Constructing Lunisolar Calendars
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- Опубликовано: 27 авг 2017
- How to construct lunisolar calendars.
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Thank you all so much for watching...Edgar out! 
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![Darren Waller - Who Knew (Her Perspective) [Official Video]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/GytDjB8u6bM/mqdefault.jpg)
Solar calendars: I get it
Luner calendars: Seems legit
Lunisolar Calendars: wut
Ye, it's a bit trippy alright if you not familiar with the system.
Lunar
Huh more like loony sola calendar
@@theshuman100 wut
In before Solunar calendars become a thing and show up and make things 12 times worse. XD
8:46 Ahh yes the Sea of Luxembourg.
Glad to see my people's calendar featured!
It's awesome. Well done on going with the clear and obvious best solution to timekeeping. Two massive thumbs up.
Are you chinese or hebrew
@@pas-giaw6055 Hebrew is a language, not a people....
Well, is He jewish?
@@shayne-1880 It is, in fact, both.
Ah, but my planet has two moons.
Actually I used dubious astronomy to deal with that, by saying that the moons orbit in opposite directions and along slightly different planes. (that's really unlikely in general, but for a body to orbit in the opposite direction to another one suggests a major impact event that could also throw off the orbital plane.)
So the associated calendar doesn't measure lunar phases, but it measures orbital crossings. (which I suppose constitute an eclipse, with one moon directly in front of the other.)
Hey, who says a calendar on another planet has to follow exactly the same principles as one for earth?
And in general we have no existing point of reference for how a calendar would function with multiple moons, because we only have one moon.
Anyway, I'm not actually sure my existing calendar definitions make sense, but then I haven't gotten around to doing this worldbuilding stuff properly just yet...
Sounds interesting. Another solution would be to have synchronized moons. If they have the same orbit, doesn't matter if they follow the same line or have different "planes", the way you count lunar cycles is the same. You get one count for both moons. Not a common thing to happen but not as unlikely. I did this for my huge satellite. So in my case, they are synced by men made design.
He went over suggestions for multiple moons in his Lunar Calendar video, so I'd suggest checking that out if you haven't already
The international fixed calendar is a great example of a calendar that is completely regular.
13*28=364
Plus one spare day that rests outside the other thirteen months.
Every month is exactly four weeks, which makes everything much easier to deal with
Yup! It's a great calendar.
That appears to be one of the mayan calendars. (13 months of 28 days + the 'day out of time'.)
The other is a 260 day cycle. (13 x 20 - I know this has some significance, but I forget what, precisely. Then again, the full mayan calendar appears to track the rotation of our solar system around the galactic plane. This is the actual significance of December 21st 2012, when all those disasters were predicted because the calendar 'ends'.)
look up dave gorman calendar. hysterically funny explanation
@@Artifexian it's too solar for me
yeah, except 12 is kinda better than 13. no quarterly reports for 13 months calendar
8:12 ":: I know 12:36:48 is actually 01:00:00. I just wanted to write 12, 36 and 48 on screen. Also, I wanted to draw a digital clock! ::"
Someone went through this frame by frame :)
or tried to catch it by pausing at regular speed (incredibly frustrating but I managed. After like 30 attempts)
This is impossible on mobile...
Birdstar nope. I did it
Tacocat god for you...?
You should make a book of world-building stuffs someday. I'd buy it. And I'd buy it for all my writery friends. :)
That actually is a thing I'm considering doing. But it's only a pipedream at the moment.
I write many books that I soon will publish and I'm considering writing one in worldbuild, is there any subject you would like to see on it?
Ummm, all this kinda stuff, biomes and climates, government systems, economics, belief systems, conlang stuff, magic systems, culture development, anything at all really!
Great video! This calendar series was really interesting!
Great, glad you got something out of it.
DMs: "Don't build lore your players will never run into, it's a waste."
Worldbuilders: "So we'll just redefine what day and hour even mean and not tell a soul."
Your videos really are super helpful and I'm so glad you're back to doing them. Helped me more than a few times writing my next novel, now I'm a couple thousand words in and I feel like I've had an actual background to paint characters on
You call that messy? Once I built a very accurate lunisolar calendar for Earth, with all its irregularities. It had cycles upon cycles in months and days and centuries and it was a mess. It made those leap months seem like nothing! Also, base 12 time really needs to happen. Or 36:36:36.
