Kinda late to the party, but I have a few comments. I'm the designer of the Hi-Res graphics card in the M2000. I also designed the Model III/IV graphics cards. I am proud of the M2000 design, as at the time it was the world's fastest graphics card achieving up to 23million pixels/sec writing speed. People NEVER mention that the M2000 was the ONLY computer with smooth scrolling (like DEC terminals) and it could even smooth-scroll double-high, double wide characters. The decisions based on the HW/SW was getting the developers to rewrite applications making DOS CALLS ONLY. The head of Tandy SW at the time was a guy named George Robertson. He firmly (and at times quite LOUDLY, there seemed to always be lots of yelling at Tandy meetings) insisted that no one was going to get access to writing directly to the HW. I was in 1 meeting where I thought he and Mitch Kapor of Lotus were going to have a knife fight in the bathroom. I'll be writing a book, coming out in the fall of 2024 called "Mostly True Tales" about my days at Tandy R&D. The M2000 is just one of MANY examples of the wheels coming off.
so i walked into the tandy leather shop in mesquite tx, and while picking up some yards of suede i asked the old woman who was working about the tandy computer company and she had no idea they used to make computers.
I would put the Heath / Zenith ZDOS computers in this class, although mine had a hard drive it was not IBM BIOS compatible and could only use the DOS calls. But was able to get around the limitations and use it for years.
My dad almost got this for me... glad he didn't go through with it! Radio Shack salespeople would lie and try to claim that it was fully PC compatible just to make the sale and push the inventory. I witnessed more people return these machines than any other product that they sold. Low and behold the 1000 was a much better machine. Great video Jacob! It really took me back to my young computer days!
Yeah, the salesmen at Radio Shack were notorious for the hard sale back in the 80s. They almost lost our 1000ex sale over that. They were trying to convince us that we would be better off with a Model IV and/or a Color Computer 3.
That's me too. Got the 1000 after my Model III and then the Sensation after. They never convinced me that the 2000 was fully compatible. 80 Micro was too sure it wasn't.
I used the Tandy 2000 in the 80's it supported 768KB f DOS addressable memory and the developers at Lotus preferred it, I used Lotus 1-2-3 and dBase, some software had a problem with the video memory location not being the same as the IBM PC; however there was a tool that you could load into the extra 128KB of memory that standard IBM DOS apps did not access that re-mapped the video from the PC software to the Tandy video memory address allowing standard PC apps to run OK on the Tandy. Eventually I had to get a Tandy 1000 which was 100% PC compatible albeit not as good as the 2000. I still have two Tandy 2000s one with the hard drive, they are currently boxed up and have not seen the light of day in probably 15 years
Thanks for doing this video! FYI the real reason for the T2000's market failure is that the reigning computer press harbored a hatred for Tandy/Radio Shack and printed malicious opinion pieces on it. Most prominently, ones by a certain Jerry Pournelle of "Chaos Manor" printed in Byte magazine, at the time probably the most influential computer mag of the day. Also the product review printed there, still available for viewing on the web. To these people, they couldn't stand it being a product of the "trash-80" people and sold in neighborhood stores along with CB radios and electronic toys. Word got around and nobody would take the computer seriously, no matter it was the best computer of its day. Oh, and it wouldn't play PacMan or Galaxian... We should mention that Lotus 1-2-3 was the bestselling spreadsheet of the time, and the T2000's max 768 KB of memory meant it could hold the biggest models of any microcomputer, and recalc it at lightning speed. Don't forget also that 1-2-3 also had decent flat-file database capability, and it used the 640x400 color graphics of a fully tricked-out 2000. Yes it was very expensive but no other computer of the day could touch it at any price. Oh yeah, the 720 KB floppy disks made it possible to save giant Lotus models on a single disk as a single file with a single save command!! On a PC/XT even with 640 KB RAM but with only 360 KB floppy disks, you had to segment those giant Lotus models into two separate files and two separate disks, and then later recombine them into a single model when loading back into RAM for further work. Very very big disadvantage!!! Early versions of Wordstar 3.3 and later 4.0 ran fine. For more advanced database work there was the industry-standard dBase II. Of course, the poor sales meant that later Lotus version 2.2, with advanced macro capability, and dBase III would not be made available, and that hurt sales alot more than not being able to run program or game XYZ from publisher ABC. As for me, if you have the very best software of the day -- Lotus, Wordstar and dBase, you just don't need anything else. It doesn't matter that it won't run all those other p.o.s. programs. Lastly, don't forget the Microsoft BASIC interpreter included with the T2000 made full use of its graphics capabilities, and ran much much faster at 8 MHz. This was in 1983. It would not be until 1987 when MS BASIC included code for using hi-res graphics of the EGA board. Back in the day, interpreted BASIC was a serious tool for small business and academic programming. It's only fair to say the T2000 was a most important product of its day and deserves an honored place in computer history! Thanks again, all!
I think you may be closer to the truth here than most people realize Jeffrey. IBM had the marketing clout to standardize the industry, and Radio Shack had the Trash 80 reputation. I remember selling a Tandy 4000 four-user Xenix system with a full multi-user accounting app, and every time I spoke to the customer he brought up the fact that it wasn't IBM compatible. I sold him automation that was YEARS ahead of its time, and he wanted to play IBM PC games. I wonder if better/different marketing would have helped Tandy at all. They certainly had the products in a time where the industry was looking for a leader.
@@MichaelE999 They used to say, "Nobody ever got fired for buying IBM". That's business people for you. I will admit the PC and XT had most excellent keyboards and the (relatively) cheap MDA video gave sharp high contrast text for serious computing work. But it came at so serious a price that those computers were unsuited for the small business and education markets. Reminds me of that cable TV show by Penn&Teller, "B.S." They did an episode called "The Best". Their message was that, sure, it's nice to have the best, but it will set you back in more ways than just cost, and the next-best is still pretty good and can take you far. That's how I feel about IBM computers versus the rest. Seeing how the clone makers wore them down, and the PS/2 line failed to save their small computer product line, I'd have to say alot of other people agreed.
