Ernest Rutherford is my favorite scientist. From a sheep ranch in New Zealand, he was educated in New Zealand, then Cambridge, before moving to Canada. His list of accomplishments is massive, but to me, his biggest achievement was in educating the next generation of scientists. 10 of his Ph.D. grad students got Nobel Prizes, no body else has ever had more than 2.
Interesting fellow, that's for sure. If he was around today, they'd consider him to be on the spectrum; possibly Asperger's. He is someone we all know of here in Aotearoa-New Zealand, but not enough is taught about anything more than "he split the atom". Another exceptional person from Aotearoa-NZ is Roy Kerr. An extraordinarily gifted mathematician, having written the equations that explain the constant rotation of what are now known as Kerr Black Holes when he was still in his twenties. He's now 90 years old.
Interesting that Rutherford could do a lot of the same things, if you think about it, with a just a speck of radioactive material, that in more recent times one might think to use something like a cyclotron of a bevatron. Boggle. Liked the 'gold foil experiment.' Using bits and pieces from a sewing kit and an electronics scrap box, you should be able to construct a low power (perhaps a few hundred million electron volts scaled) accelerator producing energetic positively charged ions to fool with that might pass through an aluminum foil for a centimeter or two? By implication. If you have a Geiger Counter of some sort, to keep track of the interactions, you might be able to do some interesting experiments. I did not know about Rutherford's second Nobel, good for him! A giant of relatively recent times. Reminds me of Curie. Many thanks for the clip, profound.
I've always objected to the description "split the atom" to describe his "gold foil experiment" revelations of atomic structure. Splitting the atom is better described as a process of fission. Instead, he penetrated the structure of the atom revealing its orbital structure.
At min 1:16, what is the component M? Is a source of high energy used in the experiment or is just natural emissions from the material on the slider component? I think the video needs some extra info.
never get in the way of an accelerated photon, unless you're made of gold. hotons are fickle and indecisive but attractive to magnets and other photons
Rutherford split the atom in Manchester University, I think in collaboration with Neil Bohr. I read somewhere that traces of radioactivity can still be detected in his old laboratory.
Dutch chemist Antonius van den Broek proposed the neutron as early as 1911. Although more clearly in a 1913 paper. Both papers were published in Nature.
Apparently Rutherford did these experiments prior to his work on hydrophones, so in 1917. He just put this work aside for the time being and published in 1919.
If chopping off a particle from an atom counts as splitting, Thomson was first to prove that atoms weren't a-tomos, with his discovery of the electron. If not, then the Irishman Walton was first. A more correct title for the video would be: "Rutherford discovered the proton in wartime".
“Well, I was there in the laboratory, as I was often in those days. And I thought to myself, Ernie, now you have an atom. What would occur if, for argument’s sake, you took a hammer and a chisel - both of which were handily to hand, as it were - and what if, what if, you had a go and tried to split the jolly old thing? Now, I, ah, freely admit, it was rather late in the evening and I had had one or two, perhaps three, small sherries. And perhaps a brandy. Well, lo and behold, I wrestle the atom thingie into a vice, no easy feat in those days, and tap, tap, nothing at first, then there's a sort of creaking sound, then boom! And Bob's your uncle. I'd done it!”
"...carries the same amount of energy as that of a hydrogen atom". How did they, at the turn of the 19th century, measure the energy of a hydrogen atom?
You can calculate an electrical charge, a value for the Atomic mass comes from principle atom physics, and you can measure the deflection in a given magnetic field, because they move sub-relativistic. All values are in Newtonian dimensions, I.e. you don’t even need Quantum Mechanics. The rest is simple arithmetics. What’s complicated? This was common knowledge among Physicists of the late 19th / early 20th century. Nowadays it’s even taught to high school students.
@@merickful sure no flaw. It doesnt even say in his Wikipedia article that he split the Atom. I dont know where you've gotten your information but they are wrong.