Ye, but unfortunately I never will. People hate change. :(
I dread the massive amount of engineering and programming work needed to redefine the length of a second.
Why does everyone like base 12 so much? I personally prefer base 6.
36:36:36 is base 6. 100 hours a day, 100 minutes an hour and 100 seconds a minute in base 6.
Anybody on team Base2310?
Love me a lunisolar calendar, every day of the week.
Lunisolar FTW
Hey Edgar. Great video, so glad you're back. This worldbuilding series helped me greatly in establishing the universe for the story I'm writing.
There is one thing I'm working on, which is difficult. That would be the positions of the celestial objects in the sky relative to the observer on the planet they're standing on. Just a bit of added realism to make the planet feel real and alive.
I might be able to figure it out for myself. But, I think it'll be an interesting idea for worldbuilding!
Yay you're not dead
Apparently not.
Artifexian ok, seems you posted about a month ago, I'm 2 videos behind XP. Was thinking last video was the channel on hold vid a year ago.
Yay, more conlanging next. In fact, I have in my house a book filled with notes on my own conlang, Oqwe, as well as a pile of paper, on which is written the orbital data of habitable planets around a bunch of stars in a galaxy I created from scratch. All thanks to you, Artifexian!
FINALLY, BEEN WAITING SO LOOOOOONG YEEEEEESSS!
Sorry about that. I've been on holidays for the past few weeks.
Artifexian omg, he replied! 😊
I try and reply to as many comments as possible on the day of upload. I really like talking to you guys. :)
I'm gonna pimp out this channel so hard; you put in the work and provided the resources to make a big problem for fantasy writers into a little one. You deserve a good return on your investment.
"Next video will be a conlang video" EEEEEEEE 8D
Hope you enjoy;
Artifexian could you do a piece on number systems, just as rarely done thing as calamders if not more over looked
SolidLink64 I think Oa uses base 12. I wonder what their numerals look like. Are they derived from tally marks, the word for the number, or something else?
Fetch26291 i wonder if it would have some verbal idiosyncrasies like english, while we use base 10, we call 11 eleven not oneteen or firstteen, and 12 twelve not twoteen or secondteen
eeeeeEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
I'm so glad you're still making videos on this channel, no matter how sparse they may be
The main thing causing delays now is the next look. I'm still getting to grips with after effects.
The calendar series has been surprisingly interesting. I've never really thought about how something as simple as time could be so closely related to culture. It's definitely given me a lot to think about, especially as a short story I'm writing is set on a tidally locked planet, which effectively has no days. As always, your editing style and commentary make your videos among the most watchable in my subscription box, even if it is just a lot of numbers ;). In the spirit of the recent solar eclipse, could you perhaps do a video on similar big solar events, the conditions necessary to support them and the effects they may have on culture? I suppose transits, conjunctions, blood moons, regular comets, meteor showers and fluctuations in the intensity of the star would come under the same bracket, along with anything more inspired you can think of. Maybe something involving binary stars or multiple moons. As always, you are a pleasure to watch and your videos are extremely thought-provoking. Thank you, Artifexian.
Conlang!!!!! I thought you where only gonna do one of the two. So so happy that you decided to keep both!!!
I love how you take the time to read and reply to comments. Most other youtubers don't.
Yay, I was just wondering when this video was going to drop. I've been thinking about how one might go about creating a lunisolar calendar for Earth, one that accurately kept track of both seasons and moon phases. What I came up with was to construct two separate solar and lunar calendars that would run side-by-side.
The solar calendar would divide the year into seasons, where each season starts on an equinox or solstice (normalized so that each season has the same number of days every year, and the equinox/solstice always falls on either the first day of that season, or the last day of the previous season). The advantage of this is that you can have, say, a holiday that always falls on the same day of the year (and thus the same time of the season), so this would work well for seasonal holidays, like those related to harvest or the blooming of the first flowers.
Under this solar calendar, I would have the year start on the Spring Equinox, with Spring being the first season of the year. Of course, this is only for the Northern hemisphere, so in some consideration for our friends down under, I would suggest renaming the season according to the classical elements (Spring = Air, Summer = Fire, Autumn = Earth, Winter = Water). That way, those in the Southern hemisphere could still refer to, e.g. the season of "Air", even though for them it is actually autumn, not spring.
