Grow More Food with Perennial Fruit and Nut Bushes, Vines and Trees
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- Опубликовано: 21 апр 2016
- This time of year I love going out into the garden to check on my perennials to see which ones are beginning to show signs of life. It is a bit of a passion of mine to add to my urban orchard.
This brings me to today’s subject. Earlier in the Urban Gardening Series I touched on how to plan and start your annual crops but purposely left out perennials. With the inspiration of spring that has me thinking about perennials I thought I would touch on planning for perennials in your small space or urban garden.
Perennials are defined as plants that live for more than two years separating them from annuals or biannual plans that you grow and harvest within a year or two. In the context of your garden they are crops that you plant once and they keep producing year after year.
0:05 Introduction
0:07 Defined perennials
0:51 Food Forest Perennials
1:16 Perennial crops that pay for themselves
2:03 Planning for perennials
2:27 Hardiness Zone
3:18 General growth patterns of perennials: Bush Tree and Vines
3:41 Perennial fruiting bushes
4:10 Perennial fruiting vines
5:21 Perennial fruiting trees
6:40 Finding areas for fruit trees, bushes and vines.
7:30 How do they Pollinate
7:57 Methods to grow more perennials in smaller areas
8:08 Growing fruit bearing perennials in pots or containers
9:12 Growing Espalier trees to produce more food in smaller spaces
list of perennials in my garden and status of production: (31 currently)
Apple Trees: light production expected full production when tree is 5-7 years old
Harcourt
Honey Crisp
Combination Apple Tree 7 Varieties
Espalier Apple Tree: expected full production year 3
Honey Crisp
Spartan
Asparagus: expected full production year 2 from 3 year old roots
Millennium (green)
Purple Asparagus
Ravel (white)
Blue Berries: Light production year 2
North Land
North Country
North Blue
Cherry Tree: expected production 5-7 years
Romeo
Fig: Expected production year 2
Magnolia Breba (container) (lower growth)
Violet De Bordeaux Breba Fig (container) (upright growth)
Goji Berry: expected production year 3 from seed
Grapes: expected full production year 4-5
Heirloom Grandpa Legaree
Heirloom Grandpa Lampi
Frontenac
Frontenac Gris
Valiant
Pixie Dwarf Vine (Container)
Honey Berries: expected full production year 3
Borealis
Berry Blue
Indigo gem (container)
Tundra (container)
Raspberries (unknown varieties) Full production year 2
Two Red and one Yellow variety
Rhubarb: Full production year 2
Arctic Rhubarb from Kay Garvin via Dad
Unknown
Strawberries: Full production year 2
Seascape
Future additions to my orchard:
Apple Tree: Grafting
Goodland
Mike’s Apple
Pear Tree:
Paul’s Pear
Lingon Berries
Mint
Moroccan Mint
Fruit and Nut Trees of Alberta Facebook Page
[1] / 1484297785164334
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My five-year plan for the garden includes the addition of gooseberries, currants, strawberries, blueberries, two rows of grapevines, two apple trees, and one pear tree. It's going to be an ambitious transformation of my side yard!
I love this video series, by the way. So glad you decided to do it!
Wow that sounds like a wonderful plan ! I can't wait to see how it turns out !! FYI pears need a pollinator. I'll be grafting varieties to my tree.
I am really glad you enjoy the series ! I have been enjoying doing it ! Some of the clips are not popular but I have always wanted to follow linearly what is going on in the garden as appose yo jumping around subjects.
You're doing the right thing. It's important to have a wide array of subject matter.
Good luck with your grafting!
I should have done it yesterday but its no good to rain ;)
I have just discovered your channel while searching for advice for gardening in Zone 4 Vermont... This is so helpful! I love your approach to gardening and your creative problem solving. Definitely inspiring for a new homeowner :)
Thanks for the Very rich and clear video.
I love this video. It came just in time for what I have planned next in my own zone 7 garden. I have 4 Honey berries going in. I am also planning a pear tree and some type of nut tree. Your idea of planting a stake and monitoring the sunlight is awesome. Thanks again for being such a great inspiration.
+Brian I am glad I could help!! I find this community so inspiring and that is a large reason why I have so many varieties lol
A butternut tree caught my eye the other day and I might have to add it to my orchard if I can find the space! we shall see though. I need to do some kid stuff first lol.
