some activated materials just like fusion does, but fission will also produce fission products, which are SUPER DUPER radioactive. However, radioactivity and nuclear half-life are generally inversely proportional, such that the more radioactive something is the shorter its half-life. From the time you pull a spent fuel bundle from a fission reactor, 99.9%+ of the radioactivity of that spent fuel will be gone in around 20 years. That fuel will still be dangerously radioactive beyond 20 years, but mostly due to the presence of Cs-137 and Sr-90, both of which have half-lives of ~30 years (and so require ~200 years (7 half-lives) to reach background radiation levels and ~300 years (10 half-lives) to almost completely decay away). I can't speak to the relative amount of activated materials produced by a fission reactor, but I can speak to the amount of fission products you'll have to deal with for longer than it takes a baby to reach drinking age (in the US)).
A 1 GW nuclear plant will use 27.6 Mt of fuel over a year, of which 96% to 97% is made up of unburned fuel and only 3% to 4% will be fission products. The fission products that will be a concern for longer than a couple decades are primarily just Cs-137 & Sr-90, which combined only make up ~12% of likely fission products, or 0.36% to 0.48% of spent nuclear fuel. That means, out of that 27.6 Mt of fuel waste produced every year, you're only producing 99.4 to 132.5 kg of waste per year which has to be stored for a couple hundred years. AND REMEMBER, Cs-137 & Sr-90 have half-lives of 30 years, so the material you're storing is always declining, falling by half every 30 years. ALSO, Sr-90 is a beta emitter (meaning it produces radiation in the form of electricity), so you can use that to produce radio-electric batteries that will produce steady but slightly declining electric current for a very long time.
Okay green peace
@@moritakaishida7963 Not sure what you mean
Aria: Overly chatty, moody, doesn't take Orders. Shape follows function.
L&R: Mute, no emotions, obeys, PERFECT DESIGN!!!
But a cold heart.
1:40 there are actually higher efficiency theoretical processes, but they would require something like a black hole. Also, all energy producing processes have direct matter to energy conversions. Another thing is that we usually use a deuterium tritium solution where only deuterium is found on earth naturally. Tritium is usually a byproduct of fission.
I haven’t watched kyles videos since 2018 coming back I see he’s Thor more now than ever
The implication that an AI would demand monogamy surprises me every time I come across it
Well, the nuclear family is the perfect balance of "high reproductive rate" and "increased ability to raise effective offspring"
Polygamy may have the high birth rate, But tend to be toxic environments for children due to all the familial drama having multiple wives can cause. Hence why countries with extremely polygamous cultures tend to have higher crime rates ie: the third world.
Likewise, communities that encourage men and women to sleep around while showing loyalty to none of there partners, ironically, produces a society where the birthrate is abysmal yet still somewhat stable, ie: current western and Japanese culture. There's a simple solution to this one: dial back on the hypersexualization of both cultures. However, that still won't be enough to increase the birthrate of both cultures to counter the d*athrate, in other words, to become "above replacement level" to do that, marriage must be encouraged and divorce discouraged (except in some cases)..... in other words, the nuclear family.
Sorry for the rant lol
@@mykalkelley8315 how is any of that relevant to an AI that can't reproduce or have any of the factors you're describing
@@mykalkelley8315 Your rhetoric means nothings in the means of patriarchal society to adhere to this standards yet break them for denying the bad apples (Prostitution, Fornication, deviant gender.)
Here for the sexy robo-twins. And for science, of course
He always says he is a dollar store Thor, but he looks closer to Baldur from the GOW4.
Hey Kyle, I love your videos. I was thinking about the Expanse, just started episode 1, and I was wondering if we could get a video on O’Niell Cylinders. I’d seen them in Mobile Suit Gundam and was wondering about how plausible they truly were.
I wish you hadn't done this free ad for a Russian made game that will support the war crimes in Ukraine. Big fan, love your channel.
Not only supports. This game is directly sponsored by the government, it is designed deliberately to present the values that the government cherishes. The ones that lead to a culture that bombed Mariupol
Their headquarters are in Cyprus. Just because they have offices in Russia does not make them supports Putins war.
And to whoever replied below just because the russian government decides to use the company and game as propadanga does not make them sponsors of the game. Where are you getting this information from?
