How the World's Most Common Mineral was First Seen in 2014; Bridgmanite
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- Опубликовано: 18 май 2024
- The most common mineral on Earth was not seen by a single person until its discovery in 2014. Despite sounding like an impossibility, the mineral which comprised 38% of our planet's volume truly was not discovered until that year. Known as bridgmanite, this silicate mineral exists deep in our planet's lower mantle below 660 kilometers depth.
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Sources/Citations:
[1] Mindat, www.mindat.org/
[2] Mindat, Bridgmanite, www.mindat.org/min-45900.html
[3] Mindat, The Most Common Minerals on the Earth, By Jolyon Ralph, www.mindat.org/a/common_minerals
Bridgmanite
0:00 Minerals & Elements
0:39 Bridgmanite
0:56 Lower Mantle
1:33 San Carlos
2:23 Olivine Transition
3:12 Asteroids & Chondrites
Bridgemanite, don’t take it for granite.
Gneiss one
Geologist humour has entered the chat 🤣👍
Sometimes schist happens.
@@hispid1 Ugh, I'm so igneous!
When I was young, I was picking up the gravel in my uncles driveway.
My uncle asked me if I was enjoying all the leverite on his driveway.
I asked what is leverite?
He said "leverite there!"
"He just smiled and handed me a Brigdemanite sandwich".
He said do you come from the land down under
Thanks for clarifying the lyrics! I now understand the true strength from the land down under.
That's what happens when you ask for no crust
Veggiemite is an acquired taste that's for sure!
There's certain times that a Veggie Sanga hits the spot just to give ya hiccups
Just a reminder, asteroids do not float around in groups like in the movies. They are found at an average separation distance of nearly a million kilometers.
Its always freaky how much stuff is like, _right below us_ and we don't even know how it works. The vast majority of Earth's mass is in a pretty exotic environment, and we'll never really even get to see it. Its like how we know more about the surface of the moon than the deep ocean floor, yet even more extreme.
And there are a ton of rarer minerals too.
interrobang
@@SrirachaChugChallenge747-jq7by No wonder Geronimo wasn't a good farmer :)
Except that, considering how common it is, it's not as exotic as the stuff we stand on, which is more rare.
It's certainly crazy how ignorant even the "experts" with the highest reputations seem to be, and the problem is they are the most likely to tell you they know it all.
I mean, we know there is at least 10x as much water below the surface of the land and seafloor, but how many people are prepared to admit that this water is in the form of a supercritical ionic fluid with over 100x the high explosive energy stored, as the same weight of TNT.
It's in the catagory of things even the most informed and intelligent, really don't want to mention to anyone. 😮🙄😵
Thanks as always. The fact that an object (in this case, Bridgemanite) can be so common yet be discovered much later than would be expected is stunning!
Over 6000 different minerals? Damn ! Ya learn something new every day. Thx. 👍 He said in a monotone voice. 👍
Another good reminder that all of life on Earth is a thin film of grease riding on the surface of a ball of heat and energy.
I cannot imagine the curiosity that drives people who make these discoveries and observations. My hat is off to you all!
"Like a Bridgemanite over troubled waters...
Huh? Only here on GH would one become aware of such an interesting development.
I didn't expect the iron catastrophy being indirectly mentioned in this.
So much we still have to discover and learn about our planet.
Thank you, this has been one of your best videos imo. Excellent presentation!
Everything in this video (except maybe about diamonds) was new information for me. While that is great, I'm not sure how great it is, since having found the door to the Tardis, I know I have to go inside: and I'm not done finding out about the outside.
Take a college class or two...this picture is painted in a broad brush , man doesn't drill this deep , it's all a little unknown. , at best
Thanks for all of your hard work man!
My theory is that Bridgmanite is just really shy and socially awkward.
😂
😂
😂
😂Well, it is under a lot of pressure.
@@sgtbilkothe3rd Exactly. And I can't get it out of my mind that the Earth is crunchy on the outside and chewy on the inside with a jawbreaker in the center.
What's with the echo and weird effects on the narrator's voice ?
I could not finish the video due to the voice, it creeped me out.
Bad ai, I’m assuming. Topic and information interests me, but the craptastic narration makes it nearly impossible to follow.
OMG! Un-obtanium!!!!
Awesome information and explanation!
I know it's not named after the town, but it's kinda cool to know that this rock shares the name of my hometown Bridgman, MI.
Is this AI or someone's real voice?
AI
Not ai, just a fantastically dedicated rock man
@@user-gf8xi7mc9g Kewl, thanks.
