Solving an IMO Problem in 10 Minutes! | International Mathematical Olympiad 2006 P4

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  • Опубликовано: 12 дек 2024

Комментарии • 49

  • @sevenflowers6103
    @sevenflowers6103 Год назад +9

    hi so i solved before watching the video, and how i did it was to use y^2-1 on LHS and 2^x ( 1+2^x+1) on RHS. note that RHS is alreaedy resolved into two factors with even part and odd part seperated. and y^2-1 has factors (y-1)(y+1). now call y-1 as 2^s.h with h being odd , and compare the even and odd parts. solving a bit gives you that the only possible case is s=1. in this case i assume h+1 as 2^t.k and write the whole eqn in h and k, and then solve as diophantine. basically you get h = (k+8)/(k^2-8) which gives k=3 as the only value for which h is positive integer.

  • @pratikmaity4315
    @pratikmaity4315 4 года назад +35

    Keep going bro these kind of math problems motivate me a lot!!

  • @toppersclashing9550
    @toppersclashing9550 4 года назад +9

    I m sure ur channel will grow much larger just because the Content is awesome :)

  • @CHector1997
    @CHector1997 3 года назад +16

    You should have done the case x

  • @ahongkongmathlover5972
    @ahongkongmathlover5972 3 года назад +1

    Nice job! The video is awesome! Keep going!

  • @fansuli427
    @fansuli427 4 года назад +8

    Very clean problem solving process

  • @karolkurek9201
    @karolkurek9201 6 месяцев назад +2

    I didn't grab a finer point: how you went from 2^(x-1) congruent to 0 mod 8 to y+1+2^(x-1)=7*2^(2x-3). Can someone explain why k must be 2x-3, not 2x-1 or 2x+7 and so on?

  • @leonivanov2454
    @leonivanov2454 3 года назад

    4:14 i think you can immediately say that system 1 is not going to work because for big enough x in original equation LHS is odd thus y is odd, while in upper equation of system 1 RHS is odd, so y should be even, therefore contradiction.

    • @mrityunjaykumar4202
      @mrityunjaykumar4202 Год назад

      the RHS of the upper equation for system1 =7*2^k= even not odd.. if k>=1..though when taking the difference in system 1...2+2^x=7*2^(2x-3)-2=> taking (mod 8) both side...LHS=2(mod 8) while RHS=-2(mod 8).. this is contradiction..

  • @jinhuiliao1137
    @jinhuiliao1137 11 месяцев назад

    1) x=0 leads to (0, +/-2)
    2) x=-1 no integer solution for y
    3) x=2.
    Subcase 1: 2^(x-2)=t divides m
    Let m=kt, k are odd integers. (Since if y is a solution, -y is also a solution. For the purpose of simplicity, we only consider y>0 or k>0).
    Substitute:
    t(1+8t)=tk(kt+1)
    t=(k-1)/(8-k^2)>=2. No positive odd k satisfies.
    Subcase 1: 2^(x-2)=t divides m+1
    m+1=kt. k are odd integers. Similarly consider k>0 only.
    Substitute
    t(1+8t)=(kt-1)kt
    t=(k+1)/(k^2-8)>=2
    k=3 is the only positive odd integer that satisfies.
    t=(3+1)/(3^2-8)=4=2^(x-2)
    Solve x=4 any y=+/-23
    Taken together
    (0, 2), (0,-2), (4, 23), (4, -23) are the only integer sets that satisfy the original equations.

    • @absolutezero9874
      @absolutezero9874 10 месяцев назад

      Hi
      Why is k odd integer? Thanks

    • @jinhuiliao1137
      @jinhuiliao1137 10 месяцев назад

      @@absolutezero9874 any integer can be expressed as k2^n form, for odd k.

    • @absolutezero9874
      @absolutezero9874 10 месяцев назад

      Okay thanks
      Why is t = (k + 1)/(k^2 - 8) >=2?
      And the remaining steps
      Thanks

    • @jinhuiliao1137
      @jinhuiliao1137 10 месяцев назад

      @@absolutezero9874 at the beginning of case 4 we show x>=3 ( equivalent t=2^(x-2)>=2) . t = (k + 1)/(k^2 - 8) is the solution of t from previous equation: t(1+8t)=(kt-1)kt

    • @absolutezero9874
      @absolutezero9874 10 месяцев назад

      @@jinhuiliao1137
      Oh I see. Thanks!

  • @amaysharma1909
    @amaysharma1909 2 года назад

    A nice One that came in VOS MOCK!!

  • @alainrogez8485
    @alainrogez8485 3 года назад +2

    2:30 I don't understand where this 8 come from.

