First Opium War - Gunboat Diplomacy - Extra History - Part 3
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- Опубликовано: 28 сен 2024
- 📜 The First Opium War - Part 3 - Extra History
The British responded to the Chinese halting their ships by erecting a blockade outside Canton. They fired a warning shot to turn back a private British merchant ship, the Royal Saxon, which attempted a blockade run, and the Chinese sent out their own navy to defend the runner. They were demolished. The British had better ships and better firepower. They made to discuss a treaty, but the Chinese refused to give in to the British demands regarding ownership of Hong Kong. The British moved on to capture Chusan, an island near Shanghai. Then a rumor prompted them to believe that China planned to strike against them, so they acted pre-emptively and kicked off the Battle of Chuenpee. Again they won, but the slaughter was so horrifying that Superintendent Elliot was glad to seek a peace treaty with the emperor's envoy, Qishan. Finally, Qishan agreed to give up Hong Kong, to give the British better trade status, in exchange for which Britain returned the land they'd taken. But Elliot's supervisor back in London, Lord Palmerston, felt the treaty didn't go far enough, especially since it didn't re-establish opium trading rights. And the Emperor found Qishan's capitulation disgraceful, even threatened to have him hanged for it. What had looked like moderate wins for both sides suddenly threatened to fall apart.
Learn about the disastrous Macartney Embassy that tried and failed to improve British trade relations with China: bit.ly/28Ro4B1
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After he was fired, Charles Elliot was transferred to a post in the Republic of Texas, which was the 1840's equivalent of being transferred to Antarctica. While there he succeed in negotiating a treaty of recognition and peace between Mexico and Texas which was to be guaranteed by France and Great Britain. However, the Texas Congress threw it out in favor of Annexation to the United States.
Sounds about right.
The poor guy just can't catch a break.
good now we have arizona
@@benwilsonMMA well.. there is always the virgin islands
Of course America
Wow if Qishan is fine he must be the longest living person in the world
No... Just Chinese people for ya.
+Delayed just Asians.
lol
I've observed a strange phenomena among Asians, particularly women. They appear young well into their 50's, then, when their sons/daughters bear them grandchildren, they shrivel up into old grandmas. It's similar to some Nordic women - I know one lucky woman in her 30's who's daughter is constantly mistaken for her sister.
president comacho Can you show me some valid studies that show that?...*Giggle*... (I think you have a lot of pent up racism.)
Elliot is one of my favorite historical figures covered in Extra History, and this video perfectly encapsulates why. He's not eager to spill blood by any means, but he's also not spineless. Wedged between duty to his country and the ideals of that country, he picks the ideals, but does not entirely betray his duty. He's been put in a shitty position by his superiors and is trying to make the best of it. The British come first in his eyes, but the Chinese are still people.
It's rare to see a guy that committed to doing the right thing in the face of so much wrong.
Truly the world needs more people like Charles Elliot and John Rabe.
Great Post HalfTangible
Nope, he is evil
Strong and Reasonable. That is Elliot.
Too bad Lord Palmerston is a greedy and Daoguang Emperor is an idiot.
he is a war criminal indeed.
So basically...two people that are against war make the absolute best deal possible to avoid war...and their bosses are pissed because they didn't get all the things? ...These sound like really smart leaders to me...
If you can find power, you will also find people who don't deserve it.
Look from the British view of the things though. They were superior in terms of technology so a war against the Chinese wouldn't have been too costly for them.
If anything , a war was the most profitable way. The Qing got smashed while the Brits got everything they wanted with minimal losses.
That's the mark of a good compromise, it leaves no one satisfied.
That sounds about right. Leaders can be greedy, arrogant, and utterly stupid. Sadly the smartest people in that situation were the ones that didn't have all the power. Could negotiate a great deal, but doesn't matter if the leaders are idiots.
Unfortunately it WASN'T a great deal from the British perspective. And as unfair and unreasonable as it was, it made perfect sense for the British to reject the terms.
knock knock
It's the United Kingdom
with huge boats, with guns, (gunboats)
"Open the country.
Stop having it be closed"
said the United Kingdom
yes
"we just want to sell some shit.
like clocks. and guns. and 《|{ *JESUS* }|》
and opium haha
I understood that reference
What are they referencing in the comment?
"Don't worry he lived, he's fine." XD I'm glad though
The fact that the Empire has a new super advanced and powerful warship named 'Nemesis' is incredibly space opera-esque
The Brits have the best names for things.
It always baffles me how these seemingly impossible combinations of unfortunate circumstances errupt in an all-out war.
It's baffling because you subconsciously notice that this is too much of an coincidence and you are right.
