The Med has filled and emptied a few times. There are huge salt deposits under the sea form where it died out last time. The deepest water is extremely briny.
No way THAT super flood from 6 million years ago would be part of the human folklore of a biblical flood. in order to be part of any cultural history it would have to be much later. Homo Sapiens didn't even exist yet, heck, Neanderthals didn't even exist yet (they only appeared 200 thousand years ago in the Pleistocene Epoch). Any event that happened 6 million years ago would not be part of any remotely human recollection. The biblical flood was opined to be about 10 thousand years ago with a meteorite or comet hitting the Atlantic ocean (i think). That's why an apocalyptic flood is part of so many ancient civilizations verbal histories.
That hilarious clip of a vehicle fleeing a megaflood? Was an animation prepared to illustrate a Missoula Flood in North America. Water acts the same everywhere, not only leaving the same physical evidence, but sometimes leaving impressions in local folk tales. Thanks for making it easier for for us to see it.
@@bauhnguefyische667 It was a deliberate choice by the animator, to demonstrate the speed of mega floods. Nick Zenter, a US geologist and professor at Central Washington University, has been revisiting Huge Floods in the Pacific Northwest of North America in the last year. There are 26 videos of live streams he made for his students during 2003-2004 on Ice Age Floods and 536 videos in total on his RUclips channel, often created for his geology students, but also for wider television audiences. I can't remember the original video where the animation plays, but once you've seen that clip, you'll remember it.
@@denisevincent4050 It’s funny you mentioned Nick Zenter, I’ve seen more than a few of his video’s over the years and always has that chalk board! Makes me wish I lived in Washington state.
@@bauhnguefyische667 Washington state has astonishingly beautiful scenery, if you don't mind living near active volcanoes, high risk landslide zones or being stuck inside during wildfire events. Setting aside geology and climate change, housing is ridiculously expensive, I suspect due to Pacific Rim oligarchs hiding their money in Western US real estate.
Being a Gibraltarian, born in Gibraltar that is and living there all my life, I really appreciate this explanation of which I was aware of, but not in such well explained detail. Thanks again. You have earned my subscription.
Fun facts 😊 The black sea is saltwater in the upperlayers, but freshwater, very poor on oxygene on the bottom There you can go down and see shipwrecks more tha 2000 years old, and they look like they sailed yesterday 😊 They do not decompose, because of the oxygen low waters😊
That's amazing. I didn't know that, so potentially there are Roman galleys etc preserved down there. Wouldn't it be amazing if one day they could be lifted to the surface.
Wikipedia says otherwise: Fresh water from the rivers does not mix or sink and so the bottom layers are more salty. But there is indeed less oxygen in the deep
Salt water is heavier than fresh, so it definitely below fresh. But its salt water through and through now, so it's the colder salt water below the warm salt water.
You were tricked, the Med is 4-5000 meters deep around Rhodos ... so this "hole" has to be filled with water "all the time". U know water always trickes down, don't U?
@@danielscallon7515 I'm not rude, i'm just telling you were tricked . That "maybe" 5000 meter deep has been there since start of terrestrial time ... and ALWAYS been filled with water - to my knowlegde 🙂
it's actually thought that most of the mega flood myths, being centered in europe, india and the middle east, came from the fact that the Mesopotemian civilisation was built around 2 rivers, The Tigris and The Euphretes, these two rivers have a history of violently and unexpectedly chaning course. So some cities back then would cease to exist as the river that was next to it was now running miles away and often cause major flooding. Humans have a tendency to turn regular cataclysms and up scale them into apocalypses, earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, disease, meteors, ect. So a civilisation plagued by farmland being flooded or drying up due to violent changes in the rivers that gave them life would in all likelyhood make a concept like a world ending flood.
The Black Sea also filled up brutally, when the Bosphorus "plug" collapsed. But contrary to the Mediterranean flood, which happened 5.33 million years ago, with no human to observe it (NO, it was NOT the biggest flood ever seen by humanity!!!) , the Black Sea flood happened ca. 7600 years ago... and flooded human fields, human habitat under tens if not hundreds of meters of water within days and weeks... (40 days maybe?😉). That event certainly traumatized those tribes... and are maybe... just maybe... the source of the Noah's Flood story! At least, it is geographically pretty much in the right place! Also, the episode during which the Mediterranean Sea was cut out from the ocean didn't last long in geological times... not millions of years, but a mere 550'000 years, roughly. It also didn't happen once, during these 550'000 years, but many times, with the sea filling, then the Gibraltar Straight closing again, then rupturing again, perhaps only partially, etc. Proof of that is the thickness of the salt deposits mentioned in the video. They just cannot have been created by the sea evaporating a single time! Tomas, it might also be worth talking of Messinian canyons (like the ones underneath Cairo, Lyon, ...) or of Messinian lakes like Laggo Maggiore.
This is the most sensible explanation of the flood myths. People in all parts of the world lived in river valleys that would inevitably experience floods which were devastating to those communities. If a world wide flood really did happen, there was no way ancient people could have known its extent beyond their local region. This guarantees that any ancient account of a worldwide flood was invented by the writer.
@@ThomasGlynnJr, Only the rise in water level in the Black Sea is undisputed by Geologists. The Black Sea deluge hypothesis, which claims this occurred in a catastrophic flood is disputed. The claim that this deluge was the origin of the Mesopotamian flood myth is pure speculation.
