i just want to mention this technology uses high pressure as well - the technology was actually invented at Bell Laboratories in the 1950's. Quartz rocks are dissolved in sodium hydroxide and water at high temperatures in a high pressure vessel. As temperature is lowered the silicon dioxide molecules fall out of solution and auto assemble onto seed crystals. The process can be repeated to make the crystals more pure - (pressure vessel washed and crystals redissolved and recrystallized). It took many years to perfect the technology.
@@undernetjack does anyone here then also knows how to turn turn the sio into amethyst or how the process of synthesing other materials work. Me and my brother are gonna try the sr method to grow and start looking into this all
Thank you for this explaination! It's given more people the knowledge they need than you know just with a simple comment. Thank you,! One thing I worry about synthetic crystals is they don't have the same frequency, or even the same earth energy. When I hold crystals (after using reiki for many years my hands have became very sensitive to subtle energies) I hold them and I can feel a difference, one feels as if it connects with you more and synthetic I'm assuming has little earth energy and lower frequency atleast it feels that way when holding them. Holding the synthetic crystals gives the near similar feeling as glass while natural ones feel energetic and connected if that makes sense, but hey it just may be me alone and I can be one hundred percent wrong and I absolutely acknowledge that! I just wanted to see what your thoughts are on this. Thanks friend
Do you have any name for extra literature I can read into? Sounds super interesting, you describe some form of Recrystallization if I am not mistaken? I would like to know more :D
having just watched a 40-minute film from 1943 on how quartz crystal components were made by sawing up naturally mined crystals, I was wondering if production had moved on to synthesizing the crystals in the ensuing 80 years. looks like it has.
Yes it was a great war video. We are all being recommended the same films. It is a much simpler process to purify the natural quartz into man-made than I thought it would be. I have done a similar process with Copper Sulphate that had some Calcium salt, drying agent added to it. I had to make a hot, super saturated solution that dissolved everything, then slowly cool with a "seed" present, to recrystallise the pure Copper Sulphate, it worked great.
The trick to getting natural feed stock to dissolve and recrystallize on seed is to keep a temperature gradient in the autoclave. It's heated in the bottom, where the solu gets saturated, convection mixes it upwards where cooling supersaturates the solution and causes it to recrystallize onto seed, there is not enough impurities for solution to become saturated of them, so they stay in solution and don't crystallize out, or they never dissolve to begin with. In any case you end up with large pure single crystals after few months of cooking your autoclave.
You are right, however you want a subtle gradient so it produces a laminar flow over your seed crystal. The process for small crystals is a few weeks but special giant ones intended for polarization plates in large lasers took months to over a year, but one crystal yeilds lots of Brewster plates.❤
What I'd like to know is some of the information regarding cost of production and sales, some idea of what one of those is worth by weighing it against the market needs. I have spent 7 minutes now and leave with more questions than answers.
@@JohnDH1977 - and 6:18 it says the temperature is about 350 C. That seems too low for a furnace melting quartz. It says on Google - The crystallization temperatures of quartz, calculated from its titanium content 30 , are mainly in the range 700-600 °C for the late-magmatic quartz, with generally higher values at crystal cores, and mainly in the range 500-400 °C for the hydrothermal quartz. And another part says - How to make a quartz crystal? This is a product made by fusing Lasca and growing a seed quartz crystal under high temperature and high pressure condition (at 350˚C: and 1,000 atmospheric pressure in a container called synthetic crystal growing furnace (Autoclave) filled with alkaline solution. It usually requires 40 to 90 days to grow.
I smiled a little when some propietary information was protected by blurring. As if the 360p quality wasn't enough... (Yes, i realise that it probably was better in the original broadcast.)
Yes, since it's got nothing to do with how quartz components are made. I fact the vast majority of this video has nothing to do with how quartz components are made.
Ever seen silicon being grown for semiconductors? I've always thought it fascinating how such minute, delicate, precise things come from such brute force.
@@User0000000000000004 technically even the process of making the chips is quite brutish Put paint that only dries with the angry part of sunlight on thinking sand, wash the undried part and splash angry liquid that eats stuff that's not painted, rinse and repeat till sand learns it's lesson on what it's job is
Man... japan really is a mix of past and modern. They make a video about futuristic technology but film and edit it like how they did in the 90s. Only missing an interlacing artifact.