The lunar calendar would be divided into months as one would expect, with each month starting on a new moon. When the months don't line up exactly with the solar year (which will be most of the time), I'm not sure if the first month should start _before_ the end of the year or _after_. The lunar calendar could be used to track cultural holidays that are less dependent on the seasons.
Of course, there's also the third, weekly calendar. Nobody really thinks about that that much. But I'm curious how long it would take for all three of these calendars to realign themselves. Or, how long would it take for them to realign themselves on some arbitrary first day of the year? To make this even more interesting, let's say that the solar calendar uses the tropical year (which is all about the seasons, so that makes perfect sense), while the lunar calendar uses the sidereal year (which is about the position of the stars, and is about 20 minutes longer than the tropical year). How long would it take for everything to realign under these condition? We could designate this as another unit of time, an "era" or "eon" or something.
O: CONLANG AGAIN YAAY. you have no idea how much your conlang vids influenced me. it is awesome
I literally spent a couple hours watching all three of these calendars to try to form a calendar for various Star Wars planets, with the existing info, just because I was bored. This was very useful though. I'll definitely use these again if I ever need to come up with these numbers from scratch
I was JUST going to ask if your conlang-related content would continue! Oa inspired me to creat my own conlang, and even though I don't really know what I'm doing, it's really fun. Great vudei as always, the new editing style took a moment to get used to, but it looks really good :)
Thanks want to make the slickest possible videos for you guys. :)
I clicked in this so hard
Hehe :)
Same :DD
matirio salamanca I'm going to click five times harder on the conlang video
So happy that you're making videos again.
Me too.
I'm so glad you are back.
Accidentally came across this video... Time to dig out my old lunisolar calendar creation attempt!
I have a culture in my worldbuilding project that uses a lunisolar calendar. They have a year of ~388.863 days, and a lunar period of ~42.236 days.
Most years have 9 months, but the 1st, 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, and 25th years in their 29-year metonic cycle have an extra 10th month.
Their calendar is designed so that the month begins with the full moon (which has religious importance in the culture), and the New Year coincides with the first full moon after the spring equinox.
Just finished making one with your spreadsheet!
Planet orbital period: 686.791 days
Lunar orbital period: 96.3917192982 days
Months in a year: 7 (leap month every eight years)
Month length: 89 days
Day length (brute forced): 25.9932726197516 earth hours
Goes like this:
Y1 - Y7: Seven 89-day months
Y8: Eight 89-day months, plus one comemorative day in the end
Can't wait for more conlanging stuff!
Chris I wonder what the next topic would be. Would it be lexicon making? Or grammar? Or something else entirely?
Airmanon I think it would be morphology.
JN Baker I see. Well, regardless of the topic, I'm looking forward to it.
Airmanon same
Great video! Looking forward to (hopefully) some conlanging!
It'll happen. Just give me time.
Thank the lord for this channel. Never stop making videos. ;-;
Yesss, he's back !
He is.
I can't wait for the conlang video!!! Not that I dislike calendars, I just love linguistics
Comin' soon.
Back from the dead! Happy to see you again.
Yup. Glad to be back and hope you enjoyed. :)
Oh my god! Regular Uploads! Can't wait for the conlanging to return
Regular-ish. Trying my best.
Artifexian More than annually, that's good enough
Or he is teaching us about calendars so we can puzzle when the next will come out XD
So excited to see a new video from you! Very very excited to see more linguistics! (Sorry to be that guy but you spelt Metonic Cycle as Metonic Cylce at the beginning)
No, no. I want people to point out my mistakes so I can call them out in the next video. We live in a time where being accurate is not valued am doing my best to make sure I don't succumb to this.
Question: does the rotation of the planet affect the orbital period of its moons?
I used the formulas for the terrestrial moons video to calculate how far my major moon and minor moon would have to be to have orbital periods of 28 days and 7 days respectively, but if I change the definition of the local day to be 25.383 hrs... does that mean the orbital period of my moons isn't exactly 28 local days and 7 local days?