Love how you make it so dramatic :) The passion and humour, plus the interpretation of events here, make this video very interesting. Thank You for your efforts. -- Selangor, Malaysia
there are a lot of inaccuracies in this video. for example: structures that look like riverbeds on the bottom of oceans do exist and they get created from big rivers depositing sediment in concentrated channels sometimes for hundreds or even thousands of kilometers after they have entered the ocean.
The river canyons on the upper continental shelves formed from extension of existing rivers during glacial periods, when sea level was much lower and a much larger area of the shelf was exposed to erosion than today. Example: ("inner") Hudson Canyon, south of New York/Long Island, which is river-carved into the upper shelf. Below the continental "shelf break", as the shelf gives way to the deeper (and steeper) continental slope, the channels are carved by turbidity currents, which are episodic undersea "avalanches" of sediment mixed with seawater. They are denser than normal seawater and so flow with the slope topography and erode progressively deeper channels as they recur ("outer" Hudson Canyon, cutting into the shelf break, is again an example). Then they reach the (deeper, less steep) continental rise, spread out, and the sediment settles out. Farther out on the abyssal plain, visible features include abyssal hills (seamounts) and linear, parallel transform faults, the latter from tectonic seafloor spreading.
Oh yeah? Have you ever seen that? I mean, right up close and witnessed it? Asking for a friend. And I don’t wanna hear back from you that you and others can just tell from what you see today. What load of crap. I want photographic evidence. Like I know Mount Saint Helens exploded because I have photographic evidence.
Billions tons of sea water flowed into the basin of the Mediterranean. The sea level worldwide must be fallen after the filling of the Mediterranean sea.
Maybe like a centimeter or something. The Mediterranean is still quite small and shallow compared to the oceans, so not an easily noticeable drop I think.
A back of the envelope calculation, based on volume of surface sea water in the med (ca 0.7%) and average depth of the oceans, indicate sea level would have dropped by about 25 metres. I am surprised that the med as an inland sea would have dried up though. Plenty of long standing inland seas on the Earth's surface..
The area is quite dry though. As the climate has been fluctuating, about half the time it would have been dryer than today and half the time wetter. And when the sea wasn`t fed by the ocean, minus the humidity the sea provides. So shouldn`t be a big surprize for it to mostly dry up.@@malcolmabram2957
The Mediterranean has dried up and refilled several times over the course of millions of years. David Attenborough's book on the geology and ancient history of the Mediterranean, 'The First Eden: The Mediterranean World and Man (1987)' is worth reading.
Actually the great narrator's voice is what enhances the pleasure of watching this video...!!! It is at a comfortable pitch, NOT GRATING, and gratifying in the sense that you feel at ease thus improving understanding... It's pace is a joy to people like me whose first language is not English and its smooth, level of volume does not feel as a threat like someone trying, unnaturally excited, to sell you something and change your thought process... I can appreciate normalcy here... Thank you...!!!
The flood that likely became the one we see as a megamyth is a combination of the sea level rise that came with the end of the last ice age and the flooding of what is the Black Sea around the same time that is talked about in the Epic of Gilgamesh.
"Was this the famous mega-flood that appears across so many religions?" 0:36 Since it happened 6M years ago the answer would be no. Not unless our ancient ancestor Ardipithecus somehow invented both religion and recorded history before stone tools and mastering fire.
I follow your Uncharted Territories since about the beginning. But I never expected these Oberyn Martell vibes listening to you. Keep up the good work.
"rivers don't form under the sea" yes they do, they are a continuance of the upper land rivers, fresh water sinks and the force of the river continues to cut these beds even under water.
@@alexhajnal107 "fresh water sinks"? Fresh water by definition has less dissolved salts in it and hence it is less dense than sea water, so it would float on top of the sea water. I can not think of examples to the contrary, so I would be fascinated if you could provide some.
@@barneyhall2753 Suspended sediments can make fresh water's density higher than that of salt water; once the sediment settles out, the fresh water will mix with the surrounding salt water. The Ganges River is an example of a river with high levels of sediments that has an extensive undersea portion (the Bengal Fan) with turbidity currents (i.e. fresh water with sediment in suspension) creating channels extending 2400+ km from the shoreline.
I just read that the Bosporus flows in both directions, and that actually, the warm saline water flows in generally underneath the cool freshwater that flows out, and that people in history have been able to "catch" the inflow current by lowering objects from their boats.
@@coulie27 Both are salt water. The currents are caused by different quantity of salt in each sea. The cooler, salt heavy water flows below the warmer, less salty water above. The same happens at Gibraltar.
Water evaporation causes Gibraltar straits to flow considerably more into the Mediterranean than flows out. It almost cancels out the twice daily tides.
Excellent piece! I understood all this previously, but your video brought it all to life. And I imagined the incredible amount of life that was lost as creatures were swept away in the initial floods. Wow… Thank you for the video!
It was a major plot point in a book series by Julian May called "Saga of Pliocene Exile" published in the early 1980s. It's about a group of humans that travel into the past and live in the area where the flood later takes place.