@@alexfrank5331 as great man once said the biggest difference between reality and fiction is that fiction must at least make some sense
You should include Queen Victoria's letter to her uncle King Leoppold of Belgium when you do the lies. It illustrates the attitude of the English at home:
"The Chinese business vexes us much, and Palmerston is deeply mortified at it. All we wanted might have been got, if it had not been for the unaccountably strange conduct of Charles Elliot ... who completely disobeyed his instructions and tried to get the lowest terms he could. [...] The attack and storming of the [Chuenpee] Forts on the 7th of January was very gallantly done by the Marines, and immense destruction of the Chinese took place. The accounts of the cruelty of the Chinese to one another are horrible. Albert is so much amused at my having got the Island of Hong Kong, and we think Victoria ought to be called Princess of Hong Kong in addition to Princess Royal".
Did Queen Victoria have a daughter also called Victoria or are you mistaken about who the author of this letter was?
joelproko
Yep, Queen Victoria of Prussia
No mistake. :) Queen Victoria had a daughter named Victoria: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria,_Princess_Royal
Also, Queen Victoria's mother was also named Victoria: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Victoria_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Best comment. I love learning about the background stuff like this.
+Quick Dodge
I'd think otherwise, considering the Queen's full name was Alexandrina Victoria of Hanover, her daughter Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and Mary Louise Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld before her.
but how could all the peaceful souls be taken ou-WALPOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOLE!
WALPOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOLE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Spoiler:
It was Walpole. It's. Always. Walpole.
Walpole. Walpole never changes.
He strike again!
I love that he's become the running joke/gag of the series
"Don't worry, Qi Shan lived; he's fine." Yeah, lives in Montreal now. Spends his days playing Go and CandyCrush.
0:04 the wa stands for Waluigie
WAAAAAHHH
WAAAAAAHHHH
Ah, Lord Palmerston. Of course *he* would get involved, being the Foreign Secretary at the time...
Would you be interested in a trade agreement with England?
After playing Civilization so many times, hearing that sentence makes me fire up my guns.
YOU GET A MUSTACHE! AND YOOOUUUU GET A MUSTACHE! AND YYOOOOOOUUUUUU GET A MUSTACHE!
In the time, the government would pay cops more to have a mustache. The mustache would make you seem more amiable and friendly. From this culture the mustache proliferated like cancer.
Maybe all the Chinese soldiers were under the influence of a moustache?
As a full blown history nerd, I heartily approve of this channel!
Keep up the good work.
Dammit EC! We don't write our dates like that! Feel free to do that mixed up craziness when writing about US history but for the rest of us it's day/month/year.
(Loving your work but seriously stahp with the date murdering)
I very much agree. But to avoid confusion, use day.month.year rather than either slashes version.
How about we compromise and use an international standard like ISO 8601? yyyy-mm-dd
american channel, american dates. you can write yours however you want
It's not like they put numbers for the month, they said the month names out loud. How could you possibly be confused?
He's not confused. He just wants an excuse to wave his European willy around. XD
I mean... "don't sell drugs and obey our laws" is a pretty reasonable request
I look forward to this show every week. Thanks for making it!
2:36 With a ship named "Nemesis", one could only imagine the bat-shit insane things the British would have wanted to do with it.
Dan: *talks about a war over drugs destroying china*
James: *smiles blankly*
Watching all episode I can say, pride was the cause of 99% of the wars.
I think the Three Kingdoms period was one of the most exciting events in Chinese history. A series on it will be highly appreciated.
I CAN'T STAND WAITING A WEEK FOR THESE!!! :D I NEED MORE LOL
Thank you for including the "almost" portions of the trade talks, often omitted by others but which give such a deeper understanding of the issues.
And that day, on opposing sides of the world... Charles Elliot and Qishan facepalmed in unison.
ye
So this comment is specifically for James, I hope he gets to see it. I was driving down the road here in Sunny FL a few weeks ago and I saw a large truck transporting goods down the highway. In very large white letters it said Walpole, not once, not twice, not three times. But from my vantage point I spotted it written four times on this truck and I could only think of you guys.
Loved this episode just like the rest. Keep up the excellent work.
Ah, yes, Victorian era politics at its best.
I wish I could remember the name of the book, but there is an entire book about Elliot and Qishan. Read it back during highschool so its a bit fuzzy in my memory, but I do remember they were both given impossible orders, and neither side actually got what it wanted, but they each got just enough for peace to be possible.
To quote Barney Gumble from Simpsons:
"And I say, England's greatest Prime Minister was Lord Palmerston!" Moments before socking Wade Boggs in the face.
How many people let out an audible "whoa!" when they said the Emperor ordered Qishan to be executed?
Elliot was a hero that was placed in a stituation where heros don't prevail.
"... but don't worry about Qishan he's fine"
HE WALKS AMONG US
Elliot really was a man ahead of his time stuck between a rock and a hard place...
5:24 so the ammunition exploded spontaneously?
More likely, a gun was either overheated, inadequately swabbed between rounds, or both. Or the metal of the gun simply failed when it was fired.