This was actually my first desktop computer in 1992. My mother bought it at a thrift store. It came with PC-DOS and Lotus 1-2-3. Now I finally know why the floppy disks from at home never worked at school. Got to run Windows Beta on it shortly before we upgraded to an IBM Aptiva. Thanks for the memories.
This was the first computer I ever used. My dad bought one when I was a kid for one of his businesses (he had several...don't remember which one it was for). He put a text-based adventure game called Planetfall on it, that I'd play for hours. This computer is the reason that, to this day, I'm still comfortable using a command line. That was all you had back then!
Correction: the 2000s ran the store SOS until 1989. Then they switched to the POS system that used the 1000WS as a terminal. The server was usually a Tandy 4000 running Xenix. When they brought out the POS system they sold the 2000s to willing employees for cheap. I know, I bought one, mainly for the 10 mb hdd and the CM-1 monitor. The 2000s were not stripped down. They had the High res color graphics card drives and 10 meg external drive.
Do you know if all the 2000s in Radio Shack stores had the mouse, clock card removed? Also my machine (which came with an external drive and no mouse board) had all of the cables intentionally cut. The keyboard cable, and hard drive interface cable I had to recreate.
@Chris Durys everything you said is accurate...i was a manager of a Tandy Computer Repair Center in the 1980's... I had a 2000 on my desk and used it about 80% of the time ..at the time our inventory was still on Xenix running on a Tandy 16 so that would be the other 20%..The computer store (11 store) manager had a 2000 on his desk also..neither were stripped down machines..i was not as familiar how the retail stores (01 stores) worked,.. Myself and other service center managers were sent to Ft Worth for training a few months after the release..I was the only one in the class that had ever worked on one..( i had serviced about 4-5)..They were definitely not flying off the shelves.. They were a hard sell out on the sales floor for sure...Not really because of compatibility most people were new to that term..they were use to going to the hardware manufacturer to buy software..more like it was way too expensive for home users and for business users were still happy with their Model III/Model 4's (small business or Model 12/6000 for large businesses) or were waiting to see what IBM was going to do...
I'm trying to find the Tandy 2000 XENIX III disks, if anyone has a HD, or floppies of this version for XENIX please do ping me! Or if you have SOS media, etc, as it should be XENIX III.
That is only partly true. The 80 track drives could read the 40 track disks without any problems by having the head double step between tracks. It could also write the disks as well withour any problems. However, a 40 track drive would be unable to read a disk written with an 80 track drive due to the difference in the width of the tracks.
@@smhedge Nope, wrong! I formatted disks on my Tandy 2k to use on our schools PC's, and it could read them just fine. It didn't skip a track, but wrote the information twice, so the tracks were the same thickness. I might have used a newer version of Tandy's utility than you used.
I recently found one of these in a thrift store.. had the box and everything in beautiful shape. No monitor, but it does have that cute little monitor stand that i see at 14:08. Its got some sort of high resolution video card with a DB9 connection. Not really sure what to do with it without a monitor. It came with a bunch of Microsoft software and some ledger software.
Bought a TI 99 because thats all I could afford, taught myself programming. Scrapped together my pennies and bought dual drive 5150 with all aftermarket addons to lower the price, and it was still a small fortune. Mission accomplished, got a job as a programmer, where I could get a used off lease 6hmz 286 AT for $75, first thing I did was stop at Radio Shack and bought a 10mhz and 12mhz crystals, I was really lucky, mine ran at 12mhz fine. My work AT would only run at 8mhz stable. Years later I went to radio shack to overclock another system, the clerk said we don't sell crystals, but I found them in the electronic parts bins. 😁
Not sure if this was brought up in the comments below but for clarification - as you said the Tandy 2000 was eventually relegated to backoffice functions running a custom package called SOS (Store Operating System). This ran off of a 2000 with a 10 MB external hard drive and a modem for connecting to Ft. Worth. The integration you mention in the video with the WS-1000 Point of Sale Terminals happened AFTER (or in conjunction with) the retirement of the 2000s. The custom POS terminals connected to a new system over serial which ran Xenix on (initially) a Tandy 3000 HL. The 2000s were not capable of running a multitasking/multi-terminal OS that the Point of Sale system required.
That's actually a great question. I know the first Japanese system to run Windows was a NEC machine with a V20 processor. Also there were a number of HP machines running the 186, and none of them were 100% PC Compatible either. But it would be nice to know if there was an inherant issue with the 186 to cause the lack of compatability. I have been told it had something to do with graphics modes. I know WordStar, for example, would run on the machine, and so would Lotus 123, but only the 1.0 release.
@@enjoythepig I asked the question because the writer of the video implied that the 80186 is so incompatible that 8088 software won't run on it properly, and that is simply not true. The only true incompatibility with the 80186 is that you can no longer PUSH or POP CS, and I can think of only 1 major piece of software that would break because of that. So it's disingenous to say that the 80186 was an "incompatible CPU", because it wasn't. (The 80286 was even further in terms of compatibility, in that it handled stack order of operations differently than the 8088, so claiming it was more compatible is also wrong.) The real reason the Tandy 2000 failed is because it wasn't IBM PC compatible, in that the video subsystem wasn't the same, and the IBM BIOS was not present. So existing programs that needed IBM PC compatibility (either through the BIOS, or the video) would not run. It *was* MS-DOS compatible, which means programs that used only MS-DOS string printing and ANSI escape sequences worked fine -- and in the beginning, most of them were like that -- but as we know, those dwindled rapidly as the PC took off and programs started writing specifically for the PC to gain extra speed. But it had nothing to do with the CPU.