The stake trick I learnt while putting in my fence. I put them up and watched them to see if I could predict where to put my garden. it worked like a charm!
Wonderful bits of information...Enjoyed the video.
Such deep breaths.
Nice little corner , looks fun .. grow on ..
Peace bro.👍👍👍👍👍☘☘☘☘☘☘☘
great urban garden video, so helpful enlightening thanks
Nice! The espalier apple is an elegant touch to your yard.
Thanks ! It's a beauty of structure.
I agree that moving perennials should be avoided if possible. When I bought my cherry tree, a friend of mine bought one at the same time. A few years later they moved and brought it with them, and my tree has greatly surpassed theirs ever since. Theirs finally started showing growth that was normal for my tree about three years later.
Another great video Stephen, I`m hoping to greatly expand my raspberry patch (maybe into a sort of hedge) and get some new perennial berries in the yard this year as well, so it was a well timed video too.
+Conrad Cardinal That is too bad about their tree!! I think if I ever moved I would leave the orchard here and start again. I think it would add value to the house ;)
I am obsessed with adding new varieties lol. a hedge of Raspberries would be nice!
I'm hoping it will look as good as it'll taste lol
Very unique fruits my friend. TFS. Stay connected 😊
Very thorough my friend and you're right, I'm in zone 4 and my last frost date is the 30th of May!
+Elyse Joseph That is crazy to think about!
I thought I would add another reason it is wise to have perennial fruit and/or nut trees in your garden. Although I am young enough now to actively work in my garden I can see I might not be as capable some years into the future. Having my fruit trees will still be a way I can enjoy what I have planted years from now. I also have planted several espalier trees so I won't need to get up on ladders and the clean up will be easy. My espalier trees have different varieties of apples and pears so I can enjoy longer seasons without be overwhelmed with more of a particular fruit than I need.
Those are great ideas ! I certainly will need to rebuild my raised beds to accommodate lower mobility ! The espalier thought is a great one. Easy to reach maintain and harvest !!
For clarity, in addition to trees, woody shrubs, and vines, some perennial vegetables are 'herbaceous'. This includes plants like rhubarb that do not develop woody stems. Other herbaceous perennials include asparagus, Jerusalem artichokes (aka 'sunchokes'), and artichokes, where they are hardy. Some less familiar perennial vegetables that were once more popular are once again being more widely planted, like Good King Henry, and sea kale.Other herbaceous perennials that are not thought of as vegetables by most gardeners in North America offer the opportunity to expand our edible opportunities into the ornamental garden. Daylilies (shoots, buds, flowers, and roots), hosta (young leaves of thinner leaf types are tender, and make great 'wraps'; flavor varies with cultivar), Eastern redbud trees(flowers, young leaves & young pods), and ground elder; the variegated type is often called 'snow-on-the-mountain (a useful potherb, meaning cooked). No rule against growing food in the front yard will rule out any of these familiar ornamentals! Three of them are herbaceous perennials.
Excellent video Stephen!
Thank you.
nice I have plans on adding two esplilary tree's, and just got two nanking cherry bushes for my bday :) thanks for sharing thumbs up :) (Amber)
+Mark Thieme Amber it sounds like you did well for your birthday!!! Espalier trees are wonderful. I love how they look and they are easy to maintain!
Thanks for the video. Perennials can also help in spreading your garden out of your backyard. Even the grumpiest HOA can hardly argue with a beautiful flowering tree in the front yard and oh yeah I get nectarines. Tuck some grapes on an alley fence or along the fenceline with the neighbor who thinks gardens are messy and let a few grapes get 'stolen'. Before you know it you'll see non-gardeners becoming converts.
Nice selection of edible perennials, Stephen!
Thank you sir ! The list I fear will be longer with the successful over winter of my zone 5 ones. I have ideas for more !
Awhile back you did one on perennials and mentioned a few that were new to me and only hardy to zone 5. By chance do you remember them or if you have a posted list of yours ?
+Alberta Urban Garden Simple Organic and Sustainable I don't think I have a current list of all edible perennials we're growing. Were they veggies or fruit?
Fruit I believe.
A tip: you can watch movies on Flixzone. Me and my gf have been using it for watching lots of of movies these days.
