@@rajisg Well, before i read your comment, i already shared it with some people who are electrical engineers who build stuff like this and even they were impressed
I was honestly expecting a surface level video, glossing over much of the technical details. I was instead blown away by the detailed explanations without getting overly technical and stunning, highly relevant animations. What a treat to watch! Keep up the good work!
@@Rockyzach88 I mean I think it probably is a person because if they invest that much into the animations they prob afford animations but yeah it sounds like an AI
I'm getting emotional from seeing that I can watch such - educative - well explained - beautifully animated - efficient content without having to pay a single penny. This is insane and I want to thank you for your hard work.
Fast Fourier Transform is O(N Log N). so only several 10 thousands of operations, which could be completed in a few loops on actual hardware implementation.
@@climatechangedoesntbargain9140 because its hardware optimized FFT. Most combinations of operations are combined and run in parallel. And it's only several thousands of pixels so it's easy to come up with that number.
The attention to detail, top-grade image rendering of the animation, and the core message are just amazing. My perception of the mouse is forever changed.
For those interested, the little SoC (with the red dot) near the imager chip is a --muRata MBN52832-- Nordic Semiconductor NRF52832 which contains a 32bit Arm Cortex M4F with built in FPU processor with 64k of RAM and 512k flash storage. Here's an interesting tidbit, the Cortex M4F has enough processing power to run Doom, so technically if you were to add a couple megabytes of ram and a display to this mouse it could run and control Doom by itself.
@@TheMsr47gaming Where are you going after you die? What happens next? Have you ever thought about that? Repent today and give your life to Jesus Christ to obtain eternal salvation. Tomorrow may be too late my brethen😢. Hebrews 9:27 says "And as it is appointed unto man once to die, but after that the judgement
I have this as MX3S as my mouse and I use it almost 15 hours daily! I will never look at tit the same way again! Thank you so much & much props to Branch Education for this incredibly meticulous & in-depth video!
It's beautiful to see this channel growing rapidly. The animation quality and detail is just astounding and the explanation are always technical but not too difficult to understand. It's just perfect
Do you really understand how something works after one video? It is definitely helpful, just not enough to get intuition. We'll never know how everything works, simply because our lives have limited amount of time. Why am I saying this... I have no idea...
@@opst1704 without going to the philosophical level, I think I now have a general idea about how computer mice work, at least the stuff with the algorithm etc. 😉 At least it satisfied the aforementioned curiosity 😂
The attention to detail on the 3D rendering is impressive. It's so good you'd think he was going to sell you a mouse. Great voice too, and great pacing.
@@sergiovalenterodriguezmorq537 it's Blender and it's great and it's free, if you want to learn it go make a donut with Blender Guru's tutorial, he's awesome.
Dude I don't know who the heck you are, or where you came about, but your way of teaching, explaining, is amazing! Literally, please do not stop making content. The way you say it too!!!! Gosh. You have my support!
I've been designing computer mice for a living for 20 years but I still learned things and enjoyed the video. Thank you Branch Education for making such excellent videos.
That's amazing! How do you get into such a carrier? Would you mind sharing your experience and general tips? You don't hear about such carrier paths often! Cheers and take care.
I highly doubt you’d learn anything from this video, if you’ve been in this industry for 20 years. Please, tell me what information you received, that you didn’t have previous?
I just got recommended this video and gotta say this is insane!! The structure, how you go from level to next level of detail, the clear and accurate writing, the clear and comfortable voice.... This is great, thank you!
"It would take over an hour to cover all these technologies in depth." Please by all means! An hour of this content is worth watching. Amazing, everyone should know this stuff.
The technology itself is nothing really crazy, but when you take into account cost (down to 5 bucks) and reliability (thousands of hours with zero maintenance)... that is really unbelievable! What an accomplishment!
yeah, creating abstract bicubic interpolations from scanning a surface using light rays in length of micrometers 17,000 times a second to capture a movement of your hand precisely beyond human capabilities is not anything crazy.
@@dabartos4713 From a technology perspective it's the most basic thing, my microwave is way smarter and complex than a mouse. On the other hand a computer processor, having billions and billions of transistors, each having the ability to be turned on and off individually to perform millions of operations per second, all this happening on a scale of nanometers at temperatures in excess of 80C with a working lifetime of decades with an extremely high reliability, now that is crazy, not to mention how each processor takes months of extremely precise work in environments where a spec of dust could destroy the whole thing.
I am sooo glad these examples and breakdowns are from such modern devices! All too often these explanations are from nearly outdated technologies we barely use anymore, just so they don’t have to explain as much. So many props for the awesome and explanatory visuals, the easy to understand writing, and the commitment for quality education for all!
The mouse knows where it is at all times. It knows this because it knows where it isn't. By subtracting where it is from where it isn't, or where it isn't from where it is (whichever is greater), it obtains a difference, or deviation. The guidance subsystem uses deviations to generate corrective commands to drive the mouse from a position where it is to a position where it isn't, and arriving at a position where it wasn't, it now is. Consequently, the position where it is, is now the position that it wasn't, and it follows that the position that it was, is now the position that it isn't. In the event that the position that it is in is not the position that it wasn't, the system has acquired a variation, the variation being the difference between where the mose is, and where it wasn't. If variation is considered to be a significant factor, it too may be corrected by the GEA. However, the mouse must also know where it was.
The great graphics synced with audio explanation is the best way to convey information to people. This video is a gem of educational material in the Internet.
This has got to be the most clear explanation of any technology I've ever seen. It's just detailed enough to capture my attention and I actually learned a lot from this.