@@JimLeonard That's not entirely true. Quite a lot of the 80186 (not the later XL/XC version) non-PC compatibility issues were caused by the chip itself and not where system designers like Tandy chose to map hardware in the physical memory/io spaces. The most significant issue is with the built-in 8259 PICs and two fold. The first is many of the IRQ assignments from internal sources such as the 8253 timers, etc had designated assignments that did not match those chosen by IBM for the PC architecture (or vice versa since the 80186 came later). The second issue is with the second 8259. It did not have a reprogrammable vector offset like the one added to the later PC AT. Instead of being offset +70h like on the AT, it was always based at a +10h vector base. Both of these issues combined to require many hardware ISRs for peripherals actively used by system designers like Tandy to be located at software vectors IBM used for other BIOS services. This made the chip itself inherently PC incompatible. For example, Int 13h used by IBM for software disk services is mapped to the IRQ of the third channel of the internal 8253 timer - like IBM, also used by Tandy for DMA RAM refresh on the 2000. And as others have already pointed out the configuration block for the internal peripherals has a fixed layout. And on the base version of the 80186, this block was non-relocatable. It had a fixed address that conflicted with other IBM allocated IO addresses in the PC architecture. And it also meant the internal peripheral registers (like the PIT and PICs) were at locations impossibly different than a PC due to the fixed layout of the configuration block itself. All the internal register files were linearly stacked end-to-end and not spread out like in a PC IO map. I've disassembled and reverse annotated the ROM BIOS on the 2000. It's on my public SVN. I also started to reverse annotate the loadable portion of the BIOS included in the bespoke Tandy 2000 DOS 2.xx's IO.SYS. I do believe it's entirely possible to replace the ROM BIOS entirely with a more modern engineered one that would at least allow more modern and mostly stock versions of MS-DOS to run. There are some BIOS hack I believe could work around most of the 80186 incompatibilities. The machine would still be a DOS only work-alike. But it would at least be a DOS 6.22 only work-alike. I'm just not sure how much more useful that would be or how many people would even be interested. I also have a lot of hardware designs for the 2K like more memory and an XT-IDE like interface.
@@alanhightower976 I was not aware of the Tandy 2000's second 8259 being at a different address than the AT! That would certainly put a wrench in things.
That is actually a common misconception about the 80186. The CPU itself was completely backwards compatible with the 8086/8088. But, the computers built using the 186 made it NOT IBM PC compatible. The extra support logic that Intel built in (this was actually an SOC) was not compatible with the IBM PC standard hence the view that the 80186 was not fully 8086 compatible. Tandy also didn’t help itself with non compatible BIOS, video adapter and disk drives. It truly was a superior design that failed in the marketplace.
The 186 was nearly completely instruction-compatible with the 8086/8088. When it comes to *systems* however, it's virtually impossible to build a PC-compatible system with a 186 CPU, because the 186's built-in clock circuits, memory controllers, and so forth occupy I/O port ranges that are assigned to *different* peripherals in the IBM spec. The Tandy 2000 thus suffered the fate of every other 186-based system out there including the Mindset: it was only "semicompatible" with the PC.
Have to admit, this video is pretty well done, and held my attention through. The Tandy 2000 is a very strange machine to say the least, and its nice seeing a video about it. That being said, that looks like a standard 25-pin RS-232. Is the wiring different?
The 2000 was actually a machine ahead of it's time. Tandy, trying to compete in the DOS-based market, decided to use the 80186 processor due to to it's superiority over the 8088. I am sure it was naturally assumed that the '86 line was the way computers would go (and, eventually, everything did move that way). However, IBM managed to set a standard with the 8088 and the rest is history. Of note is this: a good portion of the compatibility issues were not due to the processor, but to the graphics. Tandy chose to include higher resolution graphics than IBM, and they positioned the graphics addressing in a memory area incompatible with IBM. As for the catalog of software available, it is true that there wasn't a huge line of software specifically created for or ported to the 2000. However, the Orphans cataloged well over 500 pieces of software which would run on it without issue. There were two Tandy monitors which were compatible out of the box: the VM-1 for monochrome and CM-1 for color. However, other multi-frequency color monitors would work in lieu of the CM-1. Further hindering compatibility was that the BIOS was located on the DOS boot disk, which (to me anyways) makes little sense. They obviously learned not to do this in the 1000 line :P Finally, computer history up until the IBM standards of the mid-80's shows us that almost all expansion cards and connections were proprietary, so it's no surprise that the 2000 would also have such. Though the DB-25 was a standard serial communications port. Thank you for your video, it was a fairly informative introduction, but there's way more to this box than its good looks and awkward system.
Not really. The graphics compatibility was not the main or even significant problem because there are other modes. A lot of DOS software ran in 80x25 text mode. The bios is loaded off of RAM on the 2000? Where does it put it? On most PCs, all, really, it was in the F segment on ROM. But loading it from disk is not a big deal if you put the BIOS in RAM mapped to the F segment. Most later bioses allowed you to do that with what was called shadowing. It would map 64k into the F segment and then copy the bios to it. RAM is faster than ROM IBM fell into this trap themselves with the PS2 line and MCA. They basically lost to themselves. The Tandy 1000 had a lot of compatibility issues as well (though obviously not nearly as bad). Many software companies simply would not support their software on any Tandy 1000. How much of that was excuse making to not do support in the worst segment of consumers, I don't know. But I worked in the industry back in the day and T1000 had a horrible reputation. As far as I know, the T1000 is basically a clone of the PC JR, though in certain ways is better than a JR. I agree it's a bit easy to say those ports were "proprietary" when there were basically very few standards around back then and what few there were, were often for non-compatible systems like CPM.
Tandy in many scenarios with their computer models, steered in the direction of being too proprietary vs go with standards pushed in the greater marketplace arena - that they would make this mistake multiple times indicates they were just very slow learners. Getting market share for staying power mattered more that pushing a Tandy-only computing universe
I had the 1000 RLX Tandy, monitor, keyboard, dot matrix printer, cassette player. The hard drive(20 megabytes) and 3 1/2" floppy drive. The hard disk drive was defective; it jumped between DOS and Desk Mate(nifty GUI) at will. I had a three year warranty, which paid for the new drive, it worked great! I also learned some BASIC programming; I used the cassette recorder with the computer. Years later, the Sensation came out, with a DVD player. I wanted that, but had sunk the money from my grandmother selling my second car, to buy the 1000 RLX.
Seeing what the Tandy 2000 is going for on eBay and the like, I'm starting to regret chucking the two units I had in the garage for years... When I started at the company I still work for today, I brought in two Tandy 2000s, both with the floor stands -- Loved them!