That's why I like history much more than future projections.. because we already know what has happened .. Suspense of future projections literally kills us :)@@tomas_pueyo
Thank you. But river channels can easily form on seafloor, and even ocean floor, like the great channels by the Indus and Ganges on the bottom of the Indian Ocean. That ocean was not dry. It is done by the grains of sand and silt in the river water, which when empties by the river into the sea, they drops down to the bottom of the sea and keep going toward to the deeper and deeper places in the ocean or sea. In the process, those grains gradually dig a channel at the sea bottom. I am not saying the ones in the Mediterraneans are necessarily made that way, but rivers do cut canions/channels on the sea floors
Indeed! I learned in an oceanography course that "Turbidity currents erode the canyons [underwater canyons near the coast] and form a flowing mass of mud, sand, and even gravel that ultimately form deposits called turbidities"
I didn't know. Thanks! The scientists that looked into the Zanclean Flood use this as one of the arguments, but I might have missed a nuance. Thx for catching it!
@@tomas_pueyo Yes, unfortunately that is true. If you look at the echo-maps of the bottom of the Indian Ocean, you can clearly see thousands of mile of riverbeds, starting from the mouth of the Indus and Ganges, and meandering at the bottom of that Ocean
Is this what explains the river like ridges in the Black Sea that @Tomas_Pueyo mentions at the end of the video? I'm confused because he said those are evidence of water flowing into a basin, but then a minute later says that the Maramar Sea and Black Sea connection are too narrow for a mega flood to have occurred into the Black Sea and it is more likely the Black Sea fed the Maramar Sea
@@sgwa11 Most if not all, are naturally made that way on the seafloor. So to prove they were dryland when the rivers flowed, they need to drill into the sediment and find naturally growing roots of plants (not just burried plants, because they can be just washed in from the dry land and get burried there). None has been done to the best of my knowledge. But for the Mediterranean, the miles high salt deposits at the bottom of it is the BEST reason for that sea having dried up, dozens and dozens of times, not just once, leaving behind all the salt, then flooding, then drying up and more salt... on and on! The Black Sea and the Caspian often connected through the Manich depression, and they shared water. The Marmara barrier was actully broken up by earthquakes and the southwest movement of the Anatolian microplate. Even today, the Black Sea has two distinct layers: salty at the bottom, nearly fresh water on the top.
So glad i found this channel, this is one of the best natural science narration i have ever listened to, so passionate that i feel i was there enjoying this great historic event with a great scholar.
Subscribed. You have a great presenting style- warm friendly unique. I knew bits and pieces about this but not about the Black Sea breaking into the Marmara Sea- so that was brilliant to learn. Look forward to learning more from you.
What an absolutely perfect video. Content, visuals, soundbits and pacing. Can't remember the last time i popped into a video from a new channel only to sit through 13 minutes watching every second and feeling sad after it ended. This kind of video is what you need to do MOAR. It will reach 1M views very soon.
You are mistaken about undersea river canyons. The Monterey undersea canyon is the ancient river mouth of the Salinas river which drained all of central California prior to the current outflow out the Golden Gates. If you look off the coast of California, you will see a series of small underwater canyons all along the coast. The flat plain just off the cost defines the ancient coastline during the low stands of sea level caused by major ice ages. When sea level rises, the waves quickly clean the top of the plain. They then start eroding into the rising coastal mountain range as is happening today. The underwater flat plain north of the Bosporus Strait ringed by underwater canyons could be a similar evolution. This might imply that the Black Sea has held water during the time the Mediterranean was dry. Its water source could be eastern European rivers, the Danube, Dniester, Dnieper and Don rivers. These rivers would have reduced flows during ice ages leading to lower Black Sea levels. Hence the underwater flat plain around the Black Sea. But this is a guess on my part. My geology knowledge is from 45 years ago and the science has evolved since then. Great video BTW. Thank you.
What I liked most besides the incredible graphics is the most pleasant narrative I;ve ever encountered , my friend you are an amazing teacher, I'm not a native English speaker myself , a Dutchman in Australia, but your lovely accent made it even better to understand this complicated subject. At age 70 I felt like a young child lstening to a great teacher. Off course I subcribed. !!
The flood epics of the Bible came from Mesopotamia and its hypothesised to be from the refilling of the Persian gulf that occurred ~5K years ago. The Persian gulf is barely 100m deep and had human habitation and agricultural societies before it was inundated.
@@BenFaffler The biblical flood story is definitely known to have been based on the flooding of city of Shuruppak ca. 2900 BCE. You may be conflating this myth with the Eden myth which is posited to have been based on the flooding of the Persian Gulf (or possibly the Black Sea) with the fruit of knowledge being the development of agriculture.
Do you know of any papers that discuss there being an agricultural society in what is now the Persian Gulf? A hunter-gatherer society seems more likely but I haven't seen any papers go into this in any detail.
@@kiuk_kiks I'm familiar with what caused sea level rise ca. 18000-8000 BP. It's the possible human presence in what is now the Gulf that I haven't seen explored in detail. Thanks anyway.
Felice Landry, using the psionic equivalent of a mining laser destroyed the isthmus as revenge against her Tanu torturers. Julian May describes this event in The Saga of the Exiles
The SF author Julian May has a book series called The Saga of Pleocene Exile, in which people are exiled to the past - specifically, to the Mediterranean Basin 6M years ago. The Gibraltar flood is a major plot point in the story.
Wolfgang Jeschke: The Last Day Of Creation novel is about a time travel back to 5 million years to the dry Mediterrain seefloor. And the main characters meet with people with the same reason but from alternated future at there. The best sci-fi story about the time travel, time dilataion, the multiplied existence and the self-created time machine paradox ever.
