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@@AdituLaudisMMXXI The Mongols seized most of the world, then destroyed the Islamic state in Iraq, then destroyed the Levant, and when they wanted to go to Egypt The Sultan of Egypt went out to them in the armies of the Egyptians, and the Egyptians defeated them and killed a lot of them. - Historian Suleiman Al-Hawat From the book Al-Sirr Al-Zahir, p. 494
@@AdituLaudisMMXXI Before the battle, the eyes of the Egyptian soldiers were filled with tears as they listened to the caliph's sermon, as they would fight for the name of Egypt and for the sake of crushing the Mongols. Historian James Watterson, speaking about the Great Battle of Shaqhab, is one of the strong Egyptian nationalist feelings in the Great Battle of Shaqhab in the year 1303 AD. Source : The book of the Knights of Islam and the wars of the Mamluks, page 303
@@ahmadfathy7994 The term 'Mamluk Sultanate' is a modern historiographical term.[9] Arabic sources for the period of the Bahri, Mamluks refer to the dynasty as the State of the Turks (Arabic: دولة الاتراك, Dawlat al-Atrāk; دولة الترك, Dawlat al-Turk) or State of Turkey (الدولة التركية, al-Dawla al-Turkiyya).[16][17][9]
@Last of the Dragon's he has reason, egypt biught lots of turks slaves because they knew egyptian losers couldn’t defeat mogols, steppe warriors had to be defeated by other steppe warriors.
@Last of the Dragon's I probably know more history than u, after the sea people, egypts became losers ruled by foreigners, pharaos tamed them too well.
@Last of the Dragon's ive never been drunk in like 20 years. The lybians, the nubians, the assiryans, the persians, the romans, tge arabs, the kurds, the turks... Egypt is a chair were foreigners are suceeding each others
@Last of the Dragon's And I said muslims alone weren’t enough, muslims knew that mobilising just the muslims in egypt they would lose, they had to import and convert steppe unbelievers.
@@jackjack-sh7uy You are a xenophob liar. Its quite possible this battle wouldn’t have changed anything, later the mongols defeated the egyptians and they didn’t invaded Egypt.
Fun fact : The two mastermind generals behind the victory of Ain Jalut, Qutuz & Baibars, shared a common Turkic background, originating from lands that had been previously ravaged by Mongols which were Cumania and Khwarezmia respectively.
To everyone who believes that the Mamluks were Turks at that time, their number was less than 1,500 people, and most of the army was Egyptian, and even many princes were Egyptians. Egyptian Christians also participated, and most of the government was Egyptian. It's like the Austrians fought for Germany in World War II because Hitler was Austria, or that Napoleon was not French because he was from Italy, or that the Russian Tsar was not Russian because he was from Germany
Ain Jaluth was also a scene of first mass use of early muskets, thus pioneering the firearm age. Mameluke musket, or rather an arquebuse, was called “midfa” or like that.
Sultan Jalal Uddin fought ferociously against Chengis Khan at Kandahar war Parwan war in Afghanistan. At the bay of the Sindhu River and at the girikhat of the Hindu Kush mountain in India. He killed a son and a General of Chengis Khan and chopetaghat to Chengis Khan. Commander Jalal Uddin was a real historical Hero. Lal Salam!
He made a stupid mistake, thouh, He under estimated imminent Mongol threat and refused allience with Seljuks, even attacked them and the Georgians in addition to challenging Gengiz by killing his embassadors. He could do a lot better if he wasn't blinded by his over pride (kibr in Islam), and cooperate with Seljuks. Mongols' superiority did not really come from their war skills, but from devide and conqueer tactics that they applied for even insignificiant enemies to reduce their casualties successfully and with no over pride. They cooperated with Bizantium Empire, Cresuders, and all the oppenets of Ottomans (other Turkic beys of Anatolia) to just defeat Osman bey (founder of Ottoman empire), even at the very early stage of Ottomans' formation, recognising the real threat for them in long run (see story of Ilhanids of Crimia and Russia under command of Oljaytu Han in "Kurulus Osman", who were decendents of Mongols after its disintegration into few khanets).
@@adamnesico they did return many occasions and still lost to mamluks and we're still defeated by mamluks..as for fighting eachother that was the case too with the mamluks
@@baronghede2365 the battles of parwan, samara bend and the prelude to khalka were too great victories. You despise them because arabs didn’t won them.
@@CpTnot mogols won the third battle of homs. They didn’t invaded Egypt due to lack of pastures for their horses and because the ilkhanate was being atacked by other khananate, same reason why Hulagu didn’t returned after Ain-Jalut.
I have wondered why so strong Mongols are defeated by Muslim forces, this video clip gives me very interesting answers. Two mastermind generals - Qutuz & Baibars - never allow Mongol forces to do what they do their best, and keep pressing Mongols to do what they don’t want to do. Therefore, It causes the Mongol army to become not a monster but an ordinary one.
the biggest defeat for the Mongols is the Battle of Buir Lake, when their own capital in Mongolia get raided by a Chinese Ming Dynasty general Lan Yu, who is probably a Chinese Hui Muslim: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Buir_Lake
@@Emilechen The battle of Buir Lake cannot be compared with the battle of Ain Jalut. 1. The battle of Ain Jalut happened in 13th century when Mongols and their army were at their peak. The battle of Buir Lake happened in late 14th century when Mongols were in their down trend and much weaker. 2. The battle of Buir Lake is not a face to face battle. As you said it's just a RAID and the Mongols were not prepared, kind of like Japanese attack on Pearl harbor in 1941. By the way, the Buir Lake was not Mongols capital. 3. The battle of Buir Lake is much less historically important than the battle of Ain Jalut. As a matter of fact, the Chinese army was disastrously defeated by Mongols just 60 years after the battle of Buir Lake (see Tumu Crisis at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumu_Crisis ), and the Chinese emperor of Ming Dynasty was shamefully captured by Mongols in the incident. The Mongols experienced many big defeats in history, like the defeat in their invading to Japan. Compared with those historically important defeats, the battle of Buir Lake is nothing.
@@mengyuanxian3279 The Mongols were fighting with only a tenth of their army their leader the HULAGU KHAN had gone back to Mongolia to attend to his brother and the GREAT KHAN's funeral and for the selection of the next KHAN
Great video. Thanks. I have been studying world history a long time. I am 73 years old. The3 Mongols did not loose often but there you have it in this video. All things come to an end. Though the Mongol empire lasted a long time after this battle.
I have lived all over the world, including Muslim lands, like Turkey, Pakistan, and Mindinao. RP. I never felt threatened or subject to harm. My Muslim brothers were great hosts!
This was not the only defeat of the Mongolian army during the Western Expedition, but even several failed battles before that could not stop the Mongolian army from conquest, but many Western historians like to ignore the fact that the Mongolian army was not Because of the failure of this battle, the road to the west was terminated, not to mention that this battle that obviously did not conform to the Mongols' combat style was deliberately adapted. In fact, the ruler of the Mongolian Empire at that time fought in the war to conquer China in August 1259. died, and when the news was passed to the Western Expeditionary Army nearly a year later, Hulagu had to stop the Western Expedition and rush back to China to participate in the battle for the position of the Great Khan. The Western Expedition was suddenly stopped, not because of the defeat of a certain battle. I hope that those Western historians will stop remaking history and treat the progress of civilization with the justice that a scholar should have.
It was their very first MAJOR defeat which was so complete that it affected them for the next century psychologically. They never were the same after Ein Jalout. They had lost against the Bulgars in Europe some fourty years earlier but Ein Jalout was more decisive and left a permanent mark in the Mongolian psyche.
This is one of the greatest battles in the islamic history and still a source of pride until now for Arabs and Muslims. Our ancestors were able to defeat the worst unstoppable barbaric army in the history.
@@stewartbeche686 tbh Christianity would’ve faired better under Islamic rule than it has now in Europe. Majority of countries are secular and the church is now dying 🤷🏿♂️
The reason why the Mongols, who showed themselves only once in history, progressed so much was that the Turks lost power by fighting each other, which is one of the worst characteristics of the Turks. In fact, the pure Mongols were able to last for 100 years. Other states became Turkic over time and therefore became Muslim.
The great historian Ibn Khaldun also argues in his “Introduction to History” (or The Muqaddimah) that nomadic peoples, the Turks foremost among them, were the most energetic and martial of peoples and that imperial dynasties and regimes emerged from such groups until they became corrupted and softened by civilization and luxury, which resulted in a loss of martial energy and group solidarity. This analysis is very true because as the Abbasid caliphate started to lose its power and influence in the mid-ninth century most of the dynasties that emerged to control the various regions of the Muslim world were founded by Turks, either tribal nomads or former slave soldiers. Ibn Khaldun even attributes the victory of the Muslims over the Mongols to the martial power and energy of the Turks, who formed the elite ranks of the Mamluk armies that defeated the Mongols on several occasions as they attempted to advance into Syria and Egypt between 1260 and 1323.
@Lll14423Actually it’s the opposite , the lack of wars made the nobles lax and when they were faced by outside threats they began hiring turkic guards .
Mongols were defeated by hot climate actually. Vietnamese defeated mongols with hot climate as ally. This is the same reason for French and German failure in Russia with icy climate as ally. Mongol just does not function well in hot place.
Mongols are superhuman in that they can withstand extreme heat and cold. That's how they devastated China and Iraq, two countries with very different climates-hot and cold, respectively. European gene for tiny eyes would have been a thing today if the front had not expanded out to include the Middle East and other regions of Asia. They were defeated because of the bravery and resiliency of Mamluks muslims. Also Islam is a religion of warriors, that is also the reason why mongol descendants choose to follow it.
@@haziq0007 and Mamluks also knew their strategies because most of the things that used by mongols is invented by Turks even Genghis's alphabet was Uyghur
What really stopped the Mongols in the Middle East was not Ain Jalut, but the Mongol Civil Wars and factionalism. The Golden Horde Mongol leaders had converted to Islam and hated the Ilkhanate Mongols for destroying Baghdad. IIRC, The Golden Horde indirectly helped the Mamluks with supplies or transfering troops at Ain Jalut, and then prevented the Ilkhanate from avenging their defeat (the Ilkhanate originally wanted to come back with a bigger army) by declaring open war with the Ilkhanate. Thus, the Ilkhanate was prevented from making any further incusions into the Middle East and North Africa for several decades due to the Mongol civil war.
Very interesting part of history. However, I was confused watching the horsemen riding and the infantry walking and the clashes of battle. In fact, there was too much of that. The best part was the descriptions of strategy each side used. I can imagine the horrific death toll and the agony of the wounded. War is hell.
Both armies had mainly good mounted archers and good light and heavy cavalry. The Mamluk Sultanate was ruled by Turkic Kipchaks and Caucasian Circassians. The army was made mainly of these two groups. The Mamluk Sultanate is the successor of the Ayyubid Sultanate, which is also of Turkic origin. In those years, Turkic Kipchak youth and Caucasian Circassian youth were enslaved in Central Asia and Eurasia during Mongol attacks and sold as slave soldiers to some countries in the Middle East. The Turkic Ayyubid Dynasty, Turkic Kipchaks and Caucasian Circassians used these young people in their armies after they had been trained in a good military school. The Ayyubid army consisted mainly of these two groups. In the beginning, Turkic groups were much more. However, these soldiers had taken over the sultanate after a coup d'etat and established the Mamluk Sultanate. The word Mamluk means 'Slave' in Arabic. The language of agreement in the Mamluk Sultanate was Western Turkish, a mixture of Kipchak and Oghuz. In the past, only Arabic and Persian education was given in Madrasahs and Turkish was not a language taught in Madrasahs. For this reason, if someone in the Middle East speaks Turkish and writes in Turkish, that person is Turkish. "Kitâbu Bulgatü'l-Müştâk Fî Lügati't-Türk Ve'l-Kıfçak" , "Kitâbü'l-Ef'al" and "Kitâb-ı Mecmû-ı Tercümân-ı Türkî and Acemî ve Mugalî” are some examples written in Mamluk Kipchak language...
Turkish could be written in Arabic and Persian alphabets, just as Turkish can now be written in a Latin-based alphabet. Language and alphabet are completely different matters.
@@orkunyucel3095Черкесы это тюркоязычный народ. Они говорят на кыпчакском диалекте тюрского языка. Жили на Кавказе в основном, некоторая часть сейчас живут на западе Казахстана.
All Mongolian soldiers are mounted and have high mobility, and they overwhelm enemy infantry soldiers wearing heavy armor with powerful Mongolian bows (composite bows). But the Mamluk soldiers were former horsemen who were sold into Egypt as slaves. In other words, they were fighting the same cavalry race.
@ikman3410 Believe me brother, all nomads use this tactic, and the funny thing in all wars, nomad versus nomad, is the genius who uses this tactic, and the genius who falls into the trick.
Before the battle, the eyes of the Egyptian soldiers were filled with tears as they listened to the caliph's sermon, as they would fight for the name of Egypt and for the sake of crushing the Mongols. Historian James Watterson, speaking about the Great Battle of Shaqhab, is one of the strong Egyptian nationalist feelings in the Great Battle of Shaqhab in the year 1303 AD. Source : The book of the Knights of Islam and the wars of the Mamluks, page 303
In the social hierarchy there were clear distinctions of status and power between “ Turks ” ( atrak ) , the term usually applied by native Egyptian writers to both Ottomans and Mamluks , and the Arabic - speaking indigenous population whom those in power often lumped together as " peasants " ( fallahin ) regardless of occu- pation or residence . Egypt: A Short History James P. Jankowski · 2000 · p.60
@@DeliYuzbashi The title was the Egyptian sultanate or the Egyptian home, a owned title. It is a modern title for their state. Yes, most of the elite were slaves who came from the Caucasus, but there were many Egyptians in the state elite, and most of the army was from the Egyptians and the government as well, so that the Mamluks used to speak the Egyptian dialect
@@DeliYuzbashi Most of them were knights and elite fighters, and even there were many Egyptian princes, and most of the army was my grandfather. He was an Egyptian prince in the Mamluk army.