Simple answer: YES! Still happens even with modern gear.
"He ordered Qishan executed for treason... don't worry, Qishan lived, he is fine."
HE IS FINE EVEN TO THIS DAY?! WOW.
I bet Walpole would have been great chums with this Palmerston guy
Pretty sure Qishan is NOT fine. He's dead. just like every other human being in the entire world from that time.
Apart from Keanu Reeves.
Asians age super slow
'The Chinese will stop calling the British tribute-bearing barbarians any more.' Best line ever.
2:25 Never, NEVER think britsh wont retaliate even if they are a whole continent away they will retaliate
Falklands was another example of this..
0:33 Tried and true method. Worked about 120 some odd years later for us in Gulf of Tonken too.
"because walpole" must become a meme.
R I G H T N O W !
It has been one for a while now.
You're way behind the times if you think it isn't already.
"Because Walpole" isn't a meme, the meme is "It was Walpole", but it's more of an in-joke.
I want the fuc*ing image, that's what i want to see on facebook and other media
Irony is that China lost lot more land to Russia due to the aftermath of the Opium War. Britain did the fighting and the largest spoils went to Russia. HK was just a backwater then, underinvested and ignored. It only mattered when it became rich.
Is there something different between the map of China used here and the current map of China. I think I might be going crazy
The Russians haven't annexed half of Manchuria yet and Mongolia hasn't seceded from China.
There is. Qing Dynasty China had some land that the PRC does not have, such as most of Mongolia and parts of modern-day Russia in the east.
This episode is kinda fitting for a chill Sunday morning, especially with the whole British exit going on right now
This Palmerston fellow seems like a real Walpole.
I just binge watched this channel for an hour, darn you for making History bite-sized enjoyable, and then stroking an appetite for learning more!
When reason wins the day, diplomats get recalled and replaced promptly.
Having a war.
Step 1 - Remove all voices of reason
Step 2 - BOOM
People Thinking Britain is "Too far away to fight."
Britain: *Is that a challenge?*
one fact: china sees others as a tribute vassal state unless convinced to think in another way by a war. they think still pretty much same nowadays.
A small point of nitpicking, if I may; the Union Jack used throughout this video and the second one in this series is an older one. The Act of Union in 1801 unified the until then separate kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland, leading to the inclusion of a partial cross of St. Patrick in the design. Oddly though, the jack in the East India Company flag's canton is the current version.
Gunboats are terrible. They seem to always end up making trouble in East-Asia.
I mean something called a Gunboat is going to make trouble pretty much anywhere. It's what it's built for :p
I am the Captin !
Make your country not closed!
So if a country decides to stop trading with the outside world, it should be invaded and it's population slaughtered? Ok, time for Europe to invade Britain.
+wingracer 16 yes
I love y'alls animation so much! It's so funny, and it's incredible how much emotion and action you guys can convey with such simple animation!
The British flag being used in the pictures is inaccurate. The flag of Kingdom of Great Britain is being used but the Opium War was after Ireland was brought into the UK and the flag was altered. Absolutely love these history videos though.
"all the voices of reason removed". Yep, pretty good summary.
I adore this series. Thank you so much for making it EC. I've shared these videos and some EC videos with friends and family. Keep doing what you do fam
so basically war continued because pride.
Man, I just love your history series! I can't wait for more! XD
Oh china. You have the most powerful force in the world bearing down on you and you shout for more war...
Well to be fair both sides messed up with mixed signals that led to more war
Most powerful Navy. Could you imagine what a nightmare it would have been if the British tried a full on land invasion of the whole country? They tried that once in America too (actually twice by this point), didn't turn out so well then. China would have been a disaster. Never get involved in a land war in Asia.
Frank Hill Still the emperor is given a favorable peace treaty and declines
They couldn't possibly conceive they weren't the most powerful empire in the world. They had been the most advanced empire for the two previous millenia. Only the few Chinese that had to fight the British could understand that they weren't usual tribute barbars.
@Fatortu ok, but surely they could have been clued in by looking at the capability of the British ships and weapons. The British were able to travel the world for trade and expansion, but I don't think the Chinese could with their smaller ships. The Chinese just thought they could still negotiate from a position of power? Both sides of the conflict don't look very good in this part of history.
Walpole lives again! 7:46
I gotta read up on this Elliot guy. Seems like a real decent fella
I was waiting for this
6:46 PITT THE ELDER!
LORD PALMERSTON!
These guys defeated the China from different part of the world
Can someone explain to me why a lot of the discussion in the comments is around how both sides were at fault? Because to me it seems like the EIC and Britain itself got an entire society addicted to drugs for minding its own business. (And basically, drugs r bad so that was a terrible thing to do and it's on them that this conflict happened at all?) I know this perspective is simplistic but it's just how I'm interpreting the situation so far - would genuinely appreciate any kind of insight on this
This is giving me heavy WW1 vibes.