This is a wonderful video Tomas. Well done. The only thing I would call into question would be that it took "months" to fill. Given the catastrophic nature of the breach, I would not be surprised if it took a week or two at most. Once that breach formed, the ocean would have been dumping massive amounts into the old basin. Regardless, great video.
Mediterranean sea used be dry, but it was also used to be much much bigger. It was once connected to the Paratethys sea, the largest lake or inland sea the world has ever seen. The lake completely dried up from 9 to 7 million years ago, and the Caspian Sea, Black Sea, and Aral Sea was its remnant today.
Wow, what a wonderful video, you made it so captivating and also very easy to comprehend. Now I will never look the same at Google Maps, when spotting some underwater canyons.
LUV the fascinating simulations! I am always curious about how the earth looks inside and underneath the surface, so I was thrilled to see some of your animations of how the tectonic plates looked inside. Also, the science and how you know is especially great because I don't trust info unless I can see the scientific method. Beautiful artwork. Great job!
Excellent informative disclosure of the events which clears up our understanding of the realities of the real geography and geology of this wonderful area of the world - thank you...
![BLACK BAG - Official Trailer [HD] - Only in Theaters March 14](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Du0Xp8WX_7I/mqdefault.jpg)
"Bigger hole, faster water, more sediments" aaaaaaahhhhhhhhhhhh
Infinite loop!
The Med has filled and emptied a few times. There are huge salt deposits under the sea form where it died out last time. The deepest water is extremely briny.
Noooooo rivers do form in the sea
irritating narrator
:D :D :D :D
No way THAT super flood from 6 million years ago would be part of the human folklore of a biblical flood. in order to be part of any cultural history it would have to be much later. Homo Sapiens didn't even exist yet, heck, Neanderthals didn't even exist yet (they only appeared 200 thousand years ago in the Pleistocene Epoch). Any event that happened 6 million years ago would not be part of any remotely human recollection. The biblical flood was opined to be about 10 thousand years ago with a meteorite or comet hitting the Atlantic ocean (i think). That's why an apocalyptic flood is part of so many ancient civilizations verbal histories.
May I point out that the author of this video at the end emphasises your point.
(Pleistocene/ Holocene transition and meltwater pulses 1a & 1b) 13-11,000 years ago
Indian Ocean
😮😮maybe the dinosaurs left us note.
Some suggest the biblical flood was the creation of the Black Sea instead.
That hilarious clip of a vehicle fleeing a megaflood? Was an animation prepared to illustrate a Missoula Flood in North America. Water acts the same everywhere, not only leaving the same physical evidence, but sometimes leaving impressions in local folk tales. Thanks for making it easier for for us to see it.
You know that driver was soiling their pants.
Or is this proof of prehistoric automobiles.
Film had been reversed. But the scary impression remains.
@@bauhnguefyische667 It was a deliberate choice by the animator, to demonstrate the speed of mega floods. Nick Zenter, a US geologist and professor at Central Washington University, has been revisiting Huge Floods in the Pacific Northwest of North America in the last year. There are 26 videos of live streams he made for his students during 2003-2004 on Ice Age Floods and 536 videos in total on his RUclips channel, often created for his geology students, but also for wider television audiences. I can't remember the original video where the animation plays, but once you've seen that clip, you'll remember it.
@@denisevincent4050
It’s funny you mentioned Nick Zenter, I’ve seen more than a few of his video’s over the years and always has that chalk board!
Makes me wish I lived in Washington state.
@@bauhnguefyische667 Washington state has astonishingly beautiful scenery, if you don't mind living near active volcanoes, high risk landslide zones or being stuck inside during wildfire events. Setting aside geology and climate change, housing is ridiculously expensive, I suspect due to Pacific Rim oligarchs hiding their money in Western US real estate.
Being a Gibraltarian, born in Gibraltar that is and living there all my life, I really appreciate this explanation of which I was aware of, but not in such well explained detail. Thanks again. You have earned my subscription.
Gibraltar español
@@pacoarroyo Is that anything like Moroccan Melilla and Ceuta?
Gibraltar es territorio español con habitantes postizos de la pérdida albino. Seguro que estas más en España que en gibraltar
@@pacoarroyoman you lost it in a war against the brits like 300 years ago, can't you just move along do you?
@@ilsignorpierpaolo5164 repito iros de suelo español vivís en España porque no estáis en la roca solamente os volverías locos viviendo en 5 km2
Fun facts 😊
The black sea is saltwater in the upperlayers, but freshwater, very poor on oxygene on the bottom
There you can go down and see shipwrecks more tha 2000 years old, and they look like they sailed yesterday 😊
They do not decompose, because of the oxygen low waters😊
That's amazing. I didn't know that, so potentially there are Roman galleys etc preserved down there. Wouldn't it be amazing if one day they could be lifted to the surface.
Wikipedia says otherwise: Fresh water from the rivers does not mix or sink and so the bottom layers are more salty.
But there is indeed less oxygen in the deep
Swap the salt to the bottom and the fresh to the top and your correct.
Black sea is very dangerous to swim too. I'm from Turkey. I dont go to swim there and it always looks scary.
Salt water is heavier than fresh, so it definitely below fresh. But its salt water through and through now, so it's the colder salt water below the warm salt water.
This is probably the best explanation of how the Mediterranean Sea flooded. It kept my attention from start to finish!
You were tricked, the Med is 4-5000 meters deep around Rhodos ... so this "hole" has to be filled with water "all the time". U know water always trickes down, don't U?
