Care tips for grapes vines,or ,plants with spray

Grapevine diseases
Both indoor and outdoor grapes suffer from fungal diseases which affect leaves and fruit. The three top grape diseases are downy mildew, powdery mildew, and grey mould. Four grapevine viruses have also recently been detected in the U.K. but are not currently known to be widespread.
Grape powdery mildew
Quick facts
Common name Downy mildew, Powdery mildew and Grey mould
Scientific name Plasmopara viticola, Erysiphe necator and Botrytis cinerea
Plants affected Grapevines
Main causes Fungus,,,,,
What are grapevine diseases?
The three main diseases that affect grapevines in the UK are;
Downy mildew on the leaves - caused by the fungus-like organism Plasmopara viticola
Powdery mildew on the leaves and fruit - caused by the fungal pathogen Erysiphe necator
Grey mould leading to fruit rot - caused by the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea
Grapevines are also rather susceptible to the root disease honey fungus.
Recently, RHS researchers have detected four viruses affecting grapevines in the UK - caused by Grapevine virus A; Grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus; Grapevine fleck virus; and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1
Symptoms
Typical symptoms for the three diseases are as follows;
Downy mildew
Yellowish patches occur on the upper surfaces of leaves, often limited by veins, corresponding to whitish patches of fungus growth on the lower surfaces
Powdery mildew
White powdery fungal growth occurs on leaves, stems and fruits
Sometimes growth of the powdery mildew fungus is sparse and the symptom is a grey or purplish discolouration of the leaves
Fruit may become split or may drop prematurely if infected by powdery mildew
Fruits damaged by powdery mildew are often then infected by the grey mould pathogen and rot, or become mummified
Grey mould
Fruit becomes soft and brown, especially as it starts to ripen
A fluffy grey mould may appear on the affected fruits, particularly when humidity is high
Viruses
Rugose wood complex - reduced vigour and delayed bud break. Swellings may develop, on grafted vines, above the graft union. In some cultivars, a thick, corky layer of bark forms. The stem may become marked by pits and grooves. May be transmitted by vegetative propagation, and also by mealybugs and scale insects feeding activities
Fleck disease - causes leaves to become wrinkled, twisted, flecked or show yellow spots or veins. The whole plant may be stunted. Transmitted by vegetative propagation only
Leafroll disease - leaves become thick and brittle, leaf margins roll downwards, inter-veinal reddening on red-fruited cultivars, inter-veinal yellowing on white-fruited cultivars. May be transmitted by vegetative propagation, and also by mealybugs and scale insects feeding activities
Grapevine degeneration/decline - on leaves, vein banding, yellow mosaics or mottling may be seen, leaves may also develop malformed or fan-shaped, vines progressively decline producing low yields of poor-quality fruit
Moor information about grapes diseases or any information for any Fruit planets , contact us ,,,[phone] WhatsApp,,,

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