😂 I think he has a Corona running nose. 😂
it is his real voice. He started the channel before all the AI voice stuff started.
Thanks for sharing! 😊
Check out that little magnetic chunk on that green rock.
This is so cool! Thanks for sharing!
very interesting. Great info on the Olivine transition. Good illustrations. I thought the core is now thought to be made up of three parts, not just two parts.
I love your explainers thank you so much.
Very interesting. Could we have show about meteorites?? Rarities to materials they are made of and what part of the universe do we think they came from?
Great video. Explains many interesting scientific ideas succinctly and well. You can learn more in 4 minutes here than many hour-long lectures.
Does 'stable at x depth' mean the whatever-mineral will be stable at the depth when forming?
How is it that the 2 Feldspar minerals mentioned, composing 51% of the earth's crust, is a less common mineral that Bridgmanite that composes 38% of the earth's crust? Plagioclase-Feldspar by itself composes 39% of the earth's crust according to your own figures.
Earth's crust vs mantle.
Listen better. You will be tested on this material.
Thank you for this new minerals video , the first one since a very long time…👍
Even if it’s not in the Gems series 😂
Ah this is cool as heck. Thanks for the vid
An interesting thought that elements have different stable configurations both at different temperatures and different pressures.
Tack!
I remember when they discovered Ringwoodite, a blue hydrous mineral. A large percentage of Earth's water is predicted to exist way down in the mantle as Ringwoodite. They made it and imaged it in a diamond-anvil cell.
(Maybe I'm remembering incorrectly, the Science article said it contained water.)
It is not normal water it is heavy water that is part of a living organism that actually does a self destruct maneuver that the egg pod survives and because it is lighter it rises. !! It has a thick gooey heat protection coating known as it. And they are so clear you cannot detect them they are so weird of a creature. Science just wont acknowledge their existence because they did not put the time in to Prove they actually do!!
A good idea for a video (maybe already made?) would be to discuss the lab/theoretical basis for how we know the conditions for forming different minerals, particularly deep mantle minerals.
Very good! This subject is rarely covered in daily life, even for engineers!
What about native iron?
This is the perfect speaking voice to listen to if you are trying to fall asleep.
lol that’s why i usually watch his videos twice😅
In Australia, what is the relationship between Bridgmanite and Vegemite?
😂One is impossible to eat, the other resides in the mantle.
He just smiled and gave me a Vegemite sandwich.
I now understand that Bridgmanite only forms under intense conditions such as occur in the mantle. I don’t understand why it’s believed to be the only formation in the mantle.
Information on the crystalline lattice structure would've been interesting.
pair-i-class periclase like pyroclase pyroclastic its one of those tough ones
I remember there was a lot of olivine in the sand in Saint-Pierre de la Réunion. Might have something to do with the 3 volcanoes on the island...
Okay, now how do we get at it and what do we use it for?
"Have you seen the bridgemanite?"
"I ain't seen the bridgemanite!"
"Where's that confounded bridgemanite?"
We just discovered this stuff but we know the makeup of the materials beneath that layer... How is this known since it can't be observed as well?
So to get a sample, digging a hole with a shovel in my backyard is not an option. Bugger!
I take it your hypothesis is:
An English / British man's home is his castle, his garden is an experimental laboratory...? 🤔🏴🏴❤️🏴🇬🇧🙂🖖
(Sorry - I don't know what the flag for N.Ireland looks like - if you do, please show me). 😏Thank-you. 👍🙂
2:15 woah! What’s the average megatonnage of a kimberlite pipe?
3:38 The destroyed protoplanet hypothesis for the formation of the asteroid belt has been discredited for at least 20 years. This somewhat, but not completely undermines the thesis of this video.
Can't take the voice.
Is it for real?
yes, it is his real voice. He started the channel before the “explosion” of AI generated voices that has happened within the last 2 years
ain't nothin wrong with my love of Bridge man... aight?!
Most abundant would be the word I'd use, not common. If it's not easily accessible, it's not common, by definition, that's rare.
What tillion?
Remember the hull of the Doomsday machine on Star Trek. I live on the East Coast with crazy traffic, and I would like for the body of my pick-up to be made of something even tougher than that materiel (I forgot what it was) and a Bridgmanite windshield. With a racing stripe.
RUclips is notorious for theories being reported as a discoveries.
Bridgmanite is abundant but not common.
eventually will this help us predict earthquakes maybe
660 km beneath the surface. The most common mineral on earth but we will never see it in our lifetime.
The mineral of Kaladin Stormblessed.
Neat.
Greetings from the BIG SKY of Montana.
Whats ur favorite mineral?
Sextillion tons got my attention.