@@DeliYuzbashi Baybars assumed command of the Egyptian army in the battle of Ain Jalut, defending his country, Egypt, which he chose as his homeland. After the victory over the Mongols, Baybars became the Sultan of Egypt, and he was very popular with the people, until people called him the Lion of Egypt, historian Ranouf Finn, from the book: The Story of the Special Forces, Chapter Ten, The Mamluks
The game graphics are fine. I am sure they will buff out, with time. The real issue for me was the narrative of battle. The troop movements on the map need to be clearer, more punchy. The voice actor was excellent, but the script was muddled, wandering from topic to topic. All in all, a good show, I will watch some more...
They did try to fight in their style, but it was ineffective. The mongols failed to trick the mamlukes with the failed retreat. Furthermore charging was a part of mongol tactics, they did their classic shoot them with arrows the charge and false retreat. The mongols didn't lost because they didn't fight as regular, they lost because they were fighting a nation that studied them immensely and they didn't have their full forces. The mamlukes scored many victories after this against the mongols, they were able to defeat mongol tactics.
@@lawrencefox563 Fluke baloney---The Mamluks were an extremely professional army/cavalry trained from boyhood in the art and mechanisms of war. Adding to this, the Mamluks were by that time well aware of Mongol tactics, weaponry, etc. and could effectively counter in kind. .
Its too bad. Hugalu was doing well until Ogodai died. The reformed Mongol army was not the same as the original. If Ogodai had lived another 10 years Islam might not have survived.
Western historians such as Gumilev and Saleh said that the two sides were relatively far apart in terms of strength, the Mongols numbered 15,000, and the Mamluk-Turks numbered about 60-65,000.
lmao that impossible the mongol army under hulagu was 200000 he sent an expidition under his general karbuga so the mongol army is either stronger than mamluks army or equal but not the opposite
@atsizerenatsiz it is possible as there was defeat of Monke khan in Asia by the Song dynasty and Halegu was to attend his funeral and left just a small expeditionary army led by Ked-buqa (kitbuqa)
That's not true the numbers were even and many I've heard that mongol had the numbers..but again the mongol when the return for vengeance they still got defeated butater on there was a battle in Which the mamluks had numbers but still defeated mongols
Looking at this, it seems that there are occasional incidents in world history where the world's strongest superpower that dominates the world fails to conquer a certain country. The invasion of Egypt by the 'World's Strongest hyperpower Mongol Empire' almost killed Egypt, but Egypt was lucky to survive. Another example is the eventual withdrawal of the United States from the War in Afghanistan, as well as the victory of Vietnam in the US vs. Vietnam War.
In my opinion, it depends on some elements such as historical context, balance of power, elite of army,... sometimes, also includes belief and fortune !
lol don't try to give Afghanistan and Vietnam example USA badly got defeated in these countries and run away, mongol empire was different they didn't run away
By the time every violent super power with help of God loose power and venish. Now there are only 3 milion of Mongols. Probably, it hapened the same to Turks tribes from Turkmestan and Tatarstan. These violent mad men also by the time venished. USA and West Europeans are the next ona to be sacked with help of God.
This was an interesting idea for a video. An improved second version might be worth attempting. My first suggestion would be in the visual depiction of the Mongol army. By the time of Ain Jalut, the Mongol army would have been a far more diverse force. Among defeated kingdoms and city-states, the Mongols usually established autonomous, subservient regimes (often enough the current regime) who were pledged to provide armed soldiers to fight for their Mongol lord. Hence, the Mongol army marching toward Jerusalem would appear as diverse as a modern United Nations armed force, but the Mongol idea of peace was submission. Of course, the Mongol army would be drawn from the area from Mideast to Central and Northern Asia. Secondly, as was the case with the Knights Templar on the occasion of marching into hot, arid land to battle Moslems, the 'baking sun' became the wrathful god fighting at the forefront of the Moslem army. Lastly, instead of, or in addition to, the unclear video depictions of the relative positions of Mongol and Moslem forces in battle, your usage of arrows to illustrate positions, strategy and tactics at least sparingly might well enhance viewer understanding of this pivotal battle. As I might be wrong about the level of heat at the time of the engagement, at the outset, a brief description of date, time and probable weather conditions would clarify what the two sides faced, regarding Mother Nature. Separately, I think viewers might be interested in the American Indian migrational wars and empires, such as Ojibway, Commanche and Lakota-Dakota.
I agree, there must have been Turkic, Kurdish, Persian and even Arabs in the Mongolian invasion force. I do believe the Georgians provided some units from Georgia too, but they probably fought as distinct/homogenous units. The officer corps may have been primarily Mongol though! Bottomline is that Kitbuka did not do any scouting, and was left by Hulagu with a skeleton force that must have been a bit smaller than what the Mamluks had at their disposal. Still the Mongol force was still powerful, and would have stood a good chance of winning the altercation if Hulagu had given the command of the task force to another general that did all the little things most of the successful Mongol generals were renowned for, such as Subotai and Jochi.
@@chucklynch6523 Moğol ordusundasavaşçı kadro olarak sadece Türkler vardı.(moğol kabileleri haricinde) Türkler her zaman Mogollara kıyasla daha kalabalık hatta savaş ve teşkilatlanma konusunda daha tecrübelidir. Yönetici kadronun çoğu da Türk'tü. Devlet yazışma Çağatay Türkçesidir. Cengiz Moğol dur Moğol olduğunu bilir ancak soyunu Oguz Han a bağlar(Destansı Türk Beyi) bunun birden fazla sebebi var. Yanlışınız şurada. Moğol askeri teknoloji açısından işine yarayacak herşey almıştır. Çinlilerden mancınıklar Barut kullanımı vs.Bu doğrudur. Ancak Moğollar askeri kuvvetlerini Nomad olmayan milletlerden seçmediler. Buna ihtiyaç yoktu.
You talk shit which wrathful god? You have never read the Quran. Your just saying what your lord matrix has teach you. Fact is the Muslim beat the mongols with te will of Allah the Almighty. Allah the Almighty gives victory to whoever He wants. Read the Quran before talking disrespectful about a self called wrathful god. Allah the Almighty presents Himself as the most merciful and you are talking (john) about wrathful god.
The Battle of Ain Jalut was a great victory for the Mamluk Sultanate over the Mongols. However, it did not really decisively defeat the Mongols in war. The Battle of Ain Jalut is probably given greater credit than it deserves in terms of stopping the Mongol expansion in the Middle East. The first reason that the Mamluk Sultanate was able to win this battle against the Mongols is because they never faced the full Mongol army. The Mamluks only had to face a small fraction of the army. In 1260, Hulagu Khan (the Mongol commander in the region) withdrew his army from the region. The reason is believed to have been the death of the Mongol Khagan, Möngke Khan. Hulagu took the main Mongol host back with him to Mongolia to settle matters on Möngke’s succession. Only a small Mongol force was left in the region under the command of Kitbuqa. This was about 1-2 tumens (10,000-20,000 men). Sultan Qutuz of the Mamluk Sultanate decided to capitalize on this chance and acted quickly. This allowed the Mamluks to outnumber the Mongol forces during the Battle of Ain Jalut. Another reason for the Mamluk victory was a grave mistake made by Kitbuqa. Sultan Qutuz decided to use the Mongol tactic of feigned retreat against them. Kitbuqa fell for this and followed the retreating Mamluk forces into a trap. This resulted in the encirclement of the Mongol forces. After the death of Kitbuqa, the rest of the Mongol army fled. The Mongols are believed to have lost somewhere between 5,000-10,000 men. It was a great defeat for the Mongols. What was even worse was the damage to the myth of Mongol invincibility in the region. The Battle of Ain Jalut was a great victory for the Mamluk Sultanate. But it was not a decisive victory in the war. What truly saved the Mamluk Sultanate was something else entirely. Kublai Khan was chosen as the new Khagan of the Mongol Empire. It was under Kublai that the infighting within the Mongol Empire would begin and break the empire apart. Hulagu Khan returned to the Middle East with his host in 1262. He wanted to avenge the defeat of the Mongols in the Battle of Ain Jalut but was never able to do so. The reason for this was Berke Khan, the leader of the Golden Horde. Berke Khan had accepted Islam in 1252 and he was less than pleased with Hulagu. Hulagu’s Sack of Baghdad in 1258 had sent shock-waves throughout the Muslim world. The brutal execution of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Musta'sim did not help matters. Another reason for the conflict may have been the unfair division of resources. Following the death of Möngke Khan, conflict began between the Ilkhanate of Hulagu Khan and the Golden Horde of Berke Khan. This is the major event (Berke-Hulagu conflict) that brought a halt to all Mongol expansion in the region. Berke Khan of the Golden Horde formed an alliance with the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt against the Ilkhanate of Hulagu Khan. This resulted in the Ilkhanate being stuck between two enemies. One in the north and another in the south. He was unable to move properly against either of them. Hulagu also desperately tried to improve relations with the Delhi Sultanate to the East, to prevent himself from being completely surrounded. Any small forces sent against the Mamluk Sultanate were easily dispatched of by the Mamluks. Hulagu Khan died on 8 February 1265. This brought an end to Mongol expansion in the region and was the beginning of their decline in the Middle East. To summarize the whole thing. The main reasons for a Mamluk victory in the Battle of Ain Jalut are: Hulagu took the main Mongol force away. The Mamluk faced only a small Mongol force, which they outnumbered. Kitbuqa fell for the feigned retreat. Again, unlikely to have happened with Hulagu. Great planning and timed attack by Sultan Qutuz of the Mamluk Sultanate. Both the Mamluk Sultanate and the Crusader Kingdoms seeing the Mongols as a greater threat than each other.
Everything is correct, except for the fact, the tumens, in reality, almost never hadn't have 10,000 warriors. Particularly those who fight far away from homes for a long time. Therefore, realistically Mongols may have between 10 and 15 thousands, at most, if there were 2 tumens at Ain Jalut.
The victory of Ain Jalut is given credit for many reasons. One of the most important reasons is that before this battle, people thought the mongols to be gog-magog who can't be defeated by humans. This battle proved that idea wrong and in the process significantly increased morales of them. Ain Jalut wasn't the last time the Mamluks faced mongols. But they knew that the enemy was humans, not undefeatable monsters.
@@TheCynicalOptimist actually the gog and magog is released like in the middle age. The Islamic prophet said the Wall is now open small size (he indicated his two fingers), and that's in 7 century. Im sure they're not in monster form but human with higher brain capabilities and increased strength. Maybe they're a bit different but when they breed with pure human female then they obviously got offspring whose looks is pure human but with the mental and physical strength of gog and magog bloodline. Dunno, just speculation.
I'm a enthusiast of history but I learnt about Mongols and their military exploits when I was grown up. It was not taught in schools because colonialists made history revolve around them.
Fun facts: Kitbuqa Noyan, was an Eastern Christian of the Naimans, a group that was subservient to the Mongol Empire. [wiki: Kitbuqa]. Conquest of Damascus in 1260: Historical accounts, quoting from the writings of the medieval historian Templar of Tyre, would often describe the three Christian rulers (Hethum I of Armenia, Bohemond VI of Antioch, and Kitbuqa) entering the city of Damascus together in triumph. [ibid] Kitbuqa, who had been left by Hulagu in Syria and Palestine, held the Land in peace and in state of rest. And he greatly loved and honoured the Christians because he was of the lineage of the Three Kings of Orient who came to Bethlehem to adore the nativity of Our Lord. Kitbuqa worked at recovering the Holy Land. [ibid] Several attempts at a Franco-Mongol alliance against the Islamic caliphates, their common enemy, were made by various leaders among the Frankish Crusaders and the Mongol Empire in the 13th century. [wiki: Franco-Mongol alliance] Some historians describe Ain Jalut battle as a crucial point of the mongolian crusade, which failed due to betrayal of the western crusaiders [Lev Gumilev (1970) Searching for an Imaginary Kingdom: The Legend of the Kingdom of Prester John] (in Russian)]. It is not quite surprising, the Orthodox Church was also preferring collaboration with Muslims or even Pagans, but not with Catholics or Nestorians. IMHO this battle is considerably more important from the political point of view, than from the military one.
"Allahu Akbar" (Allah [God] is the Greatest) was the roar with which the Mamluk Cavalrymen charged at the Mongols and saved the world form the (so called) "Devil's Horsemen". It's unfortunate that the Takbir (Allahu Akbar) has come to associate with so many negative things. May this slogan of monotheism get back its former glory. Aamin.
As someone who is fascinated by Mongols (and of course shinobi) I found this video fascinating and thought you did a great job. Congratulations on your incredible videos.
Sultan Beybars would eventually voluntarily give up his throne in Egypt and return to the lands of his ancestors in Central Asian steppes, present day Kazakhstan. Beybars was from Kipchak tribe which belongs to a larger Turkic family. At present day Kipchaks are present in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. Some small numbers are also present in Russia, Eastern and Central Europe.
تحية الى الامة المصرية القوية التى لا تقهر التى اوقفت المغول ودمرتهم فى عين جالوت وكل المعارك التى تلتها وانقذت العالم وتحية للجيوش المصرية من مسلمين ومسيحيين والقلة من المماليك الذين تربوا تربية مصرية ونشئوا على حب الوطن وحب مصر وحب الاسلام بعدما اشاعوا الرعب فى العالم فى تسع سنين فقط سحقت مصر فرنسا فى معركة المنصورة واسرت لويس التاسع مكبلا بالاغلال فى دار ابن لقمان وسحقت المغول فى عين جالوت مصر بطل الاسلام التاريخى
@@gamalabdelnasser4698 هلاكو خان بخاطر جانشيني خان جديد به مغولستان رفته بود و تعداد كمي از سربازان خود را زير فرماندهي يكي از سردارانش در شام باقي گذاشته وگرنه مصر چيست كه عربستان و حتا تا الجزاير و مراكش را هم فتح ميكرد و به خون و آتش ميكشيد
هلاكو خان براي مراسم جانشيني خان جديد به مغولستان رفته بود و تعداد كمي را براي يكي از سردارانش باقي گذاشت و اگر خودش ميبود مصر كه چيزي نيست عربستان و تا الجزاير و مراكش را هم فتح ميكرد و به خاك يكسان ميكرد
@@nesarahmadahmadiar9354 لم يهزم المغول إلا بفضل المقاومة المصرية فقط وليس لكم فضل علينا المماليك كانوا يعيشون في مصر من مئات السنين وكان ليس لهم وطن الا مصر إذن هم مصريين
@@دعاءمحمد-ي1ي هلاکو خان رفته بود مغولستان و با خودش تعداد زیادی از جنگجویان خودش را هم برده بود اگر خودش در جنگ عین الجالوت میبود دمار از روزگارتان در میاورد و تا مراکش پیش میرفت
The composite bow was used by both sides. it's the first time the Mongols had no advantage. ancient Egypt invented this bow and the Mongols reinvented it. And both designs converged in Ain Jalut. The technology clash was high for sure.