@Vincenzo Mario Definitely, I have been using flixzone} for since december myself =)
Ohh it's a honeyberry, i forgot what i planted in my berry cage as an understory. It's a nice looking plant too! My new garden area is beginning to look like something. I will be planting more perennials there too. I would like to have a chestnut and a walnut. Hard to beat those hops, 10 yo vines, saplings and brambles but getting there. Bleeh, i feel so tiny against that thick mass. It's like snow white's overgrown castle garden's evil twin out there. Ohh no, she choked on an apple, i mean the other princess. Looking fit, Stephen! (if you don't mind me saying) Have a great day!
+melovescoffee I would love to find room for hops but I hear it does just what you said. take over!! I might not mind against the house....
I was looking at a butternut the other day and thought it would be a wonderful nut tree to add to my yard! I wonder if I can find space lol.
Thank you my friend for mentioning it! My wife and I have been working very hard and the results are starting to show!
+Alberta Urban Garden Simple Organic and Sustainable Hops grow like mad through the garden with finger thick underground vines you can't cut with secateurs, can't slice with a shovel, can't hack through with a hoe. The only thing that will cut through it is a sharp pruning saw. Whatever you want to do with it, lock it up in a big tub or something. It also dies back to the ground each year and leaves behind a thick mass of dead vines. Just saying, lol. Year round headache. It is absolutely beautiful though. Just googled butternut, that looks interesting! Until later, garden friend!
in that case Ill just skip that one for now :) thanks for the heads up! the grapes are easier!
Nice video. I'm starting some cherry trees this year!
+Pontiacfan88 I have a small one out front but I have to graft to it so it will produce ;) they are beautiful plants!
Fruit bushes are my favourite
thank you sir, for your quick response!!!😅😂
+Rick Schultz it is my pleasure! :)
Hi! I live 3 hours south of you ;) and am hoping to have some epic gardening happening on my property, one question I have is how to keep those raspberry bushes contained? I had a row at my old place and they quickly took over the entire backyard (10 x 6). I tried putting a few of those bushes in large planters at my new house but only 1 survived and it hasn't produced anything (it's been 2 years).
Thanks for your videos!!
Great video. I got grapes, two apple trees and raspberries. I'd love to try honey berries!
+Ron Hardest honey berries are very good!! I highly recommend them and they do well in pots!
Awesome, I will get some. Just gotta find a place to order from!
There are a few places around in Canada and the US
Home Depot in my area had them last year.
Personally, I grow a lot of red raspberries, although this year I managed to increase my numbers of black raspberries and blackberries, not to mention add in some new varieties, including yellow raspberries. I've also added grapes, blueberries, red currants and gooseberries, to say nothing about roses chrysanthemums and I have plans to add in arctic/hardy kiwi and strawberries, to say nothing about the possibility of apple and pear threes.
It sounds like we both have quite the orchard ;) I wanted to add Artic Kiwi but found out I am allergic to them.
Must have been annoying.
goji berries have some crazy thorns on them, I planted them from tiny pots I ordered and got fruit the first year in zone 10a. Once in got cool it got powdery mildew bad. The fruit need to be left on the Bush a week after they turn red to sweeten.
That's part of the reason I moved mine. They were scratching me as I walked by.
That's a good tip about waiting a week. Thanks.
continuing my comment from your last vid you said you would love to grow sweet cherries well some of these tart cherries are sweet if ripe and are hardy to zone 2b " Carmine Jewel’ is a hybrid cherry developed and released from a breeding
program in Canada. Original breeding work was done by Dr. Les Kerr in
the 1940s and later by the University of Saskatchewan. The hybrid cross
between pie cherries (P. cerasus) and dwarf ground cherry (P. fruiticosa) is the parentage for this very cold hardy bush cherry" these are now a whole bunch of verities called the "romance series" some tend to be sweeter than others but was fun looking into just the same.
+Jerry Devours That sounds just wonderful! I do have a small romeo cherry out in the centre island but a bush cherry might be a great addition to the orchard! If I could grow a pair in a container that would be ideal.... I have some more research to do! thanks!
+Alberta Urban Garden Simple Organic and Sustainable If your willing to treat them like your potted fig then go with a self fertile dwarf Stella mine was good to neg.14f, then graft from there to see what will take. the mom will pollinate the grafts.romeo is part of the romance series and will take 3 years to bust with growth and fruit or so I have been told with my carmine jewel.
I suppose that is right I can take less hardy varieties and grow them along with my Figs! that slipped my mind lol.