@@tedundercarriage8183 - _"yeah, just forget the engineers and mathematicians I guess"_ *Well, if the Universe and Mother Nature can make human beings, who needs engineers and mathematicians! We should have some sweet gadgets being pooped out of black smokers or mud volcanoes any day now...👍*
6:17 I had to look up the patent, it says NaOH is used as the solvent. Because quartz would melt at a much higher temperature, like 1670C+ on it's own.
My Hometown had a company called M-tron that grew quartz crystals. Because my buddy's dad worked there our cub-scout group got a tour of the facility and a got to keep a bunch of the offcut scraps that were cut off the end of the crystal bars they grew.
Interesting, i do a lot of gold prospecting and i never new that white quartz was due to being full of cracks, got me thinking about previous area's i have prospected at and the quality of the quartz. Thanks :)
The stuff fed into the reactor was ultrapure synthetic silica. The crystal growth reactors were very scary. They used supercritical hot water. The crystals were a bit more sparkly than the ones shown here and were very clear. They were used for making Brewster windows for lasers. ❤
I would love one too, I have heard about a Brazilian guy who makes vogel cut healing crystals with facets. They can be quite big too, but it's like $ 10.000.
That woman being excited when the crystals are brought up, she heard how they vibrate and is thinking this is what goes into her favourite bedroom appliance… 😊
That is fascinating . That the quartz would be a vapor first to accumulate on the seed Cristal . And the uses for quartz crystals . Hmm 🤔. Um the word PRESSURE was used to make them vibrate . I can only assume you’re talking about electricity . The amount would be in micro amps . Um , wild quartz has kaotic structure of grain , I should think so Japan figured out how to organize the grain of these Cristals . That IS fascinating indeed . I did some rock masonry when I was young , so that’s how I know about it . Cutting rocks with hammer and wedges . To do that , you need to be very visually observant . That how jewelers cut diamonds . Natural diamonds are the hardest to cut because of the kaotic vain structure . Strike it wrong and the Cristal shatters .
Do a dual solvent recrystallization then dissolve in minimal distilled h20 for a week long room temperature evaporation in a dark dry place. Pristine amine perfection. 🚀
Silver Snacker actually the structure of society relates to how society was back in the 50s the personality of society is much more like its own development so basically it’s like how America would look like if the democratic political party never existed... also japan would look a little different in Tokyo and other very liberal areas if American ideological politics didn’t tamper and influence these parts of society for example. The LGBT community which is an identity political movement that done more harm than good to the actual community they claim to represent and we have had major cases in recent years where they have proven that with denial of scientific facts...
They could at least give us a minimum of information about the process of making these crystals. Are they thinking we are too dumb too understand? Well, maybe they're right about that but... I'm still a curious person.
@@Reth_Hard Hello, My name is James Reid and I am the Plant Manager at Sawyer Technical Materials, LLC. I grow Quartz. Flawless, Single Crystal, Monolithic, Cultured Quartz Crystals. Sawyer has grown quartz for more than 50 years at its current location and I have been there since 1984. If you need Quartz, and I don't mean one or two small pieces, you know where to find me. Check us out at @t Best of Luck to All.
If you want to learn something, see the comment section. That is some weird translation going on. Why would the voice over person moan like that? So weird.
They use quarts for invisible military suits they use light prisoms of specially designed grown electronically reactive quarts they create pixel plate armors with 360 camera mirrored refraction back onto the environment around the occupant the same as a invisible metal pole that's too reflective to see
Am I the only one who thinks it's odd that they specifically mention dashcams of all things? Like why not just say quartz crystals are used as an oscillator on lots of processors?
David Adair was able to grow quartz crystals in outer space and the molecular structure of the quartz crystal wasn't affected by Earth's gravitation....so the crystal molecular structure is different and a lot stronger! so strong...he said in hypothetically they could tri-weave the material into clothing and put it in front of a child and then shoot a machine gun at the clothing material and no harm will ever come to that child....I'm paraphrasing of course.
Thank you for sharing this video. I was wondering if the tanks that the crystals were grown in were also under great pressure as well as the heat that was mentioned. If so can you give me a ballpark estimate of the pressure? Thank you again.
Damn the only way is by cutting a crystal, there's only a limited amount of people that manufacture this because of the high pressure and high incubation, but i bet you can find quartz plates on ebay or aliexpress
Shooting a closeup of the PCB only to completely blur out every single component is almost as Japanase than inviting the USA military to the Hirohito and Nagasake commemorative celebration while criticizing Russia for having nukes to defend themselves from the west.