The characters on the screen were sharp as a tack. The difference between it and the IBM XT was astounding. It was a cold-blooded machine- booting successfully without it hanging up was an issue.
Similar to the problems with the Zenith Z-100 and the TI Professional computers. Better in some ways than the IBM PC but different I/O schemes so they couldn’t run PC software that wrote directly to the screen. Those were frustrating years.
Definitely an interesting machine. And agreed that monitor choices are limited, either a VM-1 or CM-1 for Tandy monitors... or... you COULD use a NEC Multisync II I want to say. Every single one of these I have seen also had a ton of bodge wires like this one did. And you are right, they certainly learned their lesson when they went to make the 1000
I have one of these. It was my understanding that the machine was made for Windows, rather than the other way around. Radio Shack had so much luck with Microsoft on the Model 1, Color Computer, and Model 100 (all OS written at least partially by Bill Gates himself). The CEO of Tandy, John Roach more or less just submitted the specs Gates gave him. He regretted that decision later. To compete with the MacIntosh, the proprietary floppy drives had to be used so Windows could be run dual disk, and therefore be price and feature competitive. Also. you can use variety of video output solutions. More expensive capture devices work, along with all Diamondtron CRT Monitors, and most NEC Multisync LEDs.
You are incorrect about Windows. The 2000 pre-dated the release of Windows 1.x. There was a bespoke demo version of Windows 1.x created for the 2000 after the machine was released but was unobtanium until a few years ago when Malcom bought a large collection of Tandy machines from a fellow here in Georgia and uncovered it. It was ported to demonstrate the 640x400 8 color graphics mode unique to the 2000.
@@alanhightower976 That's interesting. I know that when I interviewed John Roach for my channel a couple of years ago, he was a bit cagy on the subject. It appeared as though he thought Bill Gates had sold him on something that wasn't real, and that ended their relationship for the most part. Although John did indicate that the specs were influenced by Gates. I also wonder about a Japanese machine that supposedly was what Steve Jobs used to find out about Windows and soured their relationship. While I certainly respect Windows, it would appear that Bill Gates was a bit of a cretonne.
Your completely wrong it ran the store with out terminals sales ticket totals were typed in to the 2K by hand. The terminal you spoke of was connected to a tandy 4000 running SCOUNIX.
We have a few in the museum. They are quite annoying to maintain. Mainly because of the diskdrive(s) and their proprietary format. Also, without (valid) bootdisk inside, the Tandy will only show a blinking cursor. We found a way to write new disks using a 1.2M 5,25" drive. Did you know you can rotate the label? This was to use the stand (as shown on one of the ads). And yes, we have the stand and yes, it's annoying too. The keyboard connector is on the underside of the computer, which is blocked by the stand so you need a... proprietary cable.. yay! Also, there ARE versions with a MFM-disk inside (Tandy 2000 HD) which removes one floppy drive. The idea of Tandy was very good, but they never expected IBM setting a (sort of) standard. Last fact, the Tandy 2000 is Tandy's first 16-bit computer and until the Tandy 1000TL was released, the only real 16-bit machine. The original Tandy 1000 uses, as IBM's PC and PC XT, the Intel 8088 which only has an 8-bit bus so it's more in line with an 8-bit machine.
The disk drives are backwards compatible and can read and write 360K disks as well. I used to own a fully loaded one of these and used to get DOS based shareware on 5.25 360K disks.
Here is a piece of useless trivia for you..on all TRS and Tandy machines the warranty label: if it is black with white letters that is the sticker from the factory..if it is a white label with black letters that is from a Tandy Service Center..sometimes you will see a 4 digit number written on the label that is the shop number that repaired it...
It would have been illegal to be 100% compatible at that time due to the copyright of the BIOS. Many companies that made compatibles (small ones even) were sued out of existence. Tandy, being a big big company at the time, would most certainly have been sued to death if it had been 100% compatible. Also, the IBM was not golly locked in as the ultimate standard just yet at that time.
It was a copyright violation to copy the BIOS. But if you could make one that worked the same but wasn’t a copy that was perfectly OK. Phoenix technology did this in the early 90s and it helped the clone market.
I have the 2500 a much faster pc 386 running at 25mhz with a 33mhz buss the thing hated was how pc makers of that time tried to block you from using any other hardware refusing a standard which come later as this tactic failed I found info on how Tandy tried this with it's monitors a simple missing pin hole prevented any other vga monitor from working on a tandy remove that pin from a vga cable and you got vga with resolution up to 1024x768 but the standard 800x480 looks good on windows 3.0 I refused to buy a pc till they all got past this petty bickering of only use our stuff
It seems TRS was going more for performance then Compatibility. Sounds an awful like IBM did when the Clones were coming out. Made it even their own IBM programs weren’t compatible with the IBM’s system they tried to make sure clones couldn’t use their stuff. Downfall for IBM And downfall for the TRS 2000’s.
Kinda late to the party, but I have a few comments.
I'm the designer of the Hi-Res graphics card in the M2000. I also designed the Model III/IV graphics cards. I am proud of the M2000 design, as at the time it was the world's fastest graphics card achieving up to 23million pixels/sec writing speed. People NEVER mention that the M2000 was the ONLY computer with smooth scrolling (like DEC terminals) and it could even smooth-scroll double-high, double wide characters.
The decisions based on the HW/SW was getting the developers to rewrite applications making DOS CALLS ONLY.
The head of Tandy SW at the time was a guy named George Robertson. He firmly (and at times quite LOUDLY, there seemed to always be lots of yelling at Tandy meetings) insisted that no one was going to get access to writing directly to the HW. I was in 1 meeting where I thought he and Mitch Kapor of Lotus were going to have a knife fight in the bathroom.
I'll be writing a book, coming out in the fall of 2024 called "Mostly True Tales" about my days at Tandy R&D. The M2000 is just one of MANY examples of the wheels coming off.
so i walked into the tandy leather shop in mesquite tx, and while picking up some yards of suede i asked the old woman who was working about the tandy computer company and she had no idea they used to make computers.
