Lecture 27: Quantum Features underlying Algorithms, Properties of Quantum Correlations

Superposition and tensor product structure (factorisation) are pointed out as essential features of quantum algorithms. Ontological and epistemological perspectives of quantum correlations are pointed out. It is explained how hidden variables can produce effective theory with parameters. Contextuality of quantum observations is illustrated for a two-qubit system. Bell inequality for the two-qubit singlet state is derived in a non-contextual setting, and its violation in quantum mechanics is exhibited.