What saddens me is that humanity has gotten to the point where people don’t watch these videos to learn more or to follow along, they just watch it because it looks cool.
Stormtorch looking cool is the start to an interest. Nobody learns about the physics of rollercoasters and then proceeds to think think they’re cool, no they think they look cool and are fun to ride and in turn become interested in the physics of it. At least that’s how it worked for me
I wish he has written them. If not, maybe I should try and submit this video to my Biochem teacher when I was in college 7 years ago... for his 2nd or maybe 3rd book that he’s probably writing. His a good person who knows how to give credit where credit is due. This is just like that math proposition for the Tao sign that was proposed in place of 2(pi) in most mathematics equation.
I noticed this when we were taught this in chemistry at A level, the text said it doesn’t melt, we obviously fired a Bunsen burner at a huge amount in the time cupboard to make big purple clouds, and noticed the solid iodine melting and boiling. Always wondered why!
I feel like he should submit the term Nilation to a chemistry group or who ever creates these definitions so that way it becomes official because it’s a very useful term and it does make sense logically
I like the idea for a new word for sublimation without a distinct phase change! However catchy "nilation" may be, might I suggest an alternative? Both sublimation and evaporation are derived from Latin route words - sublimare meaning "to raise to a higher level" and evaporare meaning "to vaporize". I propose sticking to the Latin theme and using effugere meaning "to escape". Effugation would be the process of molecular escape.
@@gerarddunne956 ohhhhh then what should he do idiot.............. He is trying to do something good.... By making science make some sense but you my friend will oppose him.......
@@MarkyIsNow I'm not opposing him,im opposing you....Stop trying to act all smart by making up your own words that sound terrible(well I was actually blaming the person that wrote this comment but still)
"Despite it being incorrect, it's still often taught in schools, and sometimes even written in textbooks." A phrase that I wish could be said less about many things.
Lol I was thinking the same thing. People are going to be astounded when they look back on this period of history and realize that so many things they thought they knew were totally wrong. I guess that’s part of the human condition. The media is doing a terrific job of bastardizing medical science at the moment.
"teachers" and especially career academics are rarely challenged, and have massive egos. on the rare occasions they realize they are wrong, they quickly bury their mistakes with the diligence of a pencil pusher. the culture does not reward failures, despite existing as a result of focusing on them as a means oof improvement. Don't even get me started on the grifters that sell shitty textbooks....
@@haroldgamarra7175 you mean like southern schools and textbooks teaching that slavery wasn't that bad, and the confederates were actually noble good guys fighting off their northern oppressors?
Just wait until the teacher says "Today we'll be finding out how in-nilation of iodine molecules turn into gas". And that one student understands "inhalation"
I love how the books where they say iodine doesn’t melt just state it but books that say iodine does melt actually give temperatures, data and examples
"Iodine doesn't melt at negative Infinity to positive Infinity" that's like saying this car can't move also it has a top speed of 0 miles per hour and 0 kilometers per hour it's completely unnecessary data that's why isn't shown
@@andrewmoore7022 exactly! You can't give data for something that doesn't exist. However, I do kinda agree with the original comment because they should've provided some other form of evidence, not necessarily numbers.
The easy way would be to say "iodine doesn't melt under standard atmospheric conditions", then go into detail about the conditions when it melts. It's like saying "mercury is the only element that is liquid under normal atmospheric conditions" when gallium melts at around 29.75°C (85.55°F) which is not only below human body temperature but also below "standard" temperature in many climates. For somebody in Spain, gallium would naturally be liquid. Even potassium with a melting point of ~36.84°C (98.31°F) would be liquid on a hot summer day. I would go even further and say "iodine prefers sublimation over melting under normal atmospheric conditions" to make sure to tell people that both can happen, but one ist just far more likely than the other.
**unironically uses the term Nilation from now on because its a good idea to have a specific word, and plenty of scientific terms are named after individual people anyways**
@@T0B well then it's understandable i guess, since going in depth about it won't be useful and may conduse the kids. I guess they could have put it better by saying 'Water is easily seen in all three phases in our day to day life compared to other things'.
My mother talks about visiting a relative in Canada in winter who hung out the washing outside to dry by nilation. When the wet washing was hung out it promptly became stiff as the water froze, when the washing was dry the clothes were flexible again.
I lived this. I once owned a house with a washer, but no dryer. You get mighty cold fingers hanging the laundry below zero, but they dry just as fast as a hot day.
@@CameronBales I was going to say "just as fast can't possibly be true", since we know both nilation and evaporation are temperature dependent, but when you're talking about a couple of hours' difference in a day or so, most people won't be able to notice. Or in my case, when I check back next week because I forgot everything again, and it just rained.
Yo tengo una, otro nombre mas sin sentido asociado al azar. Si todos los elementos químicos hubiesen sido nombrados en honor de alguien, hubiese perdido el interés rápidamente. Con todo respeto por el canal y los ilustres hombres que han dado nombre a sus ideas y descubrimientos.
I just started my very first college chemistry class and I’ve been watching your videos for fun even before I started that class. They are super helpful and make it easy to understand the idea
NileRed I want to correct you, Mr Nile. You did not cover the subject of material topology that also covers the elusive topic about how should we structure in different categories the transitions that occur between the different states of matter.
NileRed On the first level, we must define 3 pairs of transitions between the first three states of matter. I say "first three" because there are more states and sub-states of matter (plasma that can be cold, warm and hot ; supersolids ; Boise-Einstein condensates ; neutron matter ; quark matter ; superfluids ; ideal and non-ideal gasses ; hypersolids ; superviscous fluids like pitch and tar sand ; hyperviscous fluids like glass and other amorph materials ; you got the ideea...)
@@weefslider Could I ask you to elaborate? I do not know much about colors (nor did I know that the primary colors aren't red, yellow, blue) so I'd be very interested to know more! :0
@@officiallynerdygames7270 the primary colors _are_ Red Green and Blue, but that's not the whole truth; those are the primary _additive_ colors, while Magenta, Yellow and Cyan are the primary _subtractive_ colors. This means that if you are working with an additive medium, where the wavelength of the colors are _added_ together (99.9% of the time this just means "light") then yes, RGB are the primary colors you want: you can mix additions of those 3 to each other to create every color; but if you are working with a medium where each color subtracts how much light is being given off (again, 99.9% of the time this just means "paint") you'd need CMYK ("K" standing in for Black). This happens because paint and light are literal opposites in the way they form colors; light gives off color, whereas paint _absorbs_ most colors, and only reflects the color we presume they "give out"; so, in fact, a "Blue Paint" is technically more of a "Not-red Not-green" paint; if you tried to take an RGB value for something like purple (150 red, 50 green, 200 blue) and tried to mix _paints_ with the same proportions, "3 parts red paint, 1 part green paint, 4 parts blue paint", you wouldn't get purple; you'd get a blue-ish dark brown color. As for why Cyan, Magenta and Yellow (plus Black, hanging out in the corner) are the primary subtractive colors, well, to put it simply, they are the result of subtracting the 3 primary additive colors from White; if you take away the Red from White, you have Cyan; take away the Blue, it becomes Yellow, so forth; this makes mixing subtractive colors much easier with these 3 building blocks. It might be fine to just teach kids RGB, but I have to say: as a child I absolutely _hated_ this; I _thought_ I had learned the primary colors, and I couldn't, for the life of me, understand why only a few of the paint mixes I made worked; using RGB you can barely get to the secondary colors before everything just turns brown, and it's really frustrating. When I eventually learned that I hadn't even been using the correct basic blocks it all made so much more sense; what makes me actually angry about this is that fkn paint companies here in Brazil actually _do_ sell "paint kids for children" that come with just RGB White and Black as colors, such a dick move.
@@mordirit8727 Oh! That's super duper interesting and makes a lot of sense (I was doing some painting a while ago and was really struggling to make some colors). Thank you for explaining it, that is really interesting!! ^^
@@mordirit8727 Fun fact: There is no cyan or magenta wavelength unlike RGB they are kind of anti-colors your brain forms in abscence of certain wavelengths
Love your vids! It would've been cool to talk about what a triple point is for a moment. I love the triple point; it's just so weird that something can be all 3 things at once (or at least move through all 3 phases over and over all at once). Videos of it make me happy :)
I genuinely hope that nilation becomes a common term for chemistry because it would seriously help clear things up. Not to mention it would be an amazing opportunity for this channel.
@@janmelantu7490 Annihilation already means something else though (matter + antimatter reactions, sometimes also used for particles which are their own antiparticles such as Higgses or hypothetical dark matter particles), so a term that sounds so close is probably a bad idea. I don't see any good reason to distinguish this "nilation" from evaporation anyway.
