אני לא מבין למה לא אנחנו לא לומדים את זה בבת ספר, זה ממש מדהים כמה אנחנו לא מודעים להיסטוריה של עצמנו, גם העובדה שהערוץ הזה לא יותר מצליח די מפליאה אותי.
@@SamAronowזה משתנה מבית ספר לבית ספר ומאד נתון להחלטות של המורים אבל מה שאני למדתי, ונכון לגבי באופן כללי להרבה תיכונים, זנ מאד בכלליות ומאד בשטחיות את תקופת בית שני, קצת על מרד המכבים קצת על הורדוס והמרד הגדול, קצת על מלחמת העצמאות והקמת המדינה ועל השואה, מניסיוני רק את השואה מלמדים מספיק לפרטים. האמת היא שרק כשהתחלתי לראות את הסרטונים שלך הבנתי כמה אנחנו מפספסים, אז תמשיך ככה
that's why it's important to like, subscribe, and share this channel when there is a vacuum of knowledge, that's when people start rewriting history... Especially important now, because I think it's important to reanalyze a lot of old data. In nearly every field of study, there are constant revisions and "paradigm shifts" and the same can be said of archaeology and anthropology the field of genetics has also been a treasure trove in corroborating historical migration patterns.
אני לא יכול להגיד מה לומדים לאורך כל הארבע שנים, כי באמצע כיתה י' עברתי לישיבה חרדית אז לא השלמתי את הבגרות שלי בבית הספר. אבל בכיתה ט' למדנו על כל התקופה מאלכסנדר מוקדון עד לחורבן הבית, אז את זה הספקתי עוד ללמוד. אני יכול להגיד לך- למדנו הכול מלמעלה. פשוט על האימפריות ומתי ארץ ישראל החליפה ידיים ובידי מי. קצת העמקנו יותר בהורדוס, אבל ירדנו לפרטים רק במרד הגדול. וזהו. לא נראה לי נגענו בכלל במרד בר כוכבא וכו'. בכל מקרה, אחרי זה בכיתה י' למדנו על הנאורות והמנציפציה, אבל פה כבר עברתי לישיבה חרדית.. אז לא זכיתי לסיים את הנושא וללמוד את שאר הנושאים. (אגב, למי שסקרן, אני כבר לא בישיבה חרדית, עזבתי אחרי שנתיים וחצי. עכשיו לפני גיוס p; )
Great that you're using the I, Claudius theme at the end! The snake slithering across the mosaics! The best series that was ever on Masterpiece Theater!
I love that exile to spain is a common thing for Judan and Judean elite/nobility they are literally being sent to the farest end of the world that is conceivably able to be traveled to.
That owl story's a great one, and I always loved reading it in both the sources, and in fiction (thank you, Robert Graves!). I'm sad you didn't talk about Tiberius' famous (infamous?) villa! That's a fun story too! So much Deus, so many machinae. I wonder how much of this is accurate, and how much is just a tale full of sound and fury. But whatever it may be, your presentation of it is always awesome, and I love your channel!
These videos are great- I had no idea the history of Judea was so well-documented! I really hope your channel blows up! Do you plan to make videos on the history of diaspora Jews?
I love these videos...much like History Civilis..but these move a little fast and when Sam flashes on to emphasize and the pictures of the people are good, but it breaks my train of thought to absorb what's happening. If I may, suggest that you stick to the running map overheads with the dots for longer, more often. All the flashing around doesn't give one time to keep up. Lol. But I love it. Great stuff..want more! Fills in details of the Bible writings in set and scenario wonderfully. Thank you!
i know it's been more than a year since this video come out but this is still my favorite episode in your channel (second probably being the Mimonidies episode)
If we believe Seutonius via Robert Graves, Augustus' chosen successors were mostly poisoned by his wife and Tiberius' biological mother, Livia Drusilla (which I swear is where David Chase got the name for Tony Soprano's filicidal mother). She eventually poisoned Augustus ("don't touch the figs")
Thank you for posting this! Been trying to figure out what the beautiful music was. And now thanks to the great storytelling from the channel, I have a set of emotional stories to connect the music to
נהדר נהדר נהדר! אתה צריך תוכנית ב"כאן". שאלה לא קשורה: הראת בעבר שאת האיור של המלכה שלומציון עשית בעצמך כשציירת חברה. עשית את זה גם לאגריפס פה? כי הוא נראה יחסית כמו אדם מודרני ולא יהודי מהמאה הראשונה לספירה 😅
I wonder if there is some possible connection between Agrippa and the parable of the Prodigal Son? A disgraced wastrel that was terrible with money who eventually returns to his father's house and is embraced.