It's very clearly a game with entertainment in mind front and center. With a few political jabs at current events and a heavyhanded mockery of communism.
@@LordZordid Yeah, "Cyprus"... Despite 80% of the staff from Russia, all the head management stuff working in Russia, main financial resourses from Russia and so on. Man, did you read at least anything on them?
Also, anybody who still has office in Russia is supporting terrorism. There are no middle grounds at the moment
@@sirlight4954 You can't just uproot everything. It takes time. And i'm sure the developers and primary investment company (even though it's funded by russian capitalists) would like nothing more than to get away. Probably the reason why they officially made their headquarters in Cypres in 2022 and are making a big deal out of being an international company. I'm sensing nothing nefarious.
But I agree in regards to Russia and it's war on Ukraine that we are beginning to near a point where we should consider harder sanctions.
@@LordZordid Please read more on the company. They are supporting this war and have no desire to leave Russia. They are claiming to be "international" specifically to promote Russian agenda to the civilized world
Kyle reminds me of Wilhelm from Borderlands.
"I like steak and robots, I wanna be a robot." And I can cur that this is the case!
Suppose you had cold fusion in a bottle. How would you make electricity out of it?
Traditionally, we use the heat of some/any energetic reaction to boil water and spin a turbine of an induction generator, with the high-pressure steam it produces. That wouldn't be an option with a room temperature reaction.
Shhh🤫. We don’t talk about that here. Plus, it would still technically be possible if you used these devices like nuclear light sticks, and stuck radiovoltaics around them (assuming they worked which they don’t). The real question to ask is, what is ‘temperature’ here?
Sad to see Kyle Hill go in the same category as Alex Ovechkin. "Involuntary Putin Sympathizers"
Kyle probably doesn't have any family in immediate danger though. So your guess is as good as mine as to why he is supporting the other side of the war now.
Kinda feel sick after reading the eurogamer article on this game. For what it's worth I think I would rather miss out on a cool looking experience after learning the designers decided to put in those sexulized robots' while releasing it on the anniverssary of the Ukraine war. The only defining attribute with those sexualized robots shares the likeness of a political figure. Too many coincidences for my palate. Cool video on the cold fusion though.
Wut??don'tcha think these were just coincidences?
Like,i know,quite a lot of coincidences,but maybe these are just that,coincidences
I had no idea there were experiments in fusion back in the 20s. Wild.
Deuterium + Tritium + muon = legit real world cold fusion. Confirmed many times by different researches since 1950-ies.
There are couple of nuances however...
Also, there was in idea that regarding infamous experiment with palladium rods, it were some chemical imperfections in these rods that caused hydrogen to squeeze just a little bit more which was enough to start occasional fusion reaction. So this case is not completely cold either.
I like Kyle’s work but I’m not a fan of this game considering the news that explained how the Atomic Heart developers are connected to the Russian Government. I hope there’s a comment on this somewhere.
Literally every other comment is parroting that bullshit. Every game is connected to their country of origin in some way. This doesn't mean they are giving money to Russia
By that logic, fallout and CoD is supporting American imperialism and interventionism.
@@gnas1897 yeah,like,this guy need to chill out,just because the devs are russian and the game happens in Russia doesn't mean that it backs that war
Finally something about Atomic Heart without politics
The concept is interesting enough
I laughed sooo hard at this lol. I was thinking the same thing!
Goes from Thor (Chris Hemsworth) to Aquaman (Jason Momoa)
I'm really shocked you didn't talk about any of the really cool stuff going on right now with fusion. Another Video maybe?
As much time as you spent in Ukraine I'd think you'd be hesitant to give any shine to a game funded by Gazprom and the Kremlin.
Once you say that you support Ukraine, and now you promote a game that is pro-russian, pro-war and many people associated with it are against Ukraine. Not cool!
You really can just audition to be Thor is Chris decides to quit.
1:43 quick correction, 7% mass to energy conversion, on average.
Well, seems a lot of people do not understand why "pro-russian game made by russians" is a bad thing, so let me explain a bit.
