10-Minute Neuroscience: Visual Pathways

In this video, I cover the pathway visual information travels moving from the eye to the visual cortex and surrounding areas. First, I discuss the components of the eye that focus light on the retina. Then, I describe the anatomy of the retina along with the functions of the different cell types found there. Next, I cover the pathways that carry visual information from the retina to the primary visual cortex. Finally, I describe how the primary visual cortex recruits surrounding visual areas to further process visual information.
Key points:
00:00 Introduction
00:22 Anatomy of the eye
1:35 The retina
2:48 Rods and cones
4:44 Other retinal cells
6:25 Pathway from the retina to visual cortex
8:04 Primary visual cortex and surrounding areas
REFERENCES:
Albright TD, Freiwald WA. 2021. High-Level Visual Processing: From Vision to Cognition. In: Kandel ER, Koester JD, Mack SH, Siegelbaum SA, eds. Principles of Neural Science, 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Breedlove SM, Watson NV. 2018. Behavioral Neuroscience. 8th ed. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Meister M, Tessier-Lavigne M. 2021. Low-Level Visual Processing: The Retina. In: Kandel ER, Koester JD, Mack SH, Siegelbaum SA, eds. Principles of Neural Science, 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, Hall WC, Lamantia AS, Mooney RD, Platt ML, White LE. 2018. Neuroscience. 6th ed. New York: Sinauer Associates.
Vanderah TW, Gould DJ. 2021. Nolte's The Human Brain: An Introduction to its Functional Anatomy. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.

[@redred7702]

Thank you. It’s always great to condense a 2 hour lecture subject into 10 minutes.

[@shalom8647]

This guy deserve more and more respect. You are so genius!!

[@z0nx]

Damn.. Couldn't stop watching. Really clean and clear for a dummy like me.

[@pabloverdi7543]

I like the longer format of these videos also. They are really helpful. Your diagrams are especially good.

[@owenthornton287]

Your videos have gotten me from freshman year through senior year as a neuroscience major. Thank you! I am now applying for grad schools this year!

[@neurochallenged]

That's awesome to hear! Good luck on grad school apps!

[@laubeatrice9547]

It is amazing how human body is designed especially when it comes to the brain and visual, thanks so much for making it possible for us who doesn't have the related background to appreciate how marvelous things are. It is so much better of the 10 mins video than the 2 min quick version one when it comes to science. Thank you again! Keep up the great work!

[@ornellarose4818]

The drawing is fantastic. So much effort is put into this!

[@Mattt303]

I like this longer format much more. Thx for sharing your work!

[@AnuranSamantabe22b006]

Loved your video so much sir!! Thank you so much for presenting such an interesting topic so concisely and elegantly!! Waiting for more neuroscience videos from you!!!

[@1234j]

Excellent video and presentation of information. Thank you from England.

[@rebel8216]

Thank you I really appreciated this video , lot of information in just 10 minutes

[@AT-gm6db]

Needed to understand this topic for finals thanks 👍

[@zappasnap588]

Great video, learnt about this in my module but this works as a perfect recap 🙂

[@dr_boho]

Thank you man. Crisp and specific!

[@ridwana0101]

I made it to the end of the playlist!

[@Elephantine999]

I love these presentations. Could you please do one about the path from the ear to the auditory cortex (which looks complicated, going to both sides of the brain and through the brain stem?), how the sound frequencies correspond to different areas of the auditory cortex, and how vision starts taking over the unused portions of the auditory cortex when you lose your hearing. Should be easy to do in just 10 minutes! :)

[@riffraftmusic8669]

Good reinforcement of some info from psych courses. Helps to hear it from someone other than my professors (though they're great). Loved the blind spot test, too!

[@shailadabholkar8152]

It is helpful for revision and thus remove the misconcepts thanks for sharing 🙏

[@cardioarchaentron4760]

Love you sir great work I have learnt so many things from you ❤❤from india

[@truthseeker787]

سبحانك ربي ما أعظمك و أرحمك

[@georgeelgin3903]

Thanks! The term Ganglion gets bantered around the lecture hall without any adequate explanation. In regards to Bi-polar cell [which organizes the image into it's horizontal vs vertical movements ?]. You carefully stays away from perception topics [the search for the jenifer anniston neurons' :L ]. Similiarly bin-Occular processing is longer topic than just left right brain.
For me blessed [or cursed] with only one eye; a burning issue has been to what extent brain development {Cortical} was inadequate in the left Hemisphere. I did post a clip of 5 cell types to FB

[@neurochallenged]

Thank you!

[@benyaminmccarty3980]

Really good video, so helpful to understand the pathway of vision 🙏

[@grin2a715]

Best explanation ! thank you so much .

[@gabryellamendes.]

thank you for sharing all this information!!

[@adrianoyorkshire]

Excellent. Thanks for sharing.

[@brontee]

thank-you for everything you do 🙏🏼

[@orionyedidia9191]

Fantastic bravo 👏

[@deussivenatura5805]

More of these long form vids please.

[@sonaseyidli5233]

thank you this video soo usefull

[@Bluefrfrfr]

Thank you so much this video was quite helpful

[@severinechantalou128]

Excellent!❤🎉

[@pabloverdi7543]

A video on the processing of the information would be great too, that is the area I am struggling with now. Sorry for multiple comments.

[@megaloschemos9113]

This is excellent thanks

[@margueriteoreilly2168]

Brilliant.......why haven't I seen these before
😎 🆒️ 😎
Belfast Ireland 🇮🇪 😎

[@doloresvictoria538]

vert impressive, excellent update

[@SaraAli-cl8qs]

You are amazing 🏅🏅🏅

[@Shadys_baby]

It's sad that I found this channel on the day of my neurophysiology exam. I wish I had found it sooner 😢.

[@VeganYeshua]

I love it 😂❤

[@ruben958]

Muy bueno sigue asi

[@grane1850]

thank you so much! are you planning to make a video about electrical circuit models for membrane potential? I feel like I would understand it only if I listen it from this channel :'))

[@neurochallenged]

Thanks! I'm not sure I'll be making a video that goes that in-depth into membrane potential, but maybe someday. I do explain the basics of membrane potential in terms of ion concentration etc. in this video: ruclips.net/video/TUOSCEVt6HI/видео.html

[@ranjanjoshi3454]

Thanks

[@fatedbrain6326]

❤

[@NotasdeAlabanza]

It seems the link to the blind spot test doesn't work.

[@NotasdeAlabanza]

Fast forward to the time stamp 4:07 so that 2 seconds later, the link comes out at the top right corner. Click on the "i" and you will see that it works the same as if that i never came out in the first place (it works the same as "see more from neuroscientifically challenged", which simply moves the page downwards as if one had pressed the "page down" button on their keyboard.

[@nancyt61]

Why this video is allowed to play in pip and not others?

[@ShawnGardner-u8r]

Why are the ganglion and bipolar cells 'before' the rods and cones? It gives the idea that the arrangement decreases the quality-definition of the visual data. It can't create a quality protection of the rods and cones. Why does visual cortex activity create visual perception?

[@georgeelgin3903]

so rods and cones density do not relate to horizontal & vertical ?? the layered nature reminds me of AI, but it seems like most of what we call vision is interpolated memories of objects moving through the field. this may be why early movies jittered

[@OrneAkter-g4x]

U look like jake Gyllenhaal

[@neurochallenged]

Not the first time I've heard that---I'll take it!😊

[@ShawnGardner-u8r]

Comedy?: There is a visual cortex so that the aft of the head heats up instead of the eyes being cooked in visual artists being over-clocked.😢