She's a student. That is at Manchester University in 1911. She is also in the 1912 photo, along with another woman. And again, alone, in 1913. Who she might be is a great question...
Found her.... the original of the 1910 picture has the names of each. There it says "Miss M. White". Apparently she is Margaret White Fishenden (1889-1977) BSc; MSc; DSc; FInstP She has a wikipedia page too. She had a long career specialized in heat transport.
Tennessee Legend # 341 ficticious fact :😏Rutherford was drinking with our Great Grandfather Morgan and when gramps cut the cheese Rutherford witnessed the first atom split.. I digress 😑
"Spitting of the atom" does not refer to the process described, although it is indeed induced partial splitting and a major achievement. Furthermore, Rutherford went on to develop atom smashers but the spitting the atom and releasing more energy that was put in , remained elusive, leading him to claim that nuclear energy would not be possible for another generation. Fermi was the first to split the atom. Otto Hahn, trained by Rutherford in nuclear chemistry repeated the experiment and found boron. Lise Meitner was then able to deduce that U235 was split but Hahn took the credit as Meitner had escaped nazi Germany. The problem with recognizing Rutherford as being the first to split the atom is that his experiment did not lead to energy production, reactors that produce plutonium (the major fissionable material) or bombs that we associate with nuclear fission, whereas Fermi's did. This point is historically important as Fermi defected from Fascist Italy to the USA, had he not done so the world might have been different.
what's the big deal about splitting the atom? anyone can do it, just get your atom, put it on a solid surface, get out your chisel, carefully put it on the atom, then wack it with a Mallet as hard as you can, and the atom will split in two, easy peasy! Just be careful cos the pieces sometimes fly everywhere and it can be a devil to find all of them🤣🤣
It means that it can be argued that something is true, even if it is not certainly true. Arguably, you don't know what the word arguably means. A quick search of the definition is all it takes.
It is amazing how those great people of physics had broken the atom into neutron, proton, electron and positron! All that was a very slow process, but they were exactly right with these particles. Then some idiots appeared and had led the particle physics completely astray. Idiots still believe positron as antimatter which make half of all the meterial universe. I don't even like to pronounce the stupid word "quarks." Thank you very much for this vedeo.
@@jacobvandijk6525 To explain how a neutron can change into a proton with the emission of a beta particle and an anti-neutrino, or a how a proton changes into a neutron with the emission of a positron and a neutrino. These types of decay can be seen in a cloud chamber, hence the need for quarks to explain how these transitions occur.
@@karhukivi oh, interesting, some thing more you have to explain. How do quarks holding an electron? Why it is relieving the electron after a while when the neutron is free? What is the roll of quarks in the beta decay process? Had Murray gellman and George sweig told about any thing beta decay when he proposed the idea of quarks?
@@surendranmk5306 I'm afraid I can't answer those questions! The way science works is that to account for experimental evidence, a theory has to be postulated and if somebody comes up with evidence that disproves it, then the theory has to be altered. The theory of quarks accounts for most of the experimental observations, but who knows, there might be some other explanation waiting to be discovered.
A proton is a collection of 1836 expanding electrons and add a bouncing expanding electron makes a hydrogen atom. “G” calculated from first principles- the hydrogen atom- in 2002. “The Final Theory: Rethinking Our Scientific Legacy “, Mark McCutcheon for proper physics including the CAUSE of gravity, electricity, magnetism, light and well.... everything.
Ernest Rutherford is my favorite scientist. From a sheep ranch in New Zealand, he was educated in New Zealand, then Cambridge, before moving to Canada. His list of accomplishments is massive, but to me, his biggest achievement was in educating the next generation of scientists. 10 of his Ph.D. grad students got Nobel Prizes, no body else has ever had more than 2.
Rutherford doing the exacting and thorough work that only the best scientists do.
Interesting fellow, that's for sure. If he was around today, they'd consider him to be on the spectrum; possibly Asperger's. He is someone we all know of here in Aotearoa-New Zealand, but not enough is taught about anything more than "he split the atom".