I have a couple mouse balls lol. I think I have every type of mouse. I got a high end gaming mouse, middle end mouse with a laser, then I have a mouse with a red LED light and a ball mouse. Also to note some newer mouses use balls still because they are cheap and make it a modern look. The mouse my mom uses for work is mostly a comfort mouse that also uses a ball pretty cool
Excellent video. I’m an old electrical engineer but just never thought much about how optical mice worked. Nice bit of explanation. Getting a vertical mouse for Christmas, in preparation for a new desktop build early in the new year. Hope the vertical style will better suit these older, stiffer hands. The hard part will be to move the mouse without thinking about your fine graphics and lucid explanations.
I am glad you mentioned trackballs. I don’t feel that old but remember using them. A mouse pad was a necessity back then. It still surprises me how well optical mice work on almost any surface. I remember the ball needing to be cleaned once in a while to keep working properly. My husband has a mouse with a trackball, but the ball is on top of the mouse and moved with your fingers. Interesting variation on the basic design.
I didn't know ballmice needed a mouse pad. Me and my family has been using ours on the plain wooden tabletop back in the Windows XP days and it worked fine. Occasionally, though, the ball would get stuck and had to be cleaned, ofc.
@@vertyisprobablydead right, because every time new technology comes out, the old tech is immediately purged from the face of this world and only exists as memories in people's brains from then on, duh! I grew up with compact cassettes, VCR, NES and the Gameboy Pocket, but not in the 90's! 😁
it's really incredible how deep the rabbit hole goes. Theres always one more layer of complexity underneath. No one ever really knows how everything 100% works end to end.
That's the beauty of society. There is virtually no field where only 1 person can construct it all. From medical to space rockets to music tech to automobiles to computers. You do your part, your job and someone else moves the chain along. That's the essence in everything.
Great video! You understand how people understand. Science communication is so so so hard, but you've laid everything out in a really concise and precise way!
Being a computer engineer myself I wasn't really aware of the complex engineering and effort it took to build a small optical mouse....Your video is a gem 💎
A computer engineer shouldn't be expected to know these stuffs either. DSP Cross Correlation Control System Image Processing etc are all core subjects of Electronics Engineering. People trolling you might not have any idea about it. BTW in Mother Russia a 5 year old kid design these. Come to Russia.
I noticed that when i hold my mouse so that the sun would shine on the backside of it the curser would move on its own in random directions and now I know why. Thank you for that informative video, I really enjoyed it
How simple the technology looks compared to the processes that goes into it is all on one side of the scale,.. while the quality of this video is equally matching it on the other. Animation, explanation, and flow is really well thoughtout and greatly executed.
I was using mice back in the ball days and it's so awesome to see that we've replaced the ball with what is essentially a camera (no one misses cleaning out the ball and the rollers!). I knew pretty much how it worked, but this video filled in so many blanks, and knowing the insane data processing speeds of thousands of 'pictures' every second is truly mind blowing. How do modern mice work? They're constantly scanning the table and thinking about the imperfections, tens of thousands of times a second. Incredible!
Just amazing, it's seems like a simple mouse 🖱️but all the engineering and science behind it, just wow. I can't believe I'm watching this much helpful content for free. Love you guys for this much information in a very short time
Wow, compliments to this video. I love the in-depth breakdown that goes into the science, math, and engineering. It was also fun to see the MX Master 3 mouse that I use for my desktop in 3D for the video. Lastly, I'm old enough to have used pre-historic mice in my lifetime. How times have changed.
The most Hardworking and underrated Person on RUclips. He deseve more than he is getting. I also have a question that why the people who provide knowledge are most of them Underrated but The quality of people here are priceless. I think this is Heaven
It's amazing how the simplest things can be very difficult to produce. This reminds me of a video I once saw, about a car's steering wheel. It's unbelievable the amount of calculations that goes into making a steering wheel work
As someone who owns the Logitech G502 Hero gaming mouse shown in this video, I had an a-ha moment watching you explain high DPI!! That interpolation that you explained translates into an actual difference in user experience with high DPI vs low DPI. At higher DPI, even as low as ~2000, I notice a sort of smoothness to the mouse movement that isn't present at 800. The higher you go, the smoother this feeling gets, almost as if your mouse is going down a long water slide with smooth turns and centrifugal forces. High DPI means stronger gravity and smoother but sharper turns. I realize now that that feeling is because the interpolation algorithm is essentially smoothing out the textured surface that the mouse is capturing, which is fascinating to me! So when pro gamers are said to use 800 DPI, this helps make sense of that. It's the most accurate DPI, where your hand movements are directly translated into movement. An interpolation algorithm can introduce tiny amounts of error there, or the smoother movement can make precise starts and stops of the cursor harder to achieve. So thank you for this great and super interesting video! I can't wait to watch more.
I got lost at the last part of the DPI, but I really APPRECIATE THE EFFORT THAT THIS VIDEO HAD! I'm not even an English native speaker, and this reached me on my feeds! So I think more people will get to see this! Very good video
That blew my freaking mind. That was so masterfully explained...I learned so much dense information with such ease. Somebody get this person to rewrite our education system.
Hah, saw this on the youtube home page 43 seconds after you posted it! Looking forward to watching it! (edit after watching) Indeed, quite interesting!
I swear I'm in love with this channel. Absolutely amazing videos. Such niche topics explained so simply yet so in detail with quality and comprehensive animations, leaving little to no questions to ask and covering other related sub-categories that make up that topic, fullfilling people's curiousity about how things work. Gratitudes.
This is the second video i have watched created by Branch Education. I am utterly astonished by the quality and pure information provided. lets just say this will be far from my last video watched! I am eager to spend upcoming free time completing every video Branch Education has to offer! I cant wait!
We really take computer and its accesories for granted. Wonder every time when I come across such great presentations. Although not everybody will understand the cross correlation stuff but will get the gist of the techology right under their palms.
It makes me feel privileged and thankful to live in this modern era, to experience such a complex and marvelous technology which would blown the brains off of the people from past 50 years.