انتاج ممتاز باستخدام الذكاء الصناعي لاعطاء صوره اكثر واقعيه للحدث وبالاعداد الحقيقيه ما يعجز عنه اويصعب على الانتاج السينمائي . بالتوفيق والنجاح الدائم
Perhaps you could also deal with the Tartar War that took place against the Kingdom of Hungary! More than 80% of the Hungarians died (the country had to be resettled), but the dreaded Subudaj Baghatur (trainer of Genghis Khan) lost his most powerful armies there.
1223 - ''The Battle of Samara Bend, also called the Battle of Ovneshka or the Battle of Kernek, was the first battle between Volga Bulgaria and the Mongols.
To some funny Turks who say that this army was Turkish, the Mamluks were never Turks, but were of Caucasian origin, from Georgia, the Caucasus, the Balkans, and others. Secondly, Qutuz was the beginning of the Mamluks, and at that time they were just leaders and their number was less than 1500, while the entire army was from the Egyptian people themselves, because at that time half of the Egyptians converted to Islam and the other half were still Christians. Moreover, the money that had to be saved for the war was donated by the Egyptian people themselves, because at that time Qutuz declared that the state treasury was completely empty and there was not even enough money for horses, so he called on the religious men in the Egyptians to donate their money and participate in the army. It is funny to say about them that they are Turks. The Mamluks had a characteristic, which is “shame on those who return to their origins.” The Mamluks looked at their friends who wanted to return to the country they were in before their enslavement, as if this was shameful, because they saw themselves as Egyptians, and they were They come to Egypt as children under the age of 10 to be raised among its people and feel a sense of belonging to it. Stop stealing our history. The Mamluks did not accept the Ottomans, but rather fought them until their last breath and the last leader, Tuman Bay, who resisted until he was executed by the Ottomans. He did not accept their rule and preferred death rather than surrender.
@@AdituLaudisMMXXI Mu'tah war, 3000 moslem army vs 200.000 Romans. So heroic and unbelievable. All of three Moslem General were get killed, and Khalid Al Walid RA replace them. He used 9 sword until its broken in that battle.. The best War General in prophet Muhammad SAW era. But it will be a little hard to describe it with Total War games lol. Have fun and good luck
Please the three wars fought by small Israel armies against the combined armies of Egypt, Syria and Jordan helped by the air forces of Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
@@mattmuslim Unrealistic...Amusing that anyone believes this, as dumb as it gets. The Romans were great soldiers, I don't doubt the Arabs were as well but not in the numbers you suggest. One against sixty....excuse me...one against 67....wouldn't stand a snowball's chance in hell. You're after fairy tales written by passionate unrealistic people.
His name was Baibars, and he would later become one of the greatest of all medieval Muslim leaders. Baibars forced the Mongols to flee. As they did so, they were tirelessly harried by him.
Gracias por tenerlo con subtítulos en español. Buen documental por la narración, las imágenes si me parecieron confusas a través de todo el video, no pude comprenderlas pero muy amena la narración.
Hiç bir savaşta yenilmemiş Atam büyük Türk Baybars Kağanın ruhu şad olsun. Kölelik ve Ömür boyu teslim olmak onun kanında genlerinde yoktur. Seni çok seviyorum. O yüzden çocuklarımızın isimlerine senin isminide veriyoruz 🇹🇷🍀
To some funny Turks who say that this army was Turkish, the Mamluks were never Turks, but were of Caucasian origin, from Georgia, the Caucasus, the Balkans, and others. Secondly, Qutuz was the beginning of the Mamluks, and at that time they were just leaders and their number was less than 1500, while the entire army was from the Egyptian people themselves, because at that time half of the Egyptians converted to Islam and the other half were still Christians. Moreover, the money that had to be saved for the war was donated by the Egyptian people themselves, because at that time Qutuz declared that the state treasury was completely empty and there was not even enough money for horses, so he called on the religious men in the Egyptians to donate their money and participate in the army. It is funny to say about them that they are Turks. The Mamluks had a characteristic, which is “shame on those who return to their origins.” The Mamluks looked at their friends who wanted to return to the country they were in before their enslavement, as if this was shameful, because they saw themselves as Egyptians, and they were They come to Egypt as children under the age of 10 to be raised among its people and feel a sense of belonging to it. Stop stealing our history. The Mamluks did not accept the Ottomans, but rather fought them until their last breath and the last leader, Tuman Bay, who resisted until he was executed by the Ottomans. He did not accept their rule and preferred death rather than surrender.
@LonelyWolf I think, that's a very narrow way to see them. I think, it will be better to see them in all perspective, for example in military technology like their bow and stirrup, very advance and effective at that time. No one knows when the stirrup was first invented, but it was a boon to any military that used it. Even the simplest of stirrups, a leather loop, let mounted soldiers ride longer distances and stay mounted on their horses during battle. The military success of the forebears of the Cossacks is often attributed to two loops of leather. Same with the Goths and the Huns. Some believe the stirrup even shifted the balance of power in Europe from foot soldiers to mounted knights, dubbed the "armored tanks" of the medieval world by historian Roman Johann. The Mongols took things further. Historians think they not only had leather stirrups, but metal ones as well. In 2016, archaeologists at the Center of Cultural Heritage of Mongolia unearthed the remains of a Mongolian woman dating back to the 10th century AD. Along with sturdy leather boots and some changes of clothes, she was buried with a saddle and metal stirrups described as in such good condition that they could still be used today. The stirrups are one continuous thick piece of metal with an open loop for a saddle strap on the top and a wide, flattened, and slightly rounded foot rest. The stirrups had to be comfortable and tough, because Mongols used them to ride in a way no one else rode. A general of the Song Dynasty (960-1279) described the Mongols riding long distances standing up in the saddle, with "the main weight of the body upon the calves or lower part of the leg with some weight upon the feet and ankles." The stirrups were meant to keep the rider centered and upright in even the most tumultuous situation. They hung from a saddle that was made of wood and had a high back and front. These, supplemented with endless hours of practice, gave a Mongol rider unprecedented stability. The rider could maintain hands-free balance on the horse while the horse twisted and turned and while the rider himself turned in the saddle. A fluidly mobile rider could then use his hands to fire arrows in any direction as he rode.
@@borneandayak6725 they probally learn that from china since they defeated China empire back then maybe they hire a chinese engineers to make the weapon and tech
This was a total defeat for the Mongols and a psychological one as well. Only 7000 survived. They never expected to be defeated by Kutuz's army. Although the video mentions only Mamluks, the make up of the Egyptian army consisted of mostly Egyptians and a few thousands Mamluks. Not to detract from their unquestionable valor. The two armies were matched at approximately 20 thousand men each. The Mamluks mostly mounted on horseback. The tactic used by the Mongols which was to attack and then use false retreats was used successfully by Baibars which threw the Mongols off. They were drawn after a number of these attacks to the outskirts of the forested area where the infantry was waiting. One major weapon used at this battle was the canon...Egypt had harnessed black powder as a weapon of war. These canons were rudimentary but had a frightening effect on the Mongols. This use of canon preceded the introduction of black powder to Europe some seventy years later by Marco Polo upon his return from China where black powder was used for fireworks and other spectacular displays but it had not been harnessed by the Chinese as a weapon of war or the Mongols would have used canons and not been so disoriented and frightened by their effect with very basic projectiles. Their noise and the smoke they created had a marked effect. The word used in Egypt for canon was and still is to this day "madfaa". Powder in Arabic is "baroud" which evolved into poudre in French, powder in English etc...the term "baroud" (powder) was used by the French until the late 19th century when a ship's powder keg (anecdotelly called "la sainte barbe", the holy beard...) took fire and exploded; the expression was then called: " un baroud d'honneur". This battle was so decisive that it prevented the Mongols advance to the Middle East as well as North Africa and it considerably weakened the Mongols who until then had not suffered a major defeat. There were four Mongol messengers sent to Cairo who used a threatening and insulting letter from Kitbuka to intimidate the Egyptians into surrender. Contrary to conventional behavior where one doesn't kill the messenger, they were beheaded and their heads hung at "Bab El Zwela" the Zwela Portal or the Zwela door...A portal still in existence, intact to this day in Old Cairo where a portion of the army left the Cairo Citadel built by Salah El Din (Saladin) through that portal en route to Ein Jalout. On their way the crusaders did not interfere with the Egyptian army which had safe passage. They also considered the Mongols as a problem particularly after the pope at the time declared them enemies. Kitbuka was killed at that battle at the hands of a Mamluk by the name of "Galal El Din El Shamsy". ( pronounced Jalal in other parts of the Middle East ) Just a snippet of history for this very famous battle.
@@دعاءمحمد-ي1ي عندما دخل المغول مصر لم يكن هناك جنكيز خان بل كان هناك حفيده هولاكو وقد عاش جنكيز خان قبله بكثير كما أن كل المصادر العربية مثل المقريزي بن خلدون بن السر تذكر أن المماليك كانوا من الأتراك وتشير المصادر المصرية إلى دولة المماليك بـ "إد دولتود تركية"
The most interesting thing is that on the side of the Mongols the Mongols themselves had no more than a hundred warriors. The bulk of the army consisted of Armenians, Persians, Turks, Khorezmians, Syrians, Tatars and others.
I don't know where they got that approx. There may have been 20 - 20 thousand, when it is known from contemporary sources and modern calculations that the fight was between completely unequal parties. The Mongol force consisted of a maximum of 15,000 men, while the Mamluk army reached 40,000 men. Even in spite of the serious mameluk's superior strength, the bar vibrated for a good part of the battle. Twice as many, not because they couldn't handle the Mongols, but because they were about to lose, they retreated, and the appearance of an additional 10,000 reserve at the end of the battle turned the already doomed battle in favor of the Mamluks. So it is not the brave Mameluk standing in 1:1 but the approx. The Mamluk outnumbered by 2.5 times won the battle. And there is no glorious act in this. That is, to win with a 2.5 times overpower. There is nothing to be proud of when they almost lost 30,000 against 15,000. The 10,000 plus reserve army saved the Mamluks from falling.
Imagine, a country of slaves who fought for their freedom then threatened by another who want enslave and/or kill them. its literal liberty or death. This is surely triumph worthy of legend
Спасибо большое арабам за победу над монголами: иначе сегодня население всего мира было бы жёлтым и с узкими глазами. Так как азиатские гены самые сильные на планете.
@@Maxim_Loengreen1. Asia is diverse, Asia is not just those with slanted eyes, Asia has many ethnicities, in West Asia there are (Arabs, Persians, caucASIANS, etc.,), in South Asia there are (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, etc.) In Central Asia there are (Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, etc.) in Southeast Asia there are (Malay, Austronesian etc.) Moreover, the region first known as Asia was Anatolia and Persia, what was previously known as Asia was the Anatolian and Persian people, not the Mongols.
The loss against the Mamluks did not stop the Mongols nor did it change history. Mongols downfall was their empire splitting into four empires and fighting among themselves was what brought them down. Mongols didn't even send a full scale army against the Mamluks. They were busy fighting China. The defeat against the Mamluks didn't even scratch or put a dent in the Mongol Empire.
@user-kt4oq4zw6u The mongol empire started to have internal issues after the death of Ogodei Khan. They started to divide in the 1250s. By 1259, Ilkhanate was established, which is a divided Mongol empire in the Middle East region. The battle with the Mamluks started in 1260. The Mamluks defeated a weakened smaller fracture Ilkhanate, not the whole United Mongol Empire
في ضل ضعف الدول الاسلاميه هزمت الدوله العباسيه وهل الإمبراطورية المغوليه امبراطوريه ساحقه ام انها ضهرات في زمن كان فيه كلن من العالم في ضعف ولاكن لكل امبراطوريه نهايه وأخذت الإمبراطورية المغوليه نصيبها من هذا العالم ولم تستطع ان تتحمل فوق طاقتها ولاكن دوله المماليك انتصرت لأنها تركت في اوساط المغول اكبر مشاكل وانت ادرا لان نظامهم كان اتباع رجل وليس تأسيس دوله ذات نظام
@@اسامهاليافعي-ل4ب If the Mongol empire did not divide and fought eachother, you Mamluks would be a walk in the park. You guys would stood no chance. Ilkhanate was busy fighting Chagatai Khanate and the Golden Horde most of the time. They were bigger threats than Mamluks
@@James-sn5mg ياصديقي حتى وان هزمت المغول الدوله المملوكيه فلن تتحمل ولكل امبراطوريه ذروتها في السيطره وكانت الإمبراطورية المغوليه ذروتها في عهد مؤسسها اي انه اذا مات تبد الانقسامات وتنتهي حتى تصل إلى حجمها الطبيعي والدوله المغوليه ضهرت بقوه وهزمت بقوه وانتهت وبضل فتوحات الدوله العباسيه الاسلاميه ذات نضام تركت اثر لان يغيره الزمن ولا المغول ياصديقي
As it is in our hands, the uniforms should (better to) be clearly different. So one can understand the whole scenario. Generals and Kings should be visible. Good video, but could be more better. 👍👍
Through out History, there's really only been one army that's ever really conquered the middle east and united it with Europe, and that's Alexander the Great with his Greek army.
They are said to be very lucky. The Mongols entered the battle with a very small force. If the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire had not died and attacked with the main force, it would have been conquered.
If but and maybes doesn't work because the mongols returned and fight against many times and were defeated everytime just acknowledge that the mamluks knew their tactics
@@CpTnot No, I read that the Mongols did not visit again. Because the area has turned into a useless place. Just desert. The Mongols, on the other hand, established the Il Khanate Empire centered in Iran. This is true.
Watching this reenactment looks like it would be fun to do battle . In reality it probably would not be , especially if your side lost or even if it didn't . The pain , the blood , the anxiety , the fear and the realization that you may soon die .