I was wondering if you would consider making a video on geography building. I have some very basic understanding of how the shapes of our continents define the weather in different parts of the world (why deserts form where they do, how hurricanes come to be...) but I'd love to see a video about how this knowledge could be applied to create a world from scratch. This would influence where the first large civilizations start to form, what problems different people around the world would have to face, it could possibly even define which zones are inhabitable or not. I started drawing some fictional maps and I started to realise the importance of where to place continents, mountains and oceans in order achieve the desired climate zones in my world.
Just in case anyone is interested in doing this themselves, that 'brute force' bit could be completed in one, automatic, step with the 'goal seek' function on excel.
Just as long as the cells are linked, goal seek on the cell you would otherwise be 'brute forcing', and set one of the cells to whatever value you would like. If it's possible, it'll find it, otherwise, it'll leave you as close as possible, to as many decimal places as you've set the cell to default to.
Good luck to everyone,
And thanks Edgar, I'm enjoying the new vids muchly! :)
I was going through the entire process of making a calendar (star, planet, moon(s)), and in my exhausted fury, I forced a lunisolar calendar. I was changing the lunar orbiting distance by tenths of an Earth radius. I needed that perfection and now it slightly frustrates me that the only way to get any sort of disorder would either be to remake it all, or force in leap months. Both options are equally frustrating. CURSE YOU EDGAR FOR FORCING MY HAND.
jk ily Arti. I'm glad i went through it all.
Just wanted to throw a little trivia here; that thirteenth month (Adar II in the Hebrew calendar) is usually added to ensure that the Nissan--the month when Pesach (Passover) occurs--always falls in the spring as stipulated in the Torah.
I loved your channel! More conlanging pleaaaase!! Nerdy high five from Chile!
So glad to see more new videos.
Thanks pal. I hope you are enjoying them.
My first Artifexian video caught since subscribing. I eagerly await the next Conlang video.
Brill. I hope you enjoy it.
Really appreciate this guide, its super interesting. However, I'm kind of confused as to how seasons would line up in this calendar form. Would winter end in a different month when there's a intercalary year added? Wouldn't that mess up the seasons for the next year?
Any help is appreciated
It would and it does. Cultures who used this calendar have however adapted to that and use a solar calendar for those purposes, whenever it became a problem, but since we are talking about only a couple of days difference, it doesn't really matter. Also, since there's a leap year about every 3 years, the difference between the solar and lunisolar year is almost fully reset every 3 years, and completely(ish) reset every 19 years.
The purpose of a lunisolar calendar is to measure seasons with waxing and waning of the moon, just like how a 365-day calendar measures seasons with rising and setting of the sun. So the intercalary year is basically the same thing as a leap year, it is added to prevent the seasons from getting messed up.
In a lunisolar calendar, seasons will gradually start to go out of phase with months until there’s an intercalary year, when they get back to how they were. So yes, between intercalary month and the next year the seasons will fall in different days, but not by a lot, and next year it’ll start drifting back.
@@felipevasconcelos6736 the way you phrased that, it sounds like you said that the calendar will drift further and further until it's off by an entire year, and then it's correct again.
@@pentelegomenon1175 I meant that calendar drift will continuously build up until it’s off by about a month, and then self-correct.
7:20, have the lengths of the weeks alternate,
and a good mnemonic would be to call particular ones 'even or odd' (binary?)
to know which one you're in by the date
Does anyone know if it is possible for a planet to get full daylight during the summer and partial sunlight during the summer. Specially in the Mire northern latitudes.
HES BACK
Yup.
Yup.
You might not remember but like ages ago you went to willow park school for science week and told the kids about what you do and world-building I was one of those kids and I have been watching you since thank you for making me love world building
Now, do you Need to make a calendar based on space?? Or is there a calendar system that is based off of something else? If I did the hour, would it still need to follow up with space when it comes to the calendar?
I hope you do Worldbuiling videos on Geography soon, you've got a lot of stuff on creating planets, but nothing about creating their landscapes.
"Metonic cylce"
I'm sorry, I needed to point that out. So sorry.
