Thermal Processing of Solid waste हिंदी में : Incineration

Thermal Processing of Solid waste: Incineration #incinerator #gtu #shortvideo
THERMAL PROCESSING
•COMBUSTION
Thermal processing of solid waste involves the application of heat to treat and decompose waste materials .
End products:
Hot gases (flue gas),
Water vapor and
Non-combustible residue (ash).
Energy can be recovered by heat exchange from the hot combustion gases.
It involves processes like Incineration, Pyrolysis.
Incineration is the engineered process using controlled flame combustion to thermally degrade waste materials and recovers energy in presence of oxygen. Waste is dumped into a large storage pit, with bulky items being removed prior to entering the combustion chamber. In order to allow the combustion to take place a sufficient quantity of oxygen is required to fully oxidize the fuel.
Temperatures are in excess of 850°C and the waste is mostly converted into CO2 and H2O and any non-combustible materials (e.g. metals, glass, stones) remain as a solid, known as incinerator bottom ash (IBA) that always contains a small amount of residual carbon. The direct combustion of a waste usually releases more of the available energy compared to pyrolysis and gasification. It leads to air pollution unless the plant is designed, equipped and operated to comply with air pollution standards. Typical air pollutants from incineration: Fly ash, organic acids, nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx), heavy metals, particulates and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as dioxins and furans. Air pollution can be controlled by installation of proper air pollution control equipment. Material which are not combustible are removed from the waste by gravity or magnetic separation. Many of the separated material like glass or metals can be recycled.
Incineration system components:
Waste pre-treatment ( pre-heating (or) shredding )
Waste loading systems ( conveyors, hoppers, sprayers )
Burner management system
Air pollution control device
Ash disposal
Emission monitoring systems
Combustion chambers
Heat recovery
Advantages of Incineration
Waste volume reduced to less than 5%
At sufficiently high temperature, and residence time, any hydrocarbon vapour can be oxidized to carbon di oxide and water.
Relatively simple devices capable of achieving very high removal efficiencies.
Heat can be recovered & generate energy ( Waste of Energy)
Most gases are burnt - well designed systems
Easy to maintain & more efficient use of space
Only solution for certain waste types ( Hazardous and biomedical waste).
Disadvantages of incineration
High expense
Continued emission of toxic or hazardous pollutants
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#ClimateAction #GreenTechnology #WasteReduction
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#GreenTechnology #WasteReduction #circulareconomy
#shortsvideo #gtu_exam #gtuchannel #gtustudies.
#environmentalengineering #environment
‪@Civil101‬ ‪@AnimeEdu‬ ‪@EnvironmentalEngineering2‬ ‪@EducationEnvironment‬

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