How Plants Caused the First Mass Extinction
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- Опубликовано: 6 май 2024
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Check out Journey to the Microcosmos: / microcosmos
In the middle of the Cambrian, life on land was about to get a little more crowded. And those newcomers would end up changing the world. The arrival of plants on land would make the world colder, drain much of the oxygen out of the oceans and eventually, it would help cause a massive extinction event.
Thanks to Fabrizio de Rossi for the excellent illustration of early terrestrial plants. You can find more of Fabrizio’s work here: / artoffabricious
And special thanks to Paul Strother for sending us an incredibly cool photo of an Ordovician plant spore for this video. Check out Paul’s website here:sites.google.com/bc.edu/paulk...
Credit for Paleogeographic Map: Scotese, C.R., 2019. Plate Tectonics, Paleogeography, and Ice Ages, RUclips video: • Scotese Plate Tectonic... .
Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: / pbsdigitalstudios
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References: docs.google.com/document/d/13... 
Наука
"So why are you vegan?"
" *Revenge* "
Hail Seitan!
Arturo Ochoa ? Pescatarian is a vegetarian that eats fish
@Arturo Ochoa
😹❤️
the one and only joke that comes anywhere near to being slightly funny, maybe even a "ha" in my head
A bit fool🤣
No wonder Grass is super effective on Rock in Pokémon.
Pokemon is actually educational to a degree. Idk if you know this but it's initial intentions were to teach kids to read.
@@violetdusk1968 that’s crazy considering all i learned was to press a lmfaoo
The most impressive aspect of humanity is when science and pop culture intersect. Thank you and God bless you
Thank you! I can’t ever remember which element is against which, so at least I can memorize that one.
And Rock Beats scissors! ✂️ It all makes sense now.
meteor: lol I killed the dinosaurs
moss on a rock: hold my spores
What if we gave the big space rock some moss? Would it kill everything?
@@epauletshark3793 ultimate power...
😂 Great comment! 💜
Permian Volcanoes in siberia: Hold my lava.
Humans working in oil industry
_hold my fracking fluid_
Title: How plants caused the first mass extinction
Me looking at my plants outside:
*They are just standing there...*
*MENACINGLY*
AYAYAYAYAYAYA
😆😂👌
The day of the triffids is upon us
@@paryudisaditya8845 Plants probably are the real perfect being.
I just went out front and tore out every plant in my front yard. No mercy
Me cramming spinach into my mouth: *For* *my* *fallen* *brethren.*
Revenge is sweet
@Oshe Shango Pfft.
Breathing oxygen is overrated.
@Kyle Griffin lol poisons are not meant to be that weak
@@romella_karmey you do understand that everything is a poison if you consume enough of it,which means even if the poison wasn't designed to be poisonous it will also take the needed dosage to kill somebody
Lmao
Plants today: "We give you oxygen so keep us healthy and we'll let you live."
Plants millions of years ago: "Die peasants."
In a weird way, we are plants slaves. They give us just enough oxygen. We give them more than enough of CO2. We also work tirelessly to ensure to grow and spread their seeds. Not really a fair deal, tbh.
It seems like all of us have a violent past. Plants had theirs in past, we're having ours now.
@@BandAid350z Humans are not spreading seeds. We are actively killing plants and trees and only growing specific plants we need for factory farmed animals to eat which weakens the entire chain.
@@BandAid350z Humans: Seeds? You mean potential plants to be eaten.
Oop
Humans:"plants are harmless, they can't kill us."
Tiny plants:" is this a challenge?"
To be fair there's a lot of plants that can kill us. Plants actually try to kill us every time.
Did you even watch the video? If it wasn't for plants humans wouldn't even exist.
Carnivorous plants
@@lauralishes1 foxgloves/Digitalis lanata. Eat a bunch of that, have fun with aritmia or heart attack.
Taxol/Taxus baccata, have sitotoxic compound, you dont even need to eat that, just touching it is enough to kill your cell one by one very slowly. Use it to make house, have fun with appoptosis or necrosis.
I study pharmacy, at some point pharmacognosy, i know a bunch of 'life saving'/miracle drugs we can get plants, but in the end i know, all that drugs is just "coincidentally" can save us if used in correct dose. The producer of all that compunds (plants) never really intend to make that to save/help us, it just their 2ndary effect from what they intended to: to protect themselves by killing us.