@@paal8193 you are offering 'maybe' speculation and personal swipes.
I know I do not take rude people's opinions seriously.
@@danielscallon7515 I'm not rude, i'm just telling you were tricked . That "maybe" 5000 meter deep has been there since start of terrestrial time ... and ALWAYS been filled with water - to my knowlegde 🙂
it's actually thought that most of the mega flood myths, being centered in europe, india and the middle east, came from the fact that the Mesopotemian civilisation was built around 2 rivers, The Tigris and The Euphretes, these two rivers have a history of violently and unexpectedly chaning course. So some cities back then would cease to exist as the river that was next to it was now running miles away and often cause major flooding. Humans have a tendency to turn regular cataclysms and up scale them into apocalypses, earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, disease, meteors, ect. So a civilisation plagued by farmland being flooded or drying up due to violent changes in the rivers that gave them life would in all likelyhood make a concept like a world ending flood.
That sounds very possible
There are other stories of floods in the folklore of other places, but they can easily be explained by the same logic.
The Black Sea also filled up brutally, when the Bosphorus "plug" collapsed. But contrary to the Mediterranean flood, which happened 5.33 million years ago, with no human to observe it (NO, it was NOT the biggest flood ever seen by humanity!!!) , the Black Sea flood happened ca. 7600 years ago... and flooded human fields, human habitat under tens if not hundreds of meters of water within days and weeks... (40 days maybe?😉). That event certainly traumatized those tribes... and are maybe... just maybe... the source of the Noah's Flood story! At least, it is geographically pretty much in the right place!
Also, the episode during which the Mediterranean Sea was cut out from the ocean didn't last long in geological times... not millions of years, but a mere 550'000 years, roughly. It also didn't happen once, during these 550'000 years, but many times, with the sea filling, then the Gibraltar Straight closing again, then rupturing again, perhaps only partially, etc. Proof of that is the thickness of the salt deposits mentioned in the video. They just cannot have been created by the sea evaporating a single time!
Tomas, it might also be worth talking of Messinian canyons (like the ones underneath Cairo, Lyon, ...) or of Messinian lakes like Laggo Maggiore.
Nope. Most serious geologist believe it was the flooding of the Black Sea through the Bosphorus Straight approx 7500-8500 years ago
This is the most sensible explanation of the flood myths. People in all parts of the world lived in river valleys that would inevitably experience floods which were devastating to those communities. If a world wide flood really did happen, there was no way ancient people could have known its extent beyond their local region. This guarantees that any ancient account of a worldwide flood was invented by the writer.
@@ThomasGlynnJr, Only the rise in water level in the Black Sea is undisputed by Geologists. The Black Sea deluge hypothesis, which claims this occurred in a catastrophic flood is disputed. The claim that this deluge was the origin of the Mesopotamian flood myth is pure speculation.
Love how you make it so dramatic :) The passion and humour, plus the interpretation of events here, make this video very interesting. Thank You for your efforts.
-- Selangor, Malaysia
mediterranean sea was like: yo Atlantic, reboot me bro
Lol. Yep
there are a lot of inaccuracies in this video. for example: structures that look like riverbeds on the bottom of oceans do exist and they get created from big rivers depositing sediment in concentrated channels sometimes for hundreds or even thousands of kilometers after they have entered the ocean.
The river canyons on the upper continental shelves formed from extension of existing rivers during glacial periods, when sea level was much lower and a much larger area of the shelf was exposed to erosion than today. Example: ("inner") Hudson Canyon, south of New York/Long Island, which is river-carved into the upper shelf.
Below the continental "shelf break", as the shelf gives way to the deeper (and steeper) continental slope, the channels are carved by turbidity currents, which are episodic undersea "avalanches" of sediment mixed with seawater. They are denser than normal seawater and so flow with the slope topography and erode progressively deeper channels as they recur ("outer" Hudson Canyon, cutting into the shelf break, is again an example). Then they reach the (deeper, less steep) continental rise, spread out, and the sediment settles out. Farther out on the abyssal plain, visible features include abyssal hills (seamounts) and linear, parallel transform faults, the latter from tectonic seafloor spreading.
Oh yeah? Have you ever seen that? I mean, right up close and witnessed it? Asking for a friend. And I don’t wanna hear back from you that you and others can just tell from what you see today. What load of crap. I want photographic evidence. Like I know Mount Saint Helens exploded because I have photographic evidence.
I’m sure there is difference between these underwater riverbeds and out of water ones. Surely oceanographers accounted for that?
He is clearly talking about erosion associated with rivers not the depositing of sediments.
@@tolok377It may depend on biases oceanographers might have, whether intentional or unaware of.
Billions tons of sea water flowed into the basin of the Mediterranean. The sea level worldwide must be fallen after the filling of the Mediterranean sea.
Not by that much. The oceans are rather volumous compared to the Mediterranean Sea.
That's what I was thinking. The coast of Portugal would have seen a temporary drop in sea level
Maybe like a centimeter or something. The Mediterranean is still quite small and shallow compared to the oceans, so not an easily noticeable drop I think.
A back of the envelope calculation, based on volume of surface sea water in the med (ca 0.7%) and average depth of the oceans, indicate sea level would have dropped by about 25 metres. I am surprised that the med as an inland sea would have dried up though. Plenty of long standing inland seas on the Earth's surface..
