I’m sure many people is confused between 4WD and AWD so here’s my explanation: 4WD or in other word, 4x4, is when all wheels get the same amount of torque; in suv and trucks, there’s an option that let you switch between 2WD and 4WD, but there’s none in the Lancer Evo or WRX/Impreza so they’re forever stuck in 4WD. AWD is 4WD but each axles get a different amount of torque with the help of a center diff, the GT-R from R32-R35 has a rear bias AWD, normally it’s RWD and the front wheel gets power when slip is detected, same with the Porsche 959 which the GT-R directly stole the system from. Though one more thing to keep in mind is the Lan Evo before the 7th gen and WRX, they are 4WD but they do have a center diff and they’re rear bias, which means you can rearrange the torque distribution to increase handling performance, like Eiji’s Evo 5 in Wangan, he later gave his car a 35:65 torque distribution, his Lan Evo actually became an AWD, though it’s still a fixed drivetrain, not computer controlled like the GT-R or 959. In conclusion, 4WD is all 4 wheels get the same torque, AWD is one axle gets more torque than the other, no matter computer controlled or fixed.
AWD can have a 50/50 split, just look at most Subarus. Historically a lot of 4WD systems lacked a centre differential, this reduced cost but made them unsuitable for use on dry pavement. These were typically on trucks. Initially the terms AWD and 4WD were used pretty much as synonyms, eventually AWD came to be favoured when describing permanent 4WD with a centre diff and no low range as is typical in cars. SAE standard J1952 describes all of them as AWD and doesn't include the term 4WD at all.
Not sure if it’s the difference in where we are from but in North America a 4wd system is any system that can be switched between 4 and 2 wheel drive, this system makes the most sense since AWD systems use a fluid/clutch system to transfer power and manipulate the power split, whereas 4wd doesn’t have this “clutch” system and relies on locking pieces. This is what I was taught and I personally think it makes more sense, maybe you guys disagree though?
@@Thenowinsurl What nominclature would you use to describe a full-time system like used on the Hummer H1, Toyota Land Cruiser, Merc G-Class, VW Iltis etc? Does adding a lockable differential in place of a centre LSD make a system 4WD by your definition, or would you still define those vehicles as AWD? A lot of system use Torsen diffs instead of fluid and clutch based systems, but also even pretty serious off-road systems like many offered by Jeep and marketed as 4WD involve fluid based components. I don't believe being part time is where the divide is typically made (in North America), but instead it's whether or not the two axles are or at least can be locked together. Inclusion of a low range might be another good place to draw the dividing line, given that's another feature that's rarely included on systems included on cars.
@@skaldlouiscyphre2453 see this is where most people get confused in my opinion, the two start to mix as you go farther through advancements, essentially what I’m talking about as a difference is wether it can be switched between 2wd and 4wd. AWD is more “sport performance” based if you will, like systems in the STI and Nissans ATESSA systems, they have variable power split “full time” awd, but in the new GTR they can have a 5/95 power split. Essentially as you mix and get the best of both worlds the line gets blurrier, and that’s just what’ll keep happening, in my opinion the ability to switch between 2wd and 4wd is the key feature of 4wd, while AWD is full time. Again you can get into the nitty gritty about clutch / fluid / locking / power split / locking / range selection systems, but at that point your really getting more into personal debate, if someone calls a 4x4 awd or says they’re subie is a 4wd I’m not gonna call them out, same thing with guys in the shop, as long as I know what they’re talking about, doesn’t matter that much to me :)
@@Thenowinsurl SAE nomenclature doesn't even bother with the term 4WD and I think they're on to something. If AWD can have a locking diff and low range why bother distinguishing between that and a part-time version of that when they offer similar capabilities?
FF: Buffalo powered wagon, if the front wheel clears, the whole car will clear. FR: Front and Rear-end having a divorce, Offers most freedom of angle manipulation among all drivetrains. RR: Imagine dragging dead weight without wheels behind you. Abuse trail braking without understeer. AWD: All Gas, Half Brakes, no coasting
This is where I gotta look like a Fudd of Automotive and ask something… The difference I’ve experienced between All wheel and four wheel (coming from over 15 years of experience operating FR, AWD, and 4X4 driveline configurations) is All Wheel Drive provides power to ALL wheels ALL the time and CANNOT disengage the mechanical energy coming from the engine from either the front end or rear end and has a fixed gearing in its transfer case. (Basing this off my 1996 Ford Explorer). Four Wheel Drive can toggle the between half and All wheels either manually or automatically. And its transfer case can provide a low gear and a high gear. (Not to get that confused with dual clutch transmissions). The purpose of having a transfer case with two gears (at least with trucks and suvs) is mainly for off-roading and/or pulling a heavy load. I’m sure principal of 4x4 or 4WD stays the same between utility and sport. But my question(s) is, in a sports car with a 4WD.. does its transfer case have multiple gears to switch to like it would for a truck and suv or not? And if not, then why not give it a specific name that separates it from its more utility based sibling? To answer op, I mainly drive FR.
With some AWD they can disengage, such as with the GT-R32. This usually happens at lower speed ranges making it more an RWD. Whereas SUVs have power mostly directed toward the front wheels for FWD. Yes, sports cars with 4WD can toggle to be 2WD. 4WD is best suited for harsh weather conditions compared to the AWD. Going with 4WD all the time on the pavement is a good way to wear down the tires faster and wastes gas quicker. But it does have impressive handling, much like the Lan Evo is capable of.
@@RedlineRendezvous That’s where I’m getting confused with some All wheel that can disengage like 4WD. If some AWD can do that, then what still defines it as All wheel over 4 wheel? I feel like there was an over sight to this at some point in the early days of these configurations.
@@GALLUS_PRIME It's a matter of how the power is distributed to the wheels. In an AWD, all the wheels get power to them *equally.* This allows for ease in stability on paved roads. Not to mention generally safer in emergency braking situations. Meanwhile, 4WD has power sent between each wheel *individually,* which allows them to handle rough terrain or extreme weather better than AWD. However, this stronger use in traction wears down the tires and gas on the streets. So each has their pros and cons.
We're aiming for it to be soon. We have other topics to cover including brakes because it'll all play an important role, like fitting together a puzzle.
The distinction between AWD and 4WD is somewhat artificial. AWD systems typically lack a low range and are intended to be used on dry pavement (among other situations). 4WD systems often include a low range option and don't always have a differential between the front and rear axles, making them poorly suited for use on dry pavement. Some full time 4WD systems exist though, and those can handle differences in axle speed between the front and rear.
While you briefly mentioned MR, you didn’t go into much detail into it. There’s two varieties of MR: RMR or Rear-Mid-Engined, Rear-Wheel-Drive, and FMR or Front-Mid-Engined, Rear-Wheel-Drive. Good examples of RMRs are the Toyota MR2, Honda/Acura NSX, and most Italian Supercars. Good examples of FMRs are the Mazda Eunos Roadster/MX-5, Lexus LFA, and Honda S2000.
Technically 3 (FMF/MF). The idea is to cover the engine placement on mid-engine cars being on or before (RMR)/after (FMR/MF) which changes the center of gravity being more centralized.
Isn't RR actually more prone to understeer due to the engine placement? Front traction > rear traction = oversteer Rear traction > front traction = understeer Where the weight is = where the traction is Acceleration = weight shifts to the rear Braking = weight shifts to the front
See it as the reverse of the FF. All the weight is handled in the front along with the drive pulling the rear wheels. The inertia carried by the weight placement of the engine + drive is what leads to the understeer. Similarly, the front tires are primarily for the directional steering while all the weight is handled in the rear pushing the front of the car. While the rear gets more traction at starting off, it can also slip because the weight is concentrated in that area when in sharp turns throwing the back too far over if the turn angle and speed are too great. Think of it as a pendulum swing effect. In other words: Having the concentrated weight placement can provide strong traction in straight line driving, but not so much in cornering.
While there are other layouts, just the 6 are covered as they are more common examples. There are the FMR and MF (FMF), we cover the RMR to primarily explain the placement of the engine/motor in relation to the axels.
AWD are better suited for driving on paved roads and (moderate) weather conditions. 4WD are for intense weather conditions and off-roading more than paved roads. AWD and 4WD both use all four tires. However, 4WD distributes power to each of the wheels as opposed to AWD. Additionally, AWD cars come in 2 setups where they're active constantly or partially.
4wd : they have an axle which connects front and rear. They're very mechanical and require more room beneath. That's why most common big trucks, old landy, jeeps, etc Awd : quite tricky because every awd has different mechanisms each to their own. Anyway they all have the same characteristics. - Can be used in small cars. - Can save space efficiently. That's why it's more common on SUV. - every tires can work individually. - Most AWD systems use sensors to monitor traction.
I think 4wd gives equal or a specific amount of power distribution to all wheels where as AWD will try to send less power to the wheels that are making the least amount of contact with the road
Yeah it's not explained well in the vid, and 4WD is definitely not better for cornering. The difference is in the torque distribution. AWD varies torque distribution depending on conditions, thus helping in corners and poor weather. 4WD is fixed, that's why it's generally off in most conditions with pickup trucks as it's really only good for offloading and putting max torque in straight line for pulling
@@RedlineRendezvousno, I've drove an AWD car and a RWD car in gran turismo 7 and the RWD car seemed to spin a lot when I set the traction control on zero.
So I am building a car and every wheel has a motor and a single gear transmission so what is it? Don't worry it is like a toy car but modified to fit me and do drifts
It sounds closer to an AWD setup. I'm assuming the motors used are the same for each wheel and or connected to the same power source. If there was power adjustments going to the wheels at various times, then it would be 4WD. Do some motors shut off and allow wheels roll freely?
@ Gotchya, if you can still do a vid with em, I’d love it (He’s my fav character), I named my Evo 1 after him. Your content is goated, keep producing 🗣️
Nothing wrong with that. They are fuel efficient and good for weather conditions. Plus it's better to have an understeer than oversteer, because the understeer tends to be easier to control just from easing off the throttle or slightly applying the brakes.
@@HonoredKami At least with the understeer, you can see what's coming and adjust accordingly rather than spinning inward. Most drivers don't have the skills to understand drifting to maintain that control.
I’m sure many people is confused between 4WD and AWD so here’s my explanation:
4WD or in other word, 4x4, is when all wheels get the same amount of torque; in suv and trucks, there’s an option that let you switch between 2WD and 4WD, but there’s none in the Lancer Evo or WRX/Impreza so they’re forever stuck in 4WD.
AWD is 4WD but each axles get a different amount of torque with the help of a center diff, the GT-R from R32-R35 has a rear bias AWD, normally it’s RWD and the front wheel gets power when slip is detected, same with the Porsche 959 which the GT-R directly stole the system from.
Though one more thing to keep in mind is the Lan Evo before the 7th gen and WRX, they are 4WD but they do have a center diff and they’re rear bias, which means you can rearrange the torque distribution to increase handling performance, like Eiji’s Evo 5 in Wangan, he later gave his car a 35:65 torque distribution, his Lan Evo actually became an AWD, though it’s still a fixed drivetrain, not computer controlled like the GT-R or 959.
In conclusion, 4WD is all 4 wheels get the same torque, AWD is one axle gets more torque than the other, no matter computer controlled or fixed.
AWD can have a 50/50 split, just look at most Subarus.
Historically a lot of 4WD systems lacked a centre differential, this reduced cost but made them unsuitable for use on dry pavement. These were typically on trucks.
Initially the terms AWD and 4WD were used pretty much as synonyms, eventually AWD came to be favoured when describing permanent 4WD with a centre diff and no low range as is typical in cars.
SAE standard J1952 describes all of them as AWD and doesn't include the term 4WD at all.
Not sure if it’s the difference in where we are from but in North America a 4wd system is any system that can be switched between 4 and 2 wheel drive, this system makes the most sense since AWD systems use a fluid/clutch system to transfer power and manipulate the power split, whereas 4wd doesn’t have this “clutch” system and relies on locking pieces. This is what I was taught and I personally think it makes more sense, maybe you guys disagree though?
@@Thenowinsurl What nominclature would you use to describe a full-time system like used on the Hummer H1, Toyota Land Cruiser, Merc G-Class, VW Iltis etc?
Does adding a lockable differential in place of a centre LSD make a system 4WD by your definition, or would you still define those vehicles as AWD?
A lot of system use Torsen diffs instead of fluid and clutch based systems, but also even pretty serious off-road systems like many offered by Jeep and marketed as 4WD involve fluid based components.
I don't believe being part time is where the divide is typically made (in North America), but instead it's whether or not the two axles are or at least can be locked together.
Inclusion of a low range might be another good place to draw the dividing line, given that's another feature that's rarely included on systems included on cars.
@@skaldlouiscyphre2453 see this is where most people get confused in my opinion, the two start to mix as you go farther through advancements, essentially what I’m talking about as a difference is wether it can be switched between 2wd and 4wd. AWD is more “sport performance” based if you will, like systems in the STI and Nissans ATESSA systems, they have variable power split “full time” awd, but in the new GTR they can have a 5/95 power split. Essentially as you mix and get the best of both worlds the line gets blurrier, and that’s just what’ll keep happening, in my opinion the ability to switch between 2wd and 4wd is the key feature of 4wd, while AWD is full time. Again you can get into the nitty gritty about clutch / fluid / locking / power split / locking / range selection systems, but at that point your really getting more into personal debate, if someone calls a 4x4 awd or says they’re subie is a 4wd I’m not gonna call them out, same thing with guys in the shop, as long as I know what they’re talking about, doesn’t matter that much to me :)
@@Thenowinsurl SAE nomenclature doesn't even bother with the term 4WD and I think they're on to something.
If AWD can have a locking diff and low range why bother distinguishing between that and a part-time version of that when they offer similar capabilities?
Thank you so much Ryosuke
YO RYOSUKE BEING THE NARRATOR IS AMAZING
Bro did the Night Kids dirty showing all the times they ate guardrail.
I mean tbh shingon kinda deserved it
FF: Buffalo powered wagon, if the front wheel clears, the whole car will clear.
FR: Front and Rear-end having a divorce, Offers most freedom of angle manipulation among all drivetrains.
RR: Imagine dragging dead weight without wheels behind you. Abuse trail braking without understeer.
AWD: All Gas, Half Brakes, no coasting
You cant convince me that isnt bunta teaching takumi the basics to run the tofu shop
To run the store or...drive it?
This is Ryosuke teaching his brother about cars and racing
Ryosuke explaining technically advanced data
Woah! Ryosuke’s own channel!
Seems like i'm not the only one who noticed lol
The wangan midnight ost was an awesome touch I actually listened to it while I run routes
They are definitely tunes to enjoy listening to when doing long drives.
dude what is song i don't foud it in wmm
@ wangan midnight maximum tune 6- move on. It’s a great song to listen to when you are on the go. It definitely gets me pumped
This is where I gotta look like a Fudd of Automotive and ask something…
The difference I’ve experienced between All wheel and four wheel (coming from over 15 years of experience operating FR, AWD, and 4X4 driveline configurations) is
All Wheel Drive provides power to ALL wheels ALL the time and CANNOT disengage the mechanical energy coming from the engine from either the front end or rear end and has a fixed gearing in its transfer case.
(Basing this off my 1996 Ford Explorer).
Four Wheel Drive can toggle the between half and All wheels either manually or automatically. And its transfer case can provide a low gear and a high gear. (Not to get that confused with dual clutch transmissions).
The purpose of having a transfer case with two gears (at least with trucks and suvs) is mainly for off-roading and/or pulling a heavy load.
I’m sure principal of 4x4 or 4WD stays the same between utility and sport. But my question(s) is, in a sports car with a 4WD.. does its transfer case have multiple gears to switch to like it would for a truck and suv or not? And if not, then why not give it a specific name that separates it from its more utility based sibling?
To answer op, I mainly drive FR.
With some AWD they can disengage, such as with the GT-R32. This usually happens at lower speed ranges making it more an RWD. Whereas SUVs have power mostly directed toward the front wheels for FWD.
Yes, sports cars with 4WD can toggle to be 2WD. 4WD is best suited for harsh weather conditions compared to the AWD. Going with 4WD all the time on the pavement is a good way to wear down the tires faster and wastes gas quicker. But it does have impressive handling, much like the Lan Evo is capable of.
@@RedlineRendezvous
That’s where I’m getting confused with some All wheel that can disengage like 4WD. If some AWD can do that, then what still defines it as All wheel over 4 wheel? I feel like there was an over sight to this at some point in the early days of these configurations.
@@GALLUS_PRIME It's a matter of how the power is distributed to the wheels. In an AWD, all the wheels get power to them *equally.* This allows for ease in stability on paved roads. Not to mention generally safer in emergency braking situations.
Meanwhile, 4WD has power sent between each wheel *individually,* which allows them to handle rough terrain or extreme weather better than AWD. However, this stronger use in traction wears down the tires and gas on the streets. So each has their pros and cons.
This was certainly helpful
Thanks ryosuke 🙏🏼😭
Hey man I absolutely loved the video and how informative it was btw when are you going to do the steering / drifting video I would love to see that
We're aiming for it to be soon. We have other topics to cover including brakes because it'll all play an important role, like fitting together a puzzle.
@RedlineRendezvous alright thank you very much
The distinction between AWD and 4WD is somewhat artificial.
AWD systems typically lack a low range and are intended to be used on dry pavement (among other situations).
4WD systems often include a low range option and don't always have a differential between the front and rear axles, making them poorly suited for use on dry pavement.
Some full time 4WD systems exist though, and those can handle differences in axle speed between the front and rear.
2007 Honda Civic sedan hybrid, and sometimes I do drive the EJ8
The EJ8 has a nice style to it. Does the civic hybrid still operate as an FF?
@@RedlineRendezvous yes
Transformers mentioned!!!! Rahhhhhh!!!!
They are a core part of the channel, especially with all the car vehicle modes.
I own an FF, a Lancer ES manual, and an FR, a Dodge Magnum wagon
It's always great to find other manual drivers.
While you briefly mentioned MR, you didn’t go into much detail into it. There’s two varieties of MR: RMR or Rear-Mid-Engined, Rear-Wheel-Drive, and FMR or Front-Mid-Engined, Rear-Wheel-Drive.
Good examples of RMRs are the Toyota MR2, Honda/Acura NSX, and most Italian Supercars.
Good examples of FMRs are the Mazda Eunos Roadster/MX-5, Lexus LFA, and Honda S2000.
Technically 3 (FMF/MF). The idea is to cover the engine placement on mid-engine cars being on or before (RMR)/after (FMR/MF) which changes the center of gravity being more centralized.
How did you get Ryosuke's voice? Hired one? Or what AI you using? I need it for my future Assetto Corsa videos xD
Great vid!
Trade secret.
@RedlineRendezvous 🗿
Isn't RR actually more prone to understeer due to the engine placement?
Front traction > rear traction = oversteer
Rear traction > front traction = understeer
Where the weight is = where the traction is
Acceleration = weight shifts to the rear
Braking = weight shifts to the front
See it as the reverse of the FF. All the weight is handled in the front along with the drive pulling the rear wheels. The inertia carried by the weight placement of the engine + drive is what leads to the understeer.
Similarly, the front tires are primarily for the directional steering while all the weight is handled in the rear pushing the front of the car. While the rear gets more traction at starting off, it can also slip because the weight is concentrated in that area when in sharp turns throwing the back too far over if the turn angle and speed are too great. Think of it as a pendulum swing effect.
In other words: Having the concentrated weight placement can provide strong traction in straight line driving, but not so much in cornering.
4wd Front engine are nice in my opinion
They are, though personally better suited for trucks and jeeps than sports cars.
Forgot one, front-middle rear /F-MR like in the Bill Thomas Cheetah and Toyota 2000gt, and RX7
While there are other layouts, just the 6 are covered as they are more common examples. There are the FMR and MF (FMF), we cover the RMR to primarily explain the placement of the engine/motor in relation to the axels.
@RedlineRendezvous I see
Wait i didn't understand the difference between awd and 4wd, is there any difference at all?
AWD are better suited for driving on paved roads and (moderate) weather conditions. 4WD are for intense weather conditions and off-roading more than paved roads. AWD and 4WD both use all four tires. However, 4WD distributes power to each of the wheels as opposed to AWD. Additionally, AWD cars come in 2 setups where they're active constantly or partially.
4wd : they have an axle which connects front and rear. They're very mechanical and require more room beneath. That's why most common big trucks, old landy, jeeps, etc
Awd : quite tricky because every awd has different mechanisms each to their own. Anyway they all have the same characteristics.
- Can be used in small cars.
- Can save space efficiently. That's why it's more common on SUV.
- every tires can work individually.
- Most AWD systems use sensors to monitor traction.
I think 4wd gives equal or a specific amount of power distribution to all wheels where as AWD will try to send less power to the wheels that are making the least amount of contact with the road
Yeah it's not explained well in the vid, and 4WD is definitely not better for cornering. The difference is in the torque distribution. AWD varies torque distribution depending on conditions, thus helping in corners and poor weather. 4WD is fixed, that's why it's generally off in most conditions with pickup trucks as it's really only good for offloading and putting max torque in straight line for pulling
4WD is all 4 wheels get the same torque, AWD is one axle gets more torque than the other, no matter computer controlled or fixed.
MR
They can be fun little rides.
You need to fix this video, the GTR is not AWD it's 4WD. And yes there is a difference between the two.
The GT-R32 is indeed an AWD with RWD switching capabilities.
How'd you do the Ryosuke voice changer?
Trade secret
Gran Turismo drivetrain classification system in a nutshell.
Don't those games tend to treat most of the car handling similarly?
@@RedlineRendezvousno, I've drove an AWD car and a RWD car in gran turismo 7 and the RWD car seemed to spin a lot when I set the traction control on zero.
@@zeyad1693RWD short for Rear Wheel Drive, similar to FR, MR and RR. The reason why the car spin a lot, or I could say oversteer
@HoshikoBeat yeah I know that.
So I am building a car and every wheel has a motor and a single gear transmission so what is it?
Don't worry it is like a toy car but modified to fit me and do drifts
It sounds closer to an AWD setup. I'm assuming the motors used are the same for each wheel and or connected to the same power source. If there was power adjustments going to the wheels at various times, then it would be 4WD. Do some motors shut off and allow wheels roll freely?
Cool video but it focused more on just geeking out about the cars on screen rather than actually explaining the layouts
Thank you for the feedback. Going forward, we'll be more technical and detailed on the explanations.
Ryosuke? 😢
Ngl I’d love a Kyoichi one
This sort of thing wouldn't suit his style.
@ Gotchya, if you can still do a vid with em, I’d love it (He’s my fav character), I named my Evo 1 after him.
Your content is goated, keep producing 🗣️
What about the legendary RF drivetrain?
They're not very common, that's for certain.
@RedlineRendezvous When i become rich ill front wheel drive swap cars just for the memes
@@caralho5237 Some people just want to watch the world burn...
I drive a FF 😔
Nothing wrong with that. They are fuel efficient and good for weather conditions. Plus it's better to have an understeer than oversteer, because the understeer tends to be easier to control just from easing off the throttle or slightly applying the brakes.
@ Oh snap… I didn’t know it’s better to have an understeer rather than oversteer.
@@HonoredKami At least with the understeer, you can see what's coming and adjust accordingly rather than spinning inward. Most drivers don't have the skills to understand drifting to maintain that control.
@@RedlineRendezvous end of the day it’s about the driver
So do I whats wrong with that?
This is been Years Already Leave My Boys Night Kids Alone 😢😭
Don't worry, I have a special video or two planned that will feature Nakazato.
Civic ek4
Definitely allows room for improved performance. Civics in general are nice to have due to the simplicity and ease of access to work on.
TrackID ?
Move On - Wangan Midnight Maximum Tune 6 OST