I'm convinced if Attila was born 250 years more late, the Arabic armies that destroyed both the Roman and Sassanid empires would absolutely crush them. Especially when you consider that they rarely lost single combat battles before combat, and the Huns also participated in traditional single combats before two armies fought. To clarify, when the armies are standing across from each other ready to do battle, it was tradition in both the Hunnic and Arab/Early Islamic cultures to send forth a champion to perform single combat before the battle, in full view of both armies. Waiting to see who wins.
The Arabs, when they had everything, relaxed with the slave girls And they trained the slaves who got them from the battles to kill and kill only, and among them were these Mamluks (slaves) The leaders of Egypt did not find Arabs ready to lead the fight, all of them were luxurious, so they freed the Mamluks (slaves) and made them the leaders of the battles, because the leaders must be free Arabs. The Arabs have caused the loss of their kingdoms with these stupid policies of comfort and luxury, and the recruitment of slaves to protect the state. The freed slaves have become leading them, as you see.
You are missing one most important point here - Spirituality and Divine help !! Complete trust in Allah God Almighty. Man and weapons are important in a war, but God's help is more important. The recent case in point is Taliban vs US.
Then, on 3 September 1260, the Mongol forces met the army of the Egyptian Mamluks at the Spring of Goliath ('Ayn Jaliit) north of Jerusalem. The Mongol army contained a large admixture of Turks. The ethnic composition of the Mamluk army was very similar, in that it was mostly recruited from Turkish and Caucasian slaves, who had been purchased, trained and emancipated, whence the name: mamluk, 'possessed'. Spuler, B. (1977). The disintegration of the caliphate in the east. In P. Holt, A. Lambton, & B. Lewis (Eds.), The Cambridge History of Islam (The Cambridge History of Islam, pp. 141-174). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Did you know that the number of Mamluks at the time was only 1500, and most of the army was Egyptian and even many princes participated. Even the Egyptian Christians and Mamluks recognized themselves as Egyptians, even their state was called the Egyptian Sultanate
To everyone who believes that the Mamluks were Turks at that time, their number was less than 1,500 people, and most of the army was Egyptian, and even many princes were Egyptians. Egyptian Christians also participated, and most of the government was Egyptian. It's like the Austrians fought for Germany in World War II because Hitler was Austria, or that Napoleon was not French because he was from Italy, or that the Russian Tsar was not Russian because he was from Germany
@@ahmadfathy7994 Devletin ismi Türk devleti anlamına gelen Dawlar-at Turk sen hala neden bahsediyorsun? Bölge mısır olduğu için tabiki mısırlı olacaklar ancak devlet erkanı ve ordu ileri gelenleri Türk ve kafkas kökenli. Savaş jargonu ve taktikleri Türk-Moğol taktikleri.
Awesome video! This is the battle that saved Egypt, and quite possibly the rest of Africa, from being conquered by the Mongols. As for future videos, here are a few suggestions: Total War: Attila 1. Battle of Adrianople (378 C.E.) 2. Vandals vs Picts 3. Sack of Aquileia (452 C.E.) 4. Ostrogoths vs Himyar Total War: Rome II 1. Battle of Watling Street (61 C.E.) 2. Odrysian Kingdom vs Lusitani 3. Battle of the Sabis (57 B.C.E.) 4. Carthage vs Royal Scythia
Piggybanking off your comment to add more suggestions. Total War: Attila 1. Battle of Yarmuk (636) 2. Battle of the chains (633) 3. Battle of Pelagonia (1259) Total War: Rome II 1. Epirus vs Sparta 2. Rome vs Selucids 3. Kush vs Rome Total war: Napoleon 1. Crossing of the duna (1701) [great northern war] 2. Second Battle of Tannenberg (1914) 3. Battle of Hill 60 (1919) [Gallipoli campaign] The ww1 ones can be done with the "great war" mod for napoleon, the first 2 suggestions can be done in "634" mod for attila, the 3rd suggestion for attila can be done in the "1212" mod. The rest can be done in vanilla for their respective games.
I don't know if all of africa would have fallen. Central africa had a jungle type environment, which was known to ruin the mongol bows as seen in india. Furthermore the supply lines of the mongols would have been stretched way too far, even if it was the yuan era mongols with larger fleets. Furthermore every quadrant of africa fights completely differently. The east africans (somalis, ethiopians, nilotes, etc.) fought at night a lot and used mainly guerilla style tactics and other unknown tactics to the mongols, and were very good archers in their own right. Other groups used completely different tactics that would require constant adaptation from the mongols. Combining all these, I doubt the mongols could take over much of africa. Too much to lose, too hard to properly plan, too many varying fighting styles. I would envision a similar scenario to alexander the great's conquest ending, they would probably turn back willingly due to many factors.
Please treat the next video as the Battle of Sarhu, a war for supremacy between the Ming and Joseon allied forces and the Qing Dynasty. This is an incident in which Emperor Nurhachi of Qing stopped 100,000 of the Joseon Allied Forces with 8,000 cavalry. Admiral Yujeong of the Ming Dynasty and Kang Hong-rip, the commander of Joseon, are the main characters. Other generals include Kim Eung-ha, Moon Hee-seong, Yang Ho, and Du Song.
The issue is that the games largely ignore china. The only games where people got china in were three kingdoms and shogun II, though the mods for the latter weren't too great for china. I hope they make a sequel to total war empire that includes more of asia and africa.
The qing are so underrated because many people support the ming before them, and the different groups after them. The qing did a lot of stuff worth mentioning, and they were a very powerful nation. They are treated by the west like the ottomans, their great beginning is ignored only to focus on their end which is unfair.
Props to Qutuz for saving that left flank because knowing how skilled the Mongols were in flanking and riding if that left flank collapsed it was going to be game over
Wonder if the size of the Arabian horse was relevant as well as the weather as it is believed that the Mongols struggled in warmer climates. Great video!
@@yavuzistann “Mamluks are not Arabs, they are Turks...!” What does it matter…? I’m referring to their horses. I imagine the Egyptian Mamluks fought the battle of Ain Jalut on Arabian horses which almost doubled in weight compared to the Mongolian Horses. Though I would assume that the Mongols would have acquired, through conquest, a more magnificent beast of battle and would have been riding as large a horse as the Mamluks.
@@yavuzistann “Memlûkler Arap değil, Türk'tür...!” Ne önemi var…? Atlarından bahsediyorum. Mısırlı Memlüklerin, Moğol Atlarının neredeyse iki katı ağırlığındaki Arap atlarıyla Ayn Calut savaşında savaştıklarını hayal ediyorum. Yine de Moğolların fetih yoluyla daha görkemli bir savaş hayvanı elde edeceklerini ve Memlükler kadar irilikte bir ata bineceklerini varsayıyorum. Umarım Google Çeviri düzgün bir çeviri yapar
Mongol army was larger than the mameluk one's because half of the Egyptian army stayed in the north of Egypt watching the borders of the surrounding delta and Alexandria; from an eventual invasion from the crusaders via the Mediterrane sea. Also, only an army of 18,000 can be supplied by weapons, food, water, etc. in the desert of Sinai and Palestine.
Because it was. During the war majority the Mongolia went to their home. Left only 10k soldier. Later they fought several times but won only 1 time because they already fighting in civil.
The Mongols preferred way of fighting was archers on horse back giving them great mobility and their skill level was without peers allowing them to win their battles. Until this one, fought in a traditional way and in the end not suiting them leading to their defeat.
@@koordrozita7236 Kitbuka was the leader and he was killed at Ein Jalout. The leader who died was not in the Middle East and many went back to Central Asia for his funeral. He had nothing to do with this battle. There are always people like you trying to take credit away. Typical :)))
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Brother I subscribe to your channel from my 4 account's and see your All video I like MashaAllah very best and great videos
@@History682 thank you!
@@AdituLaudisMMXXI The Mongols seized most of the world, then destroyed the Islamic state in Iraq, then destroyed the Levant, and when they wanted to go to Egypt
The Sultan of Egypt went out to them in the armies of the Egyptians, and the Egyptians defeated them and killed a lot of them.
- Historian Suleiman Al-Hawat
From the book Al-Sirr Al-Zahir, p. 494
@@AdituLaudisMMXXI Before the battle, the eyes of the Egyptian soldiers were filled with tears as they listened to the caliph's sermon, as they would fight for the name of Egypt and for the sake of crushing the Mongols. Historian James Watterson, speaking about the Great Battle of Shaqhab, is one of the strong Egyptian nationalist feelings in the Great Battle of Shaqhab in the year 1303 AD.
Source :
The book of the Knights of Islam and the wars of the Mamluks, page 303
@@ahmadfathy7994 The term 'Mamluk Sultanate' is a modern historiographical term.[9] Arabic sources for the period of the Bahri, Mamluks refer to the dynasty as the State of the Turks (Arabic: دولة الاتراك, Dawlat al-Atrāk; دولة الترك, Dawlat al-Turk) or State of Turkey (الدولة التركية, al-Dawla al-Turkiyya).[16][17][9]
So much effort put in this. Bravery of its finest. Thank you.
Thanks
It saddens me that this is not taught in school because of hatred of Muslims. I appreciate you for this work thanks to your friend from Bahrain 🇧🇭
And Sultan Baybars is Turks
@Last of the Dragon's he has reason, egypt biught lots of turks slaves because they knew egyptian losers couldn’t defeat mogols, steppe warriors had to be defeated by other steppe warriors.
@Last of the Dragon's I probably know more history than u, after the sea people, egypts became losers ruled by foreigners, pharaos tamed them too well.
@Last of the Dragon's ive never been drunk in like 20 years.
The lybians, the nubians, the assiryans, the persians, the romans, tge arabs, the kurds, the turks...
Egypt is a chair were foreigners are suceeding each others
@Last of the Dragon's And I said muslims alone weren’t enough, muslims knew that mobilising just the muslims in egypt they would lose, they had to import and convert steppe unbelievers.
I support every channel that uses PC games like that to make AMAZING videos such as this. Thank you!
Full respect for Qutuz for not failing at the very time of testing.
@@amoodi Салом
This battle also saved Europe
Neither.
@@adamnesico 😡 بلا
True, if the Muslim army did not stop the Mongols who were backed by the shias and christians then Africa and Europe would have been devastated
@@jackjack-sh7uy You are a xenophob liar.
Its quite possible this battle wouldn’t have changed anything, later the mongols defeated the egyptians and they didn’t invaded Egypt.
Gówno prawda. Europejskie rycerstwo poradziło by sobie. Jak by Papież ogłosił jeszcze krucjatę , to Mongołowie dostali by łomot.
Fun fact : The two mastermind generals behind the victory of Ain Jalut, Qutuz & Baibars, shared a common Turkic background, originating from lands that had been previously ravaged by Mongols which were Cumania and Khwarezmia respectively.
very interesting fact. Thanks for sharing!
Dont forget about Qutuz father , jalaludin khwarezm defeated Mongol 10 times , he even still can fighting larger Genghis Khan troops
@@abiyasa9839 Jalaladdin wasn't Qutuz's father but uncle
@@nenenindonu ah yes iam forget
To everyone who believes that the Mamluks were Turks at that time, their number was less than 1,500 people, and most of the army was Egyptian, and even many princes were Egyptians. Egyptian Christians also participated, and most of the government was Egyptian. It's like the Austrians fought for Germany in World War II because Hitler was Austria, or that Napoleon was not French because he was from Italy, or that the Russian Tsar was not Russian because he was from Germany
أشكر صاحب القناة على المجهود المبذول . وأشكره كثيرا على مصداقيته التاريخية في سرد الأحداث التاريخية .
Thank you
Ain Jaluth was also a scene of first mass use of early muskets, thus pioneering the firearm age. Mameluke musket, or rather an arquebuse, was called “midfa” or like that.
Oh wow. That would have been an advantage for sure, even if minor.
Mameluks saved the West!
Sultan Jalal Uddin fought ferociously against Chengis Khan at Kandahar war Parwan war in Afghanistan. At the bay of the Sindhu River and at the girikhat of the Hindu Kush mountain in India. He killed a son and a General of Chengis Khan and chopetaghat to Chengis Khan. Commander Jalal Uddin was a real historical Hero. Lal Salam!
I believe the correct spelling is Genghis Khan .
He made a stupid mistake, thouh, He under estimated imminent Mongol threat and refused allience with Seljuks, even attacked them and the Georgians in addition to challenging Gengiz by killing his embassadors. He could do a lot better if he wasn't blinded by his over pride (kibr in Islam), and cooperate with Seljuks. Mongols' superiority did not really come from their war skills, but from devide and conqueer tactics that they applied for even insignificiant enemies to reduce their casualties successfully and with no over pride. They cooperated with Bizantium Empire, Cresuders, and all the oppenets of Ottomans (other Turkic beys of Anatolia) to just defeat Osman bey (founder of Ottoman empire), even at the very early stage of Ottomans' formation, recognising the real threat for them in long run (see story of Ilhanids of Crimia and Russia under command of Oljaytu Han in "Kurulus Osman", who were decendents of Mongols after its disintegration into few khanets).
@@mehmetbor7500 His (Jalal Uddin's) mother was a Kipchak, she taught him hatred of the Oghuz
Ghengiz Khans Mongols had no interest in the hot stinky climate of the Sub continent. They had bigger and richer prizes in mind
I'm glad someone finally beat the mongals, Blessed Be.
Others had defeated them.
Difference, this time instead of return fir revenge, they fought each other.
Adamnesico: others had but this was a great victory, Blessed Be.
@@adamnesico they did return many occasions and still lost to mamluks and we're still defeated by mamluks..as for fighting eachother that was the case too with the mamluks
@@baronghede2365 the battles of parwan, samara bend and the prelude to khalka were too great victories.
You despise them because arabs didn’t won them.
@@CpTnot mogols won the third battle of homs.
They didn’t invaded Egypt due to lack of pastures for their horses and because the ilkhanate was being atacked by other khananate, same reason why Hulagu didn’t returned after Ain-Jalut.