It insults my intellect. If you aren't going to show something, then show something else or nothing at all. It's like those people doing travelling videos to the Hollywood sign/Eiffel tower but they don't show it because it is forbidden by copyright, so they describe how it looks or make a drawing/CGI rendering. Advertise upfront that it is content for the blind, stop wasting my time.
i just want to mention this technology uses high pressure as well - the technology was actually invented at Bell Laboratories in the 1950's. Quartz rocks are dissolved in sodium hydroxide and water at high temperatures in a high pressure vessel. As temperature is lowered the silicon dioxide molecules fall out of solution and auto assemble onto seed crystals. The process can be repeated to make the crystals more pure - (pressure vessel washed and crystals redissolved and recrystallized). It took many years to perfect the technology.
It was great to see these big pieces of quartz but your comment is actually more interesting than the whole video...
Thanks, that was close to my guess. I have dissolved sand with NAOH and briefly considered getting side tracked, but alas , on task and on time....lol
@@undernetjack does anyone here then also knows how to turn turn the sio into amethyst or how the process of synthesing other materials work. Me and my brother are gonna try the sr method to grow and start looking into this all
Thank you for this explaination! It's given more people the knowledge they need than you know just with a simple comment. Thank you,!
One thing I worry about synthetic crystals is they don't have the same frequency, or even the same earth energy. When I hold crystals (after using reiki for many years my hands have became very sensitive to subtle energies) I hold them and I can feel a difference, one feels as if it connects with you more and synthetic I'm assuming has little earth energy and lower frequency atleast it feels that way when holding them. Holding the synthetic crystals gives the near similar feeling as glass while natural ones feel energetic and connected if that makes sense, but hey it just may be me alone and I can be one hundred percent wrong and I absolutely acknowledge that! I just wanted to see what your thoughts are on this. Thanks friend
Do you have any name for extra literature I can read into? Sounds super interesting, you describe some form of Recrystallization if I am not mistaken? I would like to know more :D
having just watched a 40-minute film from 1943 on how quartz crystal components were made by sawing up naturally mined crystals, I was wondering if production had moved on to synthesizing the crystals in the ensuing 80 years. looks like it has.
me too
Oh my gosh! I think I just watched the same one. They were putting the quartz in oil bathes and polarized light to find how to cut them.
Yes it was a great war video. We are all being recommended the same films. It is a much simpler process to purify the natural quartz into man-made than I thought it would be.
I have done a similar process with Copper Sulphate that had some Calcium salt, drying agent added to it. I had to make a hot, super saturated solution that dissolved everything, then slowly cool with a "seed" present, to recrystallise the pure Copper Sulphate, it worked great.
periscope films?
Nobody has really beaten the Czochralski process AFAIK. Downside: it's slow.
The trick to getting natural feed stock to dissolve and recrystallize on seed is to keep a temperature gradient in the autoclave. It's heated in the bottom, where the solu gets saturated, convection mixes it upwards where cooling supersaturates the solution and causes it to recrystallize onto seed, there is not enough impurities for solution to become saturated of them, so they stay in solution and don't crystallize out, or they never dissolve to begin with. In any case you end up with large pure single crystals after few months of cooking your autoclave.
You are right, however you want a subtle gradient so it produces a laminar flow over your seed crystal. The process for small crystals is a few weeks but special giant ones intended for polarization plates in large lasers took months to over a year, but one crystal yeilds lots of Brewster plates.❤
The vid shows many things but the process of growing it. I wonder why the title says How to make quartz, when they only show the ready crystals.
yes - the title is clickbait.
What I'd like to know is some of the information regarding cost of production and sales, some idea of what one of those is worth by weighing it against the market needs. I have spent 7 minutes now and leave with more questions than answers.
@@genericalfishtycoon3853company's secret I guess
@@JohnDH1977 - and 6:18 it says the temperature is about 350 C.
That seems too low for a furnace melting quartz.
It says on Google -
The crystallization temperatures of quartz, calculated from its titanium content 30 , are mainly in the range 700-600 °C for the late-magmatic quartz, with generally higher values at crystal cores, and mainly in the range 500-400 °C for the hydrothermal quartz.
And another part says -
How to make a quartz crystal?