Another exceptional person from Aotearoa-NZ is Roy Kerr. An extraordinarily gifted mathematician, having written the equations that explain the constant rotation of what are now known as Kerr Black Holes when he was still in his twenties. He's now 90 years old.
Excellent video, well made and superbly researched
Another great video. Thank you, and keep up the good work.
Thank you for this lovely account of history that deserves to be remembered: A time of giants
Another great video! Keep it up!
Thank you for that fascinating history lesson 🙏. That really was an excellent video 👏🤩
More inspiration for this PhD student. Great video 😁
Thank you, good luck on your PhD!!
I love reading about these kinds of experiments. Something so simple yet elegant……data analysis, ruling out possibilities…….science!!!
Ernest was an earnest scientist.
Interesting that Rutherford could do a lot of the same things, if you think about it, with a just a speck of radioactive material, that in more recent times one might think to use something like a cyclotron of a bevatron. Boggle. Liked the 'gold foil experiment.' Using bits and pieces from a sewing kit and an electronics scrap box, you should be able to construct a low power (perhaps a few hundred million electron volts scaled) accelerator producing energetic positively charged ions to fool with that might pass through an aluminum foil for a centimeter or two? By implication. If you have a Geiger Counter of some sort, to keep track of the interactions, you might be able to do some interesting experiments. I did not know about Rutherford's second Nobel, good for him! A giant of relatively recent times. Reminds me of Curie. Many thanks for the clip, profound.
Great video. Could you please do one on Oliver Heavyside.? 😊
Only if he had a lighter side.
I enjoyed that very much; thanks for posting. God bless.
This is fantastic. Thanks.
And right after he did, his mother said, "Now go to your room, Rutherford, and think about what you did!"
I had scientific 1918 magazine which did include article of Rutherford experiment.
3:43 I recognise Medievil soundtrack when I hear it!
Was my favourite PS1 game
Well done!!
I've always objected to the description "split the atom" to describe his "gold foil experiment" revelations of atomic structure.
Splitting the atom is better described as a process of fission.
Instead, he penetrated the structure of the atom revealing its orbital structure.
At min 1:16, what is the component M? Is a source of high energy used in the experiment or is just natural emissions from the material on the slider component? I think the video needs some extra info.
M is the microscope
All the easy discoveries like this have always been discovered
He was a Kiwi.
No. He was a mammal. A kiwi is a kind of fruit. Although his head shape does remind one of a kiwi. An easy mistake.
@funwithpliers Actually, a Kiwi is a type of flightless bird. Slang name for a New Zealander. And another name for the Chinese gooseberry.
never get in the way of an accelerated photon, unless you're made of gold. hotons are fickle and indecisive but attractive to magnets and other photons
you do understand what you said that he documented a reaction , ground breaking enough ,he did not split the atom
DUDE HE SAID PRIVATE
Dang, you got me...
Rutherford split the atom in Manchester University, I think in collaboration with Neil Bohr. I read somewhere that traces of radioactivity can still be detected in his old laboratory.
Dutch chemist Antonius van den Broek proposed the neutron as early as 1911. Although more clearly in a 1913 paper. Both papers were published in Nature.
Many of his contemporaries thought Rutherford's influence on modern science was greater than Einstein's.
Apparently Rutherford did these experiments prior to his work on hydrophones, so in 1917. He just put this work aside for the time being and published in 1919.
What about Cockcroft and Walton?
Nitrogen?!? I was expecting uranium or some other heavy element...
Yeah, I am more used to call this the discovery of the proton. Apparently in the Anglo-Saxon world "splitting the atom" is a sort of a meme.
4:03 "disIntegrate" really means dis + integrate.
E.T.S Walton split the atom for the first time.
Really, when and where was that?
@@howarddavies8937 from wikipedia: he split off He-nuclei, not just protons, in the early thirties. Indeed, that's what I call splitting.