So I'm confused. On working on my own system and calendar it came across to me the option of not having any months. If my orbital period is 493.4729 Earth days long then why not just have a local year of 493.5 which makes the days 23.9986820669 hours long which is basically not even noticeable and then every two years have an additional day to balance out the .5 from the orbital period. But why have months or weeks at all, why not just have the days in the year with them being called their number like 'I was born on day 40" or "The festival is always on day 239 during the summer season" and so on. This seems so simple that I'm concerned there's something I'm not seeing. Any thoughts? If it helps my moons orbital period is 24.5825 Earth days long, thanks.
I actually just used the equations you put into the cells, putting the local day as x in the equation to get the local day where it's needed.
What software do you use to calculate all this out +artifexian
does anyone know why on the excel sheet years and month on local days are also divided by 24?
nice video man! dude the editing is amazing! (also, PLEASE DONT TELL ME YOU CUT YOUR BEAUTIFUL HAIR!?)
Nope. Am rockin a man bun at the mo.
i'd thought so! yeah no, i generally keep my hair free to it's business unless i'm doing some kind of labour, that being said, i am but on my computer and i have the back of my hair in a ponytail
Is there any chance of a fourth instalment for calendars from the perspective of habitable moons? I'm not sure how to even begin wading through the mathmatical swamp that is living on a moon's moon.
Love your calendar
There is a program I think people should use when worldbuilding and that program is SpaceEngine. Currently it is one of the best tools to use to explore not just real life stars, planets and moons but also very accurate procedural objects as well. You can also use it to make your own solar systems and galaxies like I usually do. Should talk about it one of your next videos about worldbuilding.
I was thinking about this a while ago, to make calender for my language, and gave up on it cause I had no idea how it would work, (im bad and dis intrested in math) , I stil don't really got the info, but its inteteresting that this came up.
I like how you made the robot CGP Grey.
I'm not sure what kind of calendar the clans in the Chronicles of Ancient Darkness series use.
On the one hand, the use of the term "moons" suggests a lunar aspect, and there are special days like midsummer or midwinter, which are connected to day length and that suggests a solar aspect. Michelle Paver's website lists the moons and the equivalent months, and apparently there are only twelve. Also, the names of the months typically come from a plant or animal associated with that food source - like the Cloudberry Moon, the Moon of the Roaring Stags, or the Moon of the Salmon Run. There is also the Moon of No Dark, which is when Midsummer happens.
Anyway, what do you think it could be?
Also, if you're not familiar with those books, they're a fantasy series set in hunter-gatherer times and written by Michelle Paver - and personally, I consider them to be a prime example of how to worldbuild. There are a lot of references in the books to the clans' mythology, culture and belief systems, but Paver's careful to strike the balance between enough detail to show off her worldbuilding and not so much detail that it drags the story down. Plus, she often explains her research and real-life counterparts to, say, the taboo against mixing the Forest with the Sea, in the author's notes. They were one of the earliest book series I read - and the best, in my opinion - and I think you'd enjoy them.
Robot CGP Grey! that was great man
Question : why weren't the orbital periods of the earth and moon 365.25 and 29.5? Or something closer? Where did the values come from?
ooh yeah! Conlang are my favorite episodes
Awesome. I really hope you enjoy the next video. :)
Brilliant. As usual.
Cheers, pal. :)
When looking for the common divisor of the months and years all my results were whole numbers (1, 2, 4, and 8). Is that normal?
where did the inspiration for the calendar series come from? i really liked it!
Does anyone know how to get that connect Calendar Day vs Actual Day spreadsheet
I've found that dividing your year in earth days by your number of months (Cell C25/E25, or using the equation =C25/E25) will give you whole numbers for the year in local days and month in local days, although that may just be my setup
Edit: It seems that using an equation like =C25/(E25*X), where X is a fraction with any denominator under a power of two (Like 7/8 or 49/32) seems to work up to a certain point with certain setups, this may need more experimentation
Edit 2: It seems these "perfect denominators" can be found my combining consecutive powers of two (ie 256+128=384 16+32=48
Edit 3: On further inspection, these numbers all seem to be the result of dividing or multiplying 1 by a multiple of 3 (ie 0.333... or 0.166...), still may need further experimentation
I know that this is an older video, but do you think you could make a google sheets version? Just make it non-editable unless you make a copy of it, because I don't have a program that can read the download.
May I know name of the software you are using to create videos ?
quick question:
is there any way to improve my lunisolar calendar? i made it for an earth culture i created. 30 and 29 day months alternating for 12 months for each normal year, leading to a 354 day year. so goes the following
here's how it works...
