"Anti" Magnetic water and Levitating Graphite by Diamagnetism
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- Опубликовано: 26 фев 2010
- Diamagnetism is the property of a substance to be repelled by a magnetic field. Interestingly enough, water shows this effect. We build a simple, but very sensitive detector to show this. We also show pyrolytic carbon that is so diamagnetic that it can float above magnets if they are arranged the right way.
Water is diamagnetic, meaning it's slightly repelled by a magnetic field. But in everyday life this is almost impossible to notice. We need to build a very sensitive detector to see it.
Just get a basin of water and float a styrofoam block in it. Styrofoam is very light and so even the small repulsive force of a test tube of water will have a noticeable push on it. Push the test tube of water into the center of the block and simply hold a strong neodymium magnet as close as possible to the tube without touching it. It's a very small force, but eventually the block will start moving away from the magnet.
Pyrolytic graphite, also called pyrolytic carbon, exhibits the same effect and can even be made to levitate on top of a magnet. A single magnet is unstable since the graphite will like to fall off the side. But having four magnets and arranging them like in the video will create a "void" in the center that the graphite "falls" into and remains stably levitated.
Some online dealers selling pyrolytic graphite:
www.kjmagnetics.com/
scitoys.com/
digikey.com
If you know any good sellers, message me. 
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I expected that voice to instruct me on where to leave the ransom.
fucking magic, i knew you were a wizard
I love how thorough you are with anticipating questions. That is probably why I like this channel so much.
Very cool video. How do you make sure that electric charge from static buildup is not causing the repulsion? Static on Styrofoam is notoriously difficult to control.
You should have used a large ice cube for the test for water magnetism. That way, you can eliminate any effect caused by the diamagnetism of the glass.
Is there any known reason that would cause inaccurate results from this ice cube suggestion? I think thats a great idea, and simple too.
Bad idea ice melting cause movement
so does this mean that water on earth would wiegh slightly less because of the earths magnetic field?
To get a force from magnetism you need a gradient of magnetic intensity. The gradient of Earth's magnetic field is very weak, so the force of this field on water would be very difficult to measure.
It means the water on earth would repell from the center of a supposed ball...
That technic is thought in armies in order to detect directions in critical conditions of detections directions .. due eath magnetic field only
I can't stop watching your videos!!! They are so interesting and I'm learning so much!!
@daenumen the problem is every container is either diamagnetic or paramagnetic (and in the case of metals, possibly ferromagnetic). Only a container of precise composition of opposing materials can cancel the effect.
So for this experiment you can't do it. But for other experiments you avoid the container. For example, a stream of water falling from a tap is moved very slightly by a strong enough magnet. I don't have such a magnet on hand and thus can't make a video for it.
This is how they levitated a frog
The most funny thing about most of the comments here is that, despite the correct explanation in the video, people have made up their own minds (incorrectly) on what they think is driving the effect shown in the video. An interesting psychological result, I think. =)
+Erik People dont like to see things that go against what they already believe to be true.
+Erik Eureka! A breakthrough! For chemistry... AND Psychology! ^-^
+newdefsys their response should be a video to actually show us.. so far its just words with no sound science explained.
Captain Morgan lol captain morgan. we're in 17th century
It's amazing that you're putting up all these videos online. I wish I had all of these when I was in high school. Taught lessons would've been so much more interesting.
Could you also incorporate some experiments relating to biological chemistry? Say like chlorophyll or testing for chemicals in blood?
@Dotamandtan i'm aware of that but this way with the boat shows clearly that the water is diamagnetic, its repelled by magnetic fields. Bending water shows its affected, but its not as clear that it's diamagnetic.
to avoid diamagnetic property of glass, why don't try with a little cube of ice? (piece of ice floating on water)
Good Idea but it seems, the molecular orbital of ice is getting narrower than liquid water due to the lower kinetic energy level of lower temperature. so, the electron in ice is moving slowly and would weaken the repulsive effect of water.
@@willysatrionugroho8086 You forget, ice is less dense than water. It actually has a larger orbital than liquid water... Just saying. Check your facts. There is a reason warm water will freeze in minutes while cold water takes hours... the state of the water actually requires more energy, or larger spacing to transition into a frozen state... Perhaps your explanation/hypothesis needs review? Cheers, B
@@mundymorningreport3137 That's really good thing to consider. I was too focused on "a water molecule behavior" and neglect some important facts when it form water molecules. Thank you to remind me.