Fistly, the game is obviously made by russian team, who'se offices were in russia, and they are still in russia and still paying taxes. Pretending that they are from Cyprus and not connected to russia at all, but they have only a fictive digital office in Cyprus, and the fact that they are all russians is easily checkable on linkedin. "And so what" will you say, "they just made the game and nothing to do with the war, it's okay thing to do to avoid sanctions". Well, not exactly. Imperialism, racism, "dominance over other tribes", and nostalgia about ussr are deep in russian culture. Besides there's strong evidences that the game was ordered and sponsored by government, via the Gasprom company - the biggest oil giant in russia where majority of owners have government positions.
Needless to say, war in Ukraine and other countries around russia (what a surprise) is not other but a attempt to "reunite the big and great ussr".
"So what's wrong with atomic heart lore? Wolfenstein uses German nazi setting and lot of other games do too and it's okay".
Well yes, but not exactly. In most of that games nazi dictatorship is always shown as a bad thing, and you are either playing against them, or not and eventually end bad or have some kind of consiquences or moral.
In this game ussr is shown like a good thing, with cool technology, innovations, ideas like "soviet would be great place today if it still existed" and all that kind of praising. Damn, you are playing as a "good kgb agent". Do you know what is kgb? No, it's not like csi, it's more like mind police in Orwell. This structure was spying on their own people, and was arresting everyone who was a tiniest bit not agreed with the government position. And then tortured them and killing, or even worse - sending for exile to syberia or other extreme regions, where forced people to work like slaves with no rights and care. Of course most of arrested were dying in suffer in the process, and they were millions, and that's only official.
Soviet union never were a good place to live. Brainwashing, repressions, hunger, crysis, poor life and destruction.
Ukraine especially hates it because of event called "holodomor". Government created an artificial hunger in order to genocide the entire region. They forcefully confiscated all the crops and animals from the people, killing and arresting everyone who were against it in the process. And then they just sold them abroad as a payment for foreign factories. More than that, when Europe found out that Ukrainians are starving, moscow was in denial of that and was blocking humanitarian help.
And the most hilarious thing of all, is that when a huge region almost died out (Donbas region by the way, yes that exactly) - russian simply migrated other russians there, and they started to live in the dead people's houses like nothing freaking happened. This is the face of russian utopia.
For entire soviet history, russians showed their "big brother" dominant state, constantly neglected other nations, forbidden their languages and cultures. That's why everyone on post ussr hated it
And now russians are sinning that old songs about "great union" again and trying to conquer other countries to rebuild their empire, while throwing their propaganda and disinformation all ower the place.
And a lot of people are okay with that and don't now what's the problem
Don't care + the game looks fun and sick + still buying it
Hmmmm.
The USSR was, first of all one of the most advanced societies and it saw big migration towards it before the cold war. Yes, there were repressions (as there are with any state that has just come out of civil war) and there were famines, but you have to remember that the holodomor was the last famine, the USSR literally ended the frequently occurring famines of the Russian empire.
And no, the KGB wasn't mind police. All citizens knew it existed and under Brezhnev in particular, joking about it and the government was very common.
And Soviet nostalgia isn't a thing in just Russia. It exists in large numbers among Belarusians, Kazakhs, Georgians, Azeris, Armenians, Moldovans, Turkmens, Tajiks, parts of Ukraine and a big part of the black sea Greek community.
And if the USSR was so bad then why would there be such nostalgia about it
And also it's just a game lmao 🤣.
I feel bad for the game developers of atomic heart. Zelensky wants the game banned. As a game developer, leave us artists alone. We don't have anything to do with global politics. Support atomic heart if you like the game.
Hey, Kyle. I was wondering if you could do a sort of follow-up on this and talk to peeps about hot fusion, and maybe why fallout's achievements with it are so cool? Alternatively, I recently heard that scientists recently achieved fusion with "more energy output than was used to create fusion," but I and others never really heard much about it afterwards, or understood why that was such a massive breakthrough. After all, I thought we already had the means to do that with any other nuclear power plant?
I'd love to learn more about either subject if you could.
Just a thought. Cheers!
As Kyle explains at the end, when he said those two scientists recreated "cold fusion" and how protons were being released even i, someone who is novice at chemistry knew if it they were telling the truth they would have been heavily dosed in rads
You know mundfish are collecting data of everyone who has the game and giving it do russia government.
You own a phone. They already have your info lol.