No way I finally found you, saw one of ur videos on one of these TikTok channels that steals content and removes watermarks, I thought the video was so cool but couldn't find the source nowhere, so glad I found the channel 😁
People who have done image processing themselves understand how utterly mind boggling that processing speed is and it's even more impressive when you realize that your mouse is able to continuously do all this for an entire year on just a single battery.
Just so you know not all modern USB Mice use batteries Many still DO use a USB Cable that plugs directly into the USB Port on a Laptop For example wired devices respond up to 100 times faster compared to its wireless counterpart
This video was so good I subscribed immediately. I'm not kidding when I say it was one of the highest quality videos I've seen in awhile and thank you form making it. I never knew I wanted to know how my mouse worked.
@@alexandrosfotiou6580 Microsoft also has good scrolling mice. I previously had Microsoft Explorer Touch mouse which was great, I loved that fast touch scrolling. But the mouse itself was less ergonomic and less functional than Logitech
Never knew the thing just used a camera and such a brute force style algorithm. You have those IR RPM counters, and I always thought it was something more along those lines even though I don't really know how those work either. This is cool stuff, and great animations. Thank you!
very nice explanation & visualizations! Wouldn't it be more efficient for the DSP to first do the crosscorrelation and next do the bicubic interpolation on the result?
After watching what small chips with relatively low computing power cand do, I just cannot wait for quantum computers and the amount of futuristic gadgets we would be able to make with such immense computing powers.
"Prehistoric mice" And I was so proud of my Commodore 1351🦖 ☹️ Anyway. Fantastic video with lots to learn from. Nearly no one imagines the amount of fantastic technology packed in such a small device wich was unrecongnized common in our daily life. An interesting addition to this might be to look for "dark field microscopy" 💯👍
I wonder how Windows handles mouse cursor movement that of non-straight lines. For example if you move your mouse diagonally for a total of 1000 px to the right and 10 px up. In this case your mouse cursor would jump up 1 px for every 100 px movement. How can the system interpret that movement? Does it store previous movement to calculate the path or a movement vector?
Either it doesnt(you wouldnt notice), or it calculates moves with higher resolution than what it captures. Or maybe both. But most likely it doesn't. The mouse resolution and screen resolution dont correlate perfectly.
Don’t forget that the mouse sends the change of position to the pc every 1 ms. And the update rate of most screens is 50hz/60hz (20ms/16ms). Even with a high end monitor of 100hz (10ms) the pc has plenty of time to update the position before your screen picks up the change.
Incredible video as always! But unfortunately there's some outdated info! Your description about how high DPI works on high end mice nowadays is quite different. Interpolation used to be the method before they released PMW3310 and PMW3366, back when mice used to have less DPI settings (sometimes just 2 for example), they used to have an "native" option and the rest was interpolated. However nowadays for most mice, they have native settings in steps, for an overall range of native DPI divided by 50 DPI for example. They measure and compare pixel brightness to accomplish that, it's possible because nowadays the level of ripple/jittering is very low on high end sensors. Even "smoothing" filtering might not be needed anymore. Also. Talking about laser sensor, if you're talking about something like the Philips Twin Eye sensors, they work VERY different then described here. However. High DPI is mostly an marketing big number instead of being something useful. You need just enough resolution to move consistently and precise in your desktop, which might be at MAXIMUM something like 2000 DPI, we lack enough dexterity to take advantage of such high values like 25000. There are a lot of other things more important for gaming mice... Like: IPS (Inchs Per Second) - Maximum speed that you can move your mouse before it malfunctions, also, max acceleration. LOD (Lift of Distance) - The height where it tracks the surface. Generally, you want to be quite low but at a height where it tracks every movement at a high precision of DPI (low deviation). High Polling Rate - You talked about that, but nowadays there are sensors capable of 8000 Hz out of the box. Also, high surface compatibility. Generally, you want a sensor that can track well at every type of surface without suffering with bad SRAV (Speed Related Accuracy Variance), sometimes called "positive acceleration". When you move your mouse for the same distance at different speed and get more output that it should. Used to happen with laser ICS sensors like the A9800 with less smooth surfaces. Also... You can get something like the Razer Pro Click (or Pro Click Mini) and it does work like an "gaming mice" just as good, they even work at 1000 Hz Polling Rate. There's not an "rigid" rule, you need to see the specs in every case. There's a lot of "Gaming Mice" from bad brands that aren't better then any office mouse spec wise. They just "look" different.
you are off on the dpi thing. That depens on how fast you set your mouse cursor in games/windows using a higher dpi setting with a slower setting in windows DPI > 2000 become usable especially for people using their mice mostly with their wrists not their whole arms like it is common today. DPI beyond 10k make no sense to me though and is solely for marketing purposes.
@@spinnenente it's pointless to use any option on windows settings besides the standard 6/11. Personally, I don't believe no one can have enough dexterity to justify something higher then 2000... But it might be useful at least for 4000 for some players in situations where you don't need pinpoint accuracy. But for the most part... It's just a gimmick. It might be useful for other applications, like robotics.
The regular mouse that is portrayed here is a Logitech MX Master 3. Now, this is a $100 mouse which I thought was insane when I saw it on Amazon. But, the more I checked it out the more impressed I was. I've now had it for around a year and this video only makes me appreciate it even more. You may balk at a $100 mouse, but it is INCREDIBLE and the battery that's charged via USB lasts around 4 months before needing to be charged for 20 minutes. Incredible!
How does the cross correlation algorithm simplify? Wondering how does the processor know to move in this direction and test whether the difference then reduces to zero or does it test in all directions?
I think, since you accelerate your hand not instantly from 0 to the given speed, the algorithm, at the beginning of the movement only has to check a very small change in all directions. Once the algorithm knows in what direction the mouse is moving/accelerating, it basically only has to check the spaces around the predicted next point.