This is a product made by fusing Lasca and growing a seed quartz crystal under high temperature and high pressure condition (at 350˚C: and 1,000 atmospheric pressure in a container called synthetic crystal growing furnace (Autoclave) filled with alkaline solution. It usually requires 40 to 90 days to grow.
kitlerious nyaa
I love how clean that plant is. Amazing housekeeping
This is Japan 🎋
This isn't a dirty job - the exact opposite in fact. There is nothing to clean, because dirt never enters the plant. 🙄
What did you expect? A workshop in bangladesh?
Actually, I was going to say the opposite. I'm surprised they didn't have to walk around in overalls.
This video looks, sounds and feel like if it was shot in 80s or early 90s but it is modern :) Nice
I smiled a little when some propietary information was protected by blurring. As if the 360p quality wasn't enough... (Yes, i realise that it probably was better in the original broadcast.)
coz they still have hot chicks on TV in Japan ?
Earlier today I was watching an archive film on using rock crystal for radio transmitters. These are just so beautiful.
I did too, strange how that happens.
"the algorithm" boys!
Same here! 😂
So are we just going to ignore this random ass car crash 😂 1:55
"what's more"
*BTBKKRTCHTRCHTTSTT*
😂 that shit was crazy.
Well that escalated quickly.
DASHCAMS
Yes, since it's got nothing to do with how quartz components are made.
I fact the vast majority of this video has nothing to do with how quartz components are made.
3:33 *When she sees your 64 diamond inventory*
LMAO
333
So it appears as though synthetic quartz crystal is made from impure natural quartz. It's sort of a transformation or purification process really.
yes dissolution and re crystallization same way it is done in nature
Ever seen silicon being grown for semiconductors? I've always thought it fascinating how such minute, delicate, precise things come from such brute force.
@@User0000000000000004 technically even the process of making the chips is quite brutish
Put paint that only dries with the angry part of sunlight on thinking sand, wash the undried part and splash angry liquid that eats stuff that's not painted, rinse and repeat till sand learns it's lesson on what it's job is
Japan making more Crystal than Walter White 😹
walter white wordddd not even the earth lol
BWAHAAHAHA gotta watch breaking bad again now
But both is 99.999% pure :D
8kg stones man
@@doposudtight tight
Seeing those crystals come out is really cool.
Like rock candy.
The Japanese are always impressive. A very interesting video.
Yes video crystal 🔮 clear 👌
wow that music at the end with those big crystals just swinging around on that rack really got me feeling energized.
Man... japan really is a mix of past and modern.
They make a video about futuristic technology but film and edit it like how they did in the 90s. Only missing an interlacing artifact.
It's so magical a quartz has the ability to give us technology & store our memories
the magic of NATURE , for ALL electronic components
!!! :D this is why I love geology! The mundane is magical!
yeah, just forget the engineers and mathematicians I guess
@@tedundercarriage8183 I don't think anyone is forgetting that
@@tedundercarriage8183 - _"yeah, just forget the engineers and mathematicians I guess"_
*Well, if the Universe and Mother Nature can make human beings, who needs engineers and mathematicians! We should have some sweet gadgets being pooped out of black smokers or mud volcanoes any day now...👍*
6:17 I had to look up the patent, it says NaOH is used as the solvent. Because quartz would melt at a much higher temperature, like 1670C+ on it's own.
Sodium hydroxide?
My Hometown had a company called M-tron that grew quartz crystals. Because my buddy's dad worked there our cub-scout group got a tour of the facility and a got to keep a bunch of the offcut scraps that were cut off the end of the crystal bars they grew.
Interesting, i do a lot of gold prospecting and i never new that white quartz was due to being full of cracks, got me thinking about previous area's i have prospected at and the quality of the quartz. Thanks :)
Where at?
Jesus Christ, Marie! They aren't rocks, they're minerals!
Hahaha. Shutup hank!
They're crystal meth!
Chris Rock 🪨 approve of this message 👌
What's this from
@@thomasrussell4674 Breaking Bad character Hank collects rocks.
I would have liked to hear some morde technical details about this hydrothermal process, for example that it uses a solution of KCl.
The video looks and feels like an 80ies video preserved in very good quality.
This video has that perfect 'recorded in 1993" feel to it.
Glad to see US doesn't have a monopoly on ditzy reporters.