The area is quite dry though. As the climate has been fluctuating, about half the time it would have been dryer than today and half the time wetter. And when the sea wasn`t fed by the ocean, minus the humidity the sea provides.
So shouldn`t be a big surprize for it to mostly dry up.@@malcolmabram2957
The Mediterranean has dried up and refilled several times over the course of millions of years. David Attenborough's book on the geology and ancient history of the Mediterranean, 'The First Eden: The Mediterranean World and Man (1987)' is worth reading.
……so is his video series’ of the same name…………
Great narration, great visuals, fantastic to have this explained! Thank you!
Horrible narration, cannot hear until the end.
I thank you for compiting all of these clips in one place and also referencing the original creators.
Thank you so much for a real human voice and not the ersatz robot voice that has become so common. Subscribed.
Utterly fascinating! Also you have a great narrator voice
Thank you! Not everybody agrees-I hope most people are like you!
@@tomas_pueyo I'm only one person, but I love your voice as well! Great video!
Actually the great narrator's voice is what enhances the pleasure of watching this video...!!! It is at a comfortable pitch, NOT GRATING, and gratifying in the sense that you feel at ease thus improving understanding... It's pace is a joy to people like me whose first language is not English and its smooth, level of volume does not feel as a threat like someone trying, unnaturally excited, to sell you something and change your thought process... I can appreciate normalcy here... Thank you...!!!
Humanity would NOT remember a megaflood from 6 million years ago... because humanity wasn't even close to existing then.
You don't say
My great-grandmother did remember these times though.
@@flip3198 No I don't say, I wrote... well writ/had written, since it's past tense & all.
The flood that likely became the one we see as a megamyth is a combination of the sea level rise that came with the end of the last ice age and the flooding of what is the Black Sea around the same time that is talked about in the Epic of Gilgamesh.
@@justincronkright5025you don't say
Nicely described and visualized. Thanks.
It would be quite the site to see it filling up in a matter of months. Great video
If you know how to swim haha
sight.
Mágnifico vídeo, Tomás. Muchas gracias
"Was this the famous mega-flood that appears across so many religions?" 0:36 Since it happened 6M years ago the answer would be no. Not unless our ancient ancestor Ardipithecus somehow invented both religion and recorded history before stone tools and mastering fire.
Point taken. But oral history is not organised religion... we will never know for sure
Please always continue your personal narrations, as your voice is much more expressive than any voiceover app. Well done!!
I follow your Uncharted Territories since about the beginning. But I never expected these Oberyn Martell vibes listening to you.
Keep up the good work.
Hahaha first time I hear that comparison with Pedro Pascal. What an honor!
Very excited for your channel! Would love to see a video on the flood that happened during the younger dryas .. excellent video ! Thank you
"rivers don't form under the sea" yes they do, they are a continuance of the upper land rivers, fresh water sinks and the force of the river continues to cut these beds even under water.
Their morphology tends to be more deltaic than canyon-like though.
@@alexhajnal107 rivers formed by megafloods can leave deep canyon like features undersea that may be still evident today
@@hykurotv4059 Do you have an example in mind?
@@alexhajnal107 "fresh water sinks"?
Fresh water by definition has less dissolved salts in it and hence it is less dense than sea water, so it would float on top of the sea water. I can not think of examples to the contrary, so I would be fascinated if you could provide some.
@@barneyhall2753 Suspended sediments can make fresh water's density higher than that of salt water; once the sediment settles out, the fresh water will mix with the surrounding salt water. The Ganges River is an example of a river with high levels of sediments that has an extensive undersea portion (the Bengal Fan) with turbidity currents (i.e. fresh water with sediment in suspension) creating channels extending 2400+ km from the shoreline.
I just read that the Bosporus flows in both directions, and that actually, the warm saline water flows in generally underneath the cool freshwater that flows out, and that people in history have been able to "catch" the inflow current by lowering objects from their boats.
That's 😎 cool
@@coulie27 Both are salt water. The currents are caused by different quantity of salt in each sea. The cooler, salt heavy water flows below the warmer, less salty water above. The same happens at Gibraltar.
Water evaporation causes Gibraltar straits to flow considerably more into the Mediterranean than flows out. It almost cancels out the twice daily tides.
Excellent piece! I understood all this previously, but your video brought it all to life. And I imagined the incredible amount of life that was lost as creatures were swept away in the initial floods. Wow… Thank you for the video!
You put together a really high quality video. Well-done! And hello from Leeds 🇬🇧
Amazing. I remember hearing about this 40 years ago, but just remembered it earlier today. Then this video comes along. Scary...
It was a major plot point in a book series by Julian May called "Saga of Pliocene Exile" published in the early 1980s.
It's about a group of humans that travel into the past and live in the area where the flood later takes place.
Very interesting Tomas , thank you for explaining this catastrophic event so well . Nature is frightening .
Its fiction man! Come on!
Quite spectacular video.Made interesting through intelligent graphics,maps and off course through breath taking videos.
I really appreciate the way you explained something so complex and kept it interesting.
So good to see your face and hear your voice. I have been following you since the pandemic. Bravo! more videos
Thank you!
That was a fantastic video, the animation, the narration, the way you explain things . Wow
The animation shown is a simulation of the Missoula floods. Just thought I’d share
Ty for the work put into this video man. It was both entertaining and interesting.
Loved this.. anymore candidate fore megafloods in the future? Maybe African rift valley?