I would put the Heath / Zenith ZDOS computers in this class, although mine had a hard drive it was not IBM BIOS compatible and could only use the DOS calls. But was able to get around the limitations and use it for years.
My dad almost got this for me... glad he didn't go through with it! Radio Shack salespeople would lie and try to claim that it was fully PC compatible just to make the sale and push the inventory. I witnessed more people return these machines than any other product that they sold. Low and behold the 1000 was a much better machine. Great video Jacob! It really took me back to my young computer days!
Yeah, the salesmen at Radio Shack were notorious for the hard sale back in the 80s. They almost lost our 1000ex sale over that. They were trying to convince us that we would be better off with a Model IV and/or a Color Computer 3.
That's me too. Got the 1000 after my Model III and then the Sensation after. They never convinced me that the 2000 was fully compatible. 80 Micro was too sure it wasn't.
I used the Tandy 2000 in the 80's it supported 768KB f DOS addressable memory and the developers at Lotus preferred it, I used Lotus 1-2-3 and dBase, some software had a problem with the video memory location not being the same as the IBM PC; however there was a tool that you could load into the extra 128KB of memory that standard IBM DOS apps did not access that re-mapped the video from the PC software to the Tandy video memory address allowing standard PC apps to run OK on the Tandy. Eventually I had to get a Tandy 1000 which was 100% PC compatible albeit not as good as the 2000. I still have two Tandy 2000s one with the hard drive, they are currently boxed up and have not seen the light of day in probably 15 years
I remember the tool, it fixed a lot of games :)
as a kid i looked up at the 2000 as the most awsome computer of the time. i miss those days
Thanks for doing this video! FYI the real reason for the T2000's market failure is that the reigning computer press harbored a hatred for Tandy/Radio Shack and printed malicious opinion pieces on it. Most prominently, ones by a certain Jerry Pournelle of "Chaos Manor" printed in Byte magazine, at the time probably the most influential computer mag of the day. Also the product review printed there, still available for viewing on the web. To these people, they couldn't stand it being a product of the "trash-80" people and sold in neighborhood stores along with CB radios and electronic toys. Word got around and nobody would take the computer seriously, no matter it was the best computer of its day. Oh, and it wouldn't play PacMan or Galaxian...
We should mention that Lotus 1-2-3 was the bestselling spreadsheet of the time, and the T2000's max 768 KB of memory meant it could hold the biggest models of any microcomputer, and recalc it at lightning speed. Don't forget also that 1-2-3 also had decent flat-file database capability, and it used the 640x400 color graphics of a fully tricked-out 2000. Yes it was very expensive but no other computer of the day could touch it at any price.
Oh yeah, the 720 KB floppy disks made it possible to save giant Lotus models on a single disk as a single file with a single save command!! On a PC/XT even with 640 KB RAM but with only 360 KB floppy disks, you had to segment those giant Lotus models into two separate files and two separate disks, and then later recombine them into a single model when loading back into RAM for further work. Very very big disadvantage!!!
Early versions of Wordstar 3.3 and later 4.0 ran fine. For more advanced database work there was the industry-standard dBase II. Of course, the poor sales meant that later Lotus version 2.2, with advanced macro capability, and dBase III would not be made available, and that hurt sales alot more than not being able to run program or game XYZ from publisher ABC. As for me, if you have the very best software of the day -- Lotus, Wordstar and dBase, you just don't need anything else. It doesn't matter that it won't run all those other p.o.s. programs.
Lastly, don't forget the Microsoft BASIC interpreter included with the T2000 made full use of its graphics capabilities, and ran much much faster at 8 MHz. This was in 1983. It would not be until 1987 when MS BASIC included code for using hi-res graphics of the EGA board. Back in the day, interpreted BASIC was a serious tool for small business and academic programming.
It's only fair to say the T2000 was a most important product of its day and deserves an honored place in computer history! Thanks again, all!
I think you may be closer to the truth here than most people realize Jeffrey. IBM had the marketing clout to standardize the industry, and Radio Shack had the Trash 80 reputation. I remember selling a Tandy 4000 four-user Xenix system with a full multi-user accounting app, and every time I spoke to the customer he brought up the fact that it wasn't IBM compatible. I sold him automation that was YEARS ahead of its time, and he wanted to play IBM PC games. I wonder if better/different marketing would have helped Tandy at all. They certainly had the products in a time where the industry was looking for a leader.
@@MichaelE999 They used to say, "Nobody ever got fired for buying IBM". That's business people for you. I will admit the PC and XT had most excellent keyboards and the (relatively) cheap MDA video gave sharp high contrast text for serious computing work. But it came at so serious a price that those computers were unsuited for the small business and education markets. Reminds me of that cable TV show by Penn&Teller, "B.S." They did an episode called "The Best". Their message was that, sure, it's nice to have the best, but it will set you back in more ways than just cost, and the next-best is still pretty good and can take you far. That's how I feel about IBM computers versus the rest. Seeing how the clone makers wore them down, and the PS/2 line failed to save their small computer product line, I'd have to say alot of other people agreed.
This was actually my first desktop computer in 1992. My mother bought it at a thrift store. It came with PC-DOS and Lotus 1-2-3. Now I finally know why the floppy disks from at home never worked at school. Got to run Windows Beta on it shortly before we upgraded to an IBM Aptiva. Thanks for the memories.
This was the first computer I ever used. My dad bought one when I was a kid for one of his businesses (he had several...don't remember which one it was for). He put a text-based adventure game called Planetfall on it, that I'd play for hours.
This computer is the reason that, to this day, I'm still comfortable using a command line. That was all you had back then!
Correction: the 2000s ran the store SOS until 1989. Then they switched to the POS system that used the 1000WS as a terminal. The server was usually a Tandy 4000 running Xenix. When they brought out the POS system they sold the 2000s to willing employees for cheap. I know, I bought one, mainly for the 10 mb hdd and the CM-1 monitor. The 2000s were not stripped down. They had the High res color graphics card drives and 10 meg external drive.