@Panel Deepak At its core, chemistry is "just" applied physics, but more importantly. there's tons of overlap. Both fields are interested in phase transitions, for example. The bigger problem with a term like "nilation" is that it doesn't pull its conceptual weight: what's happening is escape of thermal fast particles from the material, and it doesn't really matter what phase the material is, the physics is the same.
Nilation. I say it's a go. Clearly filling a gap in language to more accurately describe a real phenomenon is always a good move in my opinion. Congrats.
Myths like these strangely seem to come up in a lot of professions. Its kind of like how in my field (electrical/electronics engineering), its still pretty common to hear someone saying "Its not the voltage that kills you, its the amps". Very common misconception, when volts are required to to push the amps through you.
Ahhh yess, and then comes human stubbornness and pride to change what is wrong to what is right and just call the newer or alternative correct information as either wrong, unsupported by mainstream, or pseudo.
This myth is one of my biggest pet peeves. There’s a reason for “Danger, High Voltage” signs, and not so many “Danger, High Amperage” signs. FFS, every time your car starts up, it’s cranking hundreds of amps! But you could touch those battery terminals and be just fine because it’s 12V. Glad to see somebody else recognizes what a silly statement it is.
For extra credit on my chemistry exam, I had students watch your video and then pick the point on a phase diagram where a solid would nilate. I enjoy your videos a lot. Keep having fun in the lab and we'll keep watching.
It also works with Wikipedia's version of "nihilate" where it defines the Latin meaning as "I reduce to nothing" and the English meaning as "to encase in a shell of non-being." It technically works with the idea of nihilism, so I think it'd work perfectly. A new word for solid evaporation with unintentional Latin roots!
I know this is an older video, but I just recently watched the aerogel video and the supercritical CO2 video, and I wonder if it would be easier, or just cooler, to see supercritical iodine, unless the pressure needed to make iodine supercritical is unreasonable or just too dangerous. If it’s doable for you and your lab, I would love to watch that video! Thank you!
I looked of a more detailed phase digram of iodine and it says for it to go super critical it has to be at 115 atmospheres and 546° C (1014.8° F) I dont think that would be very possible (at least without super expensive fancy stuff and even then idk)
@@ae_baejust put some iodine in your taco bell haha so funny haha taco bell makes me poo poo haha wow isn't this funny and definitely not overused or unoriginal hooha heeheehoo haha hoohee haha funny and not overdone
I’m actually okay with using evaporation for solids and liquids, since in both cases, it’s the random escape of particles into the gas phase not linked to a real phase change. Although the starting phase can be different the physical process is the same, while boiling and sublimation are definitely different since different intermolecular forces are being broken.
But that's wrong. The New Oxford Dictionary for Scientific Writers states evaporation is "The change of state of a liquid into a vapour at a temperature below the boiling point of the liquid." Almost all the other sources I checked agree, and state it is specifically the change from liquid to gas. The only one that didn't was Merriam-Webster, which said it is the change to a gas without referring to its original state. "...not linked to a real phase change." Um, no. It is very much a real phase change, and there's nothing random about it. It has definite causes and you can change the rate at which it occurs, for example by putting it in a vacuum chamber. "..boiling and sublimation are definitely different since different intermolecular forces are being broken". No, they're the same forces, they're just being overcome for different reasons. So evaporation is a liquid turning into a gas, and sublimation is a solid turning into a gas, both of which are caused by differences in concentration of the substance (vapor pressure?), while boiling and freezing are phase changes caused by a change of heat energy.
@@kilroy2517 Good to see Kilroy was here. I think I'll be your gadfly for the evening though. In a hot cup of tea, there are molecules at many temperatures. Those temperatures average out to something nice, but individual molecules may be near absolute zero and some are much hotter than water's boiling point, say thousands of Kelvin. The same is true of a lump of brass or anything at any temperature. The hot molecules can and sometimes do fly off. The only difference material phase, temperature, pressure, or strength of intermolecular forces make is how many molecules fly away. Elvis left the building because he met and encountered all the conditions to do so even if the audience is sleeping it off or running after him for a sweat rag. Looked at that way, evaporation, sublimation, and nilation are all the same thing--Elvis leaving the building. If you are more interested in questions like: will it leave a mess, how long will my lump of stuff remain here, will the meltwater refreeze on the sidewalk tonight, or what does the test want for an answer, the distinction matters. As for dictionary definitions, there is a reason philosophy books dedicate several chapters to refining and redefining the key words they'll use.
@@karlharvymarx2650 Thank you for your well-thought out and written comment. A pleasant change of pace on YT. I don't disagree with anything you said, except your assertion that their may be a huge difference in energy states in that cup of tea - the range of temperatures for the vast majority of the molecules will be much, much narrower than you say, but I understand you did it for illustrative purposes. In effect, sublimation and evaporation are the same thing, but they're different words with different meanings, and I took the time to research it to make sure I wasn't just offering my opinion. A woman may give birth the old fashioned way, or she may get a C-section, and in effect they're both the same thing in that a new baby has been born, but they're really not the same thing, are they? I have no problem with Kyoobur looking at the ice tray in his freezer and thinking, "Hmm, the ice cubes have evaporated", because knowing that the ice has actually sublimated will not make his life any better, but when he tells others that that's correct, that's where I stepped in.
I agree with this. It is similar to how fluid dynamics uses many of the same language when dealing with liquids and gases, calling them both "fluids" for instance.
Basically iodine behaves exactly like water, that's what freezer burn is, sublimation. Water evaporates at lower temperatures than it's boiling temp as well.
Vote here on what you would like to see as a new term: goo.gl/rQ8sQ2 The new term would describe anything at temperatures to the left of the melting OR sublimation point. Regardless of whether or not it is below or above the triple point. I just wanted to add that because I might not have been super clear in the video. Also, the actual term that is used is up for debate. It's even possible to keep sublimation as the general solid to gas transition, and then use a new term for the proper phase change. My goal was to just bring forth this issue, not to push my own term.
Bit narcissistic there to be naming a physical process after yourself, isn't it? And besides, "nilation" doesn't intuitively sound related to any of the other words for phase-changes. It sounds more like "annihilation" to me. Since this process is essentially "evaporation of a solid", I think the term for it should at least take the root -vaporation, to make the connection to "evaporation" clear. Subvaporation, maybe?
Great idea, but the term itself is poorly structured. Nilate, is confusing because the phonetic breakdown is, Nil- and -ate. I'm sure you can see the issue with naming a phase change with 'Nil', which means zero. To the argument itself, I think anyone can see the clear logic in having differentiating terms. One thing I would keep in mind, is the rate of education of minors. Often when we are specialists, we use precise jargon to clearly specify what we are speaking. However, when we are children, it is often better to keep things simple so that children can learn without having to focus too much on learning a bunch of new words. I think this is the type of implied emphasis on specialization that is just common. Just think of stirring. To a child, they automatically think, "GRAB A SPOON AND GET MIXIN!". But to a sophisticated chemist you automatically go through a series of logic in your head... Am I going to use a magnetic stirrer? Will this mix with just a few striations? Will heat help as a catalyst while I stir? Do I need to stir this inside of a vacuum? Etc Etc Etc. Jargon is already known as creating an extra burden of restrictive education, I.E. increase the learning curve. Great for experts, bad for the new guys.
Even Tungsten has a vapor pressure at room temperature. Although even a single atom vaporizing off in this manner has probably never occurred, seeing as it's around 10^-140 Pascals, which makes even tiny amounts of room temperature tungsten more stable in a vacuum than supermassive black holes.
I am somehow hard pressed to believe that regular ass matter is more stable than a literal gravitational singularity. Sure you can say 'but what about Hawking Radiation', but then I can counter with what about black body radiation. You dont have vapour pressures for phenomaena with an escape velocity above c.
@@ineednochannelyoutube5384 I was skeptical at first too, but then I calculated the Hawking radiation pressure for a 5 mega-solar mass black hole and it turned out to be 10^-70 or so. You're right that Hawking radiation is analogous to black body radiation, but the difference is, Hawking radiation will actually evaporate the entire black hole away, whereas black body radiation will not. Imagine a situation where black hole and lump of metal are each isolated in their own universe, with nothing else -- no matter, no radiation, nothing. In that situation the black hole will begin to evaporate, but the tungsten block will cool down radiatively until its black body radiation is less intense than the Hawking radiation, too. There's two key physical principles here. One is that the stuff the lump of metal is made of -- protons, neutrons, electrons and the like -- are at least approximately conserved (if they do decay, it's much less important than anything else in the problem). In contrast, the black hole is happy to evaporate emitting only photons, and will do so for a long time. The second reason is that black holes have negative heat capacity, so as they radiate away heat they get _hotter,_ not colder. This means that Hawking radiation only ever becomes more intense, eventually becoming hot enough to even produce massive particles, whereas black body radiation slows to a trickle and stops. So there is a sense in which the claim in the OP is correct and meaningful.