Interesting idea. Although that WILL happen, so maybe we have less cues on what will happen?
That's why I like history much more than future projections.. because we already know what has happened .. Suspense of future projections literally kills us :)@@tomas_pueyo
Thanks SO much for your refreshingly human and natural tone of voice. And a fantastic video.
Eloquent sequential logic! This is the best explanation of the African plate subduction, as well as the filling of the sea.
That was really cool to watch. Thanks!!
Thank you. But river channels can easily form on seafloor, and even ocean floor, like the great channels by the Indus and Ganges on the bottom of the Indian Ocean. That ocean was not dry. It is done by the grains of sand and silt in the river water, which when empties by the river into the sea, they drops down to the bottom of the sea and keep going toward to the deeper and deeper places in the ocean or sea. In the process, those grains gradually dig a channel at the sea bottom. I am not saying the ones in the Mediterraneans are necessarily made that way, but rivers do cut canions/channels on the sea floors
Indeed! I learned in an oceanography course that "Turbidity currents erode the canyons [underwater canyons near the coast] and form a flowing mass of mud, sand, and even gravel that ultimately form deposits called turbidities"
I didn't know. Thanks! The scientists that looked into the Zanclean Flood use this as one of the arguments, but I might have missed a nuance. Thx for catching it!
@@tomas_pueyo Yes, unfortunately that is true. If you look at the echo-maps of the bottom of the Indian Ocean, you can clearly see thousands of mile of riverbeds, starting from the mouth of the Indus and Ganges, and meandering at the bottom of that Ocean
Is this what explains the river like ridges in the Black Sea that @Tomas_Pueyo mentions at the end of the video? I'm confused because he said those are evidence of water flowing into a basin, but then a minute later says that the Maramar Sea and Black Sea connection are too narrow for a mega flood to have occurred into the Black Sea and it is more likely the Black Sea fed the Maramar Sea
@@sgwa11 Most if not all, are naturally made that way on the seafloor. So to prove they were dryland when the rivers flowed, they need to drill into the sediment and find naturally growing roots of plants (not just burried plants, because they can be just washed in from the dry land and get burried there). None has been done to the best of my knowledge. But for the Mediterranean, the miles high salt deposits at the bottom of it is the BEST reason for that sea having dried up, dozens and dozens of times, not just once, leaving behind all the salt, then flooding, then drying up and more salt... on and on!
The Black Sea and the Caspian often connected through the Manich depression, and they shared water. The Marmara barrier was actully broken up by earthquakes and the southwest movement of the Anatolian microplate. Even today, the Black Sea has two distinct layers: salty at the bottom, nearly fresh water on the top.
Awesome presentation! Love your enthusiasm, mate!
So glad i found this channel, this is one of the best natural science narration i have ever listened to, so passionate that i feel i was there enjoying this great historic event with a great scholar.
Great video!
Great explanation!
Thank you!
Very well done, young man!
Amazing video! You are very underrated, I enjoyed every single second. You got a new subscriber!
Subscribed. You have a great presenting style- warm friendly unique. I knew bits and pieces about this but not about the Black Sea breaking into the Marmara Sea- so that was brilliant to learn. Look forward to learning more from you.
Very interesting video, also well produced!
What an absolutely perfect video. Content, visuals, soundbits and pacing. Can't remember the last time i popped into a video from a new channel only to sit through 13 minutes watching every second and feeling sad after it ended.
This kind of video is what you need to do MOAR. It will reach 1M views very soon.
Great video. I wish you more subscribers. You deserve it.
Well done - wishing you success for your channel. Subscribed.
Super interesting video, I had no idea the Mediterranean used to be closed off. Really good narration, too.
You are mistaken about undersea river canyons. The Monterey undersea canyon is the ancient river mouth of the Salinas river which drained all of central California prior to the current outflow out the Golden Gates.
If you look off the coast of California, you will see a series of small underwater canyons all along the coast. The flat plain just off the cost defines the ancient coastline during the low stands of sea level caused by major ice ages. When sea level rises, the waves quickly clean the top of the plain. They then start eroding into the rising coastal mountain range as is happening today.
The underwater flat plain north of the Bosporus Strait ringed by underwater canyons could be a similar evolution. This might imply that the Black Sea has held water during the time the Mediterranean was dry. Its water source could be eastern European rivers, the Danube, Dniester, Dnieper and Don rivers. These rivers would have reduced flows during ice ages leading to lower Black Sea levels. Hence the underwater flat plain around the Black Sea. But this is a guess on my part. My geology knowledge is from 45 years ago and the science has evolved since then.
Great video BTW. Thank you.
Great work, your enthusiasm is palpable, thank you!
Brilliant presentation! Thank you! If you are a Professor I bet there is a waiting list to get into your classes
Amazing research and storytelling, you did some wonderful work here!
So enlightening! thanks! I learnt a lot today !
What I liked most besides the incredible graphics is the most pleasant narrative I;ve ever encountered , my friend you are an amazing teacher, I'm not a native English speaker myself , a Dutchman in Australia, but your lovely accent made it even better to understand this complicated subject. At age 70 I felt like a young child lstening to a great teacher.
Off course I subcribed. !!
Please turn DOWN the volume of the music
Outstanding Presentation!
oH, YOU LIKE scifi HEY?
The flood epics of the Bible came from Mesopotamia and its hypothesised to be from the refilling of the Persian gulf that occurred ~5K years ago. The Persian gulf is barely 100m deep and had human habitation and agricultural societies before it was inundated.