I find hard to believe cross correlation is used, it seems a very wastefull way to do a simple task. It could easily be done with some sort of feature detection algorithm and a simple matcher.
Early mice used 16*16 or 30*30 pixel sensors. With hardware acceleration, it should be possible to use a cross coralation algorithm fast enough. Especially since you don't really have to check all possible moves. At least that's what I found in multiple online articles. I think feature detection won't really work that well witch such low resolutions and was 2000, when the first optical mice came not really a thing.
I will never see a mouse the same again . Respect to all those brilliant minds and thank you Branch education for creating such an amazing video.
L
More importantly it's all affordable.
@@brodriguez11000 yeah
@adhithya you are a genius now 😹👍
metoo
Mind. Blown. The amount of research and engineering that went in to developing a device that people don’t think twice about is truly astounding.
And it only costs you a few bucks as well
ruclips.net/video/wHbDFo8GoK0/видео.html💯🔥🔥
Humans range from extremely smart to extremely stupid.
@@DM-rc4yu Ok
so many things are this way
if civilization were to collapse almost none of this could be replicated
The amount of time spent on making this animation is just immeasurable than the attention this channel gets..
I know right, it is such a crime that they have so little views :/ We need to share the hell out of them!!!
I TOTALLY agree with you!
@@rajisg ៏
@@rajisg Well, before i read your comment, i already shared it with some people who are electrical engineers who build stuff like this and even they were impressed
From modeling to Render atleast 3-4 week's worth of work
I was honestly expecting a surface level video, glossing over much of the technical details. I was instead blown away by the detailed explanations without getting overly technical and stunning, highly relevant animations. What a treat to watch! Keep up the good work!
same! Perfect video!!!!
Yeah these videos are surprisingly good. I wonder if the narrator is a person or AI.
@@Rockyzach88 I mean I think it probably is a person because if they invest that much into the animations they prob afford animations but yeah it sounds like an AI
@@hallo7053 it's a person, he is credited in the description (Phil Lee). If you look him up online, he is a professional voice actor
I'm getting emotional from seeing that I can watch such
- educative
- well explained
- beautifully animated
- efficient
content without having to pay a single penny.
This is insane and I want to thank you for your hard work.
- seductive
@@markmoyer u nauty nauty 😅
Yw
Nothing is free u watch ads on RUclips so u r the product😂
@@johndripper RUclips Vanced wants to know your location
I miss the days when you could take the ball out of the mouse to prank your friends. Great video once again!
Those were the good times!
You still can. I use trackball mice everyday at work to avoid injuries.🤓
We used to take those our from the mice in out computer labs and play catch with it. Good times
Hello Jared, love your content 👍🏼😁
cover the sensor with post-it
Didn't expect that the mouse I'm using has such high computing power. Thank you!
The quality of the 3D graphics in the video is also very enjoyable.
it doesn't actually taking that much processing power to do a comparison, especially on hardware based logic. It doesn't have to really "decide"
Fast Fourier Transform is O(N Log N). so only several 10 thousands of operations, which could be completed in a few loops on actual hardware implementation.
@@howardlam6181 No idea how you derive the number of operations from the O Notation. It easily could be less than 10.000 ops or a million
@@climatechangedoesntbargain9140 because its hardware optimized FFT. Most combinations of operations are combined and run in parallel. And it's only several thousands of pixels so it's easy to come up with that number.
Your mouse can probably run Skyrim
The attention to detail, top-grade image rendering of the animation, and the core message are just amazing. My perception of the mouse is forever changed.
imagine converting your mouse into a webcam.🤣🤣🤣
For those interested, the little SoC (with the red dot) near the imager chip is a --muRata MBN52832-- Nordic Semiconductor NRF52832 which contains a 32bit Arm Cortex M4F with built in FPU processor with 64k of RAM and 512k flash storage. Here's an interesting tidbit, the Cortex M4F has enough processing power to run Doom, so technically if you were to add a couple megabytes of ram and a display to this mouse it could run and control Doom by itself.
thats insane
Can you post this again in English please.🥸😏
@@HalfWarrior last sentence is in English.
Shows how insanely far we have come with computer technology
mind blown
How can someone explain such a complex thing in just few minutes hatsoff to your talent dude I still can’t believe I am watching this free
Like, duh. You can google it by youtself and find out more in an hour. RUclips is dumbing people down and makes them lazy
@@MrBratkenSolov Why did you click on this video?
@@MrBratkenSolov this is a very high level video, googling this stuff will lead you to lower level resources which you probably won't understand
@@MrBratkenSolov there's a thing called time saving
@@jayto3909 His right about one thing it makes people more lazy
mouse gameplay: clicking, moving around, scrolling occasionally
mouse lore:
Im done !!
mouse lore
U beat me to it by a month
lmfao
@@TheMsr47gaming
Where are you going after you die?
What happens next? Have you ever thought about that?
Repent today and give your life to Jesus Christ to obtain eternal salvation. Tomorrow may be too late my brethen😢.
Hebrews 9:27 says "And as it is appointed unto man once to die, but after that the judgement
I have this as MX3S as my mouse and I use it almost 15 hours daily!
I will never look at tit the same way again!
Thank you so much & much props to Branch Education for this incredibly meticulous & in-depth video!
It's beautiful to see this channel growing rapidly.
The animation quality and detail is just astounding and the explanation are always technical but not too difficult to understand.
It's just perfect
It's not growing as it should, compare to other stupid channels tbh . Been years since they started. I find it underrated.
The PCB animation is so high quality it looks life-like at times - amazing!
My Little Pony :3.
These videos fulfill my childish wish of knowing how everything works.
My parents could not always explain in such detail
Do you really understand how something works after one video? It is definitely helpful, just not enough to get intuition.
We'll never know how everything works, simply because our lives have limited amount of time.