The smell of cut grass is grass’s attempt at chemical defence.
I don’t know why but I’ve been binge watching these videos, they’re just so well made and addicting
if you like this! You might also like Sci-Show !
Watch Aron Ra's 50 part series 'Systematic Classification of Life'
It puts things into perspective to know that sharks have existed longer than trees and grass.
Woah
Proves vegans are obsolete
Hell, they’ve been around longer than insects & arachnids, or at least as long.
Prehistoric shark do do do doo
Just to add something: There is less time between the existence of Humans and Tyrannosaurus Rex than between T. Rex and Stegosaurus.
Who would win:
An entire ocean filled with animals that have evolved over millions of years
One mossy boi
Algae baby.
@@AlgaeEater09 is it algae time?it's algae time
More like one billion mossy boys
Here, take some of these as you seem to be short. Let me know if you need any more, I have plenty. (?????? ........)
@@butterskywalker8785 I get that reference
"moss covered rocks released 60 times more phosphorus than rocks without moss".
feels like a tongue-twister..
Randy Moss questions, "What's all this about me?"
Possible correction : It was algae more likely than plants !
They produce the oxygen that wreaks the climate for cyano-bacteria.
Did you watch the video, it described how it was land plants that caused this one.
You're both right and wrong! Algae is a plant, and it's not just an aquatic plant. Here's the literal definition from google. "A simple, nonflowering, and typically aquatic plant of a large group that includes the seaweeds and many single-celled forms. Algae contain chlorophyll but lack true stems, roots, leaves, and vascular tissue".
Cyanobacteria is an algae. Blue green algae.
All land plants descended from a green algae ancestor. So the first colonists on land were probably algal-like, but needed to have certain characteristics (like a cuticle) to live on land. Plants are not algae, Cyanobacteria are not algae (the name blue-green algae is a misnomer). Algae are protists, with their own diverse kingdoms.
100 million years later:
The dolphin people: How human caused the 6th mass extinction
While causing their own mass extinction
Imagine dolphins with religion and nukes. Lol
🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
Dolphins with friggin' lasers....lol
The dolphin people? Pffft the crows will be the ones to tell our story.
Humanity: "Oh noes, we're causing a mass extinction."
Nature: "First time?"
This is the quality memes I was looking for on this topic.
Humanity: starts selectional breeding
Nature: hm...
Humantiy: invents GMOs
Nature: Hey, wait a minute...
Humanity: invents Crispr
Nature: STOP YOU AMATEUR, YOU DON'T KNOW, WHAT YOU ARE DOING!!!
Humanity: ... ... ... ... Connects genespliceing nanobots to an experimental AI
Probably the only time in natural history that an organism deliberately caused an extinction, i could say any of the big five extinction is unique but none are deliberate attempt
@@AlamoOriginal I don't think anyone is doing what they are doing to deliberately cause a mass extinction. We aren't driving cars to cause a mass extinction were driving cars to travel, just as the algae wasn't mass producing to cause an extinction it was mass producing to have more kin
@@Kolazola humans are concious about the possibility of us creating and wreaking havoc on nature, these are examples that we are aware that the more we advanced, the more nature crumbles, atomic bomb is just miniscule example that we are aware that whoever launches it will deliberately cause a massive extinction
Man this is the quality content more people need to see. Man I love life
"Those damn plant bastards murdered your ancestors! So stop screwing around and finish that broccoli! Show no mercy!"
How were they your ancestors if they went extinct?
@@akamal92 🤯🤯🤯u right
@@akamal92 e v o l u t i o n. Like T-rex turning into a chicken
Marine life minding their own business 500m years ago
Plants: I'm about to end this man's whole career
U are funny and pretty 🙈
@Asingamaanda Makhuvha his previous picture was hot trust me
Plants: Yay, we did it! We finally colonized the land!
*Causes mass extiction*
Plants: Oops.
Like the British
Rude, but true.
Plant spears: Oops. I did it again
Every 500 million wow.
5:22 I just wanna say that I appreciate the visual of the phosphorus being washed out of it's square and swept away while Kallie speaks about it, very nice :)
Omg I've fallen into a rabbit hole!! I've watched a dozen of these videos and I can't stop!! So much Knowledge!!!🤯
Ditto! Every single episode I've watched in the past few days has been SUPERB. Best YT rabbit hole ever.