I live in the southwesrern desert. On rare occasions we get snow/ice built up on the hood and windshield, here the winter is very dry and it's below freezing and we are traveling at speed on the hiway, the ice/snow does not melt but will sublimate from the vehicle. It's very cool to watch.
I really love watching these videos alongside my school taught chemistry, it’s really satisfying to rewatch a video that I didn’t understand previously and find that I understand much more of it now.
It's also fun to see how even in a specialized field like this there are actually misconceptions and possibly missing terms but they are just carried on over time as most people dont care enough to define a new term for it
Inotamira Orani he'll get it as soon as he drone bombs civilians (Obama won a Nobel Peace Prize despite increasing the US usage of drones to execute attacks on metadata targets resulting in an increase in civilian deaths in the "War on Terror")
I feel sheepish at least a dozen times a day when I have to use the word sublimation, as one does, and the person I'm talking to gets confused. I can't wait to bust out the word nilation when I'm having one of my extremely frequent conversations about advanced chemistry while talking to my coworkers at Domino's Pizza. Cheers.
i was thinking of dominos while reading this and holy shit is that a coincidence or did my brain read the last sentence subconsciously and made me think it
I've been a ChemE for 30+ years and this is the best explanation of phase changes of matter that I've ever encountered! 🌟🧑🔬 I like the proposal to introduce a new "nileation" term for clarification. One nuance to note is when changing to a gaseous phase *in air* this is actually a *partial* vapor pressure (b/c the gas molecules are mixed with air). The phase diagram is for the pure substance.
my chemistry teacher once did the "experiment" you did in the beginning. well, the glass exploded (probably due to the heat) and we had purple vapor all over the classroom.
Science textbooks are garbage. Some of the gems I can recall of the top of my head that I learned in high school: - There are 26 amino acids (there are 20) - Solids and liquids are completely incompressible. (they both compress, just a lot less than a gas. if they were incompressible, the speed of sound in them would be infinite) - Lasers a perfectly monochromatic, the beam never spreads and all the light waves in the beam are perfectly in sync with each other - all false. (perfect monochromicity violates the laws of thermodynamics, laser beams absolutely spread out, there's special optics laws governing that, perfect light wave synchronicity also violates thermodynamics and ignores things like multiple cavity phases.)
There are thousands of post-transcriptionally modified amino acids but only 20 canonical ones that are coded for by DNA. And solid/liquid compression is not negligible at all. If you are doing any sort of serious engineering, you have to take that compression into account.
One of my science textbooks gave a completely wrong definition for a scientific theory. That's a pretty important thing in science, I don't know how they messed that up.
What? I thought this was just a comment about some mistakes in textbooks. Somehow it turned into people bashing each other over I don't even know what.
When I taught this, I said “It doesn't need to melt before a significant amount transitions to a vapor state.” Every year kids looked it up in the CRC and saw there is a melting point. Our textbook did not say anything about liquid iodine. If I were still teaching I might have started playing with it at higher and lower pressures.
I screwed up when I was a teenager. I took some iodine from the chem lab. I heated it up on aluminum. I didn't realize it was going to release so much red smoke. My entire kitchen went from yellow to a pinkish color. My hands were red and I had breathed the gas. I was so scared because I didn't know if this stuff was poisonous.
@@khatunamezvrishvili6211 I saw the release of red smoke in chem class and I thought it was amazing. This was before RUclips existed. So I figured I would recreate this at home. Lolololol.... Bad idea. I had to scrub my hands and the walls. My mother was pissed off to see all the walls redden by this stuff.
You have both explained and resolved my greatest pet peeve in chemistry. I vote that we establish language to differentiate the 2 modes of sublimation and I think Nilation sounds awesome.
Nilation is the best! Sounds a bit like annihilation though.... so given sufficient time, gold could be annihilated by nilation. The phase diagram explanation was also interesting, but I'd like to see a video on the critical point and super critical thingies.
That's amazing. As someone else said, I love this channel's content. I can't get enough. Keep doing the good work, you're educating millions. I appreciate your work. One of my all time favorites.
I feel like I've learned more about chemistry from a handful of chemistry RUclipsrs that demonstrate and thoroughly explain chemistry than I did from two high school courses filled with listless textbook readings and endless stoichiometry equations. When it comes down to it, I know the math and numbers are important, but the actual understanding of chemistry and the nature of certain chemicals is something I feel like should be learned before getting into all the numbers and calculations. Let our curiosities be piqued and satisfied, then see how we feel about learning the hard stuff afterward once we've gotten a good hands-on experience.
I dont think anyone should be punished for challenging the understanding/beliefs of their teacher. If their teacher fully understands a topic they should be able to explain/correct that. If anything, allowing you to try to prove your point would be a better way to do things @_@
teachers in 2100 be like" ok class nilation was coined by the great youtuber nile and he single-handedly solved one of the greatest problems in chemistry"
While nilation is a great word, I think I prefer *Superation.* Because *Sub* -limation occurs *below* the triple point. Wheras *Super* -ation occurs *above* the triple point.
My issue with that is that It sounds too similar to saturation, which is a problem because saturation is commonly used in theromdynamics. I don't know of any words in thermodynamics that are similar to nilation.
The alchemists called the process of the solid to gaseous phase, "exaltation". I see this on my windshield when ice directly evaporates. So there is temperature and pressure, but also humidity at play. Interesting video. Thank you for clarifying sublimation. 👍
This is a 13 minute summary of Gen Chem II in action😊. @2:50 alone...chemical kinetics, rate of thermodynamic equilibria, and properties of liquid and gas phase changes. Beautifully demonstrated!
thank you NileRed, every time i watch one of your videos, my brain gets bigger. this helped me with my chemistry class, and your other videos are helping me with biology. im learning so many new things that i could definitely impress my teacher. and eventually from watching your videos alone, i could become a chemist or a biologist. You explain everything so well and so clearly. I dont know a lot about chemistry but when you explain something, it just makes sense.
All I can hear is Mel Brooks: We wish to nilate in a hurry. Nilate in a hurry, that's wonderful, wait! I'm on my last customer. (Robin Hood: men in tights)
I would define it this way: Sublimation = Solid to gas phase change Melting = Solid to liquid phase change Boiling = Liquid to gas phase change Evaporation = High-energy minority of molecules escaping into gaseous state above phase change pressure/below phase change temperature, broken down into Solid Evaporation (colloquially known as sublimation) and Liquid Evaporation (colloquially known as evaporation).
I was always interested in it but the teacher at my school sucked and I could not learn from him, to the point I completely changed classes... wish I had a good teacher so I could've really learned...
Most high school chemistry classes are very dry and boring. Nothing exciting beyond burning magnesium strips in oxygen and explaining why that happens.
My chemistry teacher threw sodium into a fish tank. Pretty cool stuff. Even a small piece was enough to violently explode towards the top but luckily he had the foresight to cover it
Cant wait to stand up in class and be that kid for once, " Mr. teacher man, thats not right, I watched a youtube video, saying that the textbooks were wrong"
it's nice when you do it once but once you become addicted to it and can't stop anymore it becomes very annoying to have teachers be annoyed at you and have the reputation of being *that* kid
@Communist Antarctica so how's that depression and impostor syndrome going for you ? (also our usernames kind of mirror one another which makes this even funnier)
Time to write a letter to IUPAC! (BTW, according to them, the official definition of sublimation is "The direct transition of a solid to a vapour without passing through a liquid phase. Example: The transition of solid CO2 to CO2 vapour." Sounds like they carefully chose their example to avoid the issue!)
I'm not saying they do, I'm saying since they're the official organism in charge of chemical nomenclature, if you think a nomenclature problem should be addressed (namely the definition of "sublimation"), they're the ones to write to.
adding a joke page wont help anything, please tell more ppl about it so that we can get recognition and let actual wikipedia editors who will follow the rules know so we can get it on there without a bad reputation. that will just create negative spam in discussion page history
I was taught in school how melting and sublimating works. I remember them saying it has to do with pressure. I haven't finished the video so I'll see if I'm right. 6:00 I knew it. I remembered that same diagram.
