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The original references are obtained via xray crystallography. Hence, many are available for carboxylic acids as many of those are solids. The rest are obtained via chemical comparisons similarly to what I described in this video.
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we cannot determine the R and S configuration unless we have some reference.
Then, how did they measure and mark R or S for those reference compounds?
The original references are obtained via xray crystallography. Hence, many are available for carboxylic acids as many of those are solids. The rest are obtained via chemical comparisons similarly to what I described in this video.