Watch Aron Ra's 50 part series 'Systematic Classification of Life'
Lumber companies: write that down, write that down
Take that environmentalists.
300 likes
Mattias Calvignac 😂😂😂
Hahahahahahaha
Me:Is that you?
* shows a photo of plants almost killing all of the entire life in the planet *
Plants:Yeah but that's a old Photo.
Karma hits back
an old photo*
@@paolocaballero2541 gaps after colons and no gap between the asterisk and words
9
@Eons is one of my favorite channels. Always informative, fact driven presentations and bite sized paleo-history tidbits. Thank you to the team for all you do. @Eons is one of the reasons I support my local PBS Station, even though I know the content doesn't show on the air here.
I’m glad I mow my lawn every month
Hard to imagine a world without soil. Just rock, sand, and ice.
I say the same about birds. How, on a lush green Earth are there no birds till after the dinosaurs? no sir, I don't believe it, birds didn't evolve from dinosaurs, they were there all along.
@@faybrianhernandez2416
I mean, as far as I know we haven't found any bird fossil from that era, so they must've evovled later on.
"just rock, sand, and ice" That's the surface of Mars ... or the Dry Valleys in Antarctica
@@TheMathias95 The first creatures we'd recognize as birds evolved from non-avian dinosaurs some time in the Jurassic... significantly later than the period of the video.
@@TheMathias95
Yeah, bird are amniotes and they started way after the origin of the amniota clade
Watch Aron Ra's 50 part series 'Systematic Classification of Life'
How about a video on the evolution of corals and other polyps?
YES
🙏🙏🙏
YES!!!
Great suggestion, Luca!
Cooooral!!!
As a palynologist I love seeing EONS incorporating more palynomorphs into their videos. I work on Acritarchs and Dinoflagellate Cysts (Dinocysts). Maybe you could make a video about these microfossils?
The whole PBS Eons series is amazing!
Best education there is.
I still want to see an episode about how the Appalachian Mountains and Lake Baikal formed. An episode on Lake Baikal and species that live in it would be amazing.
They likely won't make a video about that
I'm not 100% sure but there is a scishow epside on Baikal already
ruclips.net/video/AjJUFyd4Cac/видео.html
@@AK47Prepper Thanks, bud!
That would be awesome, as it's literally its own mini ocean with deep sea life. Even if scishow covered it, this channel can talk about its known history and biology of its mysterious species.
“How plants caused the first mass extinction”
_that’s not vegan_
Veganism is starving babies to death for an ideology and destroying millions of wildlife through mono farming fields. Vegans even admit that humans dying out is their ultimate goal, encouraging vasectomies and women losing their periods.
HelMaschine you’re fun at parties eh
HelMaschine Are you drunk? Expansion of crop farming is needed because we need to keep churning out meat in factory farms, where animals use energy not only for growing meat, but also for surviving their stinky lives. If y’all can just eat less meat or switch to more efficient stuff like chicken we can feed one or two billion more people with the crops we already grow.
@@crystalleyvonne818
Like bbqs, meat and beer, sounds great to me.
@@a2e5
Chicken is meat you clown.
"Cooling the earth in just 44M years, which is fast in a geological timeline."
Yeah, we warm up the earth in just a century.
@Cedar Hatt did someone "Dig a hole" in your cranium?
@Cedar Hatt 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
@Cedar Hatt What kind of high are you on? And for logic's sake can you cite any sources?
@@yanlopez674 it is possible that our sun will die in a couple thousand years but there’s no real way to confirm that except to just wait and see what happens
@Cedar Hatt your blowing things wayyyy out of the water, any star that can go supernova close enough to kill us would have been spotted us. Also, human society is more likely to collapse into smaller groups of people before we manage to destroy the wildlife that bad
This channel is just awesome. Watching these videos make me feel better even when i spend my whole day not reading anything
As a wise man once said: "Life, uh, finds a way"
uh..
Life........ERM.........finds a way?!?!?
Is this a reference to Jurassic Park?!
@@bethiaprosser1189 uhh.....DUH.......yeah
@@klittletNICE, good to get clarification, you know? 🤣🤣🤣
I'd give anything to be able to see all of this with my own eyes. But I have to settle with Eons. Thank you guys for existing!
unless you find yourself in an afterlife unbound by space and time 🤷
cptunicorn that would be awesome. You could scroll through time, as if you were scrolling through a music playlist. 🤯
Maybe you already have, but
you just don’t remember it.