His biggest accomplishment is being on the New Zealand one hundred dollar note...
Amazing minds. 💪
If only people ad Einstein, Rutherford, Bohr and Schrödinger could come back and get a tour of CERN
Cern is a money eating machine. Nothing is going to be found because particle theory is a HOAX.
They would probably not be amazed. They might think that little progress has been made since they did their work.
If chopping off a particle from an atom counts as splitting, Thomson was first to prove that atoms weren't a-tomos, with his discovery of the electron. If not, then the Irishman Walton was first. A more correct title for the video would be: "Rutherford discovered the proton in wartime".
So its more accurate to say that he observed the splitting of the atom than he caused it.
I had never known tge method before, thanks.
“Well, I was there in the laboratory, as I was often in those days. And I thought to myself, Ernie, now you have an atom. What would occur if, for argument’s sake, you took a hammer and a chisel - both of which were handily to hand, as it were - and what if, what if, you had a go and tried to split the jolly old thing? Now, I, ah, freely admit, it was rather late in the evening and I had had one or two, perhaps three, small sherries. And perhaps a brandy. Well, lo and behold, I wrestle the atom thingie into a vice, no easy feat in those days, and tap, tap, nothing at first, then there's a sort of creaking sound, then boom! And Bob's your uncle. I'd done it!”
I have diarrhea. I just thought you’d want to know that.
"...carries the same amount of energy as that of a hydrogen atom". How did they, at the turn of the 19th century, measure the energy of a hydrogen atom?
You can calculate an electrical charge, a value for the Atomic mass comes from principle atom physics, and you can measure the deflection in a given magnetic field, because they move sub-relativistic.
All values are in Newtonian dimensions, I.e. you don’t even need Quantum Mechanics. The rest is simple arithmetics. What’s complicated? This was common knowledge among Physicists of the late 19th / early 20th century. Nowadays it’s even taught to high school students.
And i thought that Professor Proton has discovered it ...
.Is that an attempt on making a joke?
He did not split the Atom. Google for Otto Hahn and Lise Meitner.
I googled if he split the atom. All results say he did. It seems we need to split hairs here instead, as your general statement seems to have a flaw.
@@merickful sure no flaw. It doesnt even say in his Wikipedia article that he split the Atom. I dont know where you've gotten your information but they are wrong.
He split the atom not realizing what he did, like meitner and Otto hahn realized what he did
I like it when farm boys go big.
You can learn a lot from sheep.
Rutherford only bombarded the atom and give the concept of nucleus Atom was split by Otto . Hauun brothers .
Incredibly smart men.
Sad that most school only teach that he came up with a later incorrect model of the atom, and nothing more.
Agree, it's crazy just how much Rutherford did. A giant in experimental physics
Wait so Rutherford predicted the neutron?
He wasn't first, that was Antonius van den Broek, a Dutch chemist in 1911, and more outspoken in 1913.
I thought young Einstein did it in the wood shed.
I still don't get it. Oh look, a Liam Neeson film clip!
@ 5:33 This photo gives a "nice" picture of the role women could play in science. Do we see Marie Curie here?
I don't think that is Marie Curie.
Curie appears at 5:45 behind and to the right of JJ Thompson.
She's a student. That is at Manchester University in 1911. She is also in the 1912 photo, along with another woman. And again, alone, in 1913. Who she might be is a great question...
Found her.... the original of the 1910 picture has the names of each. There it says "Miss M. White".
Apparently she is Margaret White Fishenden (1889-1977) BSc; MSc; DSc; FInstP
She has a wikipedia page too. She had a long career specialized in heat transport.
@@TheAlchaemist Thank you. I'm going to read her Wikipedia-page to find out what made her such a special woman.
Note: No rubbish about science advancing by by 'consensus'.
He used a katana.
math is solid it is just amassing how computers make mistake META AI has it Ol wrong to anybody have the same problem?
McGill!!!
Big deal. I split the Sulphur atom this morning.