Do you know if all the 2000s in Radio Shack stores had the mouse, clock card removed? Also my machine (which came with an external drive and no mouse board) had all of the cables intentionally cut. The keyboard cable, and hard drive interface cable I had to recreate.
@@enjoythepig Never thought about mouse. Pretty sure I remember typing time and date every morning when we opened the store so no clock.
@@enjoythepig Cables cut hmmm. Definitely not mine but I got it from the store I worked in.
@Chris Durys
everything you said is accurate...i was a manager of a Tandy Computer Repair Center in the 1980's... I had a 2000 on my desk and used it about 80% of the time ..at the time our inventory was still on Xenix running on a Tandy 16 so that would be the other 20%..The computer store (11 store) manager had a 2000 on his desk also..neither were stripped down machines..i was not as familiar how the retail stores (01 stores) worked,..
Myself and other service center managers were sent to Ft Worth for training a few months after the release..I was the only one in the class that had ever worked on one..( i had serviced about 4-5)..They were definitely not flying off the shelves..
They were a hard sell out on the sales floor for sure...Not really because of compatibility most people were new to that term..they were use to going to the hardware manufacturer to buy software..more like it was way too expensive for home users and for business users were still happy with their Model III/Model 4's (small business or Model 12/6000 for large businesses) or were waiting to see what IBM was going to do...
I'm trying to find the Tandy 2000 XENIX III disks, if anyone has a HD, or floppies of this version for XENIX please do ping me! Or if you have SOS media, etc, as it should be XENIX III.
The drives WERE compatible with old 360K 5.25 drives. You just had to format the disk to the correct format.
That is only partly true. The 80 track drives could read the 40 track disks without any problems by having the head double step between tracks. It could also write the disks as well withour any problems. However, a 40 track drive would be unable to read a disk written with an 80 track drive due to the difference in the width of the tracks.
@@smhedge Nope, wrong! I formatted disks on my Tandy 2k to use on our schools PC's, and it could read them just fine. It didn't skip a track, but wrote the information twice, so the tracks were the same thickness. I might have used a newer version of Tandy's utility than you used.
I recently found one of these in a thrift store.. had the box and everything in beautiful shape. No monitor, but it does have that cute little monitor stand that i see at 14:08. Its got some sort of high resolution video card with a DB9 connection. Not really sure what to do with it without a monitor. It came with a bunch of Microsoft software and some ledger software.
Love the video. Putting together my 2000 now. I have a VM-1 and CM-1 monitor with 2 memory cards so 768k RAM and the external Tandy hard drive. Woohoo
Bought a TI 99 because thats all I could afford, taught myself programming. Scrapped together my pennies and bought dual drive 5150 with all aftermarket addons to lower the price, and it was still a small fortune. Mission accomplished, got a job as a programmer, where I could get a used off lease 6hmz 286 AT for $75, first thing I did was stop at Radio Shack and bought a 10mhz and 12mhz crystals, I was really lucky, mine ran at 12mhz fine. My work AT would only run at 8mhz stable. Years later I went to radio shack to overclock another system, the clerk said we don't sell crystals, but I found them in the electronic parts bins. 😁
Not sure if this was brought up in the comments below but for clarification - as you said the Tandy 2000 was eventually relegated to backoffice functions running a custom package called SOS (Store Operating System). This ran off of a 2000 with a 10 MB external hard drive and a modem for connecting to Ft. Worth. The integration you mention in the video with the WS-1000 Point of Sale Terminals happened AFTER (or in conjunction with) the retirement of the 2000s. The custom POS terminals connected to a new system over serial which ran Xenix on (initially) a Tandy 3000 HL. The 2000s were not capable of running a multitasking/multi-terminal OS that the Point of Sale system required.
What was your source for the information that the 80186 was not fully compatible with the 8088?
That's actually a great question. I know the first Japanese system to run Windows was a NEC machine with a V20 processor. Also there were a number of HP machines running the 186, and none of them were 100% PC Compatible either. But it would be nice to know if there was an inherant issue with the 186 to cause the lack of compatability. I have been told it had something to do with graphics modes. I know WordStar, for example, would run on the machine, and so would Lotus 123, but only the 1.0 release.
@@enjoythepig I asked the question because the writer of the video implied that the 80186 is so incompatible that 8088 software won't run on it properly, and that is simply not true. The only true incompatibility with the 80186 is that you can no longer PUSH or POP CS, and I can think of only 1 major piece of software that would break because of that. So it's disingenous to say that the 80186 was an "incompatible CPU", because it wasn't. (The 80286 was even further in terms of compatibility, in that it handled stack order of operations differently than the 8088, so claiming it was more compatible is also wrong.)
The real reason the Tandy 2000 failed is because it wasn't IBM PC compatible, in that the video subsystem wasn't the same, and the IBM BIOS was not present. So existing programs that needed IBM PC compatibility (either through the BIOS, or the video) would not run. It *was* MS-DOS compatible, which means programs that used only MS-DOS string printing and ANSI escape sequences worked fine -- and in the beginning, most of them were like that -- but as we know, those dwindled rapidly as the PC took off and programs started writing specifically for the PC to gain extra speed.
But it had nothing to do with the CPU.
@@JimLeonard That's not entirely true. Quite a lot of the 80186 (not the later XL/XC version) non-PC compatibility issues were caused by the chip itself and not where system designers like Tandy chose to map hardware in the physical memory/io spaces. The most significant issue is with the built-in 8259 PICs and two fold. The first is many of the IRQ assignments from internal sources such as the 8253 timers, etc had designated assignments that did not match those chosen by IBM for the PC architecture (or vice versa since the 80186 came later). The second issue is with the second 8259. It did not have a reprogrammable vector offset like the one added to the later PC AT. Instead of being offset +70h like on the AT, it was always based at a +10h vector base. Both of these issues combined to require many hardware ISRs for peripherals actively used by system designers like Tandy to be located at software vectors IBM used for other BIOS services. This made the chip itself inherently PC incompatible. For example, Int 13h used by IBM for software disk services is mapped to the IRQ of the third channel of the internal 8253 timer - like IBM, also used by Tandy for DMA RAM refresh on the 2000.