Has anyone offered to produce transcripts of your vidos? That would allow you to insert notes citing your sources of information. There is much too much information to digest in video form (at least for an old guy like me). I'm used to getting info by text, in which form I learned to study it.
Happy I discovered your channel! As an Israeli it's weird seeing a foreigner who is in love with my country. If you'll need help with your research I'd be more than happy to help (as a native hebrew speaker I might be able to look through more material than you can). At any case, love your content sam!
During the Alexandria riots, a Greco-Egyptian writer named Apion came to prominence for his history of the Greek people, which claimed that Jewish history was an elaborate fabrication and that Jews practiced human sacrifice. His work was later lost, but not before getting picked up and embellished by Tacitus, so he’s essentially responsible for both the Blood Libel and Temple Denial. I talk about this more in my Bar Kochba video.
One reason I've heard (might be wrong) was that the Jews were the only subjects that refused to accept the Roman emperor as a deity. This was accepted by some emperors, but might be one reason.
אגב לא ידעתי שאתה חי בישראל! אחי אני לא מאמין שאתה רק 64 אלף. הסרטונים שלך הם מהאיכותיים ביוטיוב. הם מגובים במחקר מעולה ומועברים בצורה כיפית ממש. אני בולע אותם, ולומד מלא דברים בקצרה(שאני רוצה ללמוד אחרי זה גם לעומק בלי קשר. אבל זה נותן מושג וזה משהו שהיה חסר לי כלכך). והדבר שאני הכי אוהב זה שאתה באמת משתדל לשמור על ניטרליות.
Is this all in Josephus? Must be. It's a long grueling read, so I'm glad for this. People like to say Josephus is questionable, but excavation is proving him right and popular belief wrong. Like the western wall being built by Herod is common belief, hit now they know it WAS his grandson.
Not in regarde when it comes to the samaritan temple on mount Gerizim. We know, thanks to excavation, that there was a temple in the persian periode, so the temple was not as Josephus wrote constructed with the begining of the regin of Alexander the Great. Mount Gerizim had his periode of a Tempel started in the persian times. Edit: I talk about Antiquitates not about De Bello Iudaico.
lol. I had bad impression on Agrippa becoz he was spoiled rich kid in his early years, when you told of them. But, by the End, it is literally like he is guided by . . . . . Fate/ Destiny to be the savior, as long as he lives. A living miracle, perhaps.
A Client state is not really independent. Herodes the great was Rex amicus et socius populi Romani, yes but he got the titel first and then the Land by thecwill of Rome just like every Heordian after him.
Queen Helena of Adiabene was married to King Abgarus of Edessa. So she was the Queen of Edessa. The famine relief was taken from King Agabus (Abgarus) by Saul and Barnabas. (See Acts 11:28) So Saul (St Paul), was the ambassador of Edessa. So why does Joseph and the gospels, never mention Edessa and their monarchy? Answer, because Jesus was strongly linked to this monarchy, which is why he was known as the King of the Jews, (hint: Queen Helena was the Queen of the Jews) R
10/10 confusing title of video/ agrippa i was last king of country judea/intestine king/ but his son agrippa ii was last king of jews before whom st paul appeared in court
its almost inconsqueital i feel.. in the lull after Jesus had ""gone"" (and rose again.. and sits at the right hand of the Father... in that grey space... i bet it felt ati climactic maybe.. maybe if so then hence.. its historic relative un-known ?
Only as long as he was alive. Unless he could make it to the Year of Four Emperors. Can you imagine an independent Judea *allied* with Vespasian in 69?
@@SamAronow If Jerusalem and the Temple were not sacked, the entirety of Jewish history, Christian history, and possibly that of the entire world might have been significantly different. If only Agrippa had less useless kidneys.
@@x999uuu1 do you think the uk is anti-jewish? after all they are the ones that gave you israel and fought hitler and saved the jewsh people during ww2 or are they also anti-semitic?