Would you give your eyes?
@@connorquartz6701 No, your brain wasn't around then silly, how could you remember anything without a brain?
Just discovered you today and been binge watching for hours. Keep up the great work.
I appriciate the tone and the clear direction of information. Only questions were posed as questions, information given was always intended to lead the listener in the right direction, and the introductions and transitions contained relevant information. Well made!
Could you do a video on Pleistocene Australia, which had giant wombats and 30 ft lizards. As well as carnivorous kangaroos and a marsupial lion!
Toby W I was just gonna ask this!
I rhink they did
Would love that
There goes my good night's sleep, "carnivorous kangaroos"?
Bahri Gumustekin they have referenced it but never made a video on Pleistocene Australia.
Didn't the first mass extinction happen much earlier in precambrian times, when cyanobacteria started releasing massive amounts of oxygen that nearly killed off everything that was living at the time? 🤔
The big 5 are multicellular life extinctions, the great oxygenation event was more like 2.45 billion years ago and before multicellular life was a thing
Also the Edicaran life forms went extinct during the Cambrian revolution.
Yeah, having the pesky oxygen was an issue in the first place.
Yes came here to say that too!
cyan bacteria did have a part
The end of the video was unusually wholesome
Could you do a video on the multituberculates? They were the 4th, lesser known type of mammal (others being placentals, marsupials, and monotremes) and one of the most successful and long living mammals, appearing in the Triassic and going extinct about 30 million years ago. I haven't heard about them until quite recently, and I would like to learn more about them.
Interesting.
7:24 I love that pic. You use it a lot for volcanic activity mentions, and everytime I see it I'm just mesmerized by the color contrast, depth, the texture of the smoke, etc. Might be weird, but I just think it's really neat.
Enthused Norseman I thought the exact same thing as I saw it in this video and noticed how recurring it is as it’s a great representation
it is really cool
It's pretty neat but also weird
"I really, really, really like this image."
"I like it, too.
@nakenmil - Beauty is all around, even in terrifying events.
Ordovician Life: _Happily going about their day._
Terrestrial Plants: *The Happening, episode 0.*
I got scammed
You have no idea how many times I have clicked the read more
I've been watching Eons for a few months now and I really enjoy in, but what I've really come to look forward too is "Steve". So thanks Steve for your consistent support. Now I don't just look forward to a show, but to the end of it and your shout out. Keep it up Eons and "Steve".
This is fascinating, thanks for being so generous and sharing this!!
I found this very interesting!
Murderous Plants sound like a plot straight from Stephen King novel
I like it
Mark Wahlberg the happening
It literally IS the plot of "Day of the Triffids."
Little shop of horrors
Little shop of horrors
4:07 "It's a big, beautiful, old rock. Oh the pioneers used to ride these babies for miles."
When you realise Spongebob was actually educational content.
Stephen Hillenburg was literally a marine biologist tho. so....
The creator of SpongeBob was known to sneak educational content and _'educational content'_ once in a while.
@@wienzard36 shut up.......
@@bugglemagnum6213 why so salty lol
Ooh now I understand.
Ordovician Life: * exists *
Terrestrial Plants: "Hello there!"
Ordovician Life: "Why do I hear boss music?"
No really the thing with this channel is that however dramatic the titles might be, they’re not clickbait at all. Really loving it I’m on a binge
The last time I was this early, cyanobacteria still ruled the earth.
They still do: prochlorococcus is the most abundant photosynthetic organism.
@@Guoldisney I heard that "it" is responsible for our oil, as well.
When I was this early, the animal kingdom was only made of worms, sponges and jellyfish
This joke is getting old
The last time i was this early i still dreamt of having sex
PBS Eons really be helping me get through this pandemic
I listen to them like a very informative bedtime story
Go outside.
It's nice to see PBS doing conservation. I could nit-pick on theories being stated as descriptive all the time, but .... I'm still glad to see the conservation.
These videos really are infinitely rewatchable.
It is very interesting how the most important forms of life caused the first extinction
Weed didn't exist back then
It's called character development
Reminds me of a certain very important species that is causing the most recent mass extinction
@@kaibigbang8308 "Ouch"
Twice in fact, as photo-synthesis bacteria (ancestors of phytoplancton ^^) had caused a big extinction event by releasing oxygen in the atmosphere :D
Ordovician life: Boy it sure is a lovely day today! I don't think anything could ruin it!