Why am I saying this... I have no idea...
@@opst1704 without going to the philosophical level, I think I now have a general idea about how computer mice work, at least the stuff with the algorithm etc. 😉
At least it satisfied the aforementioned curiosity 😂
amazing
@@opst1704 of course not one video but this video does satisfy one of the wonders what a child's mind could think of.
rugs are better lol
The attention to detail on the 3D rendering is impressive. It's so good you'd think he was going to sell you a mouse. Great voice too, and great pacing.
Do you know which software is that?
@@uusfiyeyh blender it is. They have given the details of the software used in this video in the description.
@@sergiovalenterodriguezmorq537 it's Blender and it's great and it's free, if you want to learn it go make a donut with Blender Guru's tutorial, he's awesome.
Dude I don't know who the heck you are, or where you came about, but your way of teaching, explaining, is amazing! Literally, please do not stop making content. The way you say it too!!!! Gosh. You have my support!
I've been designing computer mice for a living for 20 years but I still learned things and enjoyed the video. Thank you Branch Education for making such excellent videos.
That's amazing! How do you get into such a carrier? Would you mind sharing your experience and general tips? You don't hear about such carrier paths often! Cheers and take care.
Stop lying We work together at McDonald's.
I highly doubt you’d learn anything from this video, if you’ve been in this industry for 20 years. Please, tell me what information you received, that you didn’t have previous?
@@jamesbizs He could design shape of the shell. People in a company aren't experts in every area.
@@jamesbizs Is this an insult or compliment
I just got recommended this video and gotta say this is insane!! The structure, how you go from level to next level of detail, the clear and accurate writing, the clear and comfortable voice.... This is great, thank you!
"It would take over an hour to cover all these technologies in depth." Please by all means! An hour of this content is worth watching. Amazing, everyone should know this stuff.
The technology itself is nothing really crazy, but when you take into account cost (down to 5 bucks) and reliability (thousands of hours with zero maintenance)... that is really unbelievable! What an accomplishment!
it would cost very much if not for mass manufacturing
yeah, creating abstract bicubic interpolations from scanning a surface using light rays in length of micrometers 17,000 times a second to capture a movement of your hand precisely beyond human capabilities is not anything crazy.
@@dabartos4713 and they only covered one technology
@@dabartos4713 yeah man, I was thinking the same. I'm having a hard time staring at my mouse and trying to process this information
@@dabartos4713 From a technology perspective it's the most basic thing, my microwave is way smarter and complex than a mouse. On the other hand a computer processor, having billions and billions of transistors, each having the ability to be turned on and off individually to perform millions of operations per second, all this happening on a scale of nanometers at temperatures in excess of 80C with a working lifetime of decades with an extremely high reliability, now that is crazy, not to mention how each processor takes months of extremely precise work in environments where a spec of dust could destroy the whole thing.
I am sooo glad these examples and breakdowns are from such modern devices! All too often these explanations are from nearly outdated technologies we barely use anymore, just so they don’t have to explain as much. So many props for the awesome and explanatory visuals, the easy to understand writing, and the commitment for quality education for all!
Imagine turning your gaming mouse into a webcam.🤣🤣🤣 Westley. Crusher🤣🤣🤣
The mouse knows where it is at all times. It knows this because it knows where it isn't. By subtracting where it is from where it isn't, or where it isn't from where it is (whichever is greater), it obtains a difference, or deviation. The guidance subsystem uses deviations to generate corrective commands to drive the mouse from a position where it is to a position where it isn't, and arriving at a position where it wasn't, it now is. Consequently, the position where it is, is now the position that it wasn't, and it follows that the position that it was, is now the position that it isn't.
In the event that the position that it is in is not the position that it wasn't, the system has acquired a variation, the variation being the difference between where the mose is, and where it wasn't. If variation is considered to be a significant factor, it too may be corrected by the GEA. However, the mouse must also know where it was.
I love this copypasta
@@klittlet Nice opinion
@@KioshiKatsu it isn't a opinion, the original is a video talking about guided missiles
@@klittlet Saying that you like/dislike something or agree/disagree is an opinion, so yes in your opinion you think this copypasta is great
So do I :)
@@RetroCube oh so he was talking about that? That's weird
The great graphics synced with audio explanation is the best way to convey information to people. This video is a gem of educational material in the Internet.
Thanks!
This has got to be the most clear explanation of any technology I've ever seen. It's just detailed enough to capture my attention and I actually learned a lot from this.
The animation nails it. Goes perfectly with the great explanation.
"Prehistoric mice use a ball" 😂 wasn't expecting that. Lol
me too!! he finished me right there
bro we're prehistoric D:
In times when history did not exist, mice uses a ball to track their paths . .
Low blow ☹️
I have a couple mouse balls lol. I think I have every type of mouse. I got a high end gaming mouse, middle end mouse with a laser, then I have a mouse with a red LED light and a ball mouse. Also to note some newer mouses use balls still because they are cheap and make it a modern look. The mouse my mom uses for work is mostly a comfort mouse that also uses a ball pretty cool
Excellent video. I’m an old electrical engineer but just never thought much about how optical mice worked. Nice bit of explanation. Getting a vertical mouse for Christmas, in preparation for a new desktop build early in the new year. Hope the vertical style will better suit these older, stiffer hands. The hard part will be to move the mouse without thinking about your fine graphics and lucid explanations.
I am glad you mentioned trackballs. I don’t feel that old but remember using them. A mouse pad was a necessity back then. It still surprises me how well optical mice work on almost any surface. I remember the ball needing to be cleaned once in a while to keep working properly.
My husband has a mouse with a trackball, but the ball is on top of the mouse and moved with your fingers. Interesting variation on the basic design.
Zoomers will never know the pleasure of cleaning the three dirty mouse wheels inside.
@@vertyisprobablydead Done lots of those for people. Those old units could be quite "organic" inside. One was full of chewed bits of fingernails.
I didn't know ballmice needed a mouse pad. Me and my family has been using ours on the plain wooden tabletop back in the Windows XP days and it worked fine.
Occasionally, though, the ball would get stuck and had to be cleaned, ofc.
@@vertyisprobablydead right, because every time new technology comes out, the old tech is immediately purged from the face of this world and only exists as memories in people's brains from then on, duh!
I grew up with compact cassettes, VCR, NES and the Gameboy Pocket, but not in the 90's! 😁
@@LRM12o8 Yes, eventually the third world will be able to afford the new technology long after it stops being trendy, that's a given.
it's really incredible how deep the rabbit hole goes. Theres always one more layer of complexity underneath. No one ever really knows how everything 100% works end to end.
That's the beauty of society. There is virtually no field where only 1 person can construct it all. From medical to space rockets to music tech to automobiles to computers. You do your part, your job and someone else moves the chain along. That's the essence in everything.
@@fr9714 we live in a society after all
@@audiofile8311 insert Joker meme
The amount of work in this video is simply impressive
Great video! You understand how people understand. Science communication is so so so hard, but you've laid everything out in a really concise and precise way!
Being a computer engineer myself I wasn't really aware of the complex engineering and effort it took to build a small optical mouse....Your video is a gem 💎
are you sure you're not a software engineer.
just kidding, this profession is so extensive that one cannot know everything.
your not an engineer not a proper one at least
@@mohamedelhaddade6371 Agreed with your second point 😁
A computer engineer shouldn't be expected to know these stuffs either.
DSP
Cross Correlation
Control System
Image Processing
etc are all core subjects of Electronics Engineering.
People trolling you might not have any idea about it.
BTW in Mother Russia a 5 year old kid design these. Come to Russia.
@@KejriwalBhakt Oh thnx for being so kind enough and it's not an issue bcz I don't pay attentions to trolls ❤️❤️❤️
I noticed that when i hold my mouse so that the sun would shine on the backside of it the curser would move on its own in random directions and now I know why. Thank you for that informative video, I really enjoyed it
How simple the technology looks compared to the processes that goes into it is all on one side of the scale,.. while the quality of this video is equally matching it on the other.
Animation, explanation, and flow is really well thoughtout and greatly executed.
I was using mice back in the ball days and it's so awesome to see that we've replaced the ball with what is essentially a camera (no one misses cleaning out the ball and the rollers!). I knew pretty much how it worked, but this video filled in so many blanks, and knowing the insane data processing speeds of thousands of 'pictures' every second is truly mind blowing. How do modern mice work? They're constantly scanning the table and thinking about the imperfections, tens of thousands of times a second. Incredible!
This channel is criminally underrated, great video as always sir!
Just amazing, it's seems like a simple mouse 🖱️but all the engineering and science behind it, just wow.
I can't believe I'm watching this much helpful content for free. Love you guys for this much information in a very short time
Thank you very much!
Nice couple pfp
Man, the voice. It feels like GOD is trying to explain everything too me. And I'm so desperately listening all of it again and again.
Wow, compliments to this video. I love the in-depth breakdown that goes into the science, math, and engineering. It was also fun to see the MX Master 3 mouse that I use for my desktop in 3D for the video. Lastly, I'm old enough to have used pre-historic mice in my lifetime. How times have changed.
The most Hardworking and underrated Person on RUclips. He deseve more than he is getting. I also have a question that why the people who provide knowledge are most of them Underrated but The quality of people here are priceless. I think this is Heaven
I have a mice infestation in my home and this definitely helped out. Mice tend to move fast and they take lots of pictures. Thanks.
You might want to consider replacing your floor with glass tiling, that way older mice can't get a good grip and run away from you.
Man, in the days before wireless, they were much easier to catch
Have you tried removing their balls?
@@jetaimemina lmfao
YeAh, BuT ThERe NoT aCTuAlLy MiCe
R/woosh me please
It's amazing how the simplest things can be very difficult to produce.
This reminds me of a video I once saw, about a car's steering wheel. It's unbelievable the amount of calculations that goes into making a steering wheel work
Yeah! And from that perspective they are really not "simplest", but rather "everyday" things.
As someone who owns the Logitech G502 Hero gaming mouse shown in this video, I had an a-ha moment watching you explain high DPI!! That interpolation that you explained translates into an actual difference in user experience with high DPI vs low DPI.
At higher DPI, even as low as ~2000, I notice a sort of smoothness to the mouse movement that isn't present at 800. The higher you go, the smoother this feeling gets, almost as if your mouse is going down a long water slide with smooth turns and centrifugal forces. High DPI means stronger gravity and smoother but sharper turns. I realize now that that feeling is because the interpolation algorithm is essentially smoothing out the textured surface that the mouse is capturing, which is fascinating to me!
So when pro gamers are said to use 800 DPI, this helps make sense of that. It's the most accurate DPI, where your hand movements are directly translated into movement. An interpolation algorithm can introduce tiny amounts of error there, or the smoother movement can make precise starts and stops of the cursor harder to achieve.
So thank you for this great and super interesting video! I can't wait to watch more.
animations keeps getting better and better, thanks for the superb job!
This is on of the best educational content I have ever seen on RUclips. Thank you for such good quality content.
It's so detailed ,I am thrilled by technology.
This video answers a question I've had for over 20 years. Thank you for your incredibly clear and simple-to-follow explanations!
Thay did thay best , use better mouse pad 🏁
These videos blow my mind and always give me a new perspective on technology that we often take for granted
Its amazing how much thoughts and effort engineers have use to make a mouse. A lot of complicated math, physics, computer engineering, etc.