    • @FaranAiki
      @FaranAiki 3 года назад +2

      8 is from 2^3.
      We get 2^3 from the first equation. Yes, we can convert 2^(2x + 1) into 8(2^(x - 1)^2). Look closely, I'm not good at explaining.
      2^(2x + 1) = 2(2^(2x)) = 2((2^x)^2) = 2((2^(x + 1 - 1)^2) = 8((2^(x - 1))^2)

  • @mikesyd6529
    @mikesyd6529 2 года назад

    Systems 1 and 2 can be got much more simpler. F.e. just move 1 from left to the right. Everything else is superior, keep it up 👍

  • @jayachandranthuwaragesh4797
    @jayachandranthuwaragesh4797 3 года назад +2

    why havent u considered x

    • @mirkosaracino3208
      @mirkosaracino3208 6 месяцев назад

      Because LHS would become fraction while RHS isn't

  • @如一杨
    @如一杨 2 года назад

    applying that a^2+b^2=c^2 has a solution, I can only get the answer of x=0.

  • @mcwulf25
    @mcwulf25 2 года назад

    Blimey I thought I solved it by taking the trivial X=0 case and moving on to solve the difference of squares to get the X=4 solution. But my work wasn't done!!!

  • @kqp1998gyy
    @kqp1998gyy 4 года назад +2

    Excellent

  • @raghualluri4245
    @raghualluri4245 4 года назад +3

    Nice!!!

  • @pedrojose392
    @pedrojose392 3 года назад +5

    Good morning, from Brasil! I Allways give my like before watch the video. Most of time, I try to solve first.
    2^x + 2^(2x+1)=y^2-1
    We heave at least the trivial answer for x=0 and y=2 or y=-2.
    No negative answers for x as sqr(2^x+2^(2x+1)+1) will be not a integer. As 2^x+2^(2x+1)+1=2 for x=-1 and less than 2 for x

    • @mcwulf25
      @mcwulf25 2 года назад

      Good work. I started as you did but gave up at the factorisation stage as I thought I needed to find factor of (1+2^x+1) but I should have looked at this mod 4.

  • @emilsriram92
    @emilsriram92 3 года назад

    Hi, I might sound stupid to some of you with this question - why can't x or k be negtive (3:58)?
    But overall, I was able to easily keep up with everything else and I'm only a seventh grader. Cool solution.

    • @emilsriram92
      @emilsriram92 3 года назад +2

      Thinkcritically, some small advice. I love the solutions, but a bit more explaining will attract a larger audience. Sometimes you assume everyone is following your thought process. Love the vid tho!

    • @emilsriram92
      @emilsriram92 3 года назад +1

      Never mind. Pretty sure I understand now.

    • @pedrojose392
      @pedrojose392 3 года назад +4

      Good evening!
      Worse than a "stupid" question is remain whith a "stupid" doubt. If you does not understand ask!

    • @ZqTi0
      @ZqTi0 Год назад +1

      To understand a solution is one thing but to find one is another.

  • @juuso4939
    @juuso4939 11 месяцев назад

    I tried solving
    2^k[2^(x-k)+2^(2x+1-k)] = (y+1)(y-1)
    for some intermediate k between 0...x
    In other words equating 2^k and 2^(something else) with y+1 and y-1. However this doesnt give solutions other than the trivial x=0.
    It turns out the coefficient '7' is key solving this way because 7 cannot be distibuted into factors so it has to be in either term y-1 or y+1 together with 2^k, and only this way one can get the other solution (4,23).
    So the lesson is that one should try to modify the equations to get a prime factor, which will give unique solution for the (y+1) and (y-1) equations.

  • @tijanimaths6006
    @tijanimaths6006 3 года назад

    أحسنت

    • @studydotin3808
      @studydotin3808 3 года назад

      ruclips.net/video/Hq6ALW7H2Zc/видео.html

  • @alfeusdelroy4679
    @alfeusdelroy4679 4 года назад +10

    I came to see solutions, because i cant even understand the problem
    *I regret my decisions*

    • @eusterich3035
      @eusterich3035 3 года назад +2

      Curiosity is like that

    • @banana6108
      @banana6108 3 года назад +2

      Understanding problem isn't that hard but I get you

    • @studydotin3808
      @studydotin3808 3 года назад

      ruclips.net/video/Hq6ALW7H2Zc/видео.html

    • @ZqTi0
      @ZqTi0 Год назад

      There alot of way to solve it. Think of finding the values of x for which it the function produces a perfect square.

  • @benYaakov
    @benYaakov 3 года назад +4

    Assume 2^x as 'm' for some integer 'm'
    Now , equations become
    2m² + m + 1 = y²
    Use quadratic formula .
    For 'm' to be an integer , the determinant of formula must be a square number .
    So ,
    [1 - 4(8) ] must be a square number .
    But it is imaginary .
    XD 😂😂😂😂

    • @pedrojose392
      @pedrojose392 3 года назад +1

      Good evening!
      The determinant formula you used it is only for y=0. But y can assume any value in Z.
      E.g., if y=2 the determinant is 25 and x=1 is good. For y=23 the determinant is 4225 and we have x=4 for answer.

    • @benYaakov
      @benYaakov 3 года назад

      @@pedrojose392 nooooooooooooo