Whichever the way he did it, he made me fail in physics!!!😂😊😂😊😂
You did that all by yourself.
Tennessee Legend # 341 ficticious fact :😏Rutherford was drinking with our Great Grandfather Morgan and when gramps cut the cheese Rutherford witnessed the first atom split..
I digress 😑
"Spitting of the atom" does not refer to the process described, although it is indeed induced partial splitting and a major achievement.
Furthermore, Rutherford went on to develop atom smashers but the spitting the atom and releasing more energy that was put in , remained elusive, leading him to claim that nuclear energy would not be possible for another generation.
Fermi was the first to split the atom. Otto Hahn, trained by Rutherford in nuclear chemistry repeated the experiment and found boron. Lise Meitner was then able to deduce that U235 was split but Hahn took the credit as Meitner had escaped nazi Germany.
The problem with recognizing Rutherford as being the first to split the atom is that his experiment did not lead to energy production, reactors that produce plutonium (the major fissionable material) or bombs that we associate with nuclear fission, whereas Fermi's did. This point is historically important as Fermi defected from Fascist Italy to the USA, had he not done so the world might have been different.
Splitting an atom is a very slow process, useless for war-wespons..perfect for nuclear power🍏
I can think of at least 2 weapons that would disagree with you.
Xanadu
what's the big deal about splitting the atom? anyone can do it, just get your atom, put it on a solid surface, get out your chisel, carefully put it on the atom, then wack it with a Mallet as hard as you can, and the atom will split in two, easy peasy! Just be careful cos the pieces sometimes fly everywhere and it can be a devil to find all of them🤣🤣
Rutherford was an idiot. TONY STARK split the ATOM in a CAVE!
Incorrect. He wasn't the first to split the atom. He was the first to observe it.
citation or gtfo 😜
Incorrect.
Please stop using the word "arguably" - it means no one agrees
It means that it can be argued that something is true, even if it is not certainly true. Arguably, you don't know what the word arguably means. A quick search of the definition is all it takes.
you a math guy it is a lonely job nobody can other stand this this is way he gets frustrated
It is amazing how those great people of physics had broken the atom into neutron, proton, electron and positron! All that was a very slow process, but they were exactly right with these particles. Then some idiots appeared and had led the particle physics completely astray. Idiots still believe positron as antimatter which make half of all the meterial universe. I don't even like to pronounce the stupid word "quarks." Thank you very much for this vedeo.
You should read up on radioactive transformations like beta emission and you will see why quarks are needed.
@@karhukivi Do you mean, needed in a mathematical sense?
@@jacobvandijk6525 To explain how a neutron can change into a proton with the emission of a beta particle and an anti-neutrino, or a how a proton changes into a neutron with the emission of a positron and a neutrino. These types of decay can be seen in a cloud chamber, hence the need for quarks to explain how these transitions occur.
@@karhukivi oh, interesting, some thing more you have to explain. How do quarks holding an electron? Why it is relieving the electron after a while when the neutron is free? What is the roll of quarks in the beta decay process? Had Murray gellman and George sweig told about any thing beta decay when he proposed the idea of quarks?
@@surendranmk5306 I'm afraid I can't answer those questions! The way science works is that to account for experimental evidence, a theory has to be postulated and if somebody comes up with evidence that disproves it, then the theory has to be altered. The theory of quarks accounts for most of the experimental observations, but who knows, there might be some other explanation waiting to be discovered.
Master fard muhammad thats all ill say
A proton is a collection of 1836 expanding electrons and add a bouncing expanding electron makes a hydrogen atom. “G” calculated from first principles- the hydrogen atom- in 2002. “The Final Theory: Rethinking Our Scientific Legacy “, Mark McCutcheon for proper physics including the CAUSE of gravity, electricity, magnetism, light and well.... everything.
LOL, no.
@@borisjohnson1944 And the cause of gravity is? Laugh.
@@davidrandell2224 LOL. So some numpty on the internet has the answer? Got you sucked in.