@@mundymorningreport3137 Wow, I didn‘t know that before. I only knew that somehow water expands as it freezes. Awesome!
+NurdRage ;Wow! This was so cool, for me.
I heard something, not long ago,; the difference between a dumb person, and a smart one?
The dumb person thinks they know all there is to know. The smart person knows; one never stops learning.
That's me, and, I think a lot of others, who love stuff like this.
I don't play video games, but, I read voraciously, and, one thing the internet's done, is it's let me go off on so many tangents - utterly unrelated things, and it's just such a thing, which - happily - led me here.
Thanks for this video, I'm hooked, and subscribed.
me too
One of the best clips about diamagnetism.
@rickylain measure the effect quantitatively without the water present, then measure with the water present, you'll see the effect is stronger with the water, indicating the water is diamagnetic.
If you had a maganet strong enough, could you levitate water? What would that even look like?
This is a bit late, but you certainly can. In fact, there is a video online of a frog being levitated in an extremely strong magnetic field.
Water vapor gets levitated by Earth's magnetic field.
@@_John_Sean_Walker really?
@@yasyasmarangoz3577 Water vapor is chemical 'groups' with a charge.
I had no idea that Jigsaw was such a science geek.
lel
Excellent video. Takes me back to when I was doing chemistry, I helped design an experiment to measure diamagnetism. We placed a pair of strong magnets with a small separation on a four figure balance and then slid an NMR tube containing the sample down in between then magnets. The change in weight is related to the diamagnetic strength of the material.
You're a wizard, Harry!
The magnet interacts with the pyrolytic carbon creates small currents ( edi currents) that repell the magnetic force
not quite. you need a CHANGING magnetic field for that to happen, or the pyrolytic carbon would have to be MOVING through the magnetic field. When neither the magnet nor the carbon are moving/changing, eddy currents do not exist. What's happening here is similar. almost the same really, but it is on a sub-atomic level. electrons within the orbits of each atom are opposing the magnetic field. As they spiral around within an atom, they are locked in their orbits by various forces and a magnetic field applies a force to change their orbits, and they oppose that change, in turn opposing the magnetic field.
so it is true, magnets effect water. magnets effect body fluids and all of that
@happyguy82 to some extent, the principles that make this effect work also work for MRI scanners, but applied in a different way obviously. The water being diamagnetic allows the MRI scanner to probe the protons (the nucleus) of the hydrogen in water and get their distribution in the body, with enough data an image can be constructed.
The MRI doesn't use repulsion exactly... but it does use the diamagnetism, a property of which is repulsion.
@m0v1L The total gravity of the *earth* has more of an effect on an object than its magnetic field. Please pay attention to the context of the question.
In the future they should have magnets as the ground
And circuit boards made of what?
They could use the magnets to stimulate anti-gravity on earth, or stimulate gravity in space and eventually, make a habitable artificial planet in space.
Benjamin Stefl ...stimulate?;)
Benjamin Stefl errr everything would have to be magnetic and have the same magnetic field and be the same distance from the ground and have absolutely no unbalanced forces on it for it to be "anti-gravity".... try to levitate a paperclip with a single magnet. impossible. same for simulating gravity.
Mike Cammiso the reason itsw impossible to levitate a paper clip is because it is attracting to the magnet.
Yes, its real! I do it! I have a video using bismute.
Thanks for the great response, it answered my question very well.
I'm in grade 7 and I am unschooled and your videos definitely contribute to my education. Thank you.
This is the future material for levatating cars, and neodymium magnets will be placed in the road. Pretty cool stuff.
Great experiment and explained aloud .this was very informative thanks!
Your videos are awesome man! Good explanations.
Wow, very interesting, I have subscribed a's I am a premed student and find all chemistry related info informative. Thanks again and look forward to watching the rest of your videos!!
Thanks, best example for diamagnetism I found so far.
I have conducted similar experiments using a high voltage corona. What I have found is that diamagnetic materials attract along the length of the wire but they repel at the ends of the wire, this video has given me some more ideas. Thank you.
fair enough. that was a terribly thought out idea , but it just came to me and i felt the need to ask. thank you for your response sir =D carry on
dear nurdrage, thank you for this experiment.
great vids... love all of them.
Learning is fun, knowledge is power.
Great vid. this seems to support the work or balanced rhythmic interchange and the cubic wave form model, of Walter Russel. Do you concur?