Plants: *_Allow me to introduce myself_*
Thia girl is my FAVORITE!!! I love how easy she makes it to understand her videos. She doesn't talk too fast and explains things very well!
A fantastically well done -- BRAVO !!!!
"april showers may bring flowers" they said
it'll be fun they said
@Douseiaisha In my neighbors garden it is April showers may bring flowers or not
*April showers bring May flowers...
Nah, what the OP said makes sense in the context of the video
Just remember, we humans aren't the first species to cause mass extinction.
But we are the first to have a choice in the matter.
What choice?
Not really. Everything is going exactly according to plan, and programming.
@@ClandestineMerkaba 'The Simulation'
@@recess7 Yes- It's what we came "here" for.
how do we know these plants didnt do it on purpose?
Would love to see more of these videos on plants.
Steve out here being the mvp, I've seen my guy thanked at the end of every single one of these videos
Plants: *cause the first mass extinction*
Humans : Hold my ecological collapse
Humans the last mass extinction
You gotta be a special kind of stupid if you really think humans will exterminate all life of earth.
@@HerrMisterTheo We probably won't exterminate all life. But, look at the great dying. What was the primary reason for it? Climate change. And it was by far the most severe extinction event. And unlike then, we're causing the entire planet's temperature to increase in decades compared to the great dying that took hundreds of thousands of years. We are causing the most extreme mass extinction event that has ever happened.
@@HerrMisterTheo you have to be a special kind of stupid to believe humanity HASNT made such an impact already, despite the vast amount of evidence clearly saying otherwise.
@@HerrMisterTheo like...for real. A climate change denier has to be pretty stupid if he thinks calling others stupid is really going to have an effect.
Very well made. Thank you so much 💝
Thank for teaching me a lot of ancient things ! Love your vids!
5:16 Minor nitpick: To visualize "60 times more" I wouldn't change the ratio of the radii to 60. The ratio of the areas is now 3600 and that gives a false impression.
Otherwise, great video as always! Love these topics!
If I recall, plants (specifically the first trees) also had a major role in the second mass extinction.
Yes because trees would pile up over billions of years until a bacteria developed that would eat them
I’m in a Botany Class this semester and I love this video!
Incredible and excellent info with details regarding how scientists got that info.
Humans: We're the deadliest on Earth we're causing climate change which is killing countless species.
Plants: Hold my oxygen.
I love microbial films, but I can only ever watch them under a microscope. 🤷♂️
Their earlier experimental work was better.
So microfillms?
@@yakbutterfly1 Yeah, I still have a few cells from their animation studio stock.
Can you do a video on conservation palaeoecology? I know it sounds like a very niche topic but I watched a video about how looking at predation scars on modern sea snails can tell us about previous populations of Crabs along the West Coast of America and listening to how the lady who'd done it had come to her conclusions was like watching a detective show- so so interesting!
Thank you pbs! I’m gonna donate!
You should do a whole series on all the mass extinctions (including the modern one).
I'd love to see an episode on mitochondria and how they came to be a part of our cellular biology.
this entire channel is so cool for no reason
Sooo cool. So grateful for your channel, thanks for the free education!
>"back in the 1990's"
>shows modern world map
You thin you can fool me? i can see south sudan right there
I see you are a man of culture as well.
Even worse, they show the borders of New Mexico when it definitely wasn't around in the Ordovician.
@@sybrandvandermolen7732 I know, right? New Mexico wasn't around until at least the Carboniferous period.
@@sybrandvandermolen7732 That makes it sound like Texas was around back then
@Lars Uelf Texas is eternal, it has always been here, when the world is old and dying, Texas will remain. Texas will always remain...
Between this science series and the "Nick on the Rocks" geology/seismology series, I am enjoying myself even during the social distancing.
Have you seen his "Nick from Home" series? He's live streaming every couple of days, he's up to #38 or 40 now.
@@regular-joe Yes I have. They are wonderful. Nick is a great science communicator.
@Brian Garrow Do you know the series "Alien Biospheres", by Biblaridion? It's available on RUclips and it's great.
Watch Aron Ra's 50 part series 'Systematic Classification of Life'
Cool video, exactly what I needed as a good-night story. Thank you ☺️
I'm happy this content is on RUclips.
