@@kapitany7449 nothing wrong with Arduinos. I use Arduino all the time. But, you are constrained by the modules you can buy. There are a lot of problems not adressed by popular youtubers just because there is no "Arduino module" to solve those problems.
@@guatagel2454 Understandable! I'm just a novice and reading your comment I thought there's a flaw in Arduinos or something. But you're right, it's not easy to search up fun electronic projects without Arduinos unfortunately. Thanks for the explanation!
At the 6-minute location you mentioned grounding the input of the unused opamp. This works well for bipolar power supplies but is often out of the common mode range of a single supply opamp. It is OK for your selected device (a rail-to-rail input and output device), but a better (more general) solution is to run the + input to your 2.5V reference. This way the opamp doesn't need to work as hard to make the output try to go to ground.
This video, your presentation style, and the way you designed and built the board at the end tickle all the right part of my brain. The simple current loop... Beautiful.
I love the old school analogue stuff. I like circuits that send signals through their own power lines. The receiver is so simple and elegant. Just 2 wire twisted pair! No gold plated; oxygen free, audio snobbery!
I am loving your content! I have a Computer Engineering degree and feel comfortable working with digital systems and programming, but there's always this sinking feeling I get when I think about having to solve circuit problems or implement a functional circuit for something from scratch. I like your videos because they cater to the edge of my skill level while still being understandable and inspiring. I ordered some two sided copper FRN boards and basic components to try to replicate some of the projects on your channel!
That's very efficient design in terms of complexity vs resulting quality - when I heard the problem in the beginning of the video, I've thought of something generally similar - but it was much more complex as I imagined it
Your detailed explanations of the circuit sections allow me to learn techniques/understanding that I can take on to my own projects, Leo. For example, quieting the power supply to the mic. It's also very instructive when you explain the practical limits of design choices such as how much current will flow in the loop. You have a totally relatable Art of Electronics way of explaining all this analog stuff that fascinates me. Thank you so much for sharing your work.
You got me with the link bait title. I stuck around as soon as you mentioned We Live In Public, and I left a happy viewer after seeing your schematics. Thanks for sharing and if you have any other pseudo stories, we’d love to hear them :)
What an awesome idea! I especially liked your self-made PCB design. Did stuff like that many years ago, nowadays I just fire up KiCAD and order some cheap boards... Gotta love your totally calm way of presenting your content ❤️
Leo: Very much enjoyed your video. I too have 'engineered' many innovative solutions but I never tire from looking at another engineer's solution and you've become one of my favorites! Current loops (for so many applications) are very underrated and a lot of engineers try to force common-mode voltage signals around the design environment with the expected dismal results. Even if you are talking digital signals, current loops offer much greater noise-margins and vastly lower implementation-costs! Even if you "bastardize" a solution into a pseudo balanced system, you can get great results. Along time ago, I found out that you could pipe NTSC video without using 75-Ohm coax and just use a simple twisted-pair instead. Also, current loops allow a nearly infinite amount of devices and are inherently easy to detect faults and troubleshoot. Great you posted this video and also showing the use of two transformers for signal enhancing while obliterating common mode noise. Thanks for posting!
Awesome detail and explanation. I was thinking sweeping for bugs, something more TSCM and my imagination went off more on my wishlist of them RDF to hunt down the source if wireless.
For me the most useful part of the video was right at the end where you showed your construction technique. The whole video was very interesting and I really appreciated the explanation of how the circuits actually work. Thanks.
Bastard Operators have been using CAT 3 and CAT 5 cables for microphones for decades. mic wired up to the office network jack with an amp speaker / recorder in the wiring closet. This is not new, but glad it found a productive use of thr technique. ;-)
I've been subscribed to you since your first couple videos, but hadn't seen anything since the "Laser Bamboo" video. Happened across your channel again and I had been unsubscribed! I know for a fact I was subscribed with the bell. RUclips is playing games again I think. Anyways, Another wonderful video!
Nice presentation! This is like how RFID chips get power and communicate, but with wires. In an RFID system, a typical keyless entry card has no battery. The card reader transmits RF energy to the card, which rectifies it to DC. The card sends back data by varying the load on its antenna, like Q1 in Leo's circuit (at 5:50 in the video). The card reader senses the load changes.