@@marcuscaines9168 the uk as a whole? No. Plenty of people like jews there. In fact i dont think any european country today is antisemitic as a whole nor did i imply so. My point was that the OP was implying that a rise in antisemtism in europe today is coming primarily from arab immigrants but i disagree as its always existed in europe in some form since forever for a variety of reasons and from a variety of actors. And that most anti-Semitic violence in modern europe comes from hardline nationalistic groups and ideologies who also tend to dislike arabs
@@x999uuu1 but you implied that anti-semitism is strictly a western thing? even though islam has had its own moments of disciminating jews and other minorities too. even modern day isreal is not without racist people especially othodox jews can be very closed minded and conservative.
Pretty sure he meant gone from the earth, Jesus ascended. Whether one believes in Jesus or not , it is true that he no longer walks the earth as a human
The narrator doesn't know how to pronounce aedile or Sejanus. Neither of which are at all obscure. It's like someone narrating a US politics video who didn't know how to say governor or Kennedy. How much credence would you give to such a narrator? Would you instantly know they were absolute beginners, concerning US politics?
אני לא מבין למה לא אנחנו לא לומדים את זה בבת ספר, זה ממש מדהים כמה אנחנו לא מודעים להיסטוריה של עצמנו, גם העובדה שהערוץ הזה לא יותר מצליח די מפליאה אותי.
אני סקרן לדעת מה הם מלמדים בהיסטוריה כאן. עליתי כמבוגר אז זה כתם עיוור גדול (וברור שגם אני לא למדתי את זה בבית הספר).
@@SamAronowזה משתנה מבית ספר לבית ספר ומאד נתון להחלטות של המורים אבל מה שאני למדתי, ונכון לגבי באופן כללי להרבה תיכונים, זנ מאד בכלליות ומאד בשטחיות את תקופת בית שני, קצת על מרד המכבים קצת על הורדוס והמרד הגדול, קצת על מלחמת העצמאות והקמת המדינה ועל השואה, מניסיוני רק את השואה מלמדים מספיק לפרטים.
האמת היא שרק כשהתחלתי לראות את הסרטונים שלך הבנתי כמה אנחנו מפספסים, אז תמשיך ככה
that's why it's important to like, subscribe, and share this channel
when there is a vacuum of knowledge, that's when people start rewriting history...
Especially important now, because I think it's important to reanalyze a lot of old data. In nearly every field of study, there are constant revisions and "paradigm shifts" and the same can be said of archaeology and anthropology
the field of genetics has also been a treasure trove in corroborating historical migration patterns.
I don't get it either.
אני לא יכול להגיד מה לומדים לאורך כל הארבע שנים, כי באמצע כיתה י' עברתי לישיבה חרדית אז לא השלמתי את הבגרות שלי בבית הספר.
אבל בכיתה ט' למדנו על כל התקופה מאלכסנדר מוקדון עד לחורבן הבית, אז את זה הספקתי עוד ללמוד.
אני יכול להגיד לך- למדנו הכול מלמעלה. פשוט על האימפריות ומתי ארץ ישראל החליפה ידיים ובידי מי. קצת העמקנו יותר בהורדוס, אבל ירדנו לפרטים רק במרד הגדול. וזהו. לא נראה לי נגענו בכלל במרד בר כוכבא וכו'.
בכל מקרה, אחרי זה בכיתה י' למדנו על הנאורות והמנציפציה, אבל פה כבר עברתי לישיבה חרדית.. אז לא זכיתי לסיים את הנושא וללמוד את שאר הנושאים.
(אגב, למי שסקרן, אני כבר לא בישיבה חרדית, עזבתי אחרי שנתיים וחצי. עכשיו לפני גיוס p; )
Love it that you use the music from "I Claudius" where Agrippa was depicted as Claudius's long time friend.
Loved the "I Claudius" theme at the end.
hmmm. Sejanus looks a bit like Patrick Stewart. I Claudius fan?
The outro music gives it away too...
Great that you're using the I, Claudius theme at the end! The snake slithering across the mosaics! The best series that was ever on Masterpiece Theater!
Yes I, Claudius thank you Paul I was racking my brain trying to remember where I knew that TV theme song from.
That explains why, when Paul spoke to Agrippa, he referred to him as "king Agrippa".
Nicely spotted
You used Patrick Stewart as Sejanus, I love "I, Claudius."