The fact that we don't have time machines will never cease to break my heart.
It would mean David Attenborough could do a series on dinosaurs. That would be amazing.
Me, too. 😭😭
Fr wish all of these paleontologists and scientists would stop wasting time on trying to figure out what ifs about extinct animals and instead focus on building a time machine then we’d know for sure! 😂 If they’re invented in our life times my family and friends would probably never see me again lmfaoo
What are you talking about, I have a time machine hanging on my wall right now and it says 7:56 AM.
@@iTsEfFiNsTePhh i mean yes and no, if you have a time machine you could return back to the time after you left by however much time lol assuming time machine functions perfectly
humans "suddenly disappear"
plants: its free real estate
the background music for this is so soothing
Wonderful! Thank you very much
Plants then " Wanna see me cause the first Mass Extinction?"
Plants now "Wanna see me do it again?"
Illegal Loggers, Business men: ?
@@mr.racooniep3326 fool for you to think that
They are secretly letting themself die just so they can give us reason why them killing us is justified
@@thatguy7155 I don't think plants will kill us tho since it's not predicted in the Simpsons.
Shamanmanmanlan was right, and you all mocked him (I liked that movie).
The first mass extinction event was caused by cyanobacteria way before the event of this video, and it almost extinguished all life on earth. This video is just spreading misinformation.
Me: *lives* .
Mass extinctions: "You're wellcome" .
Great to see another plant-focused video! I have a minor critique in that it's a bit misleading to show Archaefructus as your example of one of the first angiosperms. Phylogenetic studies have placed it deep within the angiosperm clade and not at the base (Doyle 2008, Int J Plant Sciences), indicating that it probably doesn't resemble the ancestor to the angiosperms. Paleobotanists tend to favor fossils with structures which could developmentally resemble the carpel bearing the female organs in modern angiosperms as a stronger indicator of being an ancestor to the flowering plants. The article cited has more detail on that.
keep these coming guys :D they're so awesome
Just before midnight in Germany, but wide awake... especially now
Me too in Italy👍
Oof
California United states 2:30 in the afternoon.
Italy!
Greetings from Chicago.
When I was about 3 or 4 years old I found livermoss in our garden and I thought I found an alien lifeform straight out of a lovecraft novel 😹👍
@@AzathothTheGreat inorite?
Damn you, plants! When I eat a salad, it's _revenge!_
I love this channel so much
Do not underestimate plants, they made us addicted to rice.
And potatoes, and flour
Eat rice? Yeah because the world resolve around you huh?
"I like rice, rice is good when you're hungry and want 2000 of something." - Mitch Hedberg
Things like this bring me some comfort when it comes to how we're screwing up the planet now. Maybe in a billion years plastic-based archaeologists will be thankful for our self-destructiveness because without that they wouldn't exist.
That brings peace to the soul...in a morbid but hopeful way.
@@davidbarnett342 We couldn't extinguish all life on this planet if we tried, and I do take solace in the fact that no matter what happens, life will continue on earth and have a future.
That is an interesting take, and I'm not being sarcastic.
@@joecerone Nukes: Am i a joke to you ?
1 billion years from now, most complex life will probably be extinct. Because 600 million years from now, there will be a mass extinction of plants because the sun will become so hot that plans won’t be able to get the carbon dioxide they need from the atmosphere anymore. And then once plants die, everything else that is complex will die.
What a great presentation 👏
This is a great video, thanks!!!
I watch PBS Eons so much, the new videos show up in my feed even on my "TV" account that isn't subbed to any channels 😂🤣😁
Keep up the great work!
Animals: *exist*
Ancient Plants: I'm gonna end this man's whole career.
Best channel ever! Hypoxic zones are also responsible for fish die offs when the water is too warm. The water has less ability to hold dissolved gasses. Same way hot soda goes flat more quickly than cold
All jokes aside this was super super interesting, I feel like I learned something new. like who ever talks about ancient plants
I see you don't go to the same pubs as me. XD
I would love to see you guys do a video on trilobite fossils since I recently heard that most trilobite fossils are from shedded exoskeletons and I have no idea how to tell the difference between a fossilized shed and a fossil of an actual trilobite.
I'm pretty sure there's no way of distinguish the two, so that might be an assumption from a palaontologist based on almost nothing ^^'