Pervatologist!
lol
@@2fathomsdeeperwell, i mean, diligence and study are very important things!😅
Peridot mentioned.
If I was STONED would I better understand what I just watched?
well this is a good question because you could apply the five steps of the scientific method to your question. Ask the question, formulate a hypothesis and then, experiment, experiment, experiment!! What is the result? What does the data show? Oh… inconclusive. We must perform the experiment several more times in order to gather more data to make a decision on.😃
@@nozrep I like your logic, however I'd need to build a "wayback machine" to transport me back to my 60's.
they could have asked those people who live in the hollow earth to bring some bridgemanite to the surface.
So did we already know it existed, but couldn't find it? Or was this totally new info to us? You left questions on the board! (So do a part 2)
🏆So Good
So, can we build bridges out of it?
I thought this is just a kind of Olivine.
I was sure surprised! I thought bridgmanite comprised only 2.169 sextillion metric tonnes of the Earth's mass. I guess I should have stayed in school!
Feldspars comprise 51%, which is less than this mineral.
What a Gneiss observation!
oh no you didn’t😂
Ferropericlase sounds like the name of a Greek philosopher.
Silly me! I used to pronounce the "t" in peridot.
I would prefer it if such speculation would be made obvious as speculation. We have no way of measuring or examing Earth's core and mantle directly, so everything is based on seismic waves and meteorites. This is very circumstantial and I am not ready to accept this as gospel.
Same here. Thank you for making this comment.
Man they ran out of all the good names after like granite, and marble. Like bruh.
Just because you find a mineral in an asteroid, how can you infer that it is also deep in the earth?
ROCK and STONE!
2:07 Is this an insect next to the index finger?
Watched it repeatedly but didn't see it 🤔
Just a piece of the rock. A pebble.
"I will kiss him and love him and squeeze him and hug him and call him 'George'."
How much of the gold is trapped in core because of the density.
were gonna be rich!
@@nuguns3766 if only but at what cost? Don't tell the capitalist.
I agree, that gold attracts gold. And gold sinks to the lowest level because it is so dense. These two properties make it highly likely to be in the core. Yet high temperature and pressure changes some properties. So???
Gold has a low melting point and is quite soluble in water rich silicious magmas. Soooooo, I kind of wonder if it doesn't kind of get squeezed upward in melted solution.
@@randydewees7338 it does, in gold vains but not all.
Weirdly ASMR
Thanks for using a correct number (sextillion) rather than something like "million billion".
So are all these deep minerals stable on the surface, once formed?
Bridgmanite soup, Motherrrrrrrrr.
WE KNOW EVERYTHING!!!
Well......not really. We know a lot, but "everything" is something else entirely.
The Vibranium found in Wakanda may be something more than myth and legend. A meteorite made of material formed deep within the crust of some long gone planet could be made of such a unique metal. But what I learned here today is that it would probably be rather dense (read: heavy).
I have this for sale, back in Alaska.
Sorry I haven’t watched the channel in a while, is this a different narrator voicing the video?
Nah, same one
@@Celeste-in-Oz Huh, is he sick? Mainly asking as his voice sounds a lot more different then before
@@xMaluko not sick that I know of… sounded same to me 🤔 could have slight cold I guess?
@@xMalukohe got puberty.
Nope, same guy! Maybe you're thinking of videos where he speaks quite quickly to cover a lot of detail in a short video? Or maybe he's just changed his recording set-up since you last watched. 🤷♀️
Since people can't access the lower mantle, it's kind of irrelevant. Silica is the most common mineral on Earth's crust, which is where we live. Unless there is a known use of bridgemanite, this information is not very useful.
if it is so common why didnt they name it earthite?
👍👍👍
What?😅
Bury the lead !
The road shown at 1:45-1:52 that seems to descend into a crater, where is that?
That can't be your natural voice.
It is.
This being how the universe organizes matter, can we PLEASE *FINALLY* stop referring to planets like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, et-al as "Gas Giants"?! That has to be the most RIDICULOUS thing I've ever heard proposed by science, outside of the "expanding space-time continuum! (DO THE MATH, PEOPLE... CORRECTLY, THIS TIME)!!!
me like rocks. rocks gud
In the 1960s, I was taught that the mantle "almost certainly" consisted of basalt, and that we'd know for sure within a decade or so when Project Mohole drilled through the crust and retrieved a sample of mantle. Needless to say, that didn't happen. The project was abandoned, and so was a similar Russian project that did get a bit further. Can we really be sure this meteorite material matches Earth's mantle? I'd say we can't, it's just speculation. It might or might not.