I have wondered why so strong Mongols are defeated by Muslim forces, this video clip gives me very interesting answers. Two mastermind generals - Qutuz & Baibars - never allow Mongol forces to do what they do their best, and keep pressing Mongols to do what they don’t want to do. Therefore, It causes the Mongol army to become not a monster but an ordinary one.
the biggest defeat for the Mongols is the Battle of Buir Lake,
when their own capital in Mongolia get raided by a Chinese Ming Dynasty general Lan Yu, who is probably a Chinese Hui Muslim:
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Buir_Lake
@@Emilechen The battle of Buir Lake cannot be compared with the battle of Ain Jalut.
1. The battle of Ain Jalut happened in 13th century when Mongols and their army were at their peak. The battle of Buir Lake happened in late 14th century when Mongols were in their down trend and much weaker.
2. The battle of Buir Lake is not a face to face battle. As you said it's just a RAID and the Mongols were not prepared, kind of like Japanese attack on Pearl harbor in 1941. By the way, the Buir Lake was not Mongols capital.
3. The battle of Buir Lake is much less historically important than the battle of Ain Jalut. As a matter of fact, the Chinese army was disastrously defeated by Mongols just 60 years after the battle of Buir Lake (see Tumu Crisis at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumu_Crisis ), and the Chinese emperor of Ming Dynasty was shamefully captured by Mongols in the incident.
The Mongols experienced many big defeats in history, like the defeat in their invading to Japan. Compared with those historically important defeats, the battle of Buir Lake is nothing.
@@mengyuanxian3279 your answer is awesome, and I am excited to learn about it you said.
@@mengyuanxian3279 The Mongols were fighting with only a tenth of their army their leader the HULAGU KHAN had gone back to Mongolia to attend to his brother and the GREAT KHAN's funeral and for the selection of the next KHAN
Why you are surprised that they were defeated by Muslims?! Do you think muslims were weak at that time?
Great video. Thanks. I have been studying world history a long time. I am 73 years old. The3 Mongols did not loose often but there you have it in this video. All things come to an end. Though the Mongol empire lasted a long time after this battle.
@@bobpeterson1906 Ottomon Empire ☠️
The fact that the Mongols were in Africa while also bordering Alaska is kind of insane to think of.
AFRICA?
How would the Mongols get to Africa?
Wouldn't Egypt have something to say about that?
@@rdelrosso1973 Egypt is precisely where they were. Not that they conquered it, but they got to it.
It was the bigest empire in world history....
The Mamluk State is Turkish. Name: "El Devletül Turkiye" Baybars, Kutus, Atabeg, Nusrettin, Atabey... They are commanders of Turkish origin.❤❤🇹🇷🇹🇷💪💪
Alaska and Africa??? You need to study the Mongols before you make comments my friend.
Wow. Imagining 40,000 cavalry fighting eachother. This must have been hell
Seriously
It was 40k Calvary , combined forces was 40k
Both chroniclers wrote that the battlefield was darken by the dusty atmosphere many aim their enemy based on sounds/languages.
ад это мягко сказано
@@Drew151Proof Humans it's their doing but poor horses, why they are punished? 😭
I have lived all over the world, including Muslim lands, like Turkey, Pakistan, and Mindinao. RP. I never felt threatened or subject to harm. My Muslim brothers were great hosts!
But not with domenica. They ha to keep foulard when it is so hot.
Good thing you wern't a little boy, a girl or very rich and alone, or a sheep.
Mientes eres de ellos eso es obvio!
@@BrigittJimenezSanchez-yo2mu cry more
@@BrigittJimenezSanchez-yo2mu You lie, you just hate Muslims.
Thanks to everyone who helped put this together. Excellent quality. Thanks
Glad you enjoyed it! Thank you!
This was not the only defeat of the Mongolian army during the Western Expedition, but even several failed battles before that could not stop the Mongolian army from conquest, but many Western historians like to ignore the fact that the Mongolian army was not Because of the failure of this battle, the road to the west was terminated, not to mention that this battle that obviously did not conform to the Mongols' combat style was deliberately adapted. In fact, the ruler of the Mongolian Empire at that time fought in the war to conquer China in August 1259. died, and when the news was passed to the Western Expeditionary Army nearly a year later, Hulagu had to stop the Western Expedition and rush back to China to participate in the battle for the position of the Great Khan. The Western Expedition was suddenly stopped, not because of the defeat of a certain battle. I hope that those Western historians will stop remaking history and treat the progress of civilization with the justice that a scholar should have.
It was their very first MAJOR defeat which was so complete that it affected them for the next century psychologically. They never were the same after Ein Jalout. They had lost against the Bulgars in Europe some fourty years earlier but Ein Jalout was more decisive and left a permanent mark in the Mongolian psyche.
Complimenti questa è un osservazione veritiera da storico serio.
This is one of the greatest battles in the islamic history and still a source of pride until now for Arabs and Muslims. Our ancestors were able to defeat the worst unstoppable barbaric army in the history.
Thank God Charles Martel won at Poitiers...saved Europe from Islam. Praise Jesus!
@@stewartbeche686 don’t know what that has anything to do with his comment
@@stewartbeche686 tbh Christianity would’ve faired better under Islamic rule than it has now in Europe. Majority of countries are secular and the church is now dying 🤷🏿♂️
@@NabilAbdulrashidComedy islam forced christians to pay tax or convert. Christians spreading in africa
@@NabilAbdulrashidComedy and majority of european "Christians" are really christian in name only with zero proper practice.
The reason why the Mongols, who showed themselves only once in history, progressed so much was that the Turks lost power by fighting each other, which is one of the worst characteristics of the Turks. In fact, the pure Mongols were able to last for 100 years. Other states became Turkic over time and therefore became Muslim.
@@xddx2639 you will never imagine they battle hundred of countries in a few years. It is just a small part of the big picture.
The great historian Ibn Khaldun also argues in his “Introduction to History” (or The Muqaddimah) that nomadic peoples, the Turks foremost among them, were the most energetic and martial of peoples and that imperial dynasties and regimes emerged from such groups until they became corrupted and softened by civilization and luxury, which resulted in a loss of martial energy and group solidarity. This analysis is very true because as the Abbasid caliphate started to lose its power and influence in the mid-ninth century most of the dynasties that emerged to control the various regions of the Muslim world were founded by Turks, either tribal nomads or former slave soldiers. Ibn Khaldun even attributes the victory of the Muslims over the Mongols to the martial power and energy of the Turks, who formed the elite ranks of the Mamluk armies that defeated the Mongols on several occasions as they attempted to advance into Syria and Egypt between 1260 and 1323.
Вы правы. Это были тюрки. Не монголы.
Nothing lasts forever 🥲
@@АселКенжина
انت مجنون
Güçlü olan her zaman ortaya çıkar. Fesatlık yapmaya gerek yoktur
@Lll14423Actually it’s the opposite , the lack of wars made the nobles lax and when they were faced by outside threats they began hiring turkic guards .
Sejarah islam memang luar biasa, MasyaAllah
thank you my friend ❤
You are so welcome!
Imagine you are defeating both crusaders and mongols and you have both Seljuk Kipchak and Ayyubid traditions
Mongols were defeated by hot climate actually. Vietnamese defeated mongols with hot climate as ally. This is the same reason for French and German failure in Russia with icy climate as ally. Mongol just does not function well in hot place.
@@alexoolau bro i lived in steppes and summer are very hot in steppes
@@alexoolau *acTuaLy*
Mongols are superhuman in that they can withstand extreme heat and cold. That's how they devastated China and Iraq, two countries with very different climates-hot and cold, respectively. European gene for tiny eyes would have been a thing today if the front had not expanded out to include the Middle East and other regions of Asia.
They were defeated because of the bravery and resiliency of Mamluks muslims. Also Islam is a religion of warriors, that is also the reason why mongol descendants choose to follow it.
@@haziq0007 and Mamluks also knew their strategies because most of the things that used by mongols is invented by Turks even Genghis's alphabet was Uyghur
What really stopped the Mongols in the Middle East was not Ain Jalut, but the Mongol Civil Wars and factionalism. The Golden Horde Mongol leaders had converted to Islam and hated the Ilkhanate Mongols for destroying Baghdad. IIRC, The Golden Horde indirectly helped the Mamluks with supplies or transfering troops at Ain Jalut, and then prevented the Ilkhanate from avenging their defeat (the Ilkhanate originally wanted to come back with a bigger army) by declaring open war with the Ilkhanate. Thus, the Ilkhanate was prevented from making any further incusions into the Middle East and North Africa for several decades due to the Mongol civil war.
Thanks, very informative, interesting and I immensely enjoyed-so we can learn every day!
Glad to hear it!
Very interesting part of history. However, I was confused watching the horsemen riding and the infantry walking and the clashes of battle. In fact, there was too much of that. The best part was the descriptions of strategy each side used. I can imagine the horrific death toll and the agony of the wounded. War is hell.
Both armies had mainly good mounted archers and good light and heavy cavalry. The Mamluk Sultanate was ruled by Turkic Kipchaks and Caucasian Circassians. The army was made mainly of these two groups.
The Mamluk Sultanate is the successor of the Ayyubid Sultanate, which is also of Turkic origin. In those years, Turkic Kipchak youth and Caucasian Circassian youth were enslaved in Central Asia and Eurasia during Mongol attacks and sold as slave soldiers to some countries in the Middle East. The Turkic Ayyubid Dynasty, Turkic Kipchaks and Caucasian Circassians used these young people in their armies after they had been trained in a good military school. The Ayyubid army consisted mainly of these two groups. In the beginning, Turkic groups were much more. However, these soldiers had taken over the sultanate after a coup d'etat and established the Mamluk Sultanate. The word Mamluk means 'Slave' in Arabic.
The language of agreement in the Mamluk Sultanate was Western Turkish, a mixture of Kipchak and Oghuz. In the past, only Arabic and Persian education was given in Madrasahs and Turkish was not a language taught in Madrasahs. For this reason, if someone in the Middle East speaks Turkish and writes in Turkish, that person is Turkish. "Kitâbu Bulgatü'l-Müştâk Fî Lügati't-Türk Ve'l-Kıfçak" , "Kitâbü'l-Ef'al" and "Kitâb-ı
Mecmû-ı Tercümân-ı Türkî and Acemî ve Mugalî” are some examples written in Mamluk Kipchak language...
@@orkunyucel3095 Turks didn't have alphabet, they were writing in Arabic or Persian.
Turkish could be written in Arabic and Persian alphabets, just as Turkish can now be written in a Latin-based alphabet. Language and alphabet are completely different matters.
@@orkunyucel3095
fascinating!
@@orkunyucel3095Черкесы это тюркоязычный народ. Они говорят на кыпчакском диалекте тюрского языка. Жили на Кавказе в основном, некоторая часть сейчас живут на западе Казахстана.
In India, they dont teach it as it goes against the Hindu interest.
We, Muslims need and remain to be united as we have too many enrmies everywhere.
You can’t be united, you get too angry at very small disagreements.
All Mongolian soldiers are mounted and have high mobility, and they overwhelm enemy infantry soldiers wearing heavy armor with powerful Mongolian bows (composite bows). But the Mamluk soldiers were former horsemen who were sold into Egypt as slaves. In other words, they were fighting the same cavalry race.
Mostly moors
@ikman3410 Indeed Mongols attacked again but consistently defeated by Mamluks
@ikman3410 Believe me brother, all nomads use this tactic, and the funny thing in all wars, nomad versus nomad, is the genius who uses this tactic, and the genius who falls into the trick.
Great screen play moving all of those forces with a kind of harmony when absolute brutality.
Excelente producción, un trabajo muy bien logrado.gracias por sus esfuerzos..desde México , saludos.
Before the battle, the eyes of the Egyptian soldiers were filled with tears as they listened to the caliph's sermon, as they would fight for the name of Egypt and for the sake of crushing the Mongols. Historian James Watterson, speaking about the Great Battle of Shaqhab, is one of the strong Egyptian nationalist feelings in the Great Battle of Shaqhab in the year 1303 AD.
Source :
The book of the Knights of Islam and the wars of the Mamluks, page 303
In the social hierarchy there were clear distinctions of status and power between “ Turks ” ( atrak ) , the term usually applied by native Egyptian writers to both Ottomans and Mamluks , and the Arabic - speaking indigenous population whom those in power often lumped together as " peasants " ( fallahin ) regardless of occu- pation or residence .
Egypt: A Short History
James P. Jankowski · 2000 ·
p.60
@@DeliYuzbashi The title was the Egyptian sultanate or the Egyptian home, a owned title. It is a modern title for their state. Yes, most of the elite were slaves who came from the Caucasus, but there were many Egyptians in the state elite, and most of the army was from the Egyptians and the government as well, so that the Mamluks used to speak the Egyptian dialect
@@DeliYuzbashi Most of them were knights and elite fighters, and even there were many Egyptian princes, and most of the army was my grandfather. He was an Egyptian prince in the Mamluk army.
@@DeliYuzbashi Baybars assumed command of the Egyptian army in the battle of Ain Jalut, defending his country, Egypt, which he chose as his homeland. After the victory over the Mongols, Baybars became the Sultan of Egypt, and he was very popular with the people, until people called him the Lion of Egypt, historian Ranouf Finn, from the book: The Story of the Special Forces, Chapter Ten, The Mamluks
This was the beginning of the end of the Mongolian barbarian civilization. Mamluks also saved the West from these barbarians.
you're work is extremely underrated
The game graphics are fine. I am sure they will buff out, with time. The real issue for me was the narrative of battle. The troop movements on the map need to be clearer, more punchy. The voice actor was excellent, but the script was muddled, wandering from topic to topic. All in all, a good show, I will watch some more...
Fascinating video. These stories need to be told.
tarihten türkleri çıkarırsan ortada tarih diye birşey kalmaz
Si jeden z najlepších historických kanálov aké poznám ďakujem za všetki videá
The Mongols also lost because they did NOT FIGHT THEIR style of warfare, but tried to meet the other force with direct heavier cavalry tactics.
Fluke mamalook win turns tide of history.
The Mongols tried their famous retreat/ambush tactic, but, the Mamaluks didn't fall for it so they had to resort to more standard tactics.
They did try to fight in their style, but it was ineffective. The mongols failed to trick the mamlukes with the failed retreat. Furthermore charging was a part of mongol tactics, they did their classic shoot them with arrows the charge and false retreat.
