I love this series. I’ve watched nearly all of these videos totally fascinated. There’s something very interesting about every one of these objects. Additionally, it’s absolutely fascinating how far we’ve come in our understanding of these “fuzzy patches of light that aren’t comets”. From open clusters that formed from the same gas clouds and are slowly being distributed about the Milky Way to globular clusters that appear to be remnants of galaxies that have been absorbed by the Milky Way to dwarf galaxies to entire galaxies, they all have fascinating stories. Thank all of you for telling us some small parts of their stories.
Love this channel. Very seldom do I watch a video about deep sky objects without coming away with 1000 questions in my head. With these videos, you've gone and answered them all ..... and more. Legends. Thanks.
Ed Copeland is an excellent lecturer! You'd fall in love (figuratively) very quickly. I took one of his Cosmology modules last year and just getting to see his smiley face every day while he just let his passion for cosmology spill over to the class. Ed loves the Friedmann equation and Friedmann himself so much that he refers to it in his notes as the "Cool dude equation".
Thank you Professor Mike Merrifield. I always enjoy your clear presentations. I received my Messier Certificate in 1994 and have found immense enjoyment as you and the others from DeepSkyVideos review and deepen our knowledge. However : I am a little confused. On one hand, you talked about waves, not physical entities, but later you used the example of actual stars being left behind and forming the spirals. Oh well, I will put together both, but for what I see in my telescope, I like the the actual stars and dark matter forming the spirals.
i find clusters as interesting as galaxies in a way that galaxies have been done to death, while star clusters are another aspect of the cosmos wich we can learn from alot
It shouldn't be too hard, provided you live in Earth's northen hemisphere, and in a place with fairly dark skies without too much light pollution. It is well placed high in the sky at this time of year.
Thank you. The wording was a little bit confusing at the wording toward the begining. I couldn't quite figure out if you meant the stars at the inside and outside are traveling at the same speeds literally or if the ones at the outside were traveling faster to make it look like they were traveling the same speed as the ones on the inside.
Could you name the wavelengths when talking about brand far infrared? I for example am interested in 8-12μm which would be N band. It's Long wave infrared when talking cameras but mid infrared in astronomy terms. Sadly I don't think ground based observation is possible
Theres so many NGC catalouge. I think i dint reached for 10000 Catalouges of galaxies Here some of quite Interesting NGC Galaxies to be studied Ngc1300-The Champion of Barred Spiral Ngc2841 Ngc 1365-the Great barred spiral galaxy Ngc1398-Double barredspiral Ngc4151-Nicknamed "Eye of sauron" NGC6503-Spiral galaxy lost on Local Void Theres many more but the galaxy on the list were extensively studied due to thier extