I wish people would research the dielectric (aka 'empty space') more. At time 4:23, "Faraday disconnected the battery, and an *_amazing thing_* happened..." There is a shock wave effect on the compass needle that is visible commencing time 4:25. The shock wave is a brief alignment of the dipole constituents of the dielectric in the immediate vicinity of the transformer secondary wire, a shock wave that is very quickly quenched away by the dipole constituents further displaced from the coils. The dipole constituents posses a magnetic moment and are polarize-able. The coupling from primary to secondary is enabled by the dielectric - by its constituents. *ANALOGY* - a submarine turns on a sea water boiler mounted at its front - the seawater in the immediate front turns to steam - the steam is quickly 'quenched' back to liquid by the massive volume of colder seawater adjacent to the steamed water The shock wave in this analogy is the water-to-steam phase change and its immediate quench by the ambient seawater. We use the existence of these dipole constituents and their polarize-ability in work on artificial gravity devices. A transformer's primary winding only produces an induced magnetic field/current flow in the secondary winding - a coupling through the 'empty' space between the pair of windings - via this shock wave, a very brief magnetic alignment of the dipole constituents in the immediate vicinity of the primary and secondary windings. At some point we'd like to create demonstrative experiments to expose the dipole constituents but it will come after our artgrav device work. The shock wave effect, which physically mimics the boiled-to-steam seawater example above, is an actual demonstration but it's too well known to be re-investigated by conventional thought. We needed to solve artificial gravity and were forced to discern the dipole constituents as the first step, there was no way around it. When you said 'Faraday was universally hated' at time 1:35, our small group knows what that's like. We relied on the following facts: 1) the dielectric is electrically polarize-able - it has to be, because the electric polarity of the field in an electromagnetic wave in space is an example of the dielectric's polarize-ability - and see *Vacuum Permittivity* page on wiki 2) the dielectric is magnetically polarize-able - same example, the magnetic field of an EM wave in 'empty' space fluctuates polarity - and see *Vacuum Permeability* page on wiki 3) the dielectric has a 'characteristic impedance' of 377 ohms 4) the annihilation of electron-positron pair creates two gamma rays and there is no gamma ray background in space It is our belief the dipole constituents of space are persistent particle-antiparticle dipole pairs, but that's a story for another day. I love your work, always look forward to it. The wife and I used to live in Silicon Valley - I attended UC Berkeley, she was crossing the Bay Bridge during the week to attend UCSF while I worked on my undergrad and grad degrees. Sorry for the length but it's an easy read for a scientist like you who possesses immense curiosity. .
Beautifully explained. You have a knack for keeping your audience enthralled, those 27 minutes were gone in a flash. Your enthusiasm for the history of science is contagious.
Oh, boy. I’m adding this to my “favorites” list. I’m really selective about that. This video is exceptional, especially given its brevity. So clear. And it does the rare magic of intersection history and science to make both come to life. Brava!!!
Take two of many plants, set one inside a house in front of a constant burning . wood fire so it has proper heat and water and nutrients the same as the other, that those elements will give it what plants require" and the other outside in the sun. The one in the sun will live the other will not. WHY? They both have heat and light and nutrients.
What a completely incredible mind this guy Faraday must have had. To develop these ideas in a time of such primitive notions and bald prejudices against anything new. It's a unique combination of sheer courage, curiosity and openness to experimentation. He's absolutely one of my heroes.
As an electrician who likes to geek out on this stuff, you are such an amazing fun source of information, science, and history. When my notifications tell me you have uploaded a video, I know that I am in for a major treat of the best dessert when I get the time to watch. If you ever get a chance to visit the Exploratorium in San Francisco, they have a fantastic section with interactive exhibits that allow one to experience a lot of the "hidden" world of electro-magnetism.
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics Wonderful! My main problem is that since they moved to the wharf, I have gone with my younger kids that have very different interests and patience levels than I do. Now that my youngest is 14 and no longer needs the same level or types of supervision , I want to go again.
@@GoCoyote My parents let me wander on my own when I was 7. I couldn't imagine being 14 and just being able to not need supervision in a Exploratorium of all things. At 14, I'd be going on cross country trips with just friends and completely unannounced.
@@pyropulseIXXI I am so glad to hear that you have had the wonderful experience of being “let loose” in the world in a positive way. I was looking back on a time when my younger child was 4 to 6, and had a tendency to just take off without any notice. Not a problem at home, since I just had to shout his name or look up the tallest tree when it was time to eat or do chores. But a little stressful to loose him in the city.
Outstanding video and content. Also, as a side comment, I remember when I was very young here in Brazil (around late 60's and early 70's). In that time, many translated books about physics still did use the concept of ether. We were almost a century behind any other country, probably because few extra-dumb people that were in charge of educational planning for decades. I remember asking a teacher, when I was 10, if space would be filled by ether, how could planets orbit the Sun without loosing speed because the friction with the ether. So, if ether would not cause friction then it should not exist at all. The answer was: "you do not have age enough to understand". So, although the internet now gives access to up-to-date information, we still need people like you, that presents the information in a coherent way. Understanding how physics evolved and how the scientists thought, gives perception of familiarity with our own thoughts, and a solid base to pursue more knowledge, going in the right direction. Thank you!
It is so depressing how some people call themselves teachers and yet try to stifle creativity. I’m so glad you stuck with physics despite that. Also, glad you like the video. Cheers, Kathy
There is a chapter in Feynman's "Surely you're joking, Mr. Feynman" (or was it the other one?) where Feynman describes his experience with university students in Brasil and the... suboptimal way of teaching physics there. I wonder if it was he who prompted a change in Brazilian physics education. The timing seems consistent.
@@dodatroda I am not sure I understood your comment. The concept of ether was to be some kind of media to convey something. In that time the books I found stated the space (outside our planet) would be filled by this ether and it would work like air (to convey sound). In this concept ether would have physical properties and "be" something. To my 10 years old brain it would mean capable of dragging, too. I believe this physical concept was what Faraday also rejected. When we take the ether out of the space, what we find is that space does not exist. It does need to exist. It has a name, but has no content. Well, this subject is quite funny. After all, there is the curvature in space-time and if something get curved it must be there. Perhaps this curvature is just an illustration of the effects of a gravity field, and not actually something being curved. This is why I love science... Even the emptiness is full of wonders.
I wish someone made such wonderful videos like these for the early chemists as well. The 'gas giants', Lavoisier, Cavendish, Seele, Priestley, Boyle and then tons of organic chemists like Haber, Berzelius, until you get to modern biochemistry starting with Pauling etc.
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics Yes. I love your videos. Especially the tragic Macbethian decline of Philip Lenard. I'm a chemist/biochemist. I wish I could help you with your research for famous chemists. I don't have as much time to do similar videos myself. :(
This video is to me, the most understandable collection of information, explaining both electricity and force. One which I have searched for, for many years, seriously. I think it's the specific collection of ideas together in one place, and navigated with your unique historical POV style, that allowed my penny to pass the mechanism. To analogize: Trying to understand how electricity propagates, is a walk across the desert, and this video transports me home, removes my boots, and soaks my feet. Thank you.
I am so glad you found my video so helpful. Your comment was so lovely I told my husband that he had to check out the comments specifically to read yours. Thank you.
Engineering classes on electromagnetics were just amazing. I witnessed the derivation of Ohm's Law from Maxwell's equations. (Tricky when to pull out a use of Taylor's Series first two terms). You rock. All the EM theory was retrieved to actually design 1GHZ signaling in modern Microprocessor boards. (1000mvpp with 50picosecon rise times)
Thank you, you made me appreciate Faraday's genius - to progress from such simple experiments to postulating the electromagnetic nature of light is astonishing.
For some reason his contributions and even Maxwells are hidden from the general public. We , geeks , know of Einstein’s hight appreciation for his work, but outside seldom he is included in the top scientist list. Faraday is even less named in such lists.
Just love how easily you put things in order as I'm getting older my brain usually has to work a bit harder but the way you lay it out makes it so Chrystal clear.
James Clark Maxwell, Faraday's mathematically gifted protege, had th exquisite personal pleasure of tell Faraday that calculus PROVED electrical and magnetic properties combined at th speed of light ie electromagnetic waves. as Faraday conjectured. what giants of science.
I'll be buying the book ! My life long fascination with magnets started at around age 5. I remember in 2nd grade getting a book at the library , In it , Was a section on some of the works of Michael Faraday , My life was set on a path , Right then and their. I'm 57. In 2014 , I met with Dr Michio Kaku , And presented him my scientific papers on what I call , Semi degenerate matter magnets. These magnets will solve humanitys energy needs and much more. Thank You !
Thanks for putting some flesh on the very bare bones I was taught back in the 1960s. All those names of theories, formulas and units become real people who had such dedication to understanding our world.
As much as i love the personal stories, this focus on science is just what my brain is longing for! So bring it on, it can never be too scientific or technical!
Another excellent lesson! I think I am beginning to actually UNDERSTAND this stuff - and most of my working career was in electronics! Of course when I started in that, vacuum tubes were still widespread, transistors were new and big enough to hold and see, and "integrated circuits" were built on perfboard - again, using components you could hold and see. How times have changed in my 70+ years. Your videos are helping me actually understand the physics instead of just taking the effects as "revealed truth." Thank you! And I am going to pre-order the book for my Kindle now.
Your work and effort are very highly appreciated. I am a graduate of Electrical Engineering and astounded by your research. I am enlightened and understand deeper the fundamentals.🙏
What a great video, Kathy! I've known for a while about Maxwell's equations and permittivity/permissivity giving the speed of light and light being alternating electric/magnetic fields, but I had no idea that Faraday had thought-experimented the same AND didn't need the ether!! And I love how you show the actual texts of Faraday's writings to show he really was thinking this.
I am so glad you liked it. I was also shocked by how influential Faraday was. It is so fun to go back to the original documents and see how all these ideas developed.
Wonderful as always. Interesting how nowadays everyone's ok with an invisible electromagnetic field like Faraday first foretold, but the math of Maxwell defeats most of us. Don't forget Emmy Noether: Every continuous symmetry gives rise to a conserved quantity. Woman genius finds success at the turn of the 20th century. Fundamental laws of nature, must have plenty to do with electromagnetism.
Emmy Noether was more of a mathematician so I tend to ignore her - but as I am getting into the theories of fields more, maybe I should take a closer look.
17:22 WOW am floored by this! Faraday moves up to number 3 in my listing of smartest physics thinkers. The mechanical playing / experimenting of Faraday is perfect time in history of physics, like a "workshop of electromagnetism discoveries". and omg Faraday picked it apart with what seems to me like genius level skill. I don't know much of the "giants" in physics (except Einstein) but surely is generally accepted Faraday would rank high on such a list 22:55 if Faraday DID have the math skills...what would Maxwell have done? lol If Faraday had proper education in fundamentals omg...AND that's all in the context of having had heavy metal poisoning...who knows if and to what degree that impacted his remarkable cognitive ability I like Faraday more because of how he seems to think, it's like Einstein imo...very "mechanical". and LOVE to hear that Faraday in the climax of ether physics narrative he doesn't want to subscribe (omg if he had proper post secondary I think he would had confidently taken a position against)
thank you so much for these wonderful videos. i am 75 and was pulled to electricity in my shortwave listening, ham radio days as a teenager.the bouncing of wireless signals around the earth was at once a mystery to me but always fascinating. these lectures on electricity /magnetism discovery continue to pique my curiosity.keep up the great work. john
Faraday was so close to getting it right, it's really amazing. It's too bad he didn't have the math skills that Maxwell did. Two amazing giants of physics to be sure. Thank you Kathy for this great video. The whole concept of fields has become so important to our fundamental understanding of physics. Now we see them from a quantum field perspective, and that really rocks. I recently read a paper from the American Journal of Physics March 2013 by Art Hobson titled "There are No Particles, There are Only Fields". One of his conclusions is that "...there are no particles, but only particle-like phenomena caused by field quantization." I know this is a bit far afield (no pun intended) from your subject, but it seems to me that Faraday did a lot to get us immersed in the idea of fields so necessary to quantum physics today.
I agree with you 100% on Faraday and QM. That’s why I was saying the idea of fields is so foundational for modern physics. Honestly I think that Farity could think the way he did because he couldn’t do the math. I think that his lack of math skills caused him to consider problems with different concepts and different ideas and his lack of education allowed him to fundamentally reshape Physics and Chemistry. And when you add the mathematical genius of Maxwell? You get magic.
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics When studying physics, I noticed that once you can do the math, you get to results faster, but its also narrowing your view on the problem since you tend to go math first. I would agree that Faradays genius may have been a result of NOT being able to do the math.
@@wernerviehhauser94 Yes, I think that was Faraday's genius. I'm not saying the math isn't important. It absolutely is. But, I'm NOT in the camp who would say, "Just shut up and calculate." To me, that is not satisfying. I need to have a picture in my mind of what the math is really saying. That's particularly hard with QM because as Arvin Ash and Sabine Hossenfelder point out in a video they did together, we don't have the language to describe QM since it's not what we see in everyday life. While I understand the definition of a field, I still have trouble trying to get a good intuitive feel for what that means; i.e., what's the physical "thing"?
@@pyropulseIXXI Of course Faraday got many different things right. My point is his lack of the necessary math skills kept him from getting to the next step, which was later accomplished by Maxwell. Faraday made so many great contributions. My comment was not meant to disparage his accomplishments.
Hi Kathy, thank you for your time and commitment to physics, like all your RUclips presentations they are excellent keep up the exceptional work. Greetings from Melbourne Australia Regards, Harry
I’ve been putting off this video for awhile. Faraday was the man, but I know I’ll learn something new anyway. Science history is the best because it’s all documented. Love the channel. Looking forward to the video.
Thanks for bringing us to multiple timelines and influences so we can see how one discovery led to another. Then to clearly see the brilliance of Faraday and Maxwell. Sonya
The superb level of scholarship you bring to each and every video never fails to impress me. Science for science's sake type of videos have their place, but your 'formula' (yes, inverted somewhat in this video) of integrating the history, development and personalities behind these ideas is wonderful. The cliché of 'brings science/history alive' is overused, but you really do. Your channel deserves every success and I'm flabbergasted it doesn't have more followers yet. Perhaps more guest appearances on other channels to spread the word? It was great seeing you on Dave Jones' EEV blog. Keep up the good work.
Kathy makes the very best presentations I have ever witnessed. Extremely educational, interesting and such details, Thank you so much for sharing with us , Bill D..
Oh. I am already seeing the release of the video about "Amperes Biography" as an ideal for normal people, who like to study physics or electric equation. Not only, that we value his work on electrodynamics, but also his continous attempt to progress his understanding and scientifique endeavour. As usual all of these videos are so helpful milestones to remember, access and appreciate the equation. It is not a simple equation. It represents determination, work and humble humanity. Whoever studies the origin of equation can then yield and also shape his own character thanks to the authors contribution and the following teachers passioniate work.
Great video as usual we appreciate your work so much! Faraday was lost between the ether and lines of electric or magnetic force are the same! Even Maxwell's fields are the same field which is the ether. Because a field is an attribute or a result of something and not a thing by itself. Tesla said EMR is like a whistle in the ether. Steinmetz which was possibly the smartest person in his time that generators are churning up the ether. And generators are not actually generating anything, but manifesting. Can't wait for the next part!
Bravo! Thank you for a wonderfully coherent and appropriately paced story of the development of electromagnetic knowledge. Your five-star presentation provided me with a deeper philosophic visitation of the invisible. I think it was your choice of visuals that provided enough insight into the subject to nudge epiphany. Love your work. Your new book is exciting.
Kathy, you are so amazing! This episoade is a real treasure. Be blessed and thank you for all the content you put it on this chanell. It is really therapeutic and motivational for all the science lovers.
Absolutely insightful. I had always suspected that Faraday was a true revolutionary and philosopher-scientist.We are equally fortunate to be blessed with the personage of James Clerk Maxwell to properly understand the nature of what Faraday had accomplished and especially provide the proof of the propagation of light as magneto-electric, that is, non-aetherial and therefore material, universal and atomic.The engineering which followed in harnessing the natural force of both the atom and electromagnetism I speculate would have been immeasurably delayed without them notwithstanding the contributions of all the Continental Science contained by their formulation of the connection between light, and the electromagnetic force being materially integral for discovery then also of the binding force within the atom and its constituency.
Great to have a video devoted to the one of the greatest experimental scientist we ever had - who paved the way for most of the other physics/ chemistry discoveries possible within short period after his discoveries but not popular in the internet video creations. Your's full of genuine information with all the proofs & convincing manner of presentation good example for the others not to make misinformed, fake, bogus & sensational effect videos that flourishing in the internet.
hello there kathy i am no physicist but am such a great fan of both faraday and maxwell and of course boltzman for the singular way he enchanted and galvinized elise meitner the true mother of nuclear fission . i even like feinman because he once said something utterly amazing he said that for one person to say even the simplest sentence to another person and be both heard and understood thousands of operations electro chemical even electro nuclear must operate in perfect synchrony instantaneously . to date no one i know has ever made a video dramatizing and supporting his stupendous claim any way i can think of any one else but you to attempt such an unprecedented video i love your intensity and energy truly a many splendored thing
Kathy, I wish I was able to give financial support, alas that's not the case. I also wish that many teachers would have a greater degree of the enthusiasm you bring to your presentation's.
What a beautiful character - the same gentle level modest sincere character methinks that William Pitt the younger had in politics. So settling that his work was advanced through experiment and not algebraic formulation - inspiring.
Describing faraday as a beautiful, gentle, modest, sincere character is perfect. I agree with you 100% (not sure about William Pitt the younger as I don’t know him very well - mostly I just remember people making fun of him on Blackadder but I don’t think that was historically accurate 🤣)
The Field work of Gauss and Euler in actual fields of blowing plants and vector-values in directional navigation-mapping are a good basis from which to extend the Observer's POV to 0-1-2-ness logarithmic condensation AM-FM alignments of probabilities in potential e-Pi-i numberness possibilities. A 3D-T GD&P Actuality occupational interest, in the field of vector-value perspectives. Fun to imagine.
Why am I ordering so many books from RUclipsrs???? As promised, your new book was available for preorder from my local independent bookstore. So now you're in the company of Becky Smethurst, Sabine Hossenfelder, Matt Parker, and Xiran Jay Zhao. (Yes, I'm name dropping hints for others here, just in case they're not familiar with Dr. Becky or Sabine in particular.) If I'm going to name drop anyway, I should give a shout out to Brian Koberlein, He isn't as active on RUclips (last videos were 5 years ago), but he has a wonderful talent for communicating to those who aren't specialists in his field. Back when G+ was still a thing, he would post regularly about the latest science headlines and replacing the click-bait with the actual substance. One last name drop: my Dad. He made extra money in high school repairing radios and other electronics of the day. I read through his old texts when I was younger. I really appreciate the way you delve into so much of the history here - I've always know these names and their general contributions, but I've never gone to the depths you share so enthusiastically. (Or, I've forgotten some in my approaching senility...😜 Looking forward to picking up your book in October!!
Fantastic, I didn't know that Faraday had thought about electromagnetic waves and even discarde the ether. I thought that was the original contribution by Maxwell, which was later experimentally confirmed by Hertz.
In mathematics, *a field* is the situation you have when, relative to a set of numbers, and a specified mathematical operation (such as addition), you can take any two numbers from the set, apply the specified mathematical operation, and the result will always yield a number that is already a member of the indicated set of numbers.
I will take the unheralded thinkers of those days like Faraday and Armstrong instead of the overrated tinkerers like DeForest and Tesla. This video was very informative. You rock Kathy!
My dream of being a physicist was killed in my first semester of grad school by a spiteful graduate advisor, but this channel helps me get my fill of the subject I love so much.
I often recommend your show to anyone who wants to hear about these people and there background and how they struggle, getting divorced and etc. this is so interesting to hear about these peoples stories . So I like electricity ⚡️😊🎸🌹
Well done Kathy, one of the interesting things you mention at the end is why they used the term field due to volume. It interests me due to the point source nature of the inverse square law and how it expands at a rate inverse to its volume. The question is does it become the square law when the wave has a 360° central axis as its points source(toroid/coil of wire)? Experimental evidence and the math suggests it does, we call it the Theta or Z-pinch.
Faraday's greatest discovery was electric and magnetic fields, for which he was never given any credit. As for the speed of electromagnetic fields, called light, only Maxwell personally informed him that is idea was correct.
My cars dash use to have white papers all over it. It was my filing system. When the sun hit them I could see them on my windshield(my windshield was dirty) When I put on my sunglasses the pages would disappear. It was a beautiful example of how polarized lenses worked.
I often wonder if Steinmetz's concept of Phasors, which includes that a sinusoidal signal on a wire can have a leading or a lagging Power Factor (or even a phase shift of zero) was actually another way of presenting the combined RLC aspect of Heaviside's Telegrapher's Equation.
If you would like to read the script for this video with citations I put it on my website
kathylovesphysics.com/magnetic-fields-physics-and-history/
Thankyou so much madam, for this awesome collection of facts in an intriguing way. 😇
I wish people would research the dielectric (aka 'empty space') more. At time 4:23, "Faraday disconnected the battery, and an *_amazing thing_* happened..."
There is a shock wave effect on the compass needle that is visible commencing time 4:25.
The shock wave is a brief alignment of the dipole constituents of the dielectric in the immediate vicinity of the transformer secondary wire, a shock wave that is very quickly quenched away by the dipole constituents further displaced from the coils. The dipole constituents posses a magnetic moment and are polarize-able. The coupling from primary to secondary is enabled by the dielectric - by its constituents.
*ANALOGY*
- a submarine turns on a sea water boiler mounted at its front
- the seawater in the immediate front turns to steam
- the steam is quickly 'quenched' back to liquid by the massive volume of colder seawater adjacent to the steamed water
The shock wave in this analogy is the water-to-steam phase change and its immediate quench by the ambient seawater.
We use the existence of these dipole constituents and their polarize-ability in work on artificial gravity devices.
A transformer's primary winding only produces an induced magnetic field/current flow in the secondary winding - a coupling through the 'empty' space between the pair of windings - via this shock wave, a very brief magnetic alignment of the dipole constituents in the immediate vicinity of the primary and secondary windings.
At some point we'd like to create demonstrative experiments to expose the dipole constituents but it will come after our artgrav device work.
The shock wave effect, which physically mimics the boiled-to-steam seawater example above, is an actual demonstration but it's too well known to be re-investigated by conventional thought.
We needed to solve artificial gravity and were forced to discern the dipole constituents as the first step, there was no way around it.
When you said 'Faraday was universally hated' at time 1:35, our small group knows what that's like. We relied on the following facts:
1) the dielectric is electrically polarize-able - it has to be, because the electric polarity of the field in an electromagnetic wave in space is an example of the dielectric's polarize-ability - and see *Vacuum Permittivity* page on wiki
2) the dielectric is magnetically polarize-able - same example, the magnetic field of an EM wave in 'empty' space fluctuates polarity - and see *Vacuum Permeability* page on wiki
3) the dielectric has a 'characteristic impedance' of 377 ohms
4) the annihilation of electron-positron pair creates two gamma rays and there is no gamma ray background in space
It is our belief the dipole constituents of space are persistent particle-antiparticle dipole pairs, but that's a story for another day.
I love your work, always look forward to it. The wife and I used to live in Silicon Valley - I attended UC Berkeley, she was crossing the Bay Bridge during the week to attend UCSF while I worked on my undergrad and grad degrees. Sorry for the length but it's an easy read for a scientist like you who possesses immense curiosity.
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Michael Faraday is an inspiration to every student who ever appreciated science but didn't do well in math.
Beautifully explained. You have a knack for keeping your audience enthralled, those 27 minutes were gone in a flash. Your enthusiasm for the history of science is contagious.
Glad it was helpful!
Oh, boy. I’m adding this to my “favorites” list. I’m really selective about that. This video is exceptional, especially given its brevity. So clear. And it does the rare magic of intersection history and science to make both come to life. Brava!!!
Thank you!
Take two of many plants, set one inside a house in front of a constant burning . wood fire so it has proper heat and water and nutrients the same as the other, that those elements will give it what plants require" and the other outside in the sun.
The one in the sun will live the other will not.
WHY?
They both have heat and light and nutrients.
Hear hear. Superb explanation and a joy to listen to. Well done Kathy
@@scienteer3562 Indeed.She informs, AND makes me laugh.
What a completely incredible mind this guy Faraday must have had. To develop these ideas in a time of such primitive notions and bald prejudices against anything new. It's a unique combination of sheer courage, curiosity and openness to experimentation. He's absolutely one of my heroes.
As an electrician who likes to geek out on this stuff, you are such an amazing fun source of information, science, and history. When my notifications tell me you have uploaded a video, I know that I am in for a major treat of the best dessert when I get the time to watch. If you ever get a chance to visit the Exploratorium in San Francisco, they have a fantastic section with interactive exhibits that allow one to experience a lot of the "hidden" world of electro-magnetism.
I grew up with the Exploratorium! Part of the reason I became a scientist/science teacher.
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics
Wonderful! My main problem is that since they moved to the wharf, I have gone with my younger kids that have very different interests and patience levels than I do. Now that my youngest is 14 and no longer needs the same level or types of supervision , I want to go again.
@@GoCoyote My parents let me wander on my own when I was 7. I couldn't imagine being 14 and just being able to not need supervision in a Exploratorium of all things. At 14, I'd be going on cross country trips with just friends and completely unannounced.
@@pyropulseIXXI
I am so glad to hear that you have had the wonderful experience of being “let loose” in the world in a positive way. I was looking back on a time when my younger child was 4 to 6, and had a tendency to just take off without any notice. Not a problem at home, since I just had to shout his name or look up the tallest tree when it was time to eat or do chores. But a little stressful to loose him in the city.
Outstanding video and content. Also, as a side comment, I remember when I was very young here in Brazil (around late 60's and early 70's). In that time, many translated books about physics still did use the concept of ether. We were almost a century behind any other country, probably because few extra-dumb people that were in charge of educational planning for decades.
I remember asking a teacher, when I was 10, if space would be filled by ether, how could planets orbit the Sun without loosing speed because the friction with the ether. So, if ether would not cause friction then it should not exist at all. The answer was: "you do not have age enough to understand".
So, although the internet now gives access to up-to-date information, we still need people like you, that presents the information in a coherent way. Understanding how physics evolved and how the scientists thought, gives perception of familiarity with our own thoughts, and a solid base to pursue more knowledge, going in the right direction.
Thank you!
It is so depressing how some people call themselves teachers and yet try to stifle creativity. I’m so glad you stuck with physics despite that. Also, glad you like the video. Cheers, Kathy
There is a chapter in Feynman's "Surely you're joking, Mr. Feynman" (or was it the other one?) where Feynman describes his experience with university students in Brasil and the... suboptimal way of teaching physics there. I wonder if it was he who prompted a change in Brazilian physics education. The timing seems consistent.
@@dodatroda I am not sure I understood your comment. The concept of ether was to be some kind of media to convey something. In that time the books I found stated the space (outside our planet) would be filled by this ether and it would work like air (to convey sound). In this concept ether would have physical properties and "be" something. To my 10 years old brain it would mean capable of dragging, too. I believe this physical concept was what Faraday also rejected. When we take the ether out of the space, what we find is that space does not exist. It does need to exist. It has a name, but has no content. Well, this subject is quite funny. After all, there is the curvature in space-time and if something get curved it must be there. Perhaps this curvature is just an illustration of the effects of a gravity field, and not actually something being curved. This is why I love science... Even the emptiness is full of wonders.
I wish someone made such wonderful videos like these for the early chemists as well. The 'gas giants', Lavoisier, Cavendish, Seele, Priestley, Boyle and then tons of organic chemists like Haber, Berzelius, until you get to modern biochemistry starting with Pauling etc.
Thanks, wish I had more Chemistry knowledge (although I do cover some chemists including Haber).
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics Yes. I love your videos. Especially the tragic Macbethian decline of Philip Lenard. I'm a chemist/biochemist. I wish I could help you with your research for famous chemists. I don't have as much time to do similar videos myself. :(
This video is to me, the most understandable collection of information, explaining both electricity and force.
One which I have searched for, for many years, seriously.
I think it's the specific collection of ideas together in one place, and navigated with your unique historical POV style, that allowed my penny to pass the mechanism.
To analogize: Trying to understand how electricity propagates, is a walk across the desert, and this video transports me home, removes my boots, and soaks my feet.
Thank you.
I am so glad you found my video so helpful. Your comment was so lovely I told my husband that he had to check out the comments specifically to read yours. Thank you.
Engineering classes on electromagnetics were just amazing. I witnessed the derivation of Ohm's Law from Maxwell's equations. (Tricky when to pull out a use of Taylor's Series first two terms). You rock. All the EM theory was retrieved to actually design 1GHZ signaling in modern Microprocessor boards. (1000mvpp with 50picosecon rise times)
Thank you, you made me appreciate Faraday's genius - to progress from such simple experiments to postulating the electromagnetic nature of light is astonishing.
Faraday is definitely one of my favorites and it makes me happy to share my appreciation of him
For some reason his contributions and even Maxwells are hidden from the general public. We , geeks , know of Einstein’s hight appreciation for his work, but outside seldom he is included in the top scientist list. Faraday is even less named in such lists.
Just love how easily you put things in order as I'm getting older my brain usually has to work a bit harder but the way you lay it out makes it so Chrystal clear.
I’m so glad you liked it
James Clark Maxwell, Faraday's mathematically gifted protege, had th exquisite personal pleasure of tell Faraday that calculus PROVED electrical and magnetic properties combined at th speed of light ie electromagnetic waves. as Faraday conjectured.
what giants of science.
I'll be buying the book ! My life long fascination with magnets started at around age 5. I remember in 2nd grade getting a book at the library , In it , Was a section on some of the works of Michael Faraday , My life was set on a path , Right then and their. I'm 57. In 2014 , I met with Dr Michio Kaku , And presented him my scientific papers on what I call , Semi degenerate matter magnets. These magnets will solve humanitys energy needs and much more. Thank You !
Bingeing your videos. The deep dive physics with contextual background is a golden approach for us science nerds
Thanks for putting some flesh on the very bare bones I was taught back in the 1960s.
All those names of theories, formulas and units become real people who had such dedication to understanding our world.
As much as i love the personal stories, this focus on science is just what my brain is longing for! So bring it on, it can never be too scientific or technical!
You should be happy with the next several videos I have planned (aside from one where I unbox my book - that will be all personal :P)
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics I am looking forward to see these planned videos, including the unboxing! :P
Another excellent lesson! I think I am beginning to actually UNDERSTAND this stuff - and most of my working career was in electronics! Of course when I started in that, vacuum tubes were still widespread, transistors were new and big enough to hold and see, and "integrated circuits" were built on perfboard - again, using components you could hold and see. How times have changed in my 70+ years. Your videos are helping me actually understand the physics instead of just taking the effects as "revealed truth." Thank you! And I am going to pre-order the book for my Kindle now.
I am becoming a big Faraday fan. Thanks, Kathy!
Your work and effort are very highly appreciated. I am a graduate of Electrical Engineering and astounded by your research. I am enlightened and understand deeper the fundamentals.🙏
Please keep making vedios about waves in general... Thank you for your efforts of making this world a better place to live on
That is such a lovely thing to say. Thank you
What a great video, Kathy! I've known for a while about Maxwell's equations and permittivity/permissivity giving the speed of light and light being alternating electric/magnetic fields, but I had no idea that Faraday had thought-experimented the same AND didn't need the ether!! And I love how you show the actual texts of Faraday's writings to show he really was thinking this.
I am so glad you liked it. I was also shocked by how influential Faraday was. It is so fun to go back to the original documents and see how all these ideas developed.
Wonderful as always. Interesting how nowadays everyone's ok with an invisible electromagnetic field like Faraday first foretold, but the math of Maxwell defeats most of us.
Don't forget Emmy Noether: Every continuous symmetry gives rise to a conserved quantity. Woman genius finds success at the turn of the 20th century. Fundamental laws of nature, must have plenty to do with electromagnetism.
Noether was truly one of the greatest, but pls don't make a gender issue about this.
@@bocckoka It's my pitch. Kathy likes the feminist stories.
Emmy Noether was more of a mathematician so I tend to ignore her - but as I am getting into the theories of fields more, maybe I should take a closer look.
Great video Kathy !
17:22 WOW am floored by this! Faraday moves up to number 3 in my listing of smartest physics thinkers. The mechanical playing / experimenting of Faraday is perfect time in history of physics, like a "workshop of electromagnetism discoveries". and omg Faraday picked it apart with what seems to me like genius level skill.
I don't know much of the "giants" in physics (except Einstein) but surely is generally accepted Faraday would rank high on such a list
22:55 if Faraday DID have the math skills...what would Maxwell have done? lol If Faraday had proper education in fundamentals omg...AND that's all in the context of having had heavy metal poisoning...who knows if and to what degree that impacted his remarkable cognitive ability
I like Faraday more because of how he seems to think, it's like Einstein imo...very "mechanical". and LOVE to hear that Faraday in the climax of ether physics narrative he doesn't want to subscribe (omg if he had proper post secondary I think he would had confidently taken a position against)
thank you so much for these wonderful videos.
i am 75 and was pulled to electricity in my shortwave listening, ham radio days as a teenager.the bouncing of wireless signals around the earth was at once a mystery to me but always fascinating.
these lectures on electricity /magnetism discovery continue to pique my curiosity.keep up the great work.
john
Kathy did a talk for ham radio enthusiasts before.
And this, ladies & gentlemen, is how you bring kids to engineering and sciences !
An excellent summary!
From an Electrical Engineer.
Thank you!
Amazing! I visited Faraday's lab at the Royal Insitution. I must say it's the best travel and experience I have ever made. I gotta buy your book
On page 21:00 Faraday’s transverse wave model makes sense to me. This model also supports multi and circular polarization.
Faraday was so close to getting it right, it's really amazing. It's too bad he didn't have the math skills that Maxwell did. Two amazing giants of physics to be sure. Thank you Kathy for this great video.
The whole concept of fields has become so important to our fundamental understanding of physics. Now we see them from a quantum field perspective, and that really rocks. I recently read a paper from the American Journal of Physics March 2013 by Art Hobson titled "There are No Particles, There are Only Fields". One of his conclusions is that "...there are no particles, but only particle-like phenomena caused by field quantization." I know this is a bit far afield (no pun intended) from your subject, but it seems to me that Faraday did a lot to get us immersed in the idea of fields so necessary to quantum physics today.
I agree with you 100% on Faraday and QM. That’s why I was saying the idea of fields is so foundational for modern physics. Honestly I think that Farity could think the way he did because he couldn’t do the math. I think that his lack of math skills caused him to consider problems with different concepts and different ideas and his lack of education allowed him to fundamentally reshape Physics and Chemistry. And when you add the mathematical genius of Maxwell? You get magic.
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics When studying physics, I noticed that once you can do the math, you get to results faster, but its also narrowing your view on the problem since you tend to go math first. I would agree that Faradays genius may have been a result of NOT being able to do the math.
@@wernerviehhauser94 Yes, I think that was Faraday's genius. I'm not saying the math isn't important. It absolutely is. But, I'm NOT in the camp who would say, "Just shut up and calculate." To me, that is not satisfying. I need to have a picture in my mind of what the math is really saying. That's particularly hard with QM because as Arvin Ash and Sabine Hossenfelder point out in a video they did together, we don't have the language to describe QM since it's not what we see in everyday life. While I understand the definition of a field, I still have trouble trying to get a good intuitive feel for what that means; i.e., what's the physical "thing"?
What do you mean "so close to getting it right?" He did get it right, on many different things....
@@pyropulseIXXI Of course Faraday got many different things right. My point is his lack of the necessary math skills kept him from getting to the next step, which was later accomplished by Maxwell. Faraday made so many great contributions. My comment was not meant to disparage his accomplishments.
Love all of your videos! ❤🎉😊
I have preordered the book. Hoping to find it electrifying :-)
Hi Kathy, thank you for your time and commitment to physics, like all your RUclips presentations they are excellent keep up the exceptional work.
Greetings from Melbourne Australia
Regards,
Harry
I’ve been putting off this video for awhile. Faraday was the man, but I know I’ll learn something new anyway.
Science history is the best because it’s all documented. Love the channel. Looking forward to the video.
Thanks for bringing us to multiple timelines and influences so we can see how one discovery led to another. Then to clearly see the brilliance of Faraday and Maxwell. Sonya
Your lectures should be a prerequisite to formal physics and engineering course material
Great job
Thank you 😊
The superb level of scholarship you bring to each and every video never fails to impress me. Science for science's sake type of videos have their place, but your 'formula' (yes, inverted somewhat in this video) of integrating the history, development and personalities behind these ideas is wonderful. The cliché of 'brings science/history alive' is overused, but you really do. Your channel deserves every success and I'm flabbergasted it doesn't have more followers yet. Perhaps more guest appearances on other channels to spread the word? It was great seeing you on Dave Jones' EEV blog. Keep up the good work.
Kathy makes the very best presentations I have ever witnessed.
Extremely educational, interesting and such details,
Thank you so much for sharing with us ,
Bill D..
Thank you so much for your kind words.
I did not know much of Faraday's work and especially to see that he made the connection with light... This is SOOO cool! That's why we need you Kathy!
Wonderful presentation Kathy. I also like the beautiful gladiolas.
Oh. I am already seeing the release of the video about "Amperes Biography" as an ideal for normal people, who like to study physics or electric equation. Not only, that we value his work on electrodynamics, but also his continous attempt to progress his understanding and scientifique endeavour.
As usual all of these videos are so helpful milestones to remember, access and appreciate the equation.
It is not a simple equation. It represents determination, work and humble humanity.
Whoever studies the origin of equation can then yield and also shape his own character thanks to the authors contribution and the following teachers passioniate work.
This is great!!
Great video as usual we appreciate your work so much! Faraday was lost between the ether and lines of electric or magnetic force are the same! Even Maxwell's fields are the same field which is the ether. Because a field is an attribute or a result of something and not a thing by itself. Tesla said EMR is like a whistle in the ether. Steinmetz which was possibly the smartest person in his time that generators are churning up the ether. And generators are not actually generating anything, but manifesting. Can't wait for the next part!
Yes exactly.
Wow. What an extremely intelligent and beautiful woman! Best video on Faraday I've ever seen. Definitely subscribing.
Thank you Wilbur.
This video is electrifying! :)
I hope you had a field day with it 😗
Bravo! Thank you for a wonderfully coherent and appropriately paced story of the development of electromagnetic knowledge. Your five-star presentation provided me with a deeper philosophic visitation of the invisible. I think it was your choice of visuals that provided enough insight into the subject to nudge epiphany. Love your work. Your new book is exciting.
Just pre -ordered the book. Thanks for the update.
Thank you x1000 (ps. did you visit my website www.kathylovesphysics.com to download the first 120 pages or do you want to wait?)
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics I'm an old dude. I'll wait until I can hold it and revel in that new book smell. 😏
Kathy, you are so amazing! This episoade is a real treasure. Be blessed and thank you for all the content you put it on this chanell. It is really therapeutic and motivational for all the science lovers.
Thank you so much for your kind words. So glad you liked my work. 😊
Love your content, you make it so fun. Just because of that I preordered your hardback book.... can't wait!
pure genius
Kathy loves physics, and we love Kathy!
Thanks!
My cheeks hurt from smiling. Kathy loves Physics and we love you for giving us all this. Thank you. raphael nyc
Thank you Raphael ❤️❤️
Love your enthusiasm. I'll be buying your book. I've added it to my shopping list
Thank you!!!!!
Absolutely insightful. I had always suspected that Faraday was a true revolutionary and philosopher-scientist.We are equally fortunate to be blessed with the personage of James Clerk Maxwell to properly understand the nature of what Faraday had accomplished and especially provide the proof of the propagation of light as magneto-electric, that is, non-aetherial and therefore material, universal and atomic.The engineering which followed in harnessing the natural force of both the atom and electromagnetism I speculate would have been immeasurably delayed without them notwithstanding the contributions of all the Continental Science contained by their formulation of the connection between light, and the electromagnetic force being materially integral for discovery then also of the binding force within the atom and its constituency.
Thank you very much.
Welcome 😊
Thank you，Kathy！❤so wonderful stories
Thanks a lot for your very interesting videos!
Glad you liked it
Bravo. You brilliantly brought it over what a remarkable man Faraday was and how another saved the ideas from scientific obscurity.
Always love your videos. Definitely my favorite for physics content.
Great to have a video devoted to the one of the greatest experimental scientist we ever had - who paved the way for most of the other physics/ chemistry discoveries possible within short period after his discoveries but not popular in the internet video creations.
Your's full of genuine information with all the proofs & convincing manner of presentation good example for the others not to make misinformed, fake, bogus & sensational effect videos that flourishing in the internet.
What is really amazing is that Michael Faraday received little formal education.
A ton of great information. A transcript would be super awesome for students.