It comes hand in hand with astronomy and the use of photo cells to capture information
I love 3D models explanation videos and i appreciate the effort put in making them
this is by far one of the best videos i have ever seen, informative and beautiful
I love how you used an MX Master 3 which is one of the most complicated mice.
I got lost at the last part of the DPI, but I really APPRECIATE THE EFFORT THAT THIS VIDEO HAD!
I'm not even an English native speaker, and this reached me on my feeds!
So I think more people will get to see this!
Very good video
That blew my freaking mind. That was so masterfully explained...I learned so much dense information with such ease. Somebody get this person to rewrite our education system.
I never expected to find explanation video with such an insane production value for this (seemingly) simple question.
Hah, saw this on the youtube home page 43 seconds after you posted it! Looking forward to watching it! (edit after watching) Indeed, quite interesting!
I swear I'm in love with this channel. Absolutely amazing videos. Such niche topics explained so simply yet so in detail with quality and comprehensive animations, leaving little to no questions to ask and covering other related sub-categories that make up that topic, fullfilling people's curiousity about how things work. Gratitudes.
The technology that lies under the palm of the hand is amazing
This is the second video i have watched created by Branch Education. I am utterly astonished by the quality and pure information provided. lets just say this will be far from my last video watched! I am eager to spend upcoming free time completing every video Branch Education has to offer! I cant wait!
10:13 "... and prehistoric mice use a ball"
I feel PERSONALLY attacked.
This is awesome guys! I can’t wait to see where this channel goes. Thank you guys for doing such an awesome job.
We really take computer and its accesories for granted. Wonder every time when I come across such great presentations. Although not everybody will understand the cross correlation stuff but will get the gist of the techology right under their palms.
I don´t want to know how much effort your Videos took. It is just so good for understanding complecated technologies like that!
something we think is so small and insignificant, actually turns out to be more complexed than anyone would have ever imagined.... Amazing video.
Branch Education explains...the nerve cell. 😃
Def want to see the next part(s). Beautiful accurate animations and very clear. Really nice quality viewing
Thank you for such a wonderfully educational video. I appreciate the really hard work that went into it.
I like that you used my mouse for the demo. I'm not often one to recommend products openly, but this thing works great!
That's my mouse ✨
Also it's insane, the amount of tech that goes into this, awesome video 👍🏼
And how inexpensive the tech is. I don't feel the sting so much for the price of my gaming mouse now.
@@SteelJM1 very true 👌🏼
The mechanical biology of a mouse!! Awesome
Should have rather asked for 100k+ likes,. Truthfully this video deserves huge huge appreciation....
This video is just breath takingly amazing. I'm impressed.
Thanks for the knowledge and detailed explanations.
It makes me feel privileged and thankful to live in this modern era, to experience such a complex and marvelous technology which would blown the brains off of the people from past 50 years.
"We're just a messenger." Dry humor in the midst of this awesomely detailed presentation. Dying laughing 🤣
No way I finally found you, saw one of ur videos on one of these TikTok channels that steals content and removes watermarks, I thought the video was so cool but couldn't find the source nowhere, so glad I found the channel 😁
People who have done image processing themselves understand how utterly mind boggling that processing speed is and it's even more impressive when you realize that your mouse is able to continuously do all this for an entire year on just a single battery.
Just so you know not all modern USB Mice use batteries
Many still DO use a USB Cable that plugs directly into the USB Port on a Laptop
For example wired devices respond up to 100 times faster compared to its wireless counterpart
@@stephensnell5707the lowest latency mice available are all wireless models.
This was very informative, and explained in a very digestible manner. Thank you!
Fun fact : You can take your smartphone camera and point it at the bottom of your mouse and actually see the infrared light.
seen this channel ages ago, loved it sm, forgot ti subscribe, found again and love it!! crazy well done and spoken
The animation is amazing!!!
It really takes lot of effort to make such videos
This video was so good I subscribed immediately. I'm not kidding when I say it was one of the highest quality videos I've seen in awhile and thank you form making it. I never knew I wanted to know how my mouse worked.
This mouse is Logitech MX Master. I have one and this is the most convenient mouse I've ever had, although it's not cheap
I have one as well and it is amazing, well worth the money in my opinion.
@@TheBenLemonade With Logitech you can't mistake
Plus the scroll wheel is one of a kind, there is no other mice that has an electromagnetic scroll wheel.
@@alexandrosfotiou6580 Microsoft also has good scrolling mice. I previously had Microsoft Explorer Touch mouse which was great, I loved that fast touch scrolling. But the mouse itself was less ergonomic and less functional than Logitech
I use the side scrollwheel to control the video speed, it's great
I love this video, hardware in cambridge seemed so hard until i found this gem of a channel! Keep up the good work!😁😁
"What is the difference between gaming mouse and normal mouse?" The LEDs obviously... we all know more LEDs make it go faster :)
😂😂
"gamers" be like:
*Sees a PC with okay specs: 😐
*Sees a PC with okay specs but with RGB led: 🤩💥🔥💯
Ayo It's RGB
*flawless optical sensors and shape
I always download some ekstra RAM, when getting a new sweet setup.
I never thought it's so complex to turn the mouse movement into coordinates.
And People use this complexity for gaming or breaking it for Twitch views.
@@shrin210 gamers ( some of them ) make huge money tho
The second one is .....well...
@@shrin210 and some use it to click "Reply" and respond with a pretentious comment.
@@shrin210 Gaming industry is a multi-billion dollar industry. So the complexity is in the right place.
@@PistolSovereign Yup multi billion dollar industry for the rich.
Nothing for the developement of humanity.
Awesome animations!
This is exactly what is used in lidar Remote sensing and navigation! It amazing to see how space tech has influenced consumer electronics.
Wonderful Day after watching your Videos
Impressive Animation ✨✨
Cheers
Never knew the thing just used a camera and such a brute force style algorithm. You have those IR RPM counters, and I always thought it was something more along those lines even though I don't really know how those work either. This is cool stuff, and great animations. Thank you!