This is a very sensibly made and explained video, a pearl amongst the thorns of the usual you-tube trash. Thank you.
hi i dont think i have watched all of your videos yet, because i just stumbled along them a couple days ago, but i was wondering if you had any videos of that magnetic, black, liquid stuff?
if not could you make one some day? Thanks, Kaylor
Excellent video, Nurd Rage!
Thank you for sharing! So cool.
Your my favorite youtube channel!
I don't know if this has been mentioned yet or not, but a pretty cool and easy way to show the effect of magnetic field on water is to turn on your faucet at an extremely low flow rate, but having a constant and continuous stream, then stick a magnet next to it. You will see the stream of water being pushed to the side from the magnet. No need for any foam blocks or glass test tubes. Just a faucet and a magnet.
Perfectly brilliant. Love it
Hey there! Is there any way I could create a strong electromagnetic field enough to repel water with considerable force?
@CheIgevara Yes, it also works with distilled water.
Great video- Thank you for posting this video up :)
Diamagnetic effects depend on the fact that all atoms have electrons in "orbit" about their nuclei. Both the electrons individually and the nuclei have their own spin states and a composite spin state. The spin states will oppose the external magnetic field if the material is diamagnetic or support the field if they are ferromagnetic (much simplified, see ferrimagnetism and spin/orbital magnetism if you don't mind mental confusion :P). Any degree of diamagnetism and ferromagnetism can occur. That's how you get Bismuth & Graphene (aka Pyrolitic Graphite), two really neat diamagnetic materials, and NdFeB super magnets at the ferromagnetic end. Everything else falls in between. Magnetic Frog Levitation, anyone?
@aboriani its clearer here that its a repulsive effect. the water stream bending, while the same science is happening, isn't quite as clear to the experimenter that it's repulsive.
What i should have done was demonstrate both, first the water stream so that something is happening, and then the boat to confirm that its a repulsive effect.
Nice informative video. Thanks.
the levitating pyrolytic carbon over neodymium magnets was really cool.
@cyalense no, because while the water is repelled by the magnet, the magnet must also be repelled by the water (for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction, newton's third law). If i put the magnet on the Styrofoam it would exert a tiny opposite force on the Styrofoam and thus the two forces would perfectly cancel each other out, preventing any motion. By holding the magnet the Styrofoam only feels the force of the water, and can thus start moving.
In your video you say that a superconductor would be a perfect diamagnet. I think that for a comparison of how large the effect will be in a superconductor compared to water or the graphite it would be awesome to see you make one. I heard that yttrium barium copper oxide or the 1,2,3-superconductor is actually quite easy to make and works with liquid nitrogen temperatures, which you have acces to. So could you make one:). Thanks in advance
I am not sure, but I have a vague memory of passing free falling water from a sink through the air gap of two aligned magnets and the path the water traveled was diverted. Al is also diagmagnetic and can be used as a frictionless (but high temperature) braking system in the presence of a fixed magnetic field (which can be moved close to high rpm/diameter aluminum discs typically), provided the field is strong enough and the Al is passing through the field fast enough.
Great demonstration! Now all you need is a bitter magnet.
you can also run very small stream of water from your faucet and use magnet and see the running water moving. I remember doing this as a kid.
@thel0rider because it is distilled water. if you doubt it try it yourself.
This is an incredible video, brah! Can you make a video on efforts to make pyrolytic carbon/graphite transparent? Or possible unanchored suspended parafluid? Or transparent pyrolytic carbon IN a parafluid?! If you could make any video like this it woudl seriously blow my mind and I would be SUPER THANKFUL and try and return the favor.
this guy.....is friggin awesome.
Understanding magnets and carbon.pull and push. And the sunlight.
You made it.
Right, you can do the same experiment with any non-ferrous material. So how would you “attract” it ?
I have watched a few videos and sir you have a subscriber.
Very interesting. So does dissolving salt or other materials in the water alter the diamagnetic properties?
how can we get that 4 sqare magnets.
does this effect also happens with pure distilled water?
So since we were mostly water, would we levitate over a magnetar or would the gravity win out? No "weak spots" in the field, though...
I was about to ask about that until I saw your comment, thanks for clarification :D
I read that the diamagnetic material actually sets up a weak magnetic field in it. This is due to the magnetic field of the magnet interacting/affecting the spin of the electrons in the diamagnetic material and creating a net magnetic field in one direction which opposes the field from the magnet - hence the polarity of this induced magnetic field is actually the same polarity (N or S).
what if you took some of that graphite and ground it up and mixed it with water , would the effect be "additive" so to speak, increasing the repulsion?