The mongols didn't lost because they didn't fight as regular, they lost because they were fighting a nation that studied them immensely and they didn't have their full forces.
The mamlukes scored many victories after this against the mongols, they were able to defeat mongol tactics.
@@lawrencefox563 Fluke baloney---The Mamluks were an extremely professional army/cavalry trained from boyhood in the art and mechanisms of war. Adding to this, the Mamluks were by that time well aware of Mongol tactics, weaponry, etc. and could effectively counter in kind.
.
Its too bad. Hugalu was doing well until Ogodai died. The reformed Mongol army was not the same as the original. If Ogodai had lived another 10 years Islam might not have survived.
Awesome as usual! Dunno if you've already done this but I'd love to see the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains from you - Late Romans vs the Huns!
Added!
@@AdituLaudisMMXXI you will find it was one of the largest battles in the ancient world - an absolute bloodbath.
Western historians such as Gumilev and Saleh said that the two sides were relatively far apart in terms of strength, the Mongols numbered 15,000, and the Mamluk-Turks numbered about 60-65,000.
lmao that impossible the mongol army under hulagu was 200000 he sent an expidition under his general karbuga so the mongol army is either stronger than mamluks army or equal but not the opposite
@atsizerenatsiz it is possible as there was defeat of Monke khan in Asia by the Song dynasty and Halegu was to attend his funeral and left just a small expeditionary army led by Ked-buqa (kitbuqa)
That's not true the numbers were even and many I've heard that mongol had the numbers..but again the mongol when the return for vengeance they still got defeated butater on there was a battle in Which the mamluks had numbers but still defeated mongols
@@kira7468 Гумилев что там участвовал что ли эти учёные что ходят то и пишут
Looking at this, it seems that there are occasional incidents in world history where the world's strongest superpower that dominates the world fails to conquer a certain country. The invasion of Egypt by the 'World's Strongest hyperpower Mongol Empire' almost killed Egypt, but Egypt was lucky to survive. Another example is the eventual withdrawal of the United States from the War in Afghanistan, as well as the victory of Vietnam in the US vs. Vietnam War.
In my opinion, it depends on some elements such as historical context, balance of power, elite of army,... sometimes, also includes belief and fortune !
lol don't try to give Afghanistan and Vietnam example USA badly got defeated in these countries and run away, mongol empire was different they didn't run away
Add Ukraina vs Russia
By the time every violent super power with help of God loose power and venish. Now there are only 3 milion of Mongols. Probably, it hapened the same to Turks tribes from Turkmestan and Tatarstan. These violent mad men also by the time venished. USA and West Europeans are the next ona to be sacked with help of God.
@@BizBytesTVsalso in Somalia and Iraq Al falujja they got destroyed in Alfalujja one city and then other cities joined
This was an interesting idea for a video. An improved second version might be worth attempting. My first suggestion would be in the visual depiction of the Mongol army. By the time of Ain Jalut, the Mongol army would have been a far more diverse force. Among defeated kingdoms and city-states, the Mongols usually established autonomous, subservient regimes (often enough the current regime) who were pledged to provide armed soldiers to fight for their Mongol lord. Hence, the Mongol army marching toward Jerusalem would appear as diverse as a modern United Nations armed force, but the Mongol idea of peace was submission. Of course, the Mongol army would be drawn from the area from Mideast to Central and Northern Asia. Secondly, as was the case with the Knights Templar on the occasion of marching into hot, arid land to battle Moslems, the 'baking sun' became the wrathful god fighting at the forefront of the Moslem army.
Lastly, instead of, or in addition to, the unclear video depictions of the relative positions of Mongol and Moslem forces in battle, your usage of arrows to illustrate positions, strategy and tactics at least sparingly might well enhance viewer understanding of this pivotal battle. As I might be wrong about the level of heat at the time of the engagement, at the outset, a brief description of date, time and probable weather conditions would clarify what the two sides faced, regarding Mother Nature.
Separately, I think viewers might be interested in the American Indian migrational wars and empires, such as Ojibway, Commanche and Lakota-Dakota.
I agree, there must have been Turkic, Kurdish, Persian and even Arabs in the Mongolian invasion force. I do believe the Georgians provided some units from Georgia too, but they probably fought as distinct/homogenous units.
The officer corps may have been primarily Mongol though! Bottomline is that Kitbuka did not do any scouting, and was left by Hulagu with a skeleton force that must have been a bit smaller than what the Mamluks had at their disposal.
Still the Mongol force was still powerful, and would have stood a good chance of winning the altercation if Hulagu had given the command of the task force to another general that did all the little things most of the successful Mongol generals were renowned for, such as Subotai and Jochi.
Thank you for the in-depth suggestion
@@chucklynch6523 Moğol ordusundasavaşçı kadro olarak sadece Türkler vardı.(moğol kabileleri haricinde) Türkler her zaman Mogollara kıyasla daha kalabalık hatta savaş ve teşkilatlanma konusunda daha tecrübelidir. Yönetici kadronun çoğu da Türk'tü. Devlet yazışma Çağatay Türkçesidir. Cengiz Moğol dur Moğol olduğunu bilir ancak soyunu Oguz Han a bağlar(Destansı Türk Beyi) bunun birden fazla sebebi var. Yanlışınız şurada. Moğol askeri teknoloji açısından işine yarayacak herşey almıştır. Çinlilerden mancınıklar Barut kullanımı vs.Bu doğrudur. Ancak Moğollar askeri kuvvetlerini Nomad olmayan milletlerden seçmediler. Buna ihtiyaç yoktu.
I enjoyed the video and agreed with some comments on clarifying labels. Thanks.
You talk shit which wrathful god? You have never read the Quran. Your just saying what your lord matrix has teach you. Fact is the Muslim beat the mongols with te will of Allah the Almighty. Allah the Almighty gives victory to whoever He wants. Read the Quran before talking disrespectful about a self called wrathful god. Allah the Almighty presents Himself as the most merciful and you are talking (john) about wrathful god.
The Battle of Ain Jalut was a great victory for the Mamluk Sultanate over the Mongols. However, it did not really decisively defeat the Mongols in war. The Battle of Ain Jalut is probably given greater credit than it deserves in terms of stopping the Mongol expansion in the Middle East. The first reason that the Mamluk Sultanate was able to win this battle against the Mongols is because they never faced the full Mongol army. The Mamluks only had to face a small fraction of the army. In 1260, Hulagu Khan (the Mongol commander in the region) withdrew his army from the region. The reason is believed to have been the death of the Mongol Khagan, Möngke Khan. Hulagu took the main Mongol host back with him to Mongolia to settle matters on Möngke’s succession. Only a small Mongol force was left in the region under the command of Kitbuqa. This was about 1-2 tumens (10,000-20,000 men). Sultan Qutuz of the Mamluk Sultanate decided to capitalize on this chance and acted quickly. This allowed the Mamluks to outnumber the Mongol forces during the Battle of Ain Jalut. Another reason for the Mamluk victory was a grave mistake made by Kitbuqa. Sultan Qutuz decided to use the Mongol tactic of feigned retreat against them. Kitbuqa fell for this and followed the retreating Mamluk forces into a trap. This resulted in the encirclement of the Mongol forces. After the death of Kitbuqa, the rest of the Mongol army fled. The Mongols are believed to have lost somewhere between 5,000-10,000 men. It was a great defeat for the Mongols. What was even worse was the damage to the myth of Mongol invincibility in the region. The Battle of Ain Jalut was a great victory for the Mamluk Sultanate. But it was not a decisive victory in the war. What truly saved the Mamluk Sultanate was something else entirely. Kublai Khan was chosen as the new Khagan of the Mongol Empire. It was under Kublai that the infighting within the Mongol Empire would begin and break the empire apart.
Hulagu Khan returned to the Middle East with his host in 1262. He wanted to avenge the defeat of the Mongols in the Battle of Ain Jalut but was never able to do so. The reason for this was Berke Khan, the leader of the Golden Horde. Berke Khan had accepted Islam in 1252 and he was less than pleased with Hulagu. Hulagu’s Sack of Baghdad in 1258 had sent shock-waves throughout the Muslim world. The brutal execution of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Musta'sim did not help matters. Another reason for the conflict may have been the unfair division of resources. Following the death of Möngke Khan, conflict began between the Ilkhanate of Hulagu Khan and the Golden Horde of Berke Khan. This is the major event (Berke-Hulagu conflict) that brought a halt to all Mongol expansion in the region. Berke Khan of the Golden Horde formed an alliance with the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt against the Ilkhanate of Hulagu Khan. This resulted in the Ilkhanate being stuck between two enemies. One in the north and another in the south. He was unable to move properly against either of them. Hulagu also desperately tried to improve relations with the Delhi Sultanate to the East, to prevent himself from being completely surrounded. Any small forces sent against the Mamluk Sultanate were easily dispatched of by the Mamluks. Hulagu Khan died on 8 February 1265. This brought an end to Mongol expansion in the region and was the beginning of their decline in the Middle East. To summarize the whole thing. The main reasons for a Mamluk victory in the Battle of Ain Jalut are:
Hulagu took the main Mongol force away. The Mamluk faced only a small Mongol force, which they outnumbered.
Kitbuqa fell for the feigned retreat. Again, unlikely to have happened with Hulagu.
Great planning and timed attack by Sultan Qutuz of the Mamluk Sultanate.
Both the Mamluk Sultanate and the Crusader Kingdoms seeing the Mongols as a greater threat than each other.
Everything is correct, except for the fact, the tumens, in reality, almost never hadn't have 10,000 warriors. Particularly those who fight far away from homes for a long time. Therefore, realistically Mongols may have between 10 and 15 thousands, at most, if there were 2 tumens at Ain Jalut.
Yes, nice research, increased my knowledge of this. But atleast the mamluks have the guts to face the gog magog 😂.
The victory of Ain Jalut is given credit for many reasons. One of the most important reasons is that before this battle, people thought the mongols to be gog-magog who can't be defeated by humans. This battle proved that idea wrong and in the process significantly increased morales of them. Ain Jalut wasn't the last time the Mamluks faced mongols. But they knew that the enemy was humans, not undefeatable monsters.
@@TheCynicalOptimist actually the gog and magog is released like in the middle age. The Islamic prophet said the Wall is now open small size (he indicated his two fingers), and that's in 7 century. Im sure they're not in monster form but human with higher brain capabilities and increased strength. Maybe they're a bit different but when they breed with pure human female then they obviously got offspring whose looks is pure human but with the mental and physical strength of gog and magog bloodline. Dunno, just speculation.
I'm a enthusiast of history but I learnt about Mongols and their military exploits when I was grown up. It was not taught in schools because colonialists made history revolve around them.
such a shame, hey?
Of course. What's wrong with that?
Your content is invaluable and greatly appreciated, Many Warm Thanks to you !
Fun facts: Kitbuqa Noyan, was an Eastern Christian of the Naimans, a group that was subservient to the Mongol Empire. [wiki: Kitbuqa].
Conquest of Damascus in 1260: Historical accounts, quoting from the writings of the medieval historian Templar of Tyre, would often describe the three Christian rulers (Hethum I of Armenia, Bohemond VI of Antioch, and Kitbuqa) entering the city of Damascus together in triumph. [ibid]
Kitbuqa, who had been left by Hulagu in Syria and Palestine, held the Land in peace and in state of rest. And he greatly loved and honoured the Christians because he was of the lineage of the Three Kings of Orient who came to Bethlehem to adore the nativity of Our Lord. Kitbuqa worked at recovering the Holy Land. [ibid]
Several attempts at a Franco-Mongol alliance against the Islamic caliphates, their common enemy, were made by various leaders among the Frankish Crusaders and the Mongol Empire in the 13th century. [wiki: Franco-Mongol alliance]
Some historians describe Ain Jalut battle as a crucial point of the mongolian crusade, which failed due to betrayal of the western crusaiders [Lev Gumilev (1970) Searching for an Imaginary Kingdom: The Legend of the Kingdom of Prester John] (in Russian)].
It is not quite surprising, the Orthodox Church was also preferring collaboration with Muslims or even Pagans, but not with Catholics or Nestorians.
IMHO this battle is considerably more important from the political point of view, than from the military one.
Great video. Had never heard of this battle before.
Glad you enjoyed it
"Allahu Akbar" (Allah [God] is the Greatest) was the roar with which the Mamluk Cavalrymen charged at the Mongols and saved the world form the (so called) "Devil's Horsemen".
It's unfortunate that the Takbir (Allahu Akbar) has come to associate with so many negative things. May this slogan of monotheism get back its former glory. Aamin.
so true. Thanks for mentioning it.
من أفضل القنوات ، ما أجمل السرد الموضوعي والأدبي للتاريخ وكذلك براعة أستخدام برامج الحاسوب لديكم ، شكراً جزيلا ...
Thanks!
Semangat membela negara dan agama menjadikan kemenangan bertempur
As someone who is fascinated by Mongols (and of course shinobi) I found this video fascinating and thought you did a great job. Congratulations on your incredible videos.
Thank you very much!
Gengus Khan said, "A man is born to ride and fight". No building, culture or arts for those folks.
Rhank you for showing this I never knew about it.
Glad you liked it
Sultan Beybars would eventually voluntarily give up his throne in Egypt and return to the lands of his ancestors in Central Asian steppes, present day Kazakhstan. Beybars was from Kipchak tribe which belongs to a larger Turkic family. At present day Kipchaks are present in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. Some small numbers are also present in Russia, Eastern and Central Europe.
I thought he did that out of regret for killing Qutuz
Заебали казохи , везде лезут со своей историей. То они монголы ,то они арабы, хрен вас поймёшь, откуда вы, с луны прилетели.
@@joebol2036 r u insane or just too ignorant...?! He has never gave up the Thronr and died in Damascus... What kind of an idiot can claim such lie!