"Don't worry, Qishan lived, he's fine."
Phew, got me worried there. Tell him I said hi!
I never understood the Wapole joke, so I watched the South Sea Bubble episode and I totally get it. He is literally the Ninja Ayatollah of Craftiness.
Was china bigger back then???
yes. entire mongol, part of russia, part of india, part of Japan island and Korea for vassal during qing dynasty
VAST. Do you understand that China had mapped out the coast line as far west as the Cape of Good Hope in Africa by the 1400's ??
Why didn't they conquer it?
+Jlink922 In Chinese mind, if conquer barbarian country with low economy , China feel will waste money resources and maintain that country . So China established Tribute, Vassal and Puppet country. Total more than over 20 country were tribute state of China from Han to Qing dynasty
oh
6:30 - Well this was a short series, I thought the Opium wars had a lot more going on.
Wait there's a minute and a half left... so much for a happy ending.
In all fairness to the british (this comes from someone who plays alot of eu4 and civ) they obviously had a massive upper hand on the chinese, why shouldnt they demand more if they know that the chinese arent able to effectively resist them?
when start Opium war, there was a public debate on British court, " a British general said we may defeat China But we unable conquer China. " China not like Africa or India. And later Boxer Rebellion, British need 8 alliance ( include Russia, German, France, Italy, Japan, Austria, Portugal ) to defeat China in 19century.
+Sprie Spear miss a alliance " USA " which also join during boxer rebellion. But yet imperial China was not overthrow immediately
+XDflamesoffury Yes, the British has a powerful military due to a upper hand in technology. But that alone is not enough to conquer a large unified nation like China. Plus they have other parts of territory to defend as well to maintain it's empire. The only reason why they took India so easy was it was divided and controlled by different rulers.
Clee4000 but as we will see later (if my limited knowledge of the 1st opium war is correct) Britain won some fairly decisive victories against the Chinese and were able to get an extremely favorable treaty, so werent they correct to decline this 1st peace offer? I dont think they were ever expecting to own all of China, but the treaty of Nanking far exceeded what they would have got if they accepted peace then.
***** Yes, you are correct.
W....Walpole? YOU HAD YOUR LIFESPAN!
I'm surprised. I'd always liked Lord Palmerston. This is a new side of him.
i don't know why, but every time i see something even referencing the opium war, i keep thinking of the same, old saying: "the road to hell is paved with good intentions".
So england has a hissy fit over tea seems legit. *Sips tea*
I am reminded of a qoute my old Bachelor professor told me. "There is no territory that the british could not reach, no place where you could escape british law, and if you tried they would park a battleship outside and bomb you're capital into submission." It's a rough qoute.. But the point is clear.
short , simple and engaging. . bravo!!
The "All the Rules" book at the beginning of this video, looking at the spine, reads from right to left. (Did traditional horizontal Chinese writing read from right to left?)
When you've 100% completed the game and come back for the optional boss
Elliot is practically the only logical dude
You hold fast to your duty, and I shall hold fast to mine.
Elliot & Qishan: HEY GUYS WE GOT SOME PRETTY GOOD DEALS HERE THAT BENEFITS EVERYONE AND BASICALLY NOTHING SUPER SERIOUS HAPPENED
British & Chinese rulers: No screw you
Why isnt anyone talking about the amazing animation?!
I... I'd heard a little about the Opium wars. I've watched all of Extra History, and I never expected to be so horrified by a part of it. The voices of reason trying to do the closest to the right thing that they could manage getting thrown out, wild rumors leading to massacres...
This was a dark day in history.
+BugsydorPrime This is why Western Imperialism was terrible!
it was Walpole the whole time
There's often a pattern in history: moderates are dismissed as cowards or traitors during times of increased tension.
7:08 LOL he wanted Opium legalized in China, haha.
This is so brilliantly done. Thank you for making this.
Feel so bad so charles elliot. Dude ended a war with minimal bloodshed and pretty good deal and got in trouble for it.
Lol "dont worry QS lived, hes fine" ....I dont know extra history, I think time took its toll on everyone in this tale. ;3
7:46 DAMN YOU WALLPOLE!!!!!!!!
The pride of nobles always leads to the death of good men
"Don't worry he's fine" um... does the Extra Credits team know something about mortality from all these books they've read that the rest of us dont. Like how to make the philosophers stone or something.
ONLY HISTORY SHOW BETTER THAN CRASHCOURSE!
I spy with my little eye, the man, the myth, the legend, sir Walpole himself. and he wants no peace.
I used to come here for video game stuff, but now I'm here just for history lessons.
7:45 Dammit Walpole!
Imagine what could have been avoided with a zoom meeting and Google translate 😂
Excuse me I LIVE on that 'barren rock'!