And as others have already pointed out the configuration block for the internal peripherals has a fixed layout. And on the base version of the 80186, this block was non-relocatable. It had a fixed address that conflicted with other IBM allocated IO addresses in the PC architecture. And it also meant the internal peripheral registers (like the PIT and PICs) were at locations impossibly different than a PC due to the fixed layout of the configuration block itself. All the internal register files were linearly stacked end-to-end and not spread out like in a PC IO map.
I've disassembled and reverse annotated the ROM BIOS on the 2000. It's on my public SVN. I also started to reverse annotate the loadable portion of the BIOS included in the bespoke Tandy 2000 DOS 2.xx's IO.SYS. I do believe it's entirely possible to replace the ROM BIOS entirely with a more modern engineered one that would at least allow more modern and mostly stock versions of MS-DOS to run. There are some BIOS hack I believe could work around most of the 80186 incompatibilities. The machine would still be a DOS only work-alike. But it would at least be a DOS 6.22 only work-alike. I'm just not sure how much more useful that would be or how many people would even be interested. I also have a lot of hardware designs for the 2K like more memory and an XT-IDE like interface.
@@alanhightower976 I was not aware of the Tandy 2000's second 8259 being at a different address than the AT! That would certainly put a wrench in things.
That is actually a common misconception about the 80186. The CPU itself was completely backwards compatible with the 8086/8088. But, the computers built using the 186 made it NOT IBM PC compatible. The extra support logic that Intel built in (this was actually an SOC) was not compatible with the IBM PC standard hence the view that the 80186 was not fully 8086 compatible. Tandy also didn’t help itself with non compatible BIOS, video adapter and disk drives. It truly was a superior design that failed in the marketplace.
The 186 was nearly completely instruction-compatible with the 8086/8088. When it comes to *systems* however, it's virtually impossible to build a PC-compatible system with a 186 CPU, because the 186's built-in clock circuits, memory controllers, and so forth occupy I/O port ranges that are assigned to *different* peripherals in the IBM spec. The Tandy 2000 thus suffered the fate of every other 186-based system out there including the Mindset: it was only "semicompatible" with the PC.
I had one, the instruction set WAS the same except for some additional instructions. The other hardware is what made it incompatible.
Have to admit, this video is pretty well done, and held my attention through. The Tandy 2000 is a very strange machine to say the least, and its nice seeing a video about it. That being said, that looks like a standard 25-pin RS-232. Is the wiring different?
I had one, and no.
The 2000 was actually a machine ahead of it's time. Tandy, trying to compete in the DOS-based market, decided to use the 80186 processor due to to it's superiority over the 8088. I am sure it was naturally assumed that the '86 line was the way computers would go (and, eventually, everything did move that way). However, IBM managed to set a standard with the 8088 and the rest is history.
Of note is this: a good portion of the compatibility issues were not due to the processor, but to the graphics. Tandy chose to include higher resolution graphics than IBM, and they positioned the graphics addressing in a memory area incompatible with IBM.
As for the catalog of software available, it is true that there wasn't a huge line of software specifically created for or ported to the 2000. However, the Orphans cataloged well over 500 pieces of software which would run on it without issue.
There were two Tandy monitors which were compatible out of the box: the VM-1 for monochrome and CM-1 for color. However, other multi-frequency color monitors would work in lieu of the CM-1.
Further hindering compatibility was that the BIOS was located on the DOS boot disk, which (to me anyways) makes little sense. They obviously learned not to do this in the 1000 line :P
Finally, computer history up until the IBM standards of the mid-80's shows us that almost all expansion cards and connections were proprietary, so it's no surprise that the 2000 would also have such. Though the DB-25 was a standard serial communications port.
Thank you for your video, it was a fairly informative introduction, but there's way more to this box than its good looks and awkward system.
Not really. The graphics compatibility was not the main or even significant problem because there are other modes. A lot of DOS software ran in 80x25 text mode.
The bios is loaded off of RAM on the 2000? Where does it put it? On most PCs, all, really, it was in the F segment on ROM. But loading it from disk is not a big deal if you put the BIOS in RAM mapped to the F segment. Most later bioses allowed you to do that with what was called shadowing. It would map 64k into the F segment and then copy the bios to it. RAM is faster than ROM
IBM fell into this trap themselves with the PS2 line and MCA. They basically lost to themselves.
The Tandy 1000 had a lot of compatibility issues as well (though obviously not nearly as bad). Many software companies simply would not support their software on any Tandy 1000. How much of that was excuse making to not do support in the worst segment of consumers, I don't know. But I worked in the industry back in the day and T1000 had a horrible reputation. As far as I know, the T1000 is basically a clone of the PC JR, though in certain ways is better than a JR.
I agree it's a bit easy to say those ports were "proprietary" when there were basically very few standards around back then and what few there were, were often for non-compatible systems like CPM.
Tandy in many scenarios with their computer models, steered in the direction of being too proprietary vs go with standards pushed in the greater marketplace arena - that they would make this mistake multiple times indicates they were just very slow learners. Getting market share for staying power mattered more that pushing a Tandy-only computing universe
I'm confused by one thing. How was the WS "based on" the SL which came "much later?"
I had the 1000 RLX Tandy, monitor, keyboard, dot matrix printer, cassette player. The hard drive(20 megabytes) and 3 1/2" floppy drive. The hard disk drive was defective; it jumped between DOS and Desk Mate(nifty GUI) at will. I had a three year warranty, which paid for the new drive, it worked great! I also learned some BASIC programming; I used the cassette recorder with the computer. Years later, the Sensation came out, with a DVD player. I wanted that, but had sunk the money from my grandmother selling my second car, to buy the 1000 RLX.
Seeing what the Tandy 2000 is going for on eBay and the like, I'm starting to regret chucking the two units I had in the garage for years... When I started at the company I still work for today, I brought in two Tandy 2000s, both with the floor stands -- Loved them!
FINALLY!!! Someone else who has heard of the WS-1000! I have been researching those lately with little information found!