Dude, how do you have less than 20 million subscribers lol. This is awesome.
I love that exile to spain is a common thing for Judan and Judean elite/nobility they are literally being sent to the farest end of the world that is conceivably able to be traveled to.
That owl story's a great one, and I always loved reading it in both the sources, and in fiction (thank you, Robert Graves!). I'm sad you didn't talk about Tiberius' famous (infamous?) villa! That's a fun story too!
So much Deus, so many machinae. I wonder how much of this is accurate, and how much is just a tale full of sound and fury. But whatever it may be, your presentation of it is always awesome, and I love your channel!
Agrippa II looks like Jake Gyllenhaal jajaja.
I'm loving your channel!
These videos are great- I had no idea the history of Judea was so well-documented! I really hope your channel blows up! Do you plan to make videos on the history of diaspora Jews?
It is. You have to read Flavius Josephus, impressive
I love these videos...much like History Civilis..but these move a little fast and when Sam flashes on to emphasize and the pictures of the people are good, but it breaks my train of thought to absorb what's happening. If I may, suggest that you stick to the running map overheads with the dots for longer, more often. All the flashing around doesn't give one time to keep up. Lol. But I love it. Great stuff..want more! Fills in details of the Bible writings in set and scenario wonderfully. Thank you!
i know it's been more than a year since this video come out but this is still my favorite episode in your channel (second probably being the Mimonidies episode)
Nice touch using the I,Claudius theme music at the end. Wonder how many people still remember that (amazing) series.
If we believe Seutonius via Robert Graves, Augustus' chosen successors were mostly poisoned by his wife and Tiberius' biological mother, Livia Drusilla (which I swear is where David Chase got the name for Tony Soprano's filicidal mother). She eventually poisoned Augustus ("don't touch the figs")
Nice use of the Shostakovich - Waltz No. 2 background music!
Also, the Vaughan-Williams - Fantasia On A Theme By Thomas Tallis! Exquisite!
Thank you so much for sharing these! Its so great to be able to listen to Fantasia now that I know how its called!
Thank you for posting this! Been trying to figure out what the beautiful music was. And now thanks to the great storytelling from the channel, I have a set of emotional stories to connect the music to
Awesome stuff, love these history videos especially, keep up the great work!
Agrippa's life would make a good Wes anderson flick
I second this. Someone please petition Wes Anderson to make a movie set in Judea.
The soundtrack of these videos are unbelievably good..feels like so much subtext.
I just found your channel. These videos are AMAZING. These fill in so many holes in my understanding of Jewish history. Thank you so much.
I love your videos - the only complaint I have is I want them to be longer!!
נהדר נהדר נהדר! אתה צריך תוכנית ב"כאן".
שאלה לא קשורה: הראת בעבר שאת האיור של המלכה שלומציון עשית בעצמך כשציירת חברה. עשית את זה גם לאגריפס פה? כי הוא נראה יחסית כמו אדם מודרני ולא יהודי מהמאה הראשונה לספירה 😅
אגריפס מאוייר פה כמו הדמות שלו ב"אני קלאודיוס", העיקר שאני מגיב שנתיים אחרי חחחחחח
Agrippa seemed to fit the role of Messiah more than Jesus ever did.
Jesus will not save you. Call Agrippa.
I love that Sejanus is just fully Patrick Stewart
I wonder if there is some possible connection between Agrippa and the parable of the Prodigal Son? A disgraced wastrel that was terrible with money who eventually returns to his father's house and is embraced.
11:01 at least it's not the ptolemies
Exactly my thoughts
I wonder if Postumus got a "posthumous" honor after his death.
Has anyone offered to produce transcripts of your vidos? That would allow you to insert notes citing your sources of information. There is much too much information to digest in video form (at least for an old guy like me). I'm used to getting info by text, in which form I learned to study it.
what's the music's name at 5:20?
Jahzzar- "The Wrong Way"
Happy I discovered your channel!
As an Israeli it's weird seeing a foreigner who is in love with my country.
If you'll need help with your research I'd be more than happy to help (as a native hebrew speaker I might be able to look through more material than you can).
At any case, love your content sam!
אני אזרח ישראל. אם לא גרתי פה לא יכולתי לחשוב לעשות את הסרטונים האלה!