It has been my observation over 60 years, that we always learn orders of magnitude more in life than we ever do in class. A large part of this is due to the fact that fools write school curriculum, having no intent to educate us to be successful in life. They are always behind the times too. Akin to being instructed by educated people that never were or never could be successful in the real world. This creates diminishing returns like a copy of a copy of a copy does.
Liquid is such an interesting sate of matter, in that it typically exits as a bubble in phase diagrams. Liquids are sort of an anomaly because they require very specific conditions, but it seems very presumptive to state that something can't have a liquid state simply because it sublimates. You can get just about anything to sublimate under the correct pressure and temperature conditions. How do people publish junk like that?
I remember learning about the phase diagram 2 years back during the physics, and back then, I thought that it is cool, but useless. And I also didnt know, why something evaporates, but something sublimates. And now, you've had opened my mind , so thanks to your help, I kinda understood it on my own. Also, when I think about that, the sublimation occurs under the triple point, so maybe thats why its called SUBlimation lol
The concept of this reminds me of people who say, “alcohol doesn’t freeze.” Sure, doesn’t freeze in your consumer grade freezer, but it certainly can.
@Dcard Dcardian Then
The concept that only exist 3 States of matter
@@joroc yeah lol
Brilliantly explained!
All elements can be in all 4 matter states, just takes the right conditions.
I don't know jack flip about chemistry, but this is becoming one of my favorite channels of all time.
Jorge Díaz SAME
*same same same same same same same same same same same same same same same same same same same same*
If you understand most of what he’s saying then you know a lot more than you think. Give yourself some credit! At least you have an interest. 👍🏼
What saddens me is that humanity has gotten to the point where people don’t watch these videos to learn more or to follow along, they just watch it because it looks cool.
Stormtorch looking cool is the start to an interest. Nobody learns about the physics of rollercoasters and then proceeds to think think they’re cool, no they think they look cool and are fun to ride and in turn become interested in the physics of it. At least that’s how it worked for me
He sounds like he's written so many chem papers they've become the default format of his internal monologue
Hello
@@anapple1220 Hello, how are you today?
@@PneumaticFrog 🦊
But I enjoy hearing what he has to say. It's all very interesting, especially when I'm high
I wish he has written them. If not, maybe I should try and submit this video to my Biochem teacher when I was in college 7 years ago... for his 2nd or maybe 3rd book that he’s probably writing. His a good person who knows how to give credit where credit is due.
This is just like that math proposition for the Tao sign that was proposed in place of 2(pi) in most mathematics equation.
I noticed this when we were taught this in chemistry at A level, the text said it doesn’t melt, we obviously fired a Bunsen burner at a huge amount in the time cupboard to make big purple clouds, and noticed the solid iodine melting and boiling. Always wondered why!
impressive, You didn't comment "*Lean Gas*" since this accursed Society where some purple drug is fabled and hyped, without tasting it
@@SherloDaDino but you did
@@SherloDaDino what?
@@SherloDaDino u are clearly a genius
@@SherloDaDino lean gas
I love how it doesn’t really sound like he named it after himself. Nilation sounds like a real term
similar to "anihilation".
Like dilation
I feel like he should submit the term Nilation to a chemistry group or who ever creates these definitions so that way it becomes official because it’s a very useful term and it does make sense logically
Steve Mould got an effect officially named after him because of an old RUclips video of his, so why can't NileRed?
nihilism
I like the idea for a new word for sublimation without a distinct phase change! However catchy "nilation" may be, might I suggest an alternative? Both sublimation and evaporation are derived from Latin route words - sublimare meaning "to raise to a higher level" and evaporare meaning "to vaporize". I propose sticking to the Latin theme and using effugere meaning "to escape". Effugation would be the process of molecular escape.
Douglas Manofsky in vino veritas! 😉
Coooooool
Stop trying to make up your own words
@@gerarddunne956 ohhhhh then what should he do idiot.............. He is trying to do something good.... By making science make some sense but you my friend will oppose him.......
@@MarkyIsNow I'm not opposing him,im opposing you....Stop trying to act all smart by making up your own words that sound terrible(well I was actually blaming the person that wrote this comment but still)
"Despite it being incorrect, it's still often taught in schools, and sometimes even written in textbooks."
A phrase that I wish could be said less about many things.
True
You mean everything related to progressivism nowadays?
Lol I was thinking the same thing. People are going to be astounded when they look back on this period of history and realize that so many things they thought they knew were totally wrong. I guess that’s part of the human condition. The media is doing a terrific job of bastardizing medical science at the moment.
"teachers" and especially career academics are rarely challenged, and have massive egos. on the rare occasions they realize they are wrong, they quickly bury their mistakes with the diligence of a pencil pusher. the culture does not reward failures, despite existing as a result of focusing on them as a means oof improvement. Don't even get me started on the grifters that sell shitty textbooks....
@@haroldgamarra7175 you mean like southern schools and textbooks teaching that slavery wasn't that bad, and the confederates were actually noble good guys fighting off their northern oppressors?
I love the term nialation. It sounds similar to annihilation. "So, today we're doing a-nialation of iodine"
HOLY SHIT YES THIS IS GENIUS!
Just wait until the teacher says "Today we'll be finding out how in-nilation of iodine molecules turn into gas". And that one student understands "inhalation"
Leave the iodine alone
Basically 😂
I love how the books where they say iodine doesn’t melt just state it but books that say iodine does melt actually give temperatures, data and examples
"Iodine doesn't melt at negative Infinity to positive Infinity" that's like saying this car can't move also it has a top speed of 0 miles per hour and 0 kilometers per hour it's completely unnecessary data that's why isn't shown
@@andrewmoore7022 exactly! You can't give data for something that doesn't exist. However, I do kinda agree with the original comment because they should've provided some other form of evidence, not necessarily numbers.
The easy way would be to say "iodine doesn't melt under standard atmospheric conditions", then go into detail about the conditions when it melts.
It's like saying "mercury is the only element that is liquid under normal atmospheric conditions" when gallium melts at around 29.75°C (85.55°F) which is not only below human body temperature but also below "standard" temperature in many climates. For somebody in Spain, gallium would naturally be liquid. Even potassium with a melting point of ~36.84°C (98.31°F) would be liquid on a hot summer day.
I would go even further and say "iodine prefers sublimation over melting under normal atmospheric conditions" to make sure to tell people that both can happen, but one ist just far more likely than the other.
Well because the burden of proof is on the person who makes the claim
How are they supposed to give temperature ranges for something that (supposedly) doesn't happen? "It doesn't melt at temperatures of -∞ to ∞"?
**unironically uses the term Nilation from now on because its a good idea to have a specific word, and plenty of scientific terms are named after individual people anyways**
Considering how close Nilation is to Nihilism its a pretty good term. It's basically a solid wasting away, so it fits the term
@@codec862 Ah, my daily dose of existential crisis
@@codec862 ahahahahahahahaha
I'm not sure the term pulls its conceptual weight tbh.
If we all use it enough it’ll become a generic term
and my teacher really said h2o was the only thing that could be liquid, gas and solid.
That is probably one of the dumbest things i've heard a teacher say lool
Wtf?
In what class/grade?
shashank ambone first year secondary school
@@T0B well then it's understandable i guess, since going in depth about it won't be useful and may conduse the kids. I guess they could have put it better by saying 'Water is easily seen in all three phases in our day to day life compared to other things'.
My mother talks about visiting a relative in Canada in winter who hung out the washing outside to dry by nilation. When the wet washing was hung out it promptly became stiff as the water froze, when the washing was dry the clothes were flexible again.
Good example since the pressure of triple point of water is below 1atm.
I lived this. I once owned a house with a washer, but no dryer. You get mighty cold fingers hanging the laundry below zero, but they dry just as fast as a hot day.
@@CameronBales I was going to say "just as fast can't possibly be true", since we know both nilation and evaporation are temperature dependent, but when you're talking about a couple of hours' difference in a day or so, most people won't be able to notice. Or in my case, when I check back next week because I forgot everything again, and it just rained.
8:28 "Except this time, the Boiling point is Below the Melting point..."
My brain: *distant crackling of thunder*
My brain went to 900 ping when he said that
@@alexwhitton1 fool, my brain slowed down to 1400 ping
You all have brains? I don't :(
@@throwaway569 sad
@@throwaway569 I hope u are able to get one soon
You should totally write a paper on this and submit it to academia. Their is literally no reason why you couldn't get nilation into the books.
Yo tengo una, otro nombre mas sin sentido asociado al azar. Si todos los elementos químicos hubiesen sido nombrados en honor de alguien, hubiese perdido el interés rápidamente. Con todo respeto por el canal y los ilustres hombres que han dado nombre a sus ideas y descubrimientos.
