【4K🇨🇳 】中國當之無愧第一國寶古建築，千年大唐氣象，山西佛光寺東大殿|CHINA's thousand-year-old national treasure ancient building

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中國山西五台县佛光寺建于北魏孝文帝时期，隋唐之际，已是五台山名刹。“佛光寺”这个寺名屡见于各种史书记载。会昌五年（公元845年），唐武宗发动灭佛运动（唐武宗灭佛），佛教界称为称会昌法难，寺内除几座墓塔外，其余全部被毁。后于唐大中十一年(公元857年)重建。
佛光寺东大殿踞于高台上，外观简朴大方，门、窗、墙壁、斗拱、柱、额等全用朱色涂刷。
东大殿是佛光寺的正殿，大殿面宽七间，进深四。在佛光寺最后的一重院落中，位置最高。东大殿建在石台基座上，平面由内外两圈柱，就是建筑上说的“金厢斗底槽”。内外柱等高，柱身都是圆形，上端略有卷杀。檐柱有侧脚和升起。阑额尚无普拍枋。柱头铺作与补间铺作区分明显。柱头铺作出四跳，双杪双下昂，一、二跳偷心造，二四跳计心造。补间铺作简洁，每间施一组斗拱。未见坐斗。在柱头枋上立柱，柱上把跳。内柱上的内檐斗拱一端与外檐柱头铺作的内出形式相同，内出四跳华拱以承月梁。佛光寺肴檩下用大叉手，是现存木建筑孤例。
东大殿殿内佛坛横跨5间，雕塑35尊佛像。佛坛正中塑释迦牟尼佛，左塑弥勒佛，右塑阿弥陀佛；左梢间塑骑象普贤菩萨，右梢间塑骑狮文殊菩萨。释迦牟尼前站阿难、迦叶，三佛前各塑4位胁侍菩萨、两位供养菩萨，佛坛前塑两尊护法金刚。35尊佛像主次有序，尊卑有别，各具神态，各尽其职。
佛光寺东大殿佛像雕塑，反映了独特的唐代风格。殿内群像，体态丰满，脸呈方圆形，腮部鼓起，脖颈短壮，胸部肌肉隆起，线条平缓。五官独特，眉毛弯弓形，细而长，嘴形端正。主佛和菩萨前额都点一红痣，是唐代装饰的一个重要标志。佛像服饰简洁、利落、干练，衣褶线条流畅，是唐代盛行的手法。
佛光寺东大殿雕塑还应用了写实手法，雕塑两尊写真人物。一是佛殿主宁公遇坐像，一位40岁左右的中年妇女，面目丰满，体型健壮，袖手趺坐，风韵高雅，情态虔诚。另一尊为主持修建佛殿的愿诚和尚，塑像前额隆起，颧骨突出，两腮下陷，正襟趺坐，面容清苦，姿态沉静。
Foguang Temple in Wutai County, Shanxi Province, China was built during the period of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was already a famous temple in Mount Wutai. The name "Foguang Temple" is often found in various historical records. In the fifth year of Huichang (AD 845), Tang Wuzong launched a campaign to exterminate Buddhism (Tang Wuzong destroyed Buddhism). The Buddhist community called it the Huichang Dharma Disaster. Except for a few tombs and pagodas, all the temples were destroyed. It was later rebuilt in the 11th year of Dazhong of Tang Dynasty (857 AD).
The east hall of Foguang Temple stands on a high platform with a simple and elegant appearance. The doors, windows, walls, brackets, pillars, forehead, etc. are all painted in vermilion.
The East Hall is the main hall of Foguang Temple. The main hall is seven rooms wide and four rooms deep. It has the highest position in the last courtyard of Foguang Temple. The east hall is built on a stone platform base, with two circles of columns on the inside and outside, which is what is called the "golden box and bucket bottom trough" in architecture. The inner and outer columns are of the same height, the column body is round, and the upper end is slightly curled. The eaves have side legs and rises. There is no general Pai Fang on the forehead. There is a clear distinction between stigma paving and tweening paving. The capitals of the pillars are spread out in four jumps, with both legs raised and lowered. The first and second jumps are made by stealing the heart, and the second and fourth jumps are made by the heart. The paving of the tween rooms is simple, with a set of brackets in each room. No sitting fight was seen. Set up pillars on the capital posts and jump on the pillars. One end of the inner eaves and bucket arches on the inner columns is in the same shape as the outer eaves and capitals. The inner eaves have four jumping arches to support the moon beam. Foguang Temple's purlin is made of large forks, which is the only example of existing wooden architecture.
The Buddhist altar in the East Main Hall spans five rooms and contains 35 Buddha statues. In the center of the Buddhist altar are Sakyamuni Buddha, Maitreya Buddha on the left, and Amitabha Buddha on the right; Samantabhadra riding an elephant on the left side, and Manjusri Bodhisattva riding a lion on the right side. Ananda and Kassapa are standing in front of Sakyamuni. In front of the three Buddhas are four attendant Bodhisattvas and two offering Bodhisattvas. In front of the Buddhist altar are two Dharma protectors. The 35 Buddha statues are arranged in an orderly manner, with different levels of dignity. Each has its own expression and performs its duties.
The Buddhist sculptures in the east hall of Foguang Temple reflect the unique style of the Tang Dynasty. The statues in the hall have plump bodies, square faces, bulging cheeks, short and strong necks, bulging chest muscles and gentle lines. He has unique facial features, arched eyebrows, thin and long, and a straight mouth. The main Buddha and Bodhisattva both have red moles on their foreheads, which is an important symbol of decoration in the Tang Dynasty. The clothing of Buddha statues is simple, neat and capable, with smooth pleat lines, which was a popular technique in the Tang Dynasty.

[@Natalie-pn1ic]

BGM 要是用中式古风就更配一些

[@XiaoYueInWestOfCity93]

主要被RUclips告知有一些版权问题，所以换掉了😄

[@Daxiongbear]

这是之前拍的吗？记得之前有个短的

[@XiaoYueInWestOfCity93]

嗯嗯，还是之前拍的，之前那个是完整版😁