تحية الى الامة المصرية القوية التى لا تقهر التى اوقفت المغول ودمرتهم فى عين جالوت وكل المعارك التى تلتها وانقذت العالم وتحية للجيوش المصرية من مسلمين ومسيحيين والقلة من المماليك الذين تربوا تربية مصرية ونشئوا على حب الوطن وحب مصر وحب الاسلام بعدما اشاعوا الرعب فى العالم فى تسع سنين فقط سحقت مصر فرنسا فى معركة المنصورة واسرت لويس التاسع مكبلا بالاغلال فى دار ابن لقمان وسحقت المغول فى عين جالوت مصر بطل الاسلام التاريخى
@@gamalabdelnasser4698 هلاكو خان بخاطر جانشيني خان جديد به مغولستان رفته بود و تعداد كمي از سربازان خود را زير فرماندهي يكي از سردارانش در شام باقي گذاشته وگرنه مصر چيست كه عربستان و حتا تا الجزاير و مراكش را هم فتح ميكرد و به خون و آتش ميكشيد
بگذريم ازينكه همان مملوك ها و سيف الدين قطز و بايبارس هم ترك قبچاق بودند
هلاكو خان براي مراسم جانشيني خان جديد به مغولستان رفته بود و تعداد كمي را براي يكي از سردارانش باقي گذاشت و اگر خودش ميبود مصر كه چيزي نيست عربستان و تا الجزاير و مراكش را هم فتح ميكرد و به خاك يكسان ميكرد
@@nesarahmadahmadiar9354
لم يهزم المغول إلا بفضل المقاومة المصرية فقط وليس لكم فضل علينا
المماليك كانوا يعيشون في مصر من مئات السنين وكان ليس لهم وطن الا مصر إذن هم مصريين
@@دعاءمحمد-ي1ي هلاکو خان رفته بود مغولستان و با خودش تعداد زیادی از جنگجویان خودش را هم برده بود اگر خودش در جنگ عین الجالوت میبود دمار از روزگارتان در میاورد و تا مراکش پیش میرفت
The composite bow was used by both sides. it's the first time the Mongols had no advantage. ancient Egypt invented this bow and the Mongols reinvented it. And both designs converged in Ain Jalut. The technology clash was high for sure.
ancient Egypt invented this bow and the Mongols reinvented it. ---> WTF !
@@javierbenavides2669 Agreed. The composite bow was used by Mongols, Turks and Iranians.
انتاج ممتاز باستخدام الذكاء الصناعي لاعطاء صوره اكثر واقعيه للحدث وبالاعداد الحقيقيه ما يعجز عنه اويصعب على الانتاج السينمائي . بالتوفيق والنجاح الدائم
la lección q deja esto es que es muy importante mantener las formaciones en el campo de batalla y un orden en las tropas
Perhaps you could also deal with the Tartar War that took place against the Kingdom of Hungary! More than 80% of the Hungarians died (the country had to be resettled), but the dreaded Subudaj Baghatur (trainer of Genghis Khan) lost his most powerful armies there.
1223 - ''The Battle of Samara Bend, also called the Battle of Ovneshka or the Battle of Kernek, was the first battle between Volga Bulgaria and the Mongols.
To some funny Turks who say that this army was Turkish, the Mamluks were never Turks, but were of Caucasian origin, from Georgia, the Caucasus, the Balkans, and others. Secondly, Qutuz was the beginning of the Mamluks, and at that time they were just leaders and their number was less than 1500, while the entire army was from the Egyptian people themselves, because at that time half of the Egyptians converted to Islam and the other half were still Christians. Moreover, the money that had to be saved for the war was donated by the Egyptian people themselves, because at that time Qutuz declared that the state treasury was completely empty and there was not even enough money for horses, so he called on the religious men in the Egyptians to donate their money and participate in the army. It is funny to say about them that they are Turks. The Mamluks had a characteristic, which is “shame on those who return to their origins.” The Mamluks looked at their friends who wanted to return to the country they were in before their enslavement, as if this was shameful, because they saw themselves as Egyptians, and they were They come to Egypt as children under the age of 10 to be raised among its people and feel a sense of belonging to it. Stop stealing our history. The Mamluks did not accept the Ottomans, but rather fought them until their last breath and the last leader, Tuman Bay, who resisted until he was executed by the Ottomans. He did not accept their rule and preferred death rather than surrender.
Great episode as usual thank u🌷
We want the battles of Khaled bin Al-Walid
Thanks for the suggestion. Do you have any important battles in mind as examples?
@@AdituLaudisMMXXI Mu'tah war, 3000 moslem army vs 200.000 Romans. So heroic and unbelievable. All of three Moslem General were get killed, and Khalid Al Walid RA replace them. He used 9 sword until its broken in that battle.. The best War General in prophet Muhammad SAW era.
But it will be a little hard to describe it with Total War games lol. Have fun and good luck
Please the three wars fought by small Israel armies against the combined armies of Egypt, Syria and Jordan helped by the air forces of Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
@@AdituLaudisMMXXI Battle of Yarmuk would be awesome
@@mattmuslim Unrealistic...Amusing that anyone believes this, as dumb as it gets. The Romans were great soldiers, I don't doubt the Arabs were as well but not in the numbers you suggest. One against sixty....excuse me...one against 67....wouldn't stand a snowball's chance in hell. You're after fairy tales written by passionate unrealistic people.
This would be so much better with more commentary. I like watching a battle but it lost me not knowing what was going on.
Thank you for the suggestion. What would you like the extra commentary to be about? Army movements?
Interesting comment by a viewer who seems to know his stuff, "the Mongol idea of peace was submission." Sounds like the Muslim idea as well.
Muslim submit only to Allah almighty 🙏 no humans
@@nihad6831 What about Mohamed, peace be upon him?
@@TolKOZAK don't talk about something you nothing about.
@@jaismohamad1497 You are very good at Taqiyya. As you well know Islam was spread by the sword to the Kafir. As-Salamu Alaikum
@@TolKOZAK read the Sunnah Rasullallah SAW. Islam went to war to protect themselves. Christians spread Christianity through the sword.
Muito bem! Parabéns ao exército mameluco que venceu os mongóis. História fascinante! From Brazil.
His name was Baibars, and he would later become one of the greatest of all medieval Muslim leaders. Baibars forced the Mongols to flee. As they did so, they were tirelessly harried by him.
His name was Sayfuddun Quttus, Beybar was his general and later on he assasinated Sayfuddun Qutddus and took his throne
Greatest and muslims dont belong together in a sentence
@@nicolesmrekar2046 what a stupid & ignorant thing to say… im sick & tired of how ignorant people like yourself think they got everything understood.
@@nicolesmrekar2046 cope and seethe
@@nicolesmrekar2046 yes... Muslim are Beyond 'Greatest' word.
At that time, the Mamluks were headed by Sayfutdin Kutuz from the Khorezmshah family. Son Sister of Sultan Jalal ad-Din
هذه ليست سوى خرافة ليست لها اى اساس من الصحة كتبها البعض كاساطير فقط
When Muslims Unite, Nothing can stop them. they become a super power
The throat singing is a nice touch.
Gracias por tenerlo con subtítulos en español. Buen documental por la narración, las imágenes si me parecieron confusas a través de todo el video, no pude comprenderlas pero muy amena la narración.
Hiç bir savaşta yenilmemiş Atam büyük Türk Baybars Kağanın ruhu şad olsun. Kölelik ve Ömür boyu teslim olmak onun kanında genlerinde yoktur. Seni çok seviyorum. O yüzden çocuklarımızın isimlerine senin isminide veriyoruz 🇹🇷🍀
@@aslhanozcelik7253 چی میگی دختر؟؟
To some funny Turks who say that this army was Turkish, the Mamluks were never Turks, but were of Caucasian origin, from Georgia, the Caucasus, the Balkans, and others. Secondly, Qutuz was the beginning of the Mamluks, and at that time they were just leaders and their number was less than 1500, while the entire army was from the Egyptian people themselves, because at that time half of the Egyptians converted to Islam and the other half were still Christians. Moreover, the money that had to be saved for the war was donated by the Egyptian people themselves, because at that time Qutuz declared that the state treasury was completely empty and there was not even enough money for horses, so he called on the religious men in the Egyptians to donate their money and participate in the army. It is funny to say about them that they are Turks. The Mamluks had a characteristic, which is “shame on those who return to their origins.” The Mamluks looked at their friends who wanted to return to the country they were in before their enslavement, as if this was shameful, because they saw themselves as Egyptians, and they were They come to Egypt as children under the age of 10 to be raised among its people and feel a sense of belonging to it. Stop stealing our history. The Mamluks did not accept the Ottomans, but rather fought them until their last breath and the last leader, Tuman Bay, who resisted until he was executed by the Ottomans. He did not accept their rule and preferred death rather than surrender.
Mongol are very amazing and fascinating warriors.
@LonelyWolf I think, that's a very narrow way to see them. I think, it will be better to see them in all perspective, for example in military technology like their bow and stirrup, very advance and effective at that time. No one knows when the stirrup was first invented, but it was a boon to any military that used it. Even the simplest of stirrups, a leather loop, let mounted soldiers ride longer distances and stay mounted on their horses during battle. The military success of the forebears of the Cossacks is often attributed to two loops of leather. Same with the Goths and the Huns. Some believe the stirrup even shifted the balance of power in Europe from foot soldiers to mounted knights, dubbed the "armored tanks" of the medieval world by historian Roman Johann.
The Mongols took things further. Historians think they not only had leather stirrups, but metal ones as well. In 2016, archaeologists at the Center of Cultural Heritage of Mongolia unearthed the remains of a Mongolian woman dating back to the 10th century AD. Along with sturdy leather boots and some changes of clothes, she was buried with a saddle and metal stirrups described as in such good condition that they could still be used today. The stirrups are one continuous thick piece of metal with an open loop for a saddle strap on the top and a wide, flattened, and slightly rounded foot rest. The stirrups had to be comfortable and tough, because Mongols used them to ride in a way no one else rode.
A general of the Song Dynasty (960-1279) described the Mongols riding long distances standing up in the saddle, with "the main weight of the body upon the calves or lower part of the leg with some weight upon the feet and ankles." The stirrups were meant to keep the rider centered and upright in even the most tumultuous situation. They hung from a saddle that was made of wood and had a high back and front. These, supplemented with endless hours of practice, gave a Mongol rider unprecedented stability. The rider could maintain hands-free balance on the horse while the horse twisted and turned and while the rider himself turned in the saddle. A fluidly mobile rider could then use his hands to fire arrows in any direction as he rode.
@@borneandayak6725 they probally learn that from china since they defeated China empire back then maybe they hire a chinese engineers to make the weapon and tech
Thanks for the video.This was an important battle but not the Mongol's first defeat- The battle of Parwan a generation before.
This was a total defeat for the Mongols and a psychological one as well. Only 7000 survived. They never expected to be defeated by Kutuz's army. Although the video mentions only Mamluks, the make up of the Egyptian army consisted of mostly Egyptians and a few thousands Mamluks. Not to detract from their unquestionable valor. The two armies were matched at approximately 20 thousand men each. The Mamluks mostly mounted on horseback. The tactic used by the Mongols which was to attack and then use false retreats was used successfully by Baibars which threw the Mongols off. They were drawn after a number of these attacks to the outskirts of the forested area where the infantry was waiting. One major weapon used at this battle was the canon...Egypt had harnessed black powder as a weapon of war. These canons were rudimentary but had a frightening effect on the Mongols. This use of canon preceded the introduction of black powder to Europe some seventy years later by Marco Polo upon his return from China where black powder was used for fireworks and other spectacular displays but it had not been harnessed by the Chinese as a weapon of war or the Mongols would have used canons and not been so disoriented and frightened by their effect with very basic projectiles. Their noise and the smoke they created had a marked effect. The word used in Egypt for canon was and still is to this day "madfaa". Powder in Arabic is "baroud" which evolved into poudre in French, powder in English etc...the term "baroud" (powder) was used by the French until the late 19th century when a ship's powder keg (anecdotelly called "la sainte barbe", the holy beard...) took fire and exploded; the expression was then called: " un baroud d'honneur". This battle was so decisive that it prevented the Mongols advance to the Middle East as well as North Africa and it considerably weakened the Mongols who until then had not suffered a major defeat. There were four Mongol messengers sent to Cairo who used a threatening and insulting letter from Kitbuka to intimidate the Egyptians into surrender. Contrary to conventional behavior where one doesn't kill the messenger, they were beheaded and their heads hung at "Bab El Zwela" the Zwela Portal or the Zwela door...A portal still in existence, intact to this day in Old Cairo where a portion of the army left the Cairo Citadel built by Salah El Din (Saladin) through that portal en route to Ein Jalout. On their way the crusaders did not interfere with the Egyptian army which had safe passage. They also considered the Mongols as a problem particularly after the pope at the time declared them enemies. Kitbuka was killed at that battle at the hands of a Mamluk by the name of "Galal El Din El Shamsy". ( pronounced Jalal in other parts of the Middle East ) Just a snippet of history for this very famous battle.
Great video my friend!!!
Thank you! Cheers!
Great work, both of the makers of this video, and of the Arabs that defeated the Mongols in 1260!
not arab they are kıpchak turks. you can browse in internet
ONLARI DURDURAN TÜRKLER... İYİ ANLAMAMIŞSIN..
@@Nebulavisليس ترك أو عرب كانوا مصريين الجند كانوا مصريين
مؤرخ جنكيز خان ذكر وقال تقابلنا مع الجيش المصري ولم يقل العربي او التركي
@@دعاءمحمد-ي1ي عندما دخل المغول مصر لم يكن هناك جنكيز خان بل كان هناك حفيده هولاكو وقد عاش جنكيز خان قبله بكثير كما أن كل المصادر العربية مثل المقريزي بن خلدون بن السر تذكر أن المماليك كانوا من الأتراك وتشير المصادر المصرية إلى دولة المماليك بـ "إد دولتود تركية"
The most interesting thing is that on the side of the Mongols the Mongols themselves had no more than a hundred warriors. The bulk of the army consisted of Armenians, Persians, Turks, Khorezmians, Syrians, Tatars and others.
idk were did you get that but the army was fully mongols exept some few georgians and arminians auxillaries who could not be more than few thousands
The numbers of fighting men is more like 15,000 vs 30,000 as Helugu returns to Mongolia with the bulk of Mongol army for the succession of Great Khan.