5:29 or so, I believe that graph is valid only when using powered microphones (ie. electrostatic mic with phantom power, or having DC voltage across a coiled mic - the latter is equivalent to using a speaker in reverse and makes very little sense as it will distort the signal*). please correct me if I'm wrong. * that's because on the "upper" part of the signal, there will be more current flowing through the wires and therefore more attenuation.
Copious comments below! Please keep producing videos! Even more on electronics you have made in the past and design decisions. Thank you for making the videos!
Wow, great video. I loved the explanations with schematics and data sheets-- I understood everything. Great way to explain the concepts! Maybe current loop is a lost lesser known solution, so nice to see a design explained in detail. But at >$100 per microphone I wonder if a digital solution is better. With $2 ESP with WiFi/Bluetooth or ARM with line drivers, some with MEMS microphone controllers, is an analog transmission optimal? I loved the footage of your rectilinear cut SMD PCBs, or whatever you call it was. (I remember your prior video on that.) I haven't tried that yet myself, but it is inspirational. Thanks for another thought provoking video.
The parts cost maybe $10.00 it's not the cost of parts, but the cost of LOW VOLUME MANUFACTURE that makes it $150.00 a unit. Make 1000's of something and it's cheap, but make 40 and the price is NASTY.
4 microphones? 5 microphones or a CAT5 cable? I count 7... + ground that makes 8 wires. You can even push it a bit further and use the shield as a ground. there might be some crosstalk, but if the microphones are situated in proximity to each other there will be acoustic "cross-talk" anyway.
Hi Leo, may I suggest you format the videos to ask for the subscribe and like a little earlier. It struggle to do it before RUclips takes me somewhere else.
Great video, how can I download the schematics? What type of microphone was used, whould any modification needed for it to work with the high impendance piezo sensors?
I enjoy your channel, and this vid was particularly interesting to an old tip and ring guy (me.) However, I have to chuckle a bit at your circuit build technique. Small PCBs are easy to design and very cheap to buy...as in 10 for $30 delivered from China in a week from the time you submit the Gerbers. You can put your tin snips out to pasture. 😊
@@CarlMarvin Exactly. For low volume prototyping this technique is just about perfect. (He has an excellent video talking about his prototyping tools that is well worth a view). The only thing that might be better would be a cnc mill suitable for pcbs. But that is only really worth it if you are doing a lot of prototyping.
@@CarlMarvin For design checks of non-RF boards, I use solderless breadboards. They are reusable, quick to assemble, and easy to revise. They also don't require any solder, flux, or grinding tiny particles of copper and fiberglass into the air. 😊
Nice...I like it :-) Reminded me of the time I used SATA cables for high-speed analog signals. Not sure why you used 2 xfmrs on the rx tho. A single unit should give all the CMR you need, no?
The main source of common mode nasty is capacitively coupled AC mains voltage, this gives you currents flowing the same direction in both wires. How do you convert the varying current flow into a voltage that is insensitive to common mode without a cancelation trick?
@@leosbagoftricks3732 Hmm, are you saying that the double xfmr is needed because you're operating in current mode? CM current will be flowing in stray capacitance for the most part, yes? So CMR will largely depend on balance? I still don't grok the 2-xfmr need. Nor have I ever seen it elsewhere. Still...willing to learn a new trick if I'm missing something! p.s., the circuit conjures memories of the olde POTS "hybrid" circuit :-)
I liked every second of this video but couldn't figure out the connection to the video title. Am I missing something or the title is somewhat poorly chosen?
@@leosbagoftricks3732 I didn't want to write that down :) I watched all of your videos, without taking the title into consideration. You dont need click-bait:)
your home made mics are $150 each? serious? WTF!.. how the hell.. i could get all them components for about $15......did you mean $150 for all the mics?!
Наука
![Electronic Circuitry Diagnosis And Fault Finding! [Repair]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/LC7OjuYAOQE/mqdefault.jpg)
In the age of Arduinos everywhere, this channel is pure gold. Thank you!
What's wrong with Arduinos?