Water repels magnetic fields with a weaker force than graphite. The effect will be weaker since you are replacing some graphite molecules with water.
note true
Very useful information.
You did great!
Hey! that's very cool! i would love to make one!
it's amazing how magnetism can almost affect anything. most people believe it only effects metals but it doesn't. any object that is effected by it will either be paramagnetic or diamagnetic. and then some are non-magnetic. but this here is pretty cool
What if you put paralytic carbon powder on magnet?
Is there a with added sodium chloride? Sodium ions are paramagnetic would that have any effect? Which makes me wonder about the sea floor.
@EcksFacktur nope, i touched the water and neutralized any static potential difference between myself and the apparatus.
@NurdRage what type of water did you use? tap water? spring water? chlorinated water? Sea water? would the different types of water have a bearing on the results?
Does the amount of Pyrolytic graphite affect the behavior? Would more graphite mean more repulsion, or is the weight of a heavier piece going to pull it down?
If that's possible. Why don't we coat the outer submarine in magnet, to repel water, or water pressure, wouldn't that work? or is there something else that prevents it from repelling water?
WD40 would do the trick.
You'd need an incredibly strong and heavy magnet to counter the pressure of water on a submarine. And it wouldn't do much good as the magnet would transfer the force to the hull where it's mounted.
is this the trick of running water with static charge or is that different
I was going to ask for you to try using just the glass tube so that we can see the difference in repulsion, or for you to put the water in a length of soda straw. But an ice cube (as was suggested below) might be a better self contained isolation of water from container solution.
If u where to make a skateboard out of that and put giant magnets would u still be floating on "air" aka its force
Look up Lexus created hover board tech on you tube
You can order diamagnetic pyrolytic carbon off of magnet hobby websites. I made a magnet levitator using two 3cm x 2cm x 2mm strips of pyrolytic carbon, and eight neodymium magnet cubes as the anti-gravity force. It could levitate a single 1/4" neodymium magnet. Unfortunately, it requires precise adjustment to get the space between the carbon right, as well as the distance from the 8 magnets. It involved searching for threaded bolts made of plastic at Home Depot. Very hard to find.
Can you do some demonstration with graphite please and flake graphite?. Any value type please as there is different grades as you know
@SlimBoyArcadeFire I never said water was magnetic. i said it was diamagnetic, it repels magnetic fields. Pure water also exhibits diamagnetism.
@rinkagamine991 You can research how an MRI unit works. One of the key enabling points is that water is diamagnetic, allowing the hydrogen atoms to be directly influenced with radio waves. If it were paramagnetic it wouldn't work.
If you think i'm wrong do the research yourself.
You can also hold a magnetic up to running tap water and it will bend away from it. I learned from experience.
Loved it..............
luv your vids!
cool video man!
but seriously are you lowering your voice with computer software?
Is there a possibility that the heat emanating and radiating off your fingers might also be contributing to this movement, albeit slight, still a possibility/
I can't remember the experiment completely, but when I was in high school, my Chemistry teach demonstrated the diamagnetic properties of water by taking a glass rod i think it was, charging it with static electricity by using a piece of fabric, and then placing it next to a stream of water coming out of the faucet. If you looked carefully you were able to see the water bend away from the glass rod. It was quite entertaining!
The end isnt boring you just need epic music in the background like the classic requiem for a dream song would suffice
you can actually also do the levitation with a small magnet on a ceramic plate with liquid nitrogen. My teacher in grade 10 did it in class aha, he just put the small magnet on the ceramic plate and poured the liquid nitrogen on it and it floated. if you blow on it, it can also spin
Would it be practical to create an oscillating engine (or electrical generator) out of magnets? Or would the effort used to create the magnets be worth significantly less than its potential electrical output?
Newton's third law of motion hits you square in the face in this case:
For the water to move forward, the magnet must move backward, eventually they will become too far separated. if you tether them together then the forces cancel out and you get not overall motion.
So if we get a strong enough magnetic field, we could create a sort of "bubble of air" under water. Of course the water pressure would have to be taken into account as the deeper you got the more the field would have to work, no?
Also if you try the pyrolytic graphite part up side down, does it just fall, or does it do the same thing as super cooled metal "Magnetic levitation"?
Really cool vid! One of those "no way!"-moments. =D
What has a greater effect on the levitation; the strength of the magnetic field, or the properties of the daimagnetic material?
i would its like multiplacation. both are needed and help each other. Just a guess though.
See if zinc or magnesium will exhibit paramagnetism as well. They should, since they have no unpaired electrons.