I don't know where they got that approx. There may have been 20 - 20 thousand, when it is known from contemporary sources and modern calculations that the fight was between completely unequal parties. The Mongol force consisted of a maximum of 15,000 men, while the Mamluk army reached 40,000 men. Even in spite of the serious mameluk's superior strength, the bar vibrated for a good part of the battle. Twice as many, not because they couldn't handle the Mongols, but because they were about to lose, they retreated, and the appearance of an additional 10,000 reserve at the end of the battle turned the already doomed battle in favor of the Mamluks. So it is not the brave Mameluk standing in 1:1 but the approx. The Mamluk outnumbered by 2.5 times won the battle. And there is no glorious act in this. That is, to win with a 2.5 times overpower. There is nothing to be proud of when they almost lost 30,000 against 15,000. The 10,000 plus reserve army saved the Mamluks from falling.
Imagine, a country of slaves who fought for their freedom then threatened by another who want enslave and/or kill them. its literal liberty or death. This is surely triumph worthy of legend
Спасибо большое арабам за победу над монголами: иначе сегодня население всего мира было бы жёлтым и с узкими глазами. Так как азиатские гены самые сильные на планете.
@@Maxim_Loengreen1. Asia is diverse, Asia is not just those with slanted eyes, Asia has many ethnicities, in West Asia there are (Arabs, Persians, caucASIANS, etc.,), in South Asia there are (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, etc.) In Central Asia there are (Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, etc.) in Southeast Asia there are (Malay, Austronesian etc.) Moreover, the region first known as Asia was Anatolia and Persia, what was previously known as Asia was the Anatolian and Persian people, not the Mongols.
@@zaynmahir3416Спасибо за мини-лекцию. Но я хорошо знаю и историю и географию. В примитивных экскурсах не нуждаюсь.По-вашему монголы- европейцы!??
The loss against the Mamluks did not stop the Mongols nor did it change history. Mongols downfall was their empire splitting into four empires and fighting among themselves was what brought them down. Mongols didn't even send a full scale army against the Mamluks. They were busy fighting China. The defeat against the Mamluks didn't even scratch or put a dent in the Mongol Empire.
نهاية كل امبراطوريه هيه الصراعات الداخليه لذا هم هزمو وتفككو وانتهت امبراطوريتهم في عهد ذروتها
@user-kt4oq4zw6u The mongol empire started to have internal issues after the death of Ogodei Khan. They started to divide in the 1250s. By 1259, Ilkhanate was established, which is a divided Mongol empire in the Middle East region. The battle with the Mamluks started in 1260. The Mamluks defeated a weakened smaller fracture Ilkhanate, not the whole United Mongol Empire
في ضل ضعف الدول الاسلاميه هزمت الدوله العباسيه وهل الإمبراطورية المغوليه امبراطوريه ساحقه ام انها ضهرات في زمن كان فيه كلن من العالم في ضعف ولاكن لكل امبراطوريه نهايه وأخذت الإمبراطورية المغوليه نصيبها من هذا العالم ولم تستطع ان تتحمل فوق طاقتها ولاكن دوله المماليك انتصرت لأنها تركت في اوساط المغول اكبر مشاكل وانت ادرا لان نظامهم كان اتباع رجل وليس تأسيس دوله ذات نظام
@@اسامهاليافعي-ل4ب If the Mongol empire did not divide and fought eachother, you Mamluks would be a walk in the park. You guys would stood no chance. Ilkhanate was busy fighting Chagatai Khanate and the Golden Horde most of the time. They were bigger threats than Mamluks
@@James-sn5mg ياصديقي حتى وان هزمت المغول الدوله المملوكيه فلن تتحمل ولكل امبراطوريه ذروتها في السيطره وكانت الإمبراطورية المغوليه ذروتها في عهد مؤسسها اي انه اذا مات تبد الانقسامات وتنتهي حتى تصل إلى حجمها الطبيعي والدوله المغوليه ضهرت بقوه وهزمت بقوه وانتهت وبضل فتوحات الدوله العباسيه الاسلاميه ذات نضام تركت اثر لان يغيره الزمن ولا المغول ياصديقي
As it is in our hands, the uniforms should (better to) be clearly different. So one can understand the whole scenario. Generals and Kings should be visible. Good video, but could be more better. 👍👍
Thanks for showing the history ....👌👍👍
My pleasure
Excellent video
Thank you very much!
Through out History, there's really only been one army that's ever really conquered the middle east and united it with Europe, and that's Alexander the Great with his Greek army.
They are said to be very lucky.
The Mongols entered the battle with a very small force.
If the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire had not died and attacked with the main force, it would have been conquered.
If Khalid Al Walid still alive
If but and maybes doesn't work because the mongols returned and fight against many times and were defeated everytime just acknowledge that the mamluks knew their tactics
@@CpTnot No, I read that the Mongols did not visit again. Because the area has turned into a useless place. Just desert. The Mongols, on the other hand, established the Il Khanate Empire centered in Iran. This is true.
Ótima história e grato pelo excelente subtitulo em português!
Thank you! Cheers!
É um grande feito dos nossos amigos muçulmanos, caro Joel!
Not in israel, it was in PALESTINE... 😊
Fascinating content. Thanks.
Glad you enjoyed it!
Watching this reenactment looks like it would be fun to do battle . In reality it probably would not be , especially if your side lost or even if it didn't . The pain , the blood , the anxiety , the fear and the realization that you may soon die .
I can tell you’re a wimp by reading your comment stay at home sunshine
Me gusta mucho como reproducen las batallas ademas de ser muy entretenido es bastante educativo
Thanks, happy you liked it
I'm convinced if Attila was born 250 years more late, the Arabic armies that destroyed both the Roman and Sassanid empires would absolutely crush them.
Especially when you consider that they rarely lost single combat battles before combat, and the Huns also participated in traditional single combats before two armies fought.
To clarify, when the armies are standing across from each other ready to do battle, it was tradition in both the Hunnic and Arab/Early Islamic cultures to send forth a champion to perform single combat before the battle, in full view of both armies. Waiting to see who wins.
The Arabs, when they had everything, relaxed with the slave girls
And they trained the slaves who got them from the battles to kill and kill only, and among them were these Mamluks (slaves)
The leaders of Egypt did not find Arabs ready to lead the fight, all of them were luxurious, so they freed the Mamluks (slaves) and made them the leaders of the battles, because the leaders must be free Arabs.
The Arabs have caused the loss of their kingdoms with these stupid policies of comfort and luxury, and the recruitment of slaves to protect the state. The freed slaves have become leading them, as you see.
You are deluding urself.
Arabs were unable of conquer the khazars, who were too steppe nomads.
@@adamnesico that has more to do with circumstances than just sheer belief and skill at violence. As with most conflicts.
@@adamnesico Arabs with khaleed bin waleed would ve made a joke out of Attila.
You are missing one most important point here - Spirituality and Divine help !! Complete trust in Allah God Almighty. Man and weapons are important in a war, but God's help is more important. The recent case in point is Taliban vs US.
Then, on 3 September 1260, the Mongol forces met the army of the Egyptian Mamluks at the Spring of Goliath ('Ayn Jaliit) north of Jerusalem. The Mongol army contained a large admixture of Turks. The ethnic composition of the Mamluk army was very similar, in that it was mostly recruited from Turkish and Caucasian slaves, who had been purchased, trained and emancipated, whence the name: mamluk, 'possessed'.
Spuler, B. (1977). The disintegration of the caliphate in the east. In P. Holt, A. Lambton, & B. Lewis (Eds.), The Cambridge History of Islam (The Cambridge History of Islam, pp. 141-174). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Did you know that the number of Mamluks at the time was only 1500, and most of the army was Egyptian and even many princes participated. Even the Egyptian Christians and Mamluks recognized themselves as Egyptians, even their state was called the Egyptian Sultanate
To everyone who believes that the Mamluks were Turks at that time, their number was less than 1,500 people, and most of the army was Egyptian, and even many princes were Egyptians. Egyptian Christians also participated, and most of the government was Egyptian. It's like the Austrians fought for Germany in World War II because Hitler was Austria, or that Napoleon was not French because he was from Italy, or that the Russian Tsar was not Russian because he was from Germany
@@ahmadfathy7994 🤓🤓🤓
@ahmadfathy7994 don't forget 1 turk is equivalent to 50 even if that's the case
@@ahmadfathy7994 Devletin ismi Türk devleti anlamına gelen Dawlar-at Turk sen hala neden bahsediyorsun? Bölge mısır olduğu için tabiki mısırlı olacaklar ancak devlet erkanı ve ordu ileri gelenleri Türk ve kafkas kökenli. Savaş jargonu ve taktikleri Türk-Moğol taktikleri.
Actually, it was good to see the Mongols pushed back and free the area of their presence. All they ever did was destroy the peoples there.
Awesome video! This is the battle that saved Egypt, and quite possibly the rest of Africa, from being conquered by the Mongols. As for future videos, here are a few suggestions:
Total War: Attila
1. Battle of Adrianople (378 C.E.)
2. Vandals vs Picts
3. Sack of Aquileia (452 C.E.)
4. Ostrogoths vs Himyar
Total War: Rome II
1. Battle of Watling Street (61 C.E.)
2. Odrysian Kingdom vs Lusitani
3. Battle of the Sabis (57 B.C.E.)
4. Carthage vs Royal Scythia
Piggybanking off your comment to add more suggestions.
Total War: Attila
1. Battle of Yarmuk (636)
2. Battle of the chains (633)
3. Battle of Pelagonia (1259)
Total War: Rome II
1. Epirus vs Sparta
2. Rome vs Selucids
3. Kush vs Rome
Total war: Napoleon
1. Crossing of the duna (1701) [great northern war]
2. Second Battle of Tannenberg (1914)
3. Battle of Hill 60 (1919) [Gallipoli campaign]
The ww1 ones can be done with the "great war" mod for napoleon, the first 2 suggestions can be done in "634" mod for attila, the 3rd suggestion for attila can be done in the "1212" mod. The rest can be done in vanilla for their respective games.
I don't know if all of africa would have fallen. Central africa had a jungle type environment, which was known to ruin the mongol bows as seen in india.
Furthermore the supply lines of the mongols would have been stretched way too far, even if it was the yuan era mongols with larger fleets.
Furthermore every quadrant of africa fights completely differently.
The east africans (somalis, ethiopians, nilotes, etc.) fought at night a lot and used mainly guerilla style tactics and other unknown tactics to the mongols, and were very good archers in their own right.
Other groups used completely different tactics that would require constant adaptation from the mongols.
Combining all these, I doubt the mongols could take over much of africa. Too much to lose, too hard to properly plan, too many varying fighting styles.
I would envision a similar scenario to alexander the great's conquest ending, they would probably turn back willingly due to many factors.
Not Africa, maybe they capture Egypt only
I enjoyed very much this video about this crucial battle. Very well made. Thanks and good luck 🍀 with your work.
Thank you very much!
Please treat the next video as the Battle of Sarhu, a war for supremacy between the Ming and Joseon allied forces and the Qing Dynasty. This is an incident in which Emperor Nurhachi of Qing stopped 100,000 of the Joseon Allied Forces with 8,000 cavalry. Admiral Yujeong of the Ming Dynasty and Kang Hong-rip, the commander of Joseon, are the main characters. Other generals include Kim Eung-ha, Moon Hee-seong, Yang Ho, and Du Song.
The issue is that the games largely ignore china. The only games where people got china in were three kingdoms and shogun II, though the mods for the latter weren't too great for china.
I hope they make a sequel to total war empire that includes more of asia and africa.
The qing are so underrated because many people support the ming before them, and the different groups after them. The qing did a lot of stuff worth mentioning, and they were a very powerful nation.
They are treated by the west like the ottomans, their great beginning is ignored only to focus on their end which is unfair.
Great info, thanks!
Props to Qutuz for saving that left flank because knowing how skilled the Mongols were in flanking and riding if that left flank collapsed it was going to be game over
Wonder if the size of the Arabian horse was relevant as well as the weather as it is believed that the Mongols struggled in warmer climates. Great video!
Arab horses were not particularly big or heavy. But they were extremely fast, endurant and had excellent manoeuvrability.
Memlükler Arap değil TÜRK tür...!
@@yavuzistann “Mamluks are not Arabs, they are Turks...!”
What does it matter…?
I’m referring to their horses. I imagine the Egyptian Mamluks fought the battle of Ain Jalut on Arabian horses which almost doubled in weight compared to the Mongolian Horses. Though I would assume that the Mongols would have acquired, through conquest, a more magnificent beast of battle and would have been riding as large a horse as the Mamluks.
@@yavuzistann “Memlûkler Arap değil, Türk'tür...!”
Ne önemi var…?
Atlarından bahsediyorum. Mısırlı Memlüklerin, Moğol Atlarının neredeyse iki katı ağırlığındaki Arap atlarıyla Ayn Calut savaşında savaştıklarını hayal ediyorum. Yine de Moğolların fetih yoluyla daha görkemli bir savaş hayvanı elde edeceklerini ve Memlükler kadar irilikte bir ata bineceklerini varsayıyorum.
Umarım Google Çeviri düzgün bir çeviri yapar
Interesting!
I may have been misinformed about the history of this battle. I was led to believe that the Mamluk army was much larger.
Mongol army was larger than the mameluk one's because half of the Egyptian army stayed in the north of Egypt watching the borders of the surrounding delta and Alexandria; from an eventual invasion from the crusaders via the Mediterrane sea. Also, only an army of 18,000 can be supplied by weapons, food, water, etc. in the desert of Sinai and Palestine.
Because it was. During the war majority the Mongolia went to their home. Left only 10k soldier. Later they fought several times but won only 1 time because they already fighting in civil.
@@MrLehssanExatamente: PALESTINA, e não Israel... ou ISRAHELL 😅
The Mongols preferred way of fighting was archers on horse back giving them great mobility and their skill level was without peers allowing them to win their battles. Until this one, fought in a traditional way and in the end not suiting them leading to their defeat.
they lost prior to that battle against the Afghans in the battle of parwan
Mongol leader returned home before the battle that’s why they lost.
@@koordrozita7236 Kitbuka was the leader and he was killed at Ein Jalout. The leader who died was not in the Middle East and many went back to Central Asia for his funeral. He had nothing to do with this battle. There are always people like you trying to take credit away. Typical :)))
@@paulhomsy2751 Кетбуга тюркский воин. Не монгол.
@@paulhomsy2751 يا اخي فهمنا شو انك منجولي يعني حتى عمتدافع