They don't oscillate just by applying electricity though, you need to incorporate the crystal in a special circuit for that
The stuff fed into the reactor was ultrapure synthetic silica. The crystal growth reactors were very scary. They used supercritical hot water. The crystals were a bit more sparkly than the ones shown here and were very clear. They were used for making Brewster windows for lasers. ❤
3:30 The part about making the crystals. 😏
OOoooh very sexy :)
thanks
I wish I had money to buy one of those. They are really beautiful
They probably don’t sell them to individuals. You’d need a business, I think.
I wonder how much$ if they did even smaller ones.
I would love one too, I have heard about a Brazilian guy who makes vogel cut healing crystals with facets. They can be quite big too, but it's like $ 10.000.
This was very informative! Thank you
I wonder if this also has a risk of helvetica scenario
just what I needed. Thanks!
I'd love to have one of those manufactured crystals on my mantle
I can arrange that.
@@jamesreid0921 how much?
@@MONKEY-vi7hx
Doesn't that depend on a variety of factors?
This is something new I learnt
Thanks for this video
1:56 genuienly got jump scared by this😂😂
"Thats quite a lot"
They're beautiful!
i work with Crystal Quarts for manufacturing optical waveplates. Neat to see how the cq is produced.
That woman being excited when the crystals are brought up, she heard how they vibrate and is thinking this is what goes into her favourite bedroom appliance… 😊
For thermal resistant military suits they use special thermal adaptive laytex skins under their camouflaged cloth suits
When I saw the tiny components in the watches and cameras I thought your cover photo might be clickbait until 3:35... wow!!!
im fascinated by the shape, and that all the crystals are the same shape
I thought Colombia was the biggest producer of crystal. Well you learn something new everyday I guess.
"it's like a crystal tower" *shadowbringer theme amplifies*
The method I use is much better, my customers can’t get enough of it
That is fascinating . That the quartz would be a vapor first to accumulate on the seed Cristal . And the uses for quartz crystals . Hmm 🤔.
Um the word PRESSURE was used to make them vibrate . I can only assume you’re talking about electricity . The amount would be in micro amps . Um , wild quartz has kaotic structure of grain , I should think so Japan figured out how to organize the grain of these Cristals . That IS fascinating indeed .
I did some rock masonry when I was young , so that’s how I know about it . Cutting rocks with hammer and wedges . To do that , you need to be very visually observant . That how jewelers cut diamonds . Natural diamonds are the hardest to cut because of the kaotic vain structure . Strike it wrong and the Cristal shatters .
She seems excited.
I can't get over the car flying in the air.
Do a dual solvent recrystallization then dissolve in minimal distilled h20 for a week long room temperature evaporation in a dark dry place. Pristine amine perfection. 🚀
awesome work japan, rocks are more then on element, gems are one element preciouses and semi-preciouses, depends on amount and quality of specimen.
1:38 the little crystal very cute!
Why did they blur out certain components on the chip? Now I'm curious
japanese also blur out porno!!🎉😂🎉🎉😂
Why did they blur the BGA chips lol
Trademarks are often blurred nowadays.
@@palmshoot Exactly, if you ain't getting paid... you ain't getting free promotion!
Is there any genuine book out on basic science of Quartz crystal's biochemistry or bioelectric impact on bio cellular level?
bio = life, quartz generates e- ions, they are used in every process of life, so narrow your question
Would love to build a greenhouse with synthetic crystal blocks
Why does this have a 90s production
LOL
Silver Snacker actually the structure of society relates to how society was back in the 50s the personality of society is much more like its own development so basically it’s like how America would look like if the democratic political party never existed... also japan would look a little different in Tokyo and other very liberal areas if American ideological politics didn’t tamper and influence these parts of society for example. The LGBT community which is an identity political movement that done more harm than good to the actual community they claim to represent and we have had major cases in recent years where they have proven that with denial of scientific facts...
They could at least give us a minimum of information about the process of making these crystals.
Are they thinking we are too dumb too understand? Well, maybe they're right about that but... I'm still a curious person.
@@Reth_Hard Hello, My name is James Reid and I am the Plant Manager at Sawyer Technical Materials, LLC. I grow Quartz. Flawless, Single Crystal, Monolithic, Cultured Quartz Crystals. Sawyer has grown quartz for more than 50 years at its current location and I have been there since 1984. If you need Quartz, and I don't mean one or two small pieces, you know where to find me. Check us out at @t Best of Luck to All.
@@jamesreid0921 more Information needed. You hook a loser up?
can you make video demonstration hiting that syntetic quartz to make lightning 🙏😄 that would be awesome
Yes, I like Japan. Stay safe from the virus!