@@SamAronow אוי טעות שלי, לפי המבטא ועל פי זה שגיליתי אותך דרך J.J. הייתי בטוח אתה קנדי. עשית עליה?
Yukirby עליתי מארה"ב. אני מכיר את ג׳יי ג׳יי ממפגש בישראל.
The I, Claudius Theme at the end is awesome
Thank you for this most intriguing history.
Loving this series! How many episodes do you plan to have?
I'd rather not say. The number changes as I write them and I additionally don't want to make any promises I can't keep.
You mentioned that Jews were not popular in the empire at the time and were hart added. What was the cause of this? When did it start?
During the Alexandria riots, a Greco-Egyptian writer named Apion came to prominence for his history of the Greek people, which claimed that Jewish history was an elaborate fabrication and that Jews practiced human sacrifice. His work was later lost, but not before getting picked up and embellished by Tacitus, so he’s essentially responsible for both the Blood Libel and Temple Denial. I talk about this more in my Bar Kochba video.
One reason I've heard (might be wrong) was that the Jews were the only subjects that refused to accept the Roman emperor as a deity. This was accepted by some emperors, but might be one reason.
Wish these were listed in historical chronological order.
אגב לא ידעתי שאתה חי בישראל! אחי אני לא מאמין שאתה רק 64 אלף. הסרטונים שלך הם מהאיכותיים ביוטיוב. הם מגובים במחקר מעולה ומועברים בצורה כיפית ממש. אני בולע אותם, ולומד מלא דברים בקצרה(שאני רוצה ללמוד אחרי זה גם לעומק בלי קשר. אבל זה נותן מושג וזה משהו שהיה חסר לי כלכך). והדבר שאני הכי אוהב זה שאתה באמת משתדל לשמור על ניטרליות.
I laughed out loud at the "I, Claudius" music at the end.
fun fact, the french stole Helena's grave and to this day they refuse to give it back, it seats in the Louvre.
A very smart political game by claudius. He put Aggripa on the judean throne and united the remained tetrachy to get it all
Is that Jake Gyllenhaals image for Agrippa II ?
I love your contents
Wow, this Agrippa sounds exactly like Herod Agrippa. Can you do a video on Gaius next?
Love the I Claudius references in these videos!
Huh! the "I Claudius" theme at the end. I feel so old now.
Didn't know Agrippa the 2nd is jake gyllenhaal!
I wonder what kind of Jewish education Agrippa had. He knew about the phrase in Sukkot, but it doesn't seem like he grew up Jewish.
great historic lesson well appreciated
Thank you.
Agrippa looks exactly like an Israeli dude working in a startup company in Tel Aviv 😭
Agrippa II was also apparently Jake Gyllenhaal? 😂
Plus Agrippa I killed one of Jesus's disciples.
Yep, James Boanerges. And possibly also Peter depending on how you read that passage...
I, Claudius Theme. Nice.
I never was a fan of history, nor Jews, but this is sooo cool 🥰 binge watching
Sam, arw you saying Bar Kokhba was not the last king of Israel?
He was not a king at all
"President of Israel".
Is this all in Josephus? Must be. It's a long grueling read, so I'm glad for this. People like to say Josephus is questionable, but excavation is proving him right and popular belief wrong. Like the western wall being built by Herod is common belief, hit now they know it WAS his grandson.
Not in regarde when it comes to the samaritan temple on mount Gerizim. We know, thanks to excavation, that there was a temple in the persian periode, so the temple was not as Josephus wrote constructed with the begining of the regin of Alexander the Great. Mount Gerizim had his periode of a Tempel started in the persian times.
Edit: I talk about Antiquitates not about De Bello Iudaico.
I finally subscribed..lol
lol. I had bad impression on Agrippa becoz he was spoiled rich kid in his early years, when you told of them.
But, by the End, it is literally like he is guided by . . . . . Fate/ Destiny to be the savior, as long as he lives. A living miracle, perhaps.
I need the music
Jajajaj cool to see the face pf Patrick Stewart as Sejanus
Had no idea that Judea became an independent nation between 37-44!
A Client state is not really independent.
Herodes the great was Rex amicus et socius populi Romani, yes but he got the titel first and then the Land by thecwill of Rome just like every Heordian after him.
Ummm I'm sure this was brought up later but why doest the son look like Jake Gyllenhaal
Who's here from JJ?