Whit out doubt this channel is the best explaining how does works technology, 🙋🏽♂️🇲🇽
very nice explanation & visualizations! Wouldn't it be more efficient for the DSP to first do the crosscorrelation and next do the bicubic interpolation on the result?
After watching what small chips with relatively low computing power cand do, I just cannot wait for quantum computers and the amount of futuristic gadgets we would be able to make with such immense computing powers.
You have no idea what toy see taking about
The way they visually represent the complex math is amazing.
"Prehistoric mice" And I was so proud of my Commodore 1351🦖 ☹️ Anyway. Fantastic video with lots to learn from. Nearly no one imagines the amount of fantastic technology packed in such a small device wich was unrecongnized common in our daily life. An interesting addition to this might be to look for "dark field microscopy" 💯👍
I wonder how Windows handles mouse cursor movement that of non-straight lines. For example if you move your mouse diagonally for a total of 1000 px to the right and 10 px up. In this case your mouse cursor would jump up 1 px for every 100 px movement. How can the system interpret that movement? Does it store previous movement to calculate the path or a movement vector?
Either it doesnt(you wouldnt notice), or it calculates moves with higher resolution than what it captures. Or maybe both. But most likely it doesn't. The mouse resolution and screen resolution dont correlate perfectly.
Mouse smoothing
Don’t forget that the mouse sends the change of position to the pc every 1 ms. And the update rate of most screens is 50hz/60hz (20ms/16ms). Even with a high end monitor of 100hz (10ms) the pc has plenty of time to update the position before your screen picks up the change.
I don't think you can move your mouse that fast in one millisecond but ok
Incredible video as always! But unfortunately there's some outdated info!
Your description about how high DPI works on high end mice nowadays is quite different. Interpolation used to be the method before they released PMW3310 and PMW3366, back when mice used to have less DPI settings (sometimes just 2 for example), they used to have an "native" option and the rest was interpolated. However nowadays for most mice, they have native settings in steps, for an overall range of native DPI divided by 50 DPI for example.
They measure and compare pixel brightness to accomplish that, it's possible because nowadays the level of ripple/jittering is very low on high end sensors. Even "smoothing" filtering might not be needed anymore.
Also. Talking about laser sensor, if you're talking about something like the Philips Twin Eye sensors, they work VERY different then described here.
However. High DPI is mostly an marketing big number instead of being something useful. You need just enough resolution to move consistently and precise in your desktop, which might be at MAXIMUM something like 2000 DPI, we lack enough dexterity to take advantage of such high values like 25000.
There are a lot of other things more important for gaming mice... Like:
IPS (Inchs Per Second) - Maximum speed that you can move your mouse before it malfunctions, also, max acceleration.
LOD (Lift of Distance) - The height where it tracks the surface. Generally, you want to be quite low but at a height where it tracks every movement at a high precision of DPI (low deviation).
High Polling Rate - You talked about that, but nowadays there are sensors capable of 8000 Hz out of the box.
Also, high surface compatibility. Generally, you want a sensor that can track well at every type of surface without suffering with bad SRAV (Speed Related Accuracy Variance), sometimes called "positive acceleration". When you move your mouse for the same distance at different speed and get more output that it should. Used to happen with laser ICS sensors like the A9800 with less smooth surfaces.
Also... You can get something like the Razer Pro Click (or Pro Click Mini) and it does work like an "gaming mice" just as good, they even work at 1000 Hz Polling Rate. There's not an "rigid" rule, you need to see the specs in every case.
There's a lot of "Gaming Mice" from bad brands that aren't better then any office mouse spec wise. They just "look" different.
you are off on the dpi thing. That depens on how fast you set your mouse cursor in games/windows using a higher dpi setting with a slower setting in windows DPI > 2000 become usable especially for people using their mice mostly with their wrists not their whole arms like it is common today. DPI beyond 10k make no sense to me though and is solely for marketing purposes.
@@spinnenente it's pointless to use any option on windows settings besides the standard 6/11. Personally, I don't believe no one can have enough dexterity to justify something higher then 2000... But it might be useful at least for 4000 for some players in situations where you don't need pinpoint accuracy. But for the most part... It's just a gimmick.
It might be useful for other applications, like robotics.
The regular mouse that is portrayed here is a Logitech MX Master 3. Now, this is a $100 mouse which I thought was insane when I saw it on Amazon. But, the more I checked it out the more impressed I was. I've now had it for around a year and this video only makes me appreciate it even more. You may balk at a $100 mouse, but it is INCREDIBLE and the battery that's charged via USB lasts around 4 months before needing to be charged for 20 minutes. Incredible!
"Prehistoric mouse used a ball"
I have used that particular mouse a couple years back
How does the cross correlation algorithm simplify? Wondering how does the processor know to move in this direction and test whether the difference then reduces to zero or does it test in all directions?
I would like to know this too...
I think, since you accelerate your hand not instantly from 0 to the given speed, the algorithm, at the beginning of the movement only has to check a very small change in all directions. Once the algorithm knows in what direction the mouse is moving/accelerating, it basically only has to check the spaces around the predicted next point.
I find hard to believe cross correlation is used, it seems a very wastefull way to do a simple task.
It could easily be done with some sort of feature detection algorithm and a simple matcher.
Early mice used 16*16 or 30*30 pixel sensors. With hardware acceleration, it should be possible to use a cross coralation algorithm fast enough. Especially since you don't really have to check all possible moves. At least that's what I found in multiple online articles. I think feature detection won't really work that well witch such low resolutions and was 2000, when the first optical mice came not really a thing.
But im not a optical mouse manufacturer. So this is all just speculation and things I read online
Now I have a huge amount of Respect for my mouse. Hats off to the Developers.