The crystal are beautiful
Nice, tech is awesome.
This is awesome information. I did this with borax.
I had to put you on 1.25 before it was watchable. Why are you talking so slow?
The amount of quartz in the Great Pyramid...
Really amazing.
I bet the newscaster thought to herself, I want that on my finger.
I thought this was made in the 90s up until they brought up smartphones
Title: How to make
Video: You push a button and crystals came out the machine.
"It's actually synthetically produced" -- just like the narration! ;D
Cool, I didn’t know they recrystalized natural quartz to make purer ones for electronics
Everything you sad is true and red diamond very beautyful .Thank you!
If you want to learn something, see the comment section. That is some weird translation going on. Why would the voice over person moan like that? So weird.
she was thinking about your mom!❤❤🎉😂🎉😂🎉😂
@@lunam7249 she was thinking about your mom and both of your grandmas. I didnt say it before because I was trying to be nice.
@@thetruthexperiment 🤣🤣🤣👶😳😳😳😅😅 oohooo ya!! my grandmas are h.o.t.!! caliente!! like chili peppers!!❤️❤️❤️
The constant blurring of every circuit board even the things they are specifically pointing out is eye bleeding.
Love how the Japanese blur the circuit boards for security.
They use quarts for invisible military suits they use light prisoms of specially designed grown electronically reactive quarts they create pixel plate armors with 360 camera mirrored refraction back onto the environment around the occupant the same as a invisible metal pole that's too reflective to see
bruh are they essentially electro plating crystal!?
Yea but can u make them in space
This video looks like is made in 2021, and it looks like 20 years ago...if it makes sense
Can skip half of the video until actually getting to the title of the video "How to make pure synthetic quartz"
Am I the only one who thinks it's odd that they specifically mention dashcams of all things? Like why not just say quartz crystals are used as an oscillator on lots of processors?
Why did they blur out the chip set?
NEC Tokin
happy to see your youtube channel, i am interested if your company need our service we can supply Raw material crystal
list the web link! i need large chrystals
Can this be used to make lenses, like photography and telescope??
6:58 is such a vibe of a moment lol
Solid!
Top KEK!
David Adair was able to grow quartz crystals in outer space and the molecular structure of the quartz crystal wasn't affected by Earth's gravitation....so the crystal molecular structure is different and a lot stronger! so strong...he said in hypothetically they could tri-weave the material into clothing and put it in front of a child and then shoot a machine gun at the clothing material and no harm will ever come to that child....I'm paraphrasing of course.
Thank you for sharing this video. I was wondering if the tanks that the crystals were grown in were also under great pressure as well as the heat that was mentioned. If so can you give me a ballpark estimate of the pressure? Thank you again.
Between 10000 and 40000psi, depending on the chemistry of the reagent.
Indrid_Cold thank you!
I had no idea that natural crystals are needed to make synthetic ones.
Jessie! We need to cook quartz!
I just want to know what it costs for one of those...
$$$$$
I need one of those big ones.
1:57 was i the only one who got jump scared by that
Epson Atmix's main product is actually powdered metal.
I wonder how much each of those enormous crystals cost,
They are cheap. the cutting process is expensive
$$$$$ 6 months in a large oven
I must do this , or at least get a few of these large crystals .
Most are unaware Japan is the world's gold mine in rare earth materials, bc of all the volcanic activity?
How do I get a hold of some of the quartz seed plates?
Damn the only way is by cutting a crystal, there's only a limited amount of people that manufacture this because of the high pressure and high incubation, but i bet you can find quartz plates on ebay or aliexpress
How is it that they all form the same shape? Seems like all the edges are the same on each crystal?
Shooting a closeup of the PCB only to completely blur out every single component is almost as Japanase than inviting the USA military to the Hirohito and Nagasake commemorative celebration while criticizing Russia for having nukes to defend themselves from the west.
Why does that offend you? they try to save themselves from agressive local competition.
It insults my intellect. If you aren't going to show something, then show something else or nothing at all.
It's like those people doing travelling videos to the Hollywood sign/Eiffel tower but they don't show it because it is forbidden by copyright, so they describe how it looks or make a drawing/CGI rendering. Advertise upfront that it is content for the blind, stop wasting my time.
people need to slow the fuck down on the roads.
The Empire demands this kyber cristals ....
Is this hydrothermal process
Krabicka je pekna 👍. Cim ohybas plechy?