0 (21/Jun/1986)
-11
-11
-11
+30 Leap month
-3 (18/Jun/1989)
-11
-11
-11
+29 Leap month
-7 (14/Jun/1992)
-11
-11
-11
+30 Leap month
-10 (11/Jun/1995)
-11
-11
-11
+29 Leap month
-14 (07/Jun/1998)
+16
+2 (23/Jun/1998)
+4 (25/Jun/2010)
+7 (28/Jun/2022)
+14 (05/Jul/2058)
-14
0 (21/Jun/2058)
This might be almost incomprehensible, but i think listing it like my notes would be a bit better than just writing it out in a paragraph
The CGP Grey-Bot is fantastic.
Hang on, what's with 12:36:48 being the same as 01:00:00? Am I missing some reference? I'm severely confused
You should refer Saka or Vikram Samvant Calender from India. It is based on various of factors and compensating to seasons, orbits, etc.
at around 8:12, right when you say "who know" there's a frame with hidden content and I can't get to freeze the frame, tel me the content of the frame!!! It's driving me crazy
Thanks Artifexian i was able to make a calender with a leap month every 2 years. The year is 324 local days and the month of 24 local days.
A while back I was into dozenal and thought that base 12 was really the way to go. However, I'm not so sure anymore that base 12 is actually better than base 10. This mostly comes down to gaining a slightly easier divisibility for 3 at the expense of really difficult divisibility by 5. Now I think that senary (base 6) is the best of the bunch. Not only does it have almost all of the advantages of base 12, but it also has easy divisibility test for both 5 _and_ 7, meaning that base 6 handles the first four prime numbers fairly gracefully.
The only real drawback is how small base 6 is; the same number in decimal would require more digits to represent in senary. Think about trying to memorize phone numbers when they need three or four extra digits. The solution to this is to compress base 6 into base 36 somehow, which would result in numbers that had far fewer digits to represent the same value. The downside is that it would make math more complicated, but that would be alleviated if the base 36 numerals were designed such that it was easy to convert between base 6 and base 36.
Not that most people probably care about this, but I think it's interesting.
But if we all used a supposedly worse base, such as base 17, would there really be meaningful negative consequences to that? It would be more difficult to spontaneously calculate a fifth or third of some number, but in what non-arbitrary situation would a person need to do this? And if you're doing real scientific calculations then there is no alternative to performing all of the necessary mathematical operations and memorizing all of the multiplication tables, which is pretty much the same thing in any base. Also, would a smaller base really result in numbers being more difficult to memorize? You'd have to memorize more total digits, but there would also be less possible digits. It's really hard, perhaps impossible, to judge number bases other than your own; for example, if the most common base was 9, would people be so familiar with the benefits of square bases that they could not imagine living without them?
i love hearing "Good morning inter web lets world build so much" :) and can you go back to doing your old video style like when ones when you worked on Oa. I like that style better then this new one. :)
I was worried I would never see this channel upload again.
I was always gonna make more videos it was just a question of when.
I've got all of the podcast episodes downloaded.
WHY DID I NOT SEE THIS IN MY FEED?!
what about using excel's built in 'fill in until' function?
dude. you are a fucking genius. i discovered your channel today and i totally LOVE it!
For those of you who couldn't read the text at 8:12, it says:
;; I know 12:36:48 is actually 01:00:00. I just wanted to write 12, 36, and 48 on the screen. Also, I wanted to draw a digital clock! ;;
HESSSS BACKKKKKK
Hes finnaly back
Yup!
Great video editing!
Thanks, pal.
It's like you never left
Thanks, pal.
What do you do for birthdays and such with leap months??
This is very interesting. In my conworld, though, I guess most civilizations won't keep track of the moon in their calendars, because it's so small and dark (due to great distance and low albedo) it's barely visible.
08:12 i spend so much time figuring out what you wrote there :)
"Tirteent Mont" those are the two best words I have ever heard lol
If you still plan on continuing the star and star system videos, do you have plans to touch on what life would be like on a planet with two large moons or on binary planets?
The fact that you don't speak with dental fricatives frustrates me to no end but I love your videos anyway