@@arianelcole ?
Shlomo Goldsteinmenbergvitz that literally doesn’t mean anything lol, my mother language is Spanish and I make mistakes like that all the time
@@kokomisorbet you have my respect
(No, really, with all the respect)
@@kokomisorbet Technically, North America is a continent ;P
Me, trying to study for a math test: “focus.”
Also me, five minutes after I promised to focus:
“Metal make purpl smork”
I got physics cri
purpl smork look like glitter heir
It's not a metal.
ThaFuzzwood first off, alright, my bad, I didn’t know that. Second of all, it... is a joke.
Welding homework here lol
I just started my very first college chemistry class and I’ve been watching your videos for fun even before I started that class. They are super helpful and make it easy to understand the idea
I can see 200 years from now, kids in class complaining that they have to watch an ancient educational video about Nilation.
For history
For history
For history
4 histories
History for
Wonderfully edited and informative. Excellent composition and logical structure. I really like this video :)
thanks man. I really appreciate it.
They're both Canadians, their initials are the same...
Has anyone ever seen Nile Red and NurdRage in the same room?
I am now shipping NileRage
Or maybe Top 10 AnimeBattles? (NurdRage x NileRed)
NileRed I want to correct you, Mr Nile.
You did not cover the subject of material topology that also covers the elusive topic about how should we structure in different categories the transitions that occur between the different states of matter.
NileRed On the first level, we must define 3 pairs of transitions between the first three states of matter. I say "first three" because there are more states and sub-states of matter (plasma that can be cold, warm and hot ; supersolids ; Boise-Einstein condensates ; neutron matter ; quark matter ; superfluids ; ideal and non-ideal gasses ; hypersolids ; superviscous fluids like pitch and tar sand ; hyperviscous fluids like glass and other amorph materials ; you got the ideea...)
This is exactly something that proves that you're taught for the test and not for the knowledge
@unregisteredhypercam 12 It depends, actually
@@weefslider Could I ask you to elaborate? I do not know much about colors (nor did I know that the primary colors aren't red, yellow, blue) so I'd be very interested to know more! :0
@@officiallynerdygames7270 the primary colors _are_ Red Green and Blue, but that's not the whole truth; those are the primary _additive_ colors, while Magenta, Yellow and Cyan are the primary _subtractive_ colors.
This means that if you are working with an additive medium, where the wavelength of the colors are _added_ together (99.9% of the time this just means "light") then yes, RGB are the primary colors you want: you can mix additions of those 3 to each other to create every color; but if you are working with a medium where each color subtracts how much light is being given off (again, 99.9% of the time this just means "paint") you'd need CMYK ("K" standing in for Black).
This happens because paint and light are literal opposites in the way they form colors; light gives off color, whereas paint _absorbs_ most colors, and only reflects the color we presume they "give out"; so, in fact, a "Blue Paint" is technically more of a "Not-red Not-green" paint; if you tried to take an RGB value for something like purple (150 red, 50 green, 200 blue) and tried to mix _paints_ with the same proportions, "3 parts red paint, 1 part green paint, 4 parts blue paint", you wouldn't get purple; you'd get a blue-ish dark brown color.
As for why Cyan, Magenta and Yellow (plus Black, hanging out in the corner) are the primary subtractive colors, well, to put it simply, they are the result of subtracting the 3 primary additive colors from White; if you take away the Red from White, you have Cyan; take away the Blue, it becomes Yellow, so forth; this makes mixing subtractive colors much easier with these 3 building blocks.
It might be fine to just teach kids RGB, but I have to say: as a child I absolutely _hated_ this; I _thought_ I had learned the primary colors, and I couldn't, for the life of me, understand why only a few of the paint mixes I made worked; using RGB you can barely get to the secondary colors before everything just turns brown, and it's really frustrating. When I eventually learned that I hadn't even been using the correct basic blocks it all made so much more sense; what makes me actually angry about this is that fkn paint companies here in Brazil actually _do_ sell "paint kids for children" that come with just RGB White and Black as colors, such a dick move.
@@mordirit8727 Oh! That's super duper interesting and makes a lot of sense (I was doing some painting a while ago and was really struggling to make some colors). Thank you for explaining it, that is really interesting!! ^^
@@mordirit8727 Fun fact: There is no cyan or magenta wavelength unlike RGB they are kind of anti-colors your brain forms in abscence of certain wavelengths
Love your vids! It would've been cool to talk about what a triple point is for a moment. I love the triple point; it's just so weird that something can be all 3 things at once (or at least move through all 3 phases over and over all at once). Videos of it make me happy :)
I genuinely hope that nilation becomes a common term for chemistry because it would seriously help clear things up. Not to mention it would be an amazing opportunity for this channel.
It sounds like “annihilation” which makes it sound actually legit
lol you never thought about this before
@@janmelantu7490 Annihilation already means something else though (matter + antimatter reactions, sometimes also used for particles which are their own antiparticles such as Higgses or hypothetical dark matter particles), so a term that sounds so close is probably a bad idea. I don't see any good reason to distinguish this "nilation" from evaporation anyway.
@Panel Deepak At its core, chemistry is "just" applied physics, but more importantly. there's tons of overlap. Both fields are interested in phase transitions, for example. The bigger problem with a term like "nilation" is that it doesn't pull its conceptual weight: what's happening is escape of thermal fast particles from the material, and it doesn't really matter what phase the material is, the physics is the same.
@Panel Deepak " Chemistry rarely involves matter and antimatter let alone matter antimatter reactions."
Beta decay.
NileRed is my top faceless scientist
Nurdrage
Faceless?
Not any more. I pictured him as older than he appears to be. Very smart guy.
Unfortunately Nile has a face
@@noti7510 "Unfortunately"
Nilation. I say it's a go. Clearly filling a gap in language to more accurately describe a real phenomenon is always a good move in my opinion. Congrats.
Myths like these strangely seem to come up in a lot of professions. Its kind of like how in my field (electrical/electronics engineering), its still pretty common to hear someone saying "Its not the voltage that kills you, its the amps". Very common misconception, when volts are required to to push the amps through you.
Ahhh yess, and then comes human stubbornness and pride to change what is wrong to what is right and just call the newer or alternative correct information as either wrong, unsupported by mainstream, or pseudo.
This myth is one of my biggest pet peeves. There’s a reason for “Danger, High Voltage” signs, and not so many “Danger, High Amperage” signs. FFS, every time your car starts up, it’s cranking hundreds of amps! But you could touch those battery terminals and be just fine because it’s 12V.
Glad to see somebody else recognizes what a silly statement it is.
For extra credit on my chemistry exam, I had students watch your video and then pick the point on a phase diagram where a solid would nilate. I enjoy your videos a lot. Keep having fun in the lab and we'll keep watching.
Great video! There really should be a word for solid evaporation, and nilation sounds great. Thanks!
Hey man, glad you liked it!
NileRed, Applied Science, did not expect that one watch another. What's about collaboration video?
It also works with Wikipedia's version of "nihilate" where it defines the Latin meaning as "I reduce to nothing" and the English meaning as "to encase in a shell of non-being."
It technically works with the idea of nihilism, so I think it'd work perfectly.
A new word for solid evaporation with unintentional Latin roots!
I agree. It implies nihilism which is somewhat the opposite of the classical definition of sublime.
Isn't solid evaporation sublimation?
Nile: “so as you can see that this proves the myth wrong and iodine can melt”
Me: “OOOooh pretty purple vapor”
Yes yes it is...
one day he’s finally gonna snap and you know the rest
@@kitkong5075 crazy? i was crazy once. they put me in a room, an enclosed room full of iodine, the iodine made me crazy. crazy? i was crazy once.
I know this is an older video, but I just recently watched the aerogel video and the supercritical CO2 video, and I wonder if it would be easier, or just cooler, to see supercritical iodine, unless the pressure needed to make iodine supercritical is unreasonable or just too dangerous. If it’s doable for you and your lab, I would love to watch that video! Thank you!
I looked of a more detailed phase digram of iodine and it says for it to go super critical it has to be at 115 atmospheres and 546° C (1014.8° F) I dont think that would be very possible (at least without super expensive fancy stuff and even then idk)
@@ae_bae Yeah in order to do that safely you'd need a lab with a lot more funding than Nile's
@@ae_baejust put some iodine in your taco bell haha so funny haha taco bell makes me poo poo haha wow isn't this funny and definitely not overused or unoriginal hooha heeheehoo haha hoohee haha funny and not overdone
u can just heat it more, and use less pressure
@@ae_bae
i said this?