The ws 1000 was a Tandy 1000 tc with no drives and a rom of to be a sco terminal
@@travisthompson3418 1000 TC? I haven't heard of that one. I looks like a TL case. I'd love to get my hands one one, though!
Great video. I had never heard of this computer.
The characters on the screen were sharp as a tack. The difference between it and the IBM XT was astounding. It was a cold-blooded machine- booting successfully without it hanging up was an issue.
Man computers sure cost a lot back in the day!
Similar to the problems with the Zenith Z-100 and the TI Professional computers. Better in some ways than the IBM PC but different I/O schemes so they couldn’t run PC software that wrote directly to the screen. Those were frustrating years.
Definitely an interesting machine. And agreed that monitor choices are limited, either a VM-1 or CM-1 for Tandy monitors... or... you COULD use a NEC Multisync II I want to say. Every single one of these I have seen also had a ton of bodge wires like this one did. And you are right, they certainly learned their lesson when they went to make the 1000
FYI The 1st entire manufacturing run of the 2k was sold to Disney. Disney had proprietary animation software written for the 2k.
And to be fair, if we're going to include the Mac and Amiga in the conversation, then IBM compatibility can't be a fatal flaw.
I have one of these. It was my understanding that the machine was made for Windows, rather than the other way around. Radio Shack had so much luck with Microsoft on the Model 1, Color Computer, and Model 100 (all OS written at least partially by Bill Gates himself). The CEO of Tandy, John Roach more or less just submitted the specs Gates gave him. He regretted that decision later. To compete with the MacIntosh, the proprietary floppy drives had to be used so Windows could be run dual disk, and therefore be price and feature competitive. Also. you can use variety of video output solutions. More expensive capture devices work, along with all Diamondtron CRT Monitors, and most NEC Multisync LEDs.
You are incorrect about Windows. The 2000 pre-dated the release of Windows 1.x. There was a bespoke demo version of Windows 1.x created for the 2000 after the machine was released but was unobtanium until a few years ago when Malcom bought a large collection of Tandy machines from a fellow here in Georgia and uncovered it. It was ported to demonstrate the 640x400 8 color graphics mode unique to the 2000.
@@alanhightower976 That's interesting. I know that when I interviewed John Roach for my channel a couple of years ago, he was a bit cagy on the subject. It appeared as though he thought Bill Gates had sold him on something that wasn't real, and that ended their relationship for the most part. Although John did indicate that the specs were influenced by Gates. I also wonder about a Japanese machine that supposedly was what Steve Jobs used to find out about Windows and soured their relationship. While I certainly respect Windows, it would appear that Bill Gates was a bit of a cretonne.
Business ORIENTED ... orientated is to say someone has been through an orientation. Oriented means it's geared toward something.
Your completely wrong it ran the store with out terminals sales ticket totals were typed in to the 2K by hand.
The terminal you spoke of was connected to a tandy 4000 running SCOUNIX.
We have a few in the museum. They are quite annoying to maintain. Mainly because of the diskdrive(s) and their proprietary format. Also, without (valid) bootdisk inside, the Tandy will only show a blinking cursor. We found a way to write new disks using a 1.2M 5,25" drive. Did you know you can rotate the label? This was to use the stand (as shown on one of the ads). And yes, we have the stand and yes, it's annoying too. The keyboard connector is on the underside of the computer, which is blocked by the stand so you need a... proprietary cable.. yay! Also, there ARE versions with a MFM-disk inside (Tandy 2000 HD) which removes one floppy drive. The idea of Tandy was very good, but they never expected IBM setting a (sort of) standard. Last fact, the Tandy 2000 is Tandy's first 16-bit computer and until the Tandy 1000TL was released, the only real 16-bit machine. The original Tandy 1000 uses, as IBM's PC and PC XT, the Intel 8088 which only has an 8-bit bus so it's more in line with an 8-bit machine.
The 2000HD was also available in a configuration which had two floppy drives and an internal MFM hard drive.
The disk drives are backwards compatible and can read and write 360K disks as well. I used to own a fully loaded one of these and used to get DOS based shareware on 5.25 360K disks.
Here is a piece of useless trivia for you..on all TRS and Tandy machines the warranty label: if it is black with white letters that is the sticker from the factory..if it is a white label with black letters that is from a Tandy Service Center..sometimes you will see a 4 digit number written on the label that is the shop number that repaired it...
It would have been illegal to be 100% compatible at that time due to the copyright of the BIOS. Many companies that made compatibles (small ones even) were sued out of existence. Tandy, being a big big company at the time, would most certainly have been sued to death if it had been 100% compatible.
Also, the IBM was not golly locked in as the ultimate standard just yet at that time.
It was a copyright violation to copy the BIOS. But if you could make one that worked the same but wasn’t a copy that was perfectly OK. Phoenix technology did this in the early 90s and it helped the clone market.
Have you ever used a Tandy 2000?
No.
HA!, that title is brutal.
The machines in the back ran Xenex.
Never saw Windows running on the Tandy-2000 it was just Deskmate.
NOT REALLY THE 186 IS A CUT DOWN OF A 286
"Oriented" not "Orientated".
OK, Karen!
I just found a leather man micro stuffed down the seem if my armchair.
That's why I'm here.
It's amazing that a cheaper, more powerful computer can lose due to not understanding the markets needs
I have the 2500 a much faster pc 386 running at 25mhz with a 33mhz buss the thing hated was how pc makers of that time tried to block you from using any other hardware refusing a standard which come later as this tactic failed I found info on how Tandy tried this with it's monitors a simple missing pin hole prevented any other vga monitor from working on a tandy remove that pin from a vga cable and you got vga with resolution up to 1024x768 but the standard 800x480 looks good on windows 3.0 I refused to buy a pc till they all got past this petty bickering of only use our stuff
It seems TRS was going more for performance then Compatibility. Sounds an awful like IBM did when the Clones were coming out. Made it even their own IBM programs weren’t compatible with the IBM’s system they tried to make sure clones couldn’t use their stuff. Downfall for IBM And downfall for the TRS 2000’s.
What happened to this channel?