I put a transcript of this video as well as citations on my website www.KathyLovesPhysics.com
hello there kathy i am no physicist but am such a great fan of both faraday and maxwell and of course boltzman for the singular way he enchanted and galvinized elise meitner the true mother of nuclear fission . i even like feinman because he once said something utterly amazing he said that for one person to say even the simplest sentence to another person and be both heard and understood thousands of operations electro chemical even electro nuclear must operate in perfect synchrony instantaneously . to date no one i know has ever made a video dramatizing and supporting his stupendous claim any way i can think of any one else but you to attempt such an unprecedented video i love your intensity and energy truly a many splendored thing
Pre ordered your book. Can't wait!
Thank you thank you thank you!! Did you download the PDF of the first 3 chapters from my website?
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics Not yet but I will. Thanks for the reminder.
Thank you so much!!!!! This is such an incredible and personal lesson!
Kathy, I wish I was able to give financial support, alas that's not the case.
I also wish that many teachers would have a greater degree of the enthusiasm you bring to your presentation's.
Recommending this channel is a great help for her.
What a beautiful character - the same gentle level modest sincere character methinks that William Pitt the younger had in politics. So settling that his work was advanced through experiment and not algebraic formulation - inspiring.
Describing faraday as a beautiful, gentle, modest, sincere character is perfect. I agree with you 100% (not sure about William Pitt the younger as I don’t know him very well - mostly I just remember people making fun of him on Blackadder but I don’t think that was historically accurate 🤣)
The Field work of Gauss and Euler in actual fields of blowing plants and vector-values in directional navigation-mapping are a good basis from which to extend the Observer's POV to 0-1-2-ness logarithmic condensation AM-FM alignments of probabilities in potential e-Pi-i numberness possibilities. A 3D-T GD&P Actuality occupational interest, in the field of vector-value perspectives. Fun to imagine.
Why am I ordering so many books from RUclipsrs???? As promised, your new book was available for preorder from my local independent bookstore. So now you're in the company of Becky Smethurst, Sabine Hossenfelder, Matt Parker, and Xiran Jay Zhao. (Yes, I'm name dropping hints for others here, just in case they're not familiar with Dr. Becky or Sabine in particular.)
If I'm going to name drop anyway, I should give a shout out to Brian Koberlein, He isn't as active on RUclips (last videos were 5 years ago), but he has a wonderful talent for communicating to those who aren't specialists in his field. Back when G+ was still a thing, he would post regularly about the latest science headlines and replacing the click-bait with the actual substance.
One last name drop: my Dad. He made extra money in high school repairing radios and other electronics of the day. I read through his old texts when I was younger. I really appreciate the way you delve into so much of the history here - I've always know these names and their general contributions, but I've never gone to the depths you share so enthusiastically. (Or, I've forgotten some in my approaching senility...😜
Looking forward to picking up your book in October!!
Fantastic, I didn't know that Faraday had thought about electromagnetic waves and even discarde the ether. I thought that was the original contribution by Maxwell, which was later experimentally confirmed by Hertz.
Hello kathy! I love to watch your videos. I'm requesting you to please make some videos on some renowned chemists and their work in chemistry
I love your work. I wish you also make videos about present day science and people. Love from India 🇮🇳🙏
In mathematics, *a field* is the situation you have when, relative to a set of numbers, and a specified mathematical operation (such as addition), you can take any two numbers from the set, apply the specified mathematical operation, and the result will always yield a number that is already a member of the indicated set of numbers.
That painting behind you is gorgeous.
I love this series!
I will take the unheralded thinkers of those days like Faraday and Armstrong instead of the overrated tinkerers like DeForest and Tesla. This video was very informative. You rock Kathy!
I bought your book but wanted more theory and physics so hope you can do another
She's working on 6 more right now.
Alright! Excellent presentation as always.
Another masterpiece, Kathy! Bravo!
Aww thanks John.
My dream of being a physicist was killed in my first semester of grad school by a spiteful graduate advisor, but this channel helps me get my fill of the subject I love so much.
I’m so sorry that happened to you, But I’m glad I can brighten your day
DOWNLOADING THIS ONE THANKS
Outstanding video. 👏👏👏
What an exceptional and fascinating video. SUBSCRIBING FOR SURE.
Your hair looks great. Great video. Congrats on the new book.
Thanks
🥵🤯 Great video. Your voice along with the enthusiasm kept me interested. Thank you and keep up the great work 👍!
Verry,verry good Thanks for your effort to explain things oure pprofessores havnt enaff time
I often recommend your show to anyone who wants to hear about these people and there background and how they struggle, getting divorced and etc. this is so interesting to hear about these peoples stories . So I like electricity ⚡️😊🎸🌹
Fascinating. If I were to meet any scientist, alive or dead, I think I'd like to meet Faraday.
Me too.
Thanks SO much Kathy!!!
You are so welcome!
Well done Kathy, one of the interesting things you mention at the end is why they used the term field due to volume. It interests me due to the point source nature of the inverse square law and how it expands at a rate inverse to its volume. The question is does it become the square law when the wave has a 360° central axis as its points source(toroid/coil of wire)? Experimental evidence and the math suggests it does, we call it the Theta or Z-pinch.
This is a "WOW" presentation!
Thanks 😊
Faraday's greatest discovery was electric and magnetic fields, for which he was never given any credit. As for the speed of electromagnetic fields, called light, only Maxwell personally informed him that is idea was correct.
I love this channel.
Very nice video thanks I enjoyed it
Well researched, thank you.
We love kathy physics and history
Aww thanks
My cars dash use to have white papers all over it. It was my filing system. When the sun hit them I could see them on my windshield(my windshield was dirty)
When I put on my sunglasses the pages would disappear. It was a beautiful example of how polarized lenses worked.
I often wonder if Steinmetz's concept of Phasors, which includes that a sinusoidal signal on a wire can have a leading or a lagging Power Factor (or even a phase shift of zero) was actually another way of presenting the combined RLC aspect of Heaviside's Telegrapher's Equation.
You are amazing! Keep up the good work 😋😋😋