"Nile, what'd you do to the block of iodine I had in the fridge?"
"Oh sorry, I 'nihilated that"
Lol
"I, er.. nilhilated it."
"You annihilated it?!"
"No thats not what I mean--"
"Thats what she said"
Whata bout vaporization?
You should write this up as a paper and submit it to some journals.
You never know, Nilation might catch on.
you have my vote.
Chemists: Noooo! You can't melt Iodine!
NileRed: Haha, Iodine go splash.
Hello there!
Diane Adams// you copied this from Lysandish!
@@thebaseelanthebasavagam220 "YoU'rE a PhOnY! a BiG fAt PhOnY!!"
wow internet comment joke go the same
Hahahahahaha
I'm starting to use nilation from now on, it is one of my biggest gripe when talking about phase transitions!
Team Nilation Right Here!
Most people’s brains: I’m gonna say this to my science teacher
My brain: it says “triple PLOINT” (7:55)
ploint, i believe THAT ...
i like your brain :)
Deadass that made my day, got me cackling
I did not notice this before. Thanks for pointing it out.
@@daves_secret_chord PLOINT-ing it out
lol
@@UnboxMaster it's not a real word. it's an urban.
I love this man if he was my teacher I would stay in contact with him after high school instead of forgetting about him.
Mr. Red
Sublimation: below triple point
Superlimation: above triple point
PERFECT
What a superblime suggestion
@@agentstache135 *superlime
do u mix up inhale and exhale? This is the same concept
@Khaffit Not as bad as hyper and hypo...
I genuinely love how there are the name number of subscribers as there are views in this video, 4.09 million subs and 4.09 million views
Teacher: Iodine doesn't melt.
Me:I'm gonna end this man's whole career.
end them rightly
For NileRed
I’m gonna melt this man’s whole career
DUDE I JUST DID THAT IN CLASS TODAY
I sent this to my chemistry teacher just cause
I’m actually okay with using evaporation for solids and liquids, since in both cases, it’s the random escape of particles into the gas phase not linked to a real phase change. Although the starting phase can be different the physical process is the same, while boiling and sublimation are definitely different since different intermolecular forces are being broken.
But that's wrong. The New Oxford Dictionary for Scientific Writers states evaporation is "The change of state of a liquid into a vapour at a temperature below the boiling point of the liquid." Almost all the other sources I checked agree, and state it is specifically the change from liquid to gas. The only one that didn't was Merriam-Webster, which said it is the change to a gas without referring to its original state.
"...not linked to a real phase change." Um, no. It is very much a real phase change, and there's nothing random about it. It has definite causes and you can change the rate at which it occurs, for example by putting it in a vacuum chamber.
"..boiling and sublimation are definitely different since different intermolecular forces are being broken". No, they're the same forces, they're just being overcome for different reasons.
So evaporation is a liquid turning into a gas, and sublimation is a solid turning into a gas, both of which are caused by differences in concentration of the substance (vapor pressure?), while boiling and freezing are phase changes caused by a change of heat energy.
@@kilroy2517 Good to see Kilroy was here. I think I'll be your gadfly for the evening though. In a hot cup of tea, there are molecules at many temperatures. Those temperatures average out to something nice, but individual molecules may be near absolute zero and some are much hotter than water's boiling point, say thousands of Kelvin. The same is true of a lump of brass or anything at any temperature. The hot molecules can and sometimes do fly off. The only difference material phase, temperature, pressure, or strength of intermolecular forces make is how many molecules fly away. Elvis left the building because he met and encountered all the conditions to do so even if the audience is sleeping it off or running after him for a sweat rag.
Looked at that way, evaporation, sublimation, and nilation are all the same thing--Elvis leaving the building. If you are more interested in questions like: will it leave a mess, how long will my lump of stuff remain here, will the meltwater refreeze on the sidewalk tonight, or what does the test want for an answer, the distinction matters.
As for dictionary definitions, there is a reason philosophy books dedicate several chapters to refining and redefining the key words they'll use.
@@karlharvymarx2650 Thank you for your well-thought out and written comment. A pleasant change of pace on YT. I don't disagree with anything you said, except your assertion that their may be a huge difference in energy states in that cup of tea - the range of temperatures for the vast majority of the molecules will be much, much narrower than you say, but I understand you did it for illustrative purposes. In effect, sublimation and evaporation are the same thing, but they're different words with different meanings, and I took the time to research it to make sure I wasn't just offering my opinion. A woman may give birth the old fashioned way, or she may get a C-section, and in effect they're both the same thing in that a new baby has been born, but they're really not the same thing, are they? I have no problem with Kyoobur looking at the ice tray in his freezer and thinking, "Hmm, the ice cubes have evaporated", because knowing that the ice has actually sublimated will not make his life any better, but when he tells others that that's correct, that's where I stepped in.
Solids sublimate, they don’t evaporate.
I agree with this. It is similar to how fluid dynamics uses many of the same language when dealing with liquids and gases, calling them both "fluids" for instance.
when I saw the title, I thought it said "The Iodine Meth" and I was like yes! he's finally admitting he has a meth lab
e
This is the moment when NileRed became Heisenberg
Yeah I thought it said Iodine meth as well.
F
I could see Nile and Michael reeves sharing one.
Basically iodine behaves exactly like water, that's what freezer burn is, sublimation. Water evaporates at lower temperatures than it's boiling temp as well.
Finally someone... Thank you very much for this video. Now I can just reference people to this and I don't have to argue with them.
Vote here on what you would like to see as a new term: goo.gl/rQ8sQ2
The new term would describe anything at temperatures to the left of the melting OR sublimation point. Regardless of whether or not it is below or above the triple point. I just wanted to add that because I might not have been super clear in the video.
Also, the actual term that is used is up for debate. It's even possible to keep sublimation as the general solid to gas transition, and then use a new term for the proper phase change. My goal was to just bring forth this issue, not to push my own term.
Bit narcissistic there to be naming a physical process after yourself, isn't it? And besides, "nilation" doesn't intuitively sound related to any of the other words for phase-changes. It sounds more like "annihilation" to me.
Since this process is essentially "evaporation of a solid", I think the term for it should at least take the root -vaporation, to make the connection to "evaporation" clear. Subvaporation, maybe?
I love it.
Someone is jealous
Perfect, the term sounds good and has a clear definition. Time to propagate the term in class =)
Great idea, but the term itself is poorly structured. Nilate, is confusing because the phonetic breakdown is, Nil- and -ate. I'm sure you can see the issue with naming a phase change with 'Nil', which means zero.
To the argument itself, I think anyone can see the clear logic in having differentiating terms. One thing I would keep in mind, is the rate of education of minors.
Often when we are specialists, we use precise jargon to clearly specify what we are speaking. However, when we are children, it is often better to keep things simple so that children can learn without having to focus too much on learning a bunch of new words.
I think this is the type of implied emphasis on specialization that is just common. Just think of stirring.
To a child, they automatically think, "GRAB A SPOON AND GET MIXIN!".
But to a sophisticated chemist you automatically go through a series of logic in your head... Am I going to use a magnetic stirrer? Will this mix with just a few striations? Will heat help as a catalyst while I stir? Do I need to stir this inside of a vacuum? Etc Etc Etc.
Jargon is already known as creating an extra burden of restrictive education, I.E. increase the learning curve.
Great for experts, bad for the new guys.
Even Tungsten has a vapor pressure at room temperature.
Although even a single atom vaporizing off in this manner has probably never occurred, seeing as it's around 10^-140 Pascals, which makes even tiny amounts of room temperature tungsten more stable in a vacuum than supermassive black holes.
Dats a lotta zeros
TIL Tungsten is pretty dope.
@@Gabriel-yd4bq yep
I am somehow hard pressed to believe that regular ass matter is more stable than a literal gravitational singularity.
Sure you can say 'but what about Hawking Radiation', but then I can counter with what about black body radiation.
You dont have vapour pressures for phenomaena with an escape velocity above c.
@@ineednochannelyoutube5384 I was skeptical at first too, but then I calculated the Hawking radiation pressure for a 5 mega-solar mass black hole and it turned out to be 10^-70 or so. You're right that Hawking radiation is analogous to black body radiation, but the difference is, Hawking radiation will actually evaporate the entire black hole away, whereas black body radiation will not. Imagine a situation where black hole and lump of metal are each isolated in their own universe, with nothing else -- no matter, no radiation, nothing. In that situation the black hole will begin to evaporate, but the tungsten block will cool down radiatively until its black body radiation is less intense than the Hawking radiation, too.