Or the biblical flood really happened and civilization started over in that area. And as the story passed down it slowly became myth.
@@BenFaffler The biblical flood story is definitely known to have been based on the flooding of city of Shuruppak ca. 2900 BCE. You may be conflating this myth with the Eden myth which is posited to have been based on the flooding of the Persian Gulf (or possibly the Black Sea) with the fruit of knowledge being the development of agriculture.
Do you know of any papers that discuss there being an agricultural society in what is now the Persian Gulf? A hunter-gatherer society seems more likely but I haven't seen any papers go into this in any detail.
@@alexhajnal107
It flooded because of melting glaciers and rising sea levels. I’d have to search for something I learned about years ago.
@@kiuk_kiks I'm familiar with what caused sea level rise ca. 18000-8000 BP. It's the possible human presence in what is now the Gulf that I haven't seen explored in detail. Thanks anyway.
I've always wondered how the Mediterranean was flooded and now there it is: the best explanatory video ever.
Felice Landry, using the psionic equivalent of a mining laser destroyed the isthmus as revenge against her Tanu torturers. Julian May describes this event in The Saga of the Exiles
Stein Oleson helped her, she couldn't have done it without his mining expertise!
Excellent video which explains clearly and concisely how the Mediterranean we know today formed.
The SF author Julian May has a book series called The Saga of Pleocene Exile, in which people are exiled to the past - specifically, to the Mediterranean Basin 6M years ago. The Gibraltar flood is a major plot point in the story.
Also xkcd’s “Time” series is set during the Gibraltar flood.
Wolfgang Jeschke: The Last Day Of Creation novel is about a time travel back to 5 million years to the dry Mediterrain seefloor. And the main characters meet with people with the same reason but from alternated future at there. The best sci-fi story about the time travel, time dilataion, the multiplied existence and the self-created time machine paradox ever.
I've read those books. Fantastic books. I love the Non-born King's flag. IYKYK.
Love your enthusiasm brother. Great video :)
0:15 your mom when I enter the building
😂😂😂
Oh no... no thanks...
She's been lying 6 under for years so no thanks 😦
oh yay, I've been waiting for a Zanclean flood video!
This is a Charlton Heston moment if I ever saw one, folks.
Good one. I learnt something today!
There were no humans 6 million years ago
That my friend is something we Will never know for sure
@@gjv-klm_747
True enough. Maybe 6 million years ago we travelled back to our original planet.
Excellent Research and Graphics! Thank you.
This and some Scotch 🎉
I assume you saw the tweet
Very interesting and enjoyable. Thank you-I’ve subscribed!
Great content ruined wit music. Could not watch.
Very interesting video! Nice renders too, I really appreciate that you actually showed what the flood could have looked like
In The BIBLE IT TELLS YOU ABOUT THE GREAT FLOOD.
5,998,000 years later :-)
DOES THE BIBLE TEACH HOW TO TYPE AS WELL? COULD BE HANDY
This is a wonderful video Tomas. Well done. The only thing I would call into question would be that it took "months" to fill. Given the catastrophic nature of the breach, I would not be surprised if it took a week or two at most. Once that breach formed, the ocean would have been dumping massive amounts into the old basin. Regardless, great video.
Świetny materiał. Bardzo dobrze wytłumaczone. Dobra robota !
Thanks! That was very interesting and very well presented.
Mediterranean sea used be dry, but it was also used to be much much bigger. It was once connected to the Paratethys sea, the largest lake or inland sea the world has ever seen. The lake completely dried up from 9 to 7 million years ago, and the Caspian Sea, Black Sea, and Aral Sea was its remnant today.
Very interesting, thank you. Loved your passion for the subject!
I enjoyed the music too.
Nice work. Enjoyed the easy to follow explinations you provided for those younger folks. Great collection of animation clips too.
Fascinating and very well explained.
Excelent video. I been explaining this lately but now i have your video. Thx 😊
Wow, what a wonderful video, you made it so captivating and also very easy to comprehend. Now I will never look the same at Google Maps, when spotting some underwater canyons.
Beautifully presented
Outstanding explanation. Enjoyed it.
Congratulations, for channels with the level of this video is why RUclips must exist!
I always wondered how the Mediterranean had formed. Great video, thanks.
Excellent video.
Criminally undersubscribed channel right here!
Thank you...!!! I had NO idea...!!! I enjoyed the knowledge and the video and your efforts to produce it very much... I have subscribed...!!!
could you provide links to the sources of the videos/studies you cited/included in the description ?
LUV the fascinating simulations! I am always curious about how the earth looks inside and underneath the surface, so I was thrilled to see some of your animations of how the tectonic plates looked inside. Also, the science and how you know is especially great because I don't trust info unless I can see the scientific method. Beautiful artwork. Great job!
Very interesting Tomas! Thank you!
Excellent informative disclosure of the events which clears up our understanding of the realities of the real geography and geology of this wonderful area of the world - thank you...
Thank You! Did not know. Subscribed. Looking forward to your content. Best Regards and Best Wishes!
Did the Black Sea fill out of Siberian megajokhulhaups? This is good shit dude! Noah was the local bargeman I suspect.
Noah is Gilgamesh, and Gilgamesh is a story taken from the valley people... That guy who we don't know the name yeah it was the local bargeman lol
love the video man. keep going on all the hard work