They like to call themselves the people's front of Judea
Queen Helena of Adiabene was married to King Abgarus of Edessa.
So she was the Queen of Edessa.
The famine relief was taken from King Agabus (Abgarus) by Saul and Barnabas.
(See Acts 11:28)
So Saul (St Paul), was the ambassador of Edessa.
So why does Joseph and the gospels, never mention Edessa and their monarchy?
Answer, because Jesus was strongly linked to this monarchy,
which is why he was known as the King of the Jews,
(hint: Queen Helena was the Queen of the Jews)
R
So, Agrippa was killed by his kidney failure, not eaten by a worm nor struck by an angel?
The music drowns out your words.
10:04
I'd say Israel rectified that problem :)
10/10 confusing title of video/ agrippa i was last king of country judea/intestine king/ but his son agrippa ii was last king of jews before whom st paul appeared in court
have you like ever shown an image of a Jew without blue eyes? :D
its almost inconsqueital i feel.. in the lull after Jesus had ""gone"" (and rose again.. and sits at the right hand of the Father...
in that grey space... i bet it felt ati climactic maybe.. maybe if so then hence.. its historic relative un-known
?
Agrippa II, played here by Jake Gyllenhaal
11:20 😂😂😂
I knew so little about my own history who knew!!!
Those dang tetrarchs…
You have great contents. But please exclude the cartoonic man that auddenly appears. Its a bit distracting. Thanks.
Wjere lucky that Philo of Alexandria became the famous pholosopjer amd not his brother. Else wed habe Alexander of Alexandria.
You think if he would have survived longer Judea would still be a client state
Only as long as he was alive. Unless he could make it to the Year of Four Emperors. Can you imagine an independent Judea *allied* with Vespasian in 69?
@@SamAronow If Jerusalem and the Temple were not sacked, the entirety of Jewish history, Christian history, and possibly that of the entire world might have been significantly different.
If only Agrippa had less useless kidneys.
@@a.maskil9073 Amazing to think he would have easily gotten a kidney transplant today.
@@SamAronow there ought not be kidneys giving up at 45. Was he not rather on a high oxalate diet? That is ice with lots of leaves and tubers?
Lol, nothing like being besties with the Roman Emperor.
So Jesus and Judas didn't even know each other. Go figure. (Don't know if its the same Judas, just thought it was funny.)
Agrippa=Big Head (Silicon Valley)
Huh...
John the mandaen
You mean 37-66 AD right?
What have you done to their mouths? The look like they've been demouthed by Agent Smith
This is the same Herod from the Bible stories who beheaded John the Baptist?
No. That's his nephew. Antipas beheaded John the Baptist.
Do you an opinion on the rise in antisemitism in the West as European countries seem to turn a blind eye to Muslim immigrants hate of Jews and Israel?
Dude antisemitism had always been a western thing. It's not unique to immigrants.
@@x999uuu1 He never said it was.
@@x999uuu1 do you think the uk is anti-jewish? after all they are the ones that gave you israel and fought hitler and saved the jewsh people during ww2 or are they also anti-semitic?
@@marcuscaines9168 the uk as a whole? No. Plenty of people like jews there.
In fact i dont think any european country today is antisemitic as a whole nor did i imply so.
My point was that the OP was implying that a rise in antisemtism in europe today is coming primarily from arab immigrants but i disagree as its always existed in europe in some form since forever for a variety of reasons and from a variety of actors. And that most anti-Semitic violence in modern europe comes from hardline nationalistic groups and ideologies who also tend to dislike arabs
@@x999uuu1 but you implied that anti-semitism is strictly a western thing? even though islam has had its own moments of disciminating jews and other minorities too. even modern day isreal is not without racist people especially othodox jews can be very closed minded and conservative.
I love how all these people are Caucasian and HOT !! LOL !!!
Jesus had come and gone ?
Noooo my friend. He still lives and hasnt gone anywhere and is alive forever more.
Pretty sure he meant gone from the earth, Jesus ascended.
Whether one believes in Jesus or not , it is true that he no longer walks the earth as a human
The narrator doesn't know how to pronounce aedile or Sejanus. Neither of which are at all obscure.
It's like someone narrating a US politics video who didn't know how to say governor or Kennedy.
How much credence would you give to such a narrator? Would you instantly know they were absolute beginners, concerning US politics?