Thanks for the suggestion I certainly will be looking into it! I even have a pot for them!
That sounds great!! Where can I get these sweet cherries that can survive the AB climate? Everything I see at the gardening places here are the pie/tart cherry trees
Great video. Greetings from ND.
I am glad you enjoyed the video ! Howdy from Canada ! How is spring coming along for you ?
+Alberta Urban Garden Simple Organic and Sustainable not fast enough of course but my asparagus and ruhbarb have poked up and my grow room is bursting at the seams. so the fun is coming soon!
I just planted my asparagus ! Hope it comes to life soon !!
Tune in tomorrow morning to see my rhubarb :)
Hey I've been looking into honeyberry trees. Any varieties you've had luck with?
i have been clearing an area on my property so i can plant some fruit trees. hoping for 5 or 6 apple trees and a couple plum or pear. hope yours do well.
Thanks for the video.
+Adam Craig I think after this pear I might be out of space for further trees but I will see ;) I am sure an espalier tree somewhere might work!
plant a few in the neighbors yard. Think they will mind??
lol I am not sure ;) that might be something to look into!
steve, thank you again for the info. can help me on how to prune gogi berries?. mine two years old I have starts coming out from the bottom. did some small pruning last year, but could use some more help. sincerely Rick
+Rick Schulte goji berries are best pruned right after the fruit is ripe and harvested. You can be fairly aggressive with them at that point. I just moved mine so ill leave it for a year to recover.
They sucker by the way which is why I moved mine.
Hi there great video quick question I live in Montreal zone 5b if I plant blueberries in pots can I leave them out in the garden without bringing them into a unheated garage during the winter as I don't have space please let me know I appreciate you taking the time for the questions and happy gardening for 2017
I have one in a container and just left it in a shady spot in my garden. As long as it is Hardy to your zone you should be fine.
I live in Winnipeg. Which perennial are best for Winnipeg's cold?
What best flower preferably fragrant can survive in calgary wet soil and part sun
Do you recommend cutting produce off plants until they become established, or allow the fruit to mature and keep fertilizing/mulching with compost? For plants like asparagus, should I allow it to go to see the first year or cut those to force more energy towards roots?
+B Cook ^Seed not "see"
+B Cook I subscribe less to that method of thinking. The plants develop to do both and turning the fruit has limited benefit at least according to the last paper I read on it some time ago. for asparagus I will leave it the first year but thats more so because you harvest the plant itself not a fruiting body.
Awesome. Having jus bought my property I am going to invest more into my perennials this year than my gardens. I bought some northern Pecan nd Hazelnut But have found no information on when to plant them. Any ideas? Do I have to wait for the last frost or can I start them now? Same with my blueberries, I know you can plant them early but they have leaves starting and ass the trees are not leafing yet I am not sure. Thanks for the great videos!
+axe609 if they are dormant you can plant them now as long as the trees in your area are just starting to break buds. hope this helps. Other wise i would keep them in a pot and bring them out during the day and return them to the house at night.
I was thinking of adding a butternut to my yard but am not sure I have space lol
***** Thanks. I am hoping the nuts do well here, but not sure I think they like valleys more and I am mountaintop.
I would not know... I live in the prairies... speed bumps are the highest peaks we have!
***** One more question. I have a lot of trees around my property, tall ones, So I have to compromise a bit on sunlight. Is morning or afternoon sun better for my blueberries, apples, pears and nut trees?
afternoon sun is the best. it is stronger :)
Have you thought about a pollinator for your future pear tree? Last year I planted a Ure pear and a Siberian pear as a pollinator. My parents have a mature Ure pear tree, but yields are rather lousy with their single tree....
+Karl Naundorf I have not gotten that far as of yet but I was thinking another one of the hardy varieties grafted to the main tree. We shall see though! I have year or two before I can graft.
what do you suggest?
+Alberta Urban Garden Simple Organic and Sustainable Paul's Pear is a selectively bred Pyrus ussuriensis, from what I have read the Siberian Pear trees make excellent pollinators with these types of trees. The Siberian Pear tree is the "original" Pyrus ussuriensis, its fruit are tiny and inedible. Think of the Siberian Pear as a crab apple tree, you're yield with large apple trees tend to improve when cross-pollinated with a crab.