@@kapitany7449 nothing wrong with Arduinos. I use Arduino all the time. But, you are constrained by the modules you can buy. There are a lot of problems not adressed by popular youtubers just because there is no "Arduino module" to solve those problems.
@@guatagel2454 Understandable! I'm just a novice and reading your comment I thought there's a flaw in Arduinos or something. But you're right, it's not easy to search up fun electronic projects without Arduinos unfortunately. Thanks for the explanation!
At the 6-minute location you mentioned grounding the input of the unused opamp. This works well for bipolar power supplies but is often out of the common mode range of a single supply opamp. It is OK for your selected device (a rail-to-rail input and output device), but a better (more general) solution is to run the + input to your 2.5V reference. This way the opamp doesn't need to work as hard to make the output try to go to ground.
I love your gratuitous visual metaphors! They make me smile.
This video, your presentation style, and the way you designed and built the board at the end tickle all the right part of my brain. The simple current loop... Beautiful.
It's a breath of fresh air to find someone who thinks this way.
I love the old school analogue stuff. I like circuits that send signals through their own power lines. The receiver is so simple and elegant. Just 2 wire twisted pair! No gold plated; oxygen free, audio snobbery!
I am loving your content! I have a Computer Engineering degree and feel comfortable working with digital systems and programming, but there's always this sinking feeling I get when I think about having to solve circuit problems or implement a functional circuit for something from scratch. I like your videos because they cater to the edge of my skill level while still being understandable and inspiring. I ordered some two sided copper FRN boards and basic components to try to replicate some of the projects on your channel!
Thank goodness, love your work teaching and pace.
Lightburn in the background. A good choice for your laserprojects!
Ok this one blew my mind. I will try and see the patterns you spoke about in previous video.
And now I wonder what the "Existential Crisis" box on the shelve might contain.
That's very efficient design in terms of complexity vs resulting quality - when I heard the problem in the beginning of the video, I've thought of something generally similar - but it was much more complex as I imagined it
Love these videos! Now I'm off to check all the wires in my house.
Once again, inventiveness and creativity against brute force and money. Kudos.
Your detailed explanations of the circuit sections allow me to learn techniques/understanding that I can take on to my own projects, Leo. For example, quieting the power supply to the mic. It's also very instructive when you explain the practical limits of design choices such as how much current will flow in the loop. You have a totally relatable Art of Electronics way of explaining all this analog stuff that fascinates me. Thank you so much for sharing your work.
More, moire, more! Thanks for sharing!
You got me with the link bait title. I stuck around as soon as you mentioned We Live In Public, and I left a happy viewer after seeing your schematics.
Thanks for sharing and if you have any other pseudo stories, we’d love to hear them :)
Cool- never thought anyone actually remembers Pseudo! haha
@@leosbagoftricks3732 It's because we're all getting old :) I wasn't involved at all - but moved to NY in the early 2000's and heard lots of stories.
What an awesome idea! I especially liked your self-made PCB design. Did stuff like that many years ago, nowadays I just fire up KiCAD and order some cheap boards... Gotta love your totally calm way of presenting your content ❤️
This takes me right back to when I was a kid and dabbled with building my own radio receiver hooked up to drainage pipes. :) Awesome!
so good to see you back! Looking forward to more
Very interesting video! I have to admit that I didn't really know how POTS worked until now.
I love your channel, Leo, and I love your shirts. Although this one is of the "interviewee trolling the camera person" variety 😀
This kind of stuff really makes me want to refresh and augment my electrical engineering knowledge. Thanks for brilliant videos as always!
Nice explainer Leo, Thanks!
So far I've only watched three videos from your channel and all of them are genius!
I can't say how much I love all the analog stuff you bring out here. It really is something special.
This channel is awesome. All the tricks you've picked up in your career are very insightful as an engineering student.
Leo: Very much enjoyed your video. I too have 'engineered' many innovative solutions but I never tire from looking at another engineer's solution and you've become one of my favorites!