There's two key physical principles here. One is that the stuff the lump of metal is made of -- protons, neutrons, electrons and the like -- are at least approximately conserved (if they do decay, it's much less important than anything else in the problem). In contrast, the black hole is happy to evaporate emitting only photons, and will do so for a long time. The second reason is that black holes have negative heat capacity, so as they radiate away heat they get _hotter,_ not colder. This means that Hawking radiation only ever becomes more intense, eventually becoming hot enough to even produce massive particles, whereas black body radiation slows to a trickle and stops.
So there is a sense in which the claim in the OP is correct and meaningful.
I live in the southwesrern desert. On rare occasions we get snow/ice built up on the hood and windshield, here the winter is very dry and it's below freezing and we are traveling at speed on the hiway, the ice/snow does not melt but will sublimate from the vehicle. It's very cool to watch.
“Nilation” sounds like “annihilation”
reminds me of the movie
oh more like Nihilism, the belief that nothing is right about Iodine sublimation!
r/yourjokebutbetter
Mk. 5 r/woosh
@@yazmin1522 r/itswooooshwith4os
Man that thumbnail looks like it has that aura that gets used whenever a character cooks a horrendous meal.
Yes, Shion from Slime in particular must use a lot of iodine in her cooking.
@@Merennulli i wonder if she would shoot iodine at whoever disliked her food
@@NoOne-qi4tb She usually just threateningly squeezes or stretches Rimuru while glaring at whoever does.
@@Merennulli yrs but what after?
@@Merennulli it left us on a cliffhanger but what happened when rimuru just reversed the whole "keep your reason" or something
I really love watching these videos alongside my school taught chemistry, it’s really satisfying to rewatch a video that I didn’t understand previously and find that I understand much more of it now.
It's also fun to see how even in a specialized field like this there are actually misconceptions and possibly missing terms but they are just carried on over time as most people dont care enough to define a new term for it
“Let me know if you think of something better” BROOOO you’re a genius that term is immaculate!!!!
This channel reminds me why I loved Chemistry in high school
Its already nilation to me.
Inotamira Orani he'll get it as soon as he drone bombs civilians (Obama won a Nobel Peace Prize despite increasing the US usage of drones to execute attacks on metadata targets resulting in an increase in civilian deaths in the "War on Terror")
The Nobel Prize for Peace management doesn't work the same way as the others. The Peace prize is just political
Get out of here you trash dog.
Cermet it's*
AceZX57 Official lmao is there anything on your mind you want to talk about?
I feel sheepish at least a dozen times a day when I have to use the word sublimation, as one does, and the person I'm talking to gets confused. I can't wait to bust out the word nilation when I'm having one of my extremely frequent conversations about advanced chemistry while talking to my coworkers at Domino's Pizza. Cheers.
I was thinking this was a gonna be a humble brag until the end haha
i was thinking of dominos while reading this and holy shit is that a coincidence or did my brain read the last sentence subconsciously and made me think it
@@pvc1380 most likely the latter
Wow you're so smart how dare people not know stuff they're not interested in lol
@@skeletoninyourbody9896 I cannot tell whether you're joking lol
I've been a ChemE for 30+ years and this is the best explanation of phase changes of matter that I've ever encountered! 🌟🧑🔬
I like the proposal to introduce a new "nileation" term for clarification.
One nuance to note is when changing to a gaseous phase *in air* this is actually a *partial* vapor pressure (b/c the gas molecules are mixed with air). The phase diagram is for the pure substance.
my chemistry teacher once did the "experiment" you did in the beginning. well, the glass exploded (probably due to the heat) and we had purple vapor all over the classroom.
Bob Lyle yes, especially if teacher doesn't think about opening the windows
soundspark well, I think you need a working fume hood to do that....
soundspark No Money in German classrooms For a fume hood
@Lost Places FPV than not such experiments, its pretty strict regulated. fume hoods and full room fume extractors are standard since ~ 30 years.
Help I dont want to know what happened to the people who breathed the Iodine.
when this whole pandemic is over, imma prove my teacher wrong
you go man!!!
Go destroy them
Just show the video lol
Nah he needs to show it himself infront of the whole class
That's total humiliation
There's "volatilization" for solid->gas. Ref.: Treatise on Solid State Chemistry, 1976 pp 165-240. But this word has two meanings too.
just change a little bit to “volatisation” and “devolatisation”, it should be good enough
One of the videos of all time. I loved when NileRed said "It's Nilation time" and Nilated all over the place.
Science textbooks are garbage. Some of the gems I can recall of the top of my head that I learned in high school:
- There are 26 amino acids (there are 20)
- Solids and liquids are completely incompressible. (they both compress, just a lot less than a gas. if they were incompressible, the speed of sound in them would be infinite)
- Lasers a perfectly monochromatic, the beam never spreads and all the light waves in the beam are perfectly in sync with each other - all false. (perfect monochromicity violates the laws of thermodynamics, laser beams absolutely spread out, there's special optics laws governing that, perfect light wave synchronicity also violates thermodynamics and ignores things like multiple cavity phases.)
There are thousands of post-transcriptionally modified amino acids but only 20 canonical ones that are coded for by DNA.
And solid/liquid compression is not negligible at all. If you are doing any sort of serious engineering, you have to take that compression into account.
One of my science textbooks gave a completely wrong definition for a scientific theory. That's a pretty important thing in science, I don't know how they messed that up.
Ah, the internet idiot in his native environment. So good to see such a pure stream of pure bullshit coming out of the second anus you call a mouth.
The saddest thing here is your weak sauce trolling.
What? I thought this was just a comment about some mistakes in textbooks. Somehow it turned into people bashing each other over I don't even know what.
When I taught this, I said “It doesn't need to melt before a significant amount transitions to a vapor state.” Every year kids looked it up in the CRC and saw there is a melting point. Our textbook did not say anything about liquid iodine. If I were still teaching I might have started playing with it at higher and lower pressures.
I screwed up when I was a teenager. I took some iodine from the chem lab. I heated it up on aluminum. I didn't realize it was going to release so much red smoke. My entire kitchen went from yellow to a pinkish color. My hands were red and I had breathed the gas. I was so scared because I didn't know if this stuff was poisonous.
Why did you do that??
@@khatunamezvrishvili6211 I saw the release of red smoke in chem class and I thought it was amazing. This was before RUclips existed. So I figured I would recreate this at home. Lolololol.... Bad idea. I had to scrub my hands and the walls. My mother was pissed off to see all the walls redden by this stuff.
@@Shedding lmao
@@Shedding Did you die?
@@leechyfruit4464 no man.. still very much alive. Good thing iodine isn't particularly poisonous.
i loved these phase charts in college. it was like learning secrets. changed the way i think about celestial bodies
the moon is liquid phase while it moves through the constellation casseopia
You have both explained and resolved my greatest pet peeve in chemistry. I vote that we establish language to differentiate the 2 modes of sublimation and I think Nilation sounds awesome.
Nilation is the best! Sounds a bit like annihilation though.... so given sufficient time, gold could be annihilated by nilation. The phase diagram explanation was also interesting, but I'd like to see a video on the critical point and super critical thingies.
That's amazing. As someone else said, I love this channel's content. I can't get enough. Keep doing the good work, you're educating millions. I appreciate your work. One of my all time favorites.
I feel like I've learned more about chemistry from a handful of chemistry RUclipsrs that demonstrate and thoroughly explain chemistry than I did from two high school courses filled with listless textbook readings and endless stoichiometry equations. When it comes down to it, I know the math and numbers are important, but the actual understanding of chemistry and the nature of certain chemicals is something I feel like should be learned before getting into all the numbers and calculations. Let our curiosities be piqued and satisfied, then see how we feel about learning the hard stuff afterward once we've gotten a good hands-on experience.
This channel has taught me more about chemistry than all of the chemistry classes I’ve taken combined
Looks at title:
The Iodine Meth
Looks again:
The Iodine Myth
I had to watch just because I know it turns into a liquid..... Hahaha
Is it the same iodine they use to cook? Red and black .. Killers on the loose...
Nah man he made lean
I got detention for correcting my teacher when she told us that iodine doesn’t melt :(
Paulyn Navales sue
Did you tell her about nileation
I dont think anyone should be punished for challenging the understanding/beliefs of their teacher. If their teacher fully understands a topic they should be able to explain/correct that. If anything, allowing you to try to prove your point would be a better way to do things @_@
Asshole teachers in a nutshell. Should take their anger somewhere else before somebody "accidentally" throws concentrated sulfuric acid in her face.