I personally do not have experience with two pear trees together that don't have a pollinator like a Siberian, but what I would do (and what I'm doing) is planting the pollinator, and in time will graft some of its branches to my Golden Spice pear tree. Eventually I'll cut the pollinator down once I have a sufficient amount of Siberian branches grafted on to the Golden Spice.
+Karl Naundorf thanks for the tips! I might try collecting a few types of pear on the same tree and see how that goes! I would prefer not to have an "crab apple" variety rather smaller yields of edible crops!
I have some research to do!
Dwarfing root stock is useful for keeping apple, and other fruit, trees small enough to fit very limited spaces. However, dwarfing root stock can be less hardy than standard root stock, which allows the grafted tree to have the vigor to attain its full size. Standard root stocks are much more wind resistant. In windy sites, trees grafted onto dwarf root stocks may need to be staked forever to keep them from blowing over.*Pruning in summer will keep a standard (full-size) fruit tree whatever size you want: dwarf, or semi-dwarf', * but gives the tree the advantage of hardier roots that are more resistant to wind and other challenges. Generally speaking, pruning in winter encourages growth, while pruning in summer reduced size (but encourages branching).Dwarf and extra dwarf root stocks are good choices for espalier, and very small, well sheltered yards, if the hardiness and soil is compatible with the needs of the rootstock.Thanks for taking the time to make and share these interesting videos!
Thanks for the video. I was wondering which direction your corner garden faces and which zone you’re in
Matt T I was wondering the same.
Hello again Stephen, I have some new questions :P
First: Is it ok if I cut young fruit trees now (they have leaves and so on) ? I mean for example I have a apricot tree that I planted in march or so and it is a bit tall (about 1.3m), after seeing some info (on your channel and others) about pruning from height to get a low branching tree (bush like) I thought I should trim mine also...
Another question: Is it late to plant fruit trees now and what would happen if I did ?! (temps are around 20+ daytime, 5-10 at night)
Cheers!
+terapiu you can prune any time between now and early june and then again after fruiting in the fall. I would really resist doing it the first two years to let your plant get established. You can control the plant better when it reacts well to the prune.
you can also plant trees any time. in fact all of my fruit trees with the exception of the espalier were planted in late fall.
So basically you can prune anytime, it's just that you don't prune when fruiting in order to have fruits...
Ok, guess I'll leave the little ones alone for now and go and buy me some apple tree :P
Cheers!
That sounds like a great idea!! todays episode you might like its about my fruit trees as well!
+Alberta Urban Garden Simple Organic and Sustainable Didn't see any new episodes, last one is 5 days ago...I will check it when you upload...can't do much else anyway...raining all the weekend here after a month of no rain :))
the episode will be up in an hour ;)
Flanders
Have you ever thought of making your growing area bigger? you have a looot of space left that you could use.
+Lalagartitita my wife and I have that space set aside for our son. When he grows up ill likely expand :)
+Alberta Urban Garden Simple Organic and Sustainable Ah ok I understand.
Kids eh
Alberta Urban Garden Simple Organic and Sustainable yeah it seems like you’re boxed into a small little area
its funny how you say produce "PRAW-DUCE", we saw it "PRO-DUCE"
+wipeoutxl that canadian accent eh ;)
I noticed that too, yet Canadians say PRO-cess instead of PRAW-cess. Im fascinated and confused all at the same time. I love that accent... and the brilliance of this video... If you dont have enough space to grow 2 apple trees, graft another variety to the parent tree. I have 3 young apple trees only 1 is getting reliably pollinated. I AM trying this. Good Stuff
No, it's funny how you say pro-duce. Think product, production, produce. Native English speaker from England.
PRAW-DUCE...LOL
Is anyone in zone 4 but at altitude (~8900 ft above sea level)?
how long do I wake to see if a bare root plant survived? How many weeks or months
Just like trees in spring it can take awhile. I would say 4 weeks after planting and your last frost you should see signs of life.
ty It appears the bare roots I bought from a catalogue r duds
That is no good. Sorry!
If you purchased bare root trees or woody shrubs, you can scratch the outer layer of bark away with a fingernail. If you see a green layer beneath, the tree or shrub is alive. If not, it's dead; or at least that branch is.
Try to buy plants in the fall when they are 50-75% off
May I know where do you live in Alberta?
In the capital area.
you should get some Pawpaws
I thought you had Espalier
+Steve Smekar I do :)
Go Permaculture man. Food Forest. You have to much yard.
Such deep breaths.