Current loops (for so many applications) are very underrated and a lot of engineers try to force common-mode voltage signals around the design environment with the expected dismal results. Even if you are talking digital signals, current loops offer much greater noise-margins and vastly lower implementation-costs! Even if you "bastardize" a solution into a pseudo balanced system, you can get great results. Along time ago, I found out that you could pipe NTSC video without using 75-Ohm coax and just use a simple twisted-pair instead. Also, current loops allow a nearly infinite amount of devices and are inherently easy to detect faults and troubleshoot. Great you posted this video and also showing the use of two transformers for signal enhancing while obliterating common mode noise. Thanks for posting!
I really like your prototype circuit board building technique. Thanks for showing the diagram @18:07
Yes sir I learned amazingly lot from your 19min video. Thank you
Awesome detail and explanation. I was thinking sweeping for bugs, something more TSCM and my imagination went off more on my wishlist of them RDF to hunt down the source if wireless.
Reminded me the final scene of 1974s 'The Conversation', Gene Hackman ripping the main character's flat apart
AWESOME PROJECT!!!!
Your videos look like top tier professional content made by a team of 10+ professionals.
Awesome video!! Great job, Leo! 😊
For me the most useful part of the video was right at the end where you showed your construction technique. The whole video was very interesting and I really appreciated the explanation of how the circuits actually work. Thanks.
There is an earlier video on this channel that goes into great detail about the construction technique. Leo's channel rocks.
Bastard Operators have been using CAT 3 and CAT 5 cables for microphones for decades. mic wired up to the office network jack with an amp speaker / recorder in the wiring closet. This is not new, but glad it found a productive use of thr technique. ;-)
Very clever design. I really enjoyed watching this. Thanks for sharing!
Thank you explaining how your circuit works, Leo! Super Interesting.
Wonderful. Practical wisdom and skill. Inspiring. Thank you.
Lt spice is too advanced for myself as a beginner.. I'll get there one day..
I've been subscribed to you since your first couple videos, but hadn't seen anything since the "Laser Bamboo" video. Happened across your channel again and I had been unsubscribed! I know for a fact I was subscribed with the bell. RUclips is playing games again I think.
Anyways, Another wonderful video!
Nice presentation! This is like how RFID chips get power and communicate, but with wires. In an RFID system, a typical keyless entry card has no battery. The card reader transmits RF energy to the card, which rectifies it to DC. The card sends back data by varying the load on its antenna, like Q1 in Leo's circuit (at 5:50 in the video). The card reader senses the load changes.
Great video!
Another great video, thanks
Here goes a comment! I found your chanell a few days ago and already watched the whole thing. Very interesting stuff. Keep up the good work!
Just love this channel. It deserves more subscribers.
5:29 or so, I believe that graph is valid only when using powered microphones (ie. electrostatic mic with phantom power, or having DC voltage across a coiled mic - the latter is equivalent to using a speaker in reverse and makes very little sense as it will distort the signal*). please correct me if I'm wrong.
* that's because on the "upper" part of the signal, there will be more current flowing through the wires and therefore more attenuation.
Cool thing! I really liked the trick where you used two transformers to cancle out the distortions.
A vrey nice project inded
Cool!
You made me paranoid a lil xD but great content
Copious comments below! Please keep producing videos! Even more on electronics you have made in the past and design decisions. Thank you for making the videos!
Awesome
Wow, great video. I loved the explanations with schematics and data sheets-- I understood everything. Great way to explain the concepts! Maybe current loop is a lost lesser known solution, so nice to see a design explained in detail.
But at >$100 per microphone I wonder if a digital solution is better. With $2 ESP with WiFi/Bluetooth or ARM with line drivers, some with MEMS microphone controllers, is an analog transmission optimal?
I loved the footage of your rectilinear cut SMD PCBs, or whatever you call it was. (I remember your prior video on that.) I haven't tried that yet myself, but it is inspirational.
Thanks for another thought provoking video.
The parts cost maybe $10.00 it's not the cost of parts, but the cost of LOW VOLUME MANUFACTURE that makes it $150.00 a unit. Make 1000's of something and it's cheap, but make 40 and the price is NASTY.
you have to remember when this was built, way before $2 ESP's.
4 microphones? 5 microphones or a CAT5 cable? I count 7... + ground that makes 8 wires. You can even push it a bit further and use the shield as a ground. there might be some crosstalk, but if the microphones are situated in proximity to each other there will be acoustic "cross-talk" anyway.