@@luisp.3788 it went from 0 to 100 real quick, chill down there cowboy.
teachers in 2100 be like" ok class nilation was coined by the great youtuber nile and he single-handedly solved one of the greatest problems in chemistry"
Iodine is the true
「Ｐｕｒｐｌｅ Ｈａｚｅ」
JOJO?!!!
*OH NO*
Fugo
@@gachatumor8054 its a song by jimi hendrix but 👍🏻😿
Don't talk of that COWARD
Nile: "Look, a phase diagram"
Chemistry textbooks: 😑 "I pretend I do not see it"
He did take the phase diagram out of a textbook tho
I am chemist and didn’t know about it. Thank you very much for clear explanation and clarification
But the periodic table states the boiling point of iodine!
Best Explanation of Sublimation and evaporation; Wish we had a chemist professor like you.
i like the nilation. i'm using it for my chemistry papers.
I am gonna spread the term "nilation" through out my uni.. Let's hope it catches on real quick and gets into common usage.. lol
Thanks!!
While nilation is a great word, I think I prefer *Superation.*
Because *Sub* -limation occurs *below* the triple point.
Wheras *Super* -ation occurs *above* the triple point.
more like OVERLIMATION
like Subway and Overway
Super suggests "more of" rather than above
My issue with that is that It sounds too similar to saturation, which is a problem because saturation is commonly used in theromdynamics. I don't know of any words in thermodynamics that are similar to nilation.
KeepCalmAndJazzOn How about supramation?
The alchemists called the process of the solid to gaseous phase, "exaltation". I see this on my windshield when ice directly evaporates. So there is temperature and pressure, but also humidity at play.
Interesting video. Thank you for clarifying sublimation.
👍
Not sure, but i think I see that quite often when getting stuff out of the freezer. "vapor" that is falling down.
humidity actually affects pressure of the air, so its still technically just temperature and pressure
This is a 13 minute summary of Gen Chem II in action😊. @2:50 alone...chemical kinetics, rate of thermodynamic equilibria, and properties of liquid and gas phase changes. Beautifully demonstrated!
You are literally soo awesome & easy to understand!! Chemistry is my absolute worst nightmare but I was with you the entire vid!!🤯🤯👏
thank you NileRed, every time i watch one of your videos, my brain gets bigger. this helped me with my chemistry class, and your other videos are helping me with biology. im learning so many new things that i could definitely impress my teacher. and eventually from watching your videos alone, i could become a chemist or a biologist. You explain everything so well and so clearly. I dont know a lot about chemistry but when you explain something, it just makes sense.
Also, keep up the good work
Yes, we need to petition Nilation as a term to the IUPAC
👍
I didn't know IUPAC has also made nomenclature for phase change
I'd call it sublimation and use "vaporization" for the state change below the triple point.
Yeeeeess
We need petitions! Nilation is an awesome term. (Sounds like annihilation, sometimes depicted as the vaporization of a solid form)
Boiling is just evaporation in a hurry.
edit: Sublimation is just nilation in a hurry.
Perfect perfect perfect
All I can hear is Mel Brooks:
We wish to nilate in a hurry.
Nilate in a hurry, that's wonderful, wait! I'm on my last customer.
(Robin Hood: men in tights)
ROOOMBA scentist:hold my beer
lmaooo
Well actually no.
I would define it this way:
Sublimation = Solid to gas phase change
Melting = Solid to liquid phase change
Boiling = Liquid to gas phase change
Evaporation = High-energy minority of molecules escaping into gaseous state above phase change pressure/below phase change temperature, broken down into Solid Evaporation (colloquially known as sublimation) and Liquid Evaporation (colloquially known as evaporation).
that's pretty much what it currently is. the problem is the "colloquial" use of the terms
And Nilation?
In school I hated chemistry, but now I am obsessed with these videos.
his channel is to make chemistry fun
so it makes sense
I was always interested in it but the teacher at my school sucked and I could not learn from him, to the point I completely changed classes... wish I had a good teacher so I could've really learned...
It just depends on who is teaching you under what terms.
Most high school chemistry classes are very dry and boring. Nothing exciting beyond burning magnesium strips in oxygen and explaining why that happens.
My chemistry teacher threw sodium into a fish tank. Pretty cool stuff. Even a small piece was enough to violently explode towards the top but luckily he had the foresight to cover it
im going to hate myslef because of this but the thumbnail is LEAN
Cant wait to stand up in class and be that kid for once, " Mr. teacher man, thats not right, I watched a youtube video, saying that the textbooks were wrong"
it's nice when you do it once but once you become addicted to it and can't stop anymore it becomes very annoying to have teachers be annoyed at you and have the reputation of being *that* kid
@Communist Antarctica so how's that depression and impostor syndrome going for you ? (also our usernames kind of mirror one another which makes this even funnier)
Time to write a letter to IUPAC!
(BTW, according to them, the official definition of sublimation is "The direct transition of a solid to a vapour without passing through a liquid phase. Example: The transition of solid CO2 to CO2 vapour."
Sounds like they carefully chose their example to avoid the issue!)
IUPAC certainly does not spread this bullshit, I can assure you of that.
I'm not saying they do, I'm saying since they're the official organism in charge of chemical nomenclature, if you think a nomenclature problem should be addressed (namely the definition of "sublimation"), they're the ones to write to.
piranha031091; IUPAC is an "organism"!?
Now that I think about it, it does explain a LOT...
Yeah, sorry. My native french taking over... ("organisme" means both "organism" or "agency / organization")
Then even the IUPAC definition fails to distinguish between nilation and sublimation.
I'm already calling it nilation.
can you imagine the mess when people write by mistake it in college papers? just try to explain it to any professor ...
the solution is convert the professor with a flawless paper proposing the use of nilation
It's only real if it's on Wikipedia. Who wants to do battle with the Wikipedia deletionists?
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilation_(phase_transition)
adding a joke page wont help anything, please tell more ppl about it so that we can get recognition and let actual wikipedia editors who will follow the rules know so we can get it on there without a bad reputation. that will just create negative spam in discussion page history
AC0KG i like how you call them deletionists like it's not just a job; it's a dream.
i am completely okay with the term nilation being a term that is coined and eventually used
I was taught in school how melting and sublimating works. I remember them saying it has to do with pressure. I haven't finished the video so I'll see if I'm right.
6:00 I knew it. I remembered that same diagram.
I think the word nilation is sublime. (Get it?!)
No
@@deadalpeca8099 Lol
Lmao
Looks like subliminal programming to me.
gorillaau lmao
I’ve learned more from this channel than I ever have from school
It has been my observation over 60 years, that we always learn orders of magnitude more in life than we ever do in class. A large part of this is due to the fact that fools write school curriculum, having no intent to educate us to be successful in life. They are always behind the times too. Akin to being instructed by educated people that never were or never could be successful in the real world. This creates diminishing returns like a copy of a copy of a copy does.
Liquid is such an interesting sate of matter, in that it typically exits as a bubble in phase diagrams. Liquids are sort of an anomaly because they require very specific conditions, but it seems very presumptive to state that something can't have a liquid state simply because it sublimates. You can get just about anything to sublimate under the correct pressure and temperature conditions. How do people publish junk like that?
Neil: “I’m going to do one last thing”
*3 minutes into a 13 minute video*
Person: What is it called when solids evaporate
Me: Nilation
Person: Annihilation does not mean solids evaporating
Annihilation is when matter and antimatter meet.
nobody like it now, i made it perfect.
@@gabemerritt3139 no it means when someone with a Russian name is in your team but a Russian person in the other team meets him
maybe aetherisation since aether means air/gas
Quân Trần Hồng Ether is already jargon for a poisonous gas used to kill and preserve insect specimens.
The world: liquid and gaseous iodine
Borderlands fans: *SLAG*
underated comment
Yos
*_Corrosion_*
Buffel oboeshoes who?
@@user-ez8do2zg1c two
A good counterpart to this would be a video of water ice sublimating in a vacuum chamber.
I always loved chemistry in school and it's a great channel to refresh my knowledge and learn new things. Good job
Talk to IUPAC or submit a paper. I really wish that to happen. You’re great 👍.
This channel has made chemistry so interesting for me
I remember learning about the phase diagram 2 years back during the physics, and back then, I thought that it is cool, but useless. And I also didnt know, why something evaporates, but something sublimates. And now, you've had opened my mind , so thanks to your help, I kinda understood it on my own. Also, when I think about that, the sublimation occurs under the triple point, so maybe thats why its called SUBlimation lol
Superlimation, then?
Suplimation😮