Sir do more videos
My apartment is bugged! I have paranoid neighbors that spy on there neighbors... Lol
I believe my home is bugged. I think plug ins and light bulbs are being used to see in to my home. I can hear the people talking also.
Dude love your content
it makes me want to fire up my scope spit on my iron tip and attack the parts draw
Got a "smart home"? Then yes, your house is bugged.
Hi Leo, may I suggest you format the videos to ask for the subscribe and like a little earlier. It struggle to do it before RUclips takes me somewhere else.
Great video, how can I download the schematics? What type of microphone was used, whould any modification needed for it to work with the high impendance piezo sensors?
Very nice video, I love the current loop use, very clever. What mic capsule reference are you using ?
I'm surprised with the quality of the audio!
I enjoy your channel, and this vid was particularly interesting to an old tip and ring guy (me.) However, I have to chuckle a bit at your circuit build technique. Small PCBs are easy to design and very cheap to buy...as in 10 for $30 delivered from China in a week from the time you submit the Gerbers. You can put your tin snips out to pasture. 😊
That's a week for every design iteration....For rapid prototyping, this works brilliantly!
@@CarlMarvin Exactly. For low volume prototyping this technique is just about perfect. (He has an excellent video talking about his prototyping tools that is well worth a view). The only thing that might be better would be a cnc mill suitable for pcbs. But that is only really worth it if you are doing a lot of prototyping.
@@CarlMarvin For design checks of non-RF boards, I use solderless breadboards. They are reusable, quick to assemble, and easy to revise. They also don't require any solder, flux, or grinding tiny particles of copper and fiberglass into the air. 😊
@@ImnotChuck. breadboards are great, but this solution works well for SMD components
@@ImnotChuck. They are useless for anything that uses high freqs or currents.
Nice...I like it :-) Reminded me of the time I used SATA cables for high-speed analog signals. Not sure why you used 2 xfmrs on the rx tho. A single unit should give all the CMR you need, no?
The main source of common mode nasty is capacitively coupled AC mains voltage, this gives you currents flowing the same direction in both wires. How do you convert the varying current flow into a voltage that is insensitive to common mode without a cancelation trick?
@@leosbagoftricks3732 Hmm, are you saying that the double xfmr is needed because you're operating in current mode? CM current will be flowing in stray capacitance for the most part, yes? So CMR will largely depend on balance? I still don't grok the 2-xfmr need. Nor have I ever seen it elsewhere. Still...willing to learn a new trick if I'm missing something! p.s., the circuit conjures memories of the olde POTS "hybrid" circuit :-)
still hoping for stirling engine part 4 :(
Doing my part..
Do you test each resistor and component to consolidate then by value?
So how do you make a PCB out of seemingly a piece of wood?
just a comment for a comment, thank you!
Where would one find a common easy source for the transformers?
Digikey, Mouser, etc etc... It should be a 600:600 ohm audio coupling transformer. Beware the small cheap ones have crappy frequency response.
What do I do?
Can we use ne5542 op amp because it it easily accessible, please help me I am stuck at picking the similar op amp.
I liked every second of this video but couldn't figure out the connection to the video title. Am I missing something or the title is somewhat poorly chosen?
Clickbait? It worked?
@@leosbagoftricks3732 I didn't want to write that down :) I watched all of your videos, without taking the title into consideration. You dont need click-bait:)
@@meraydin1 thank you!
Thank you for video, the title and thumbnail is misleading I hope this clickbait is not your primary strategy.
It is really a great idea - I like it. thanks for making video like this - Three thumbs-up for you 👍👍👍
Are you teaching this kind of stuff somewhere, more regularly?
I think that he lives in Bangkok and teaches electronics at a school there.
@@MLSgeek wow, lucky kids
Copious comment below, it deserves 👍
Hi heres my copious comment below
your home made mics are $150 each? serious? WTF!.. how the hell.. i could get all them components for about $15......did you mean $150 for all the mics?!
Building low volumes of custom hardware is always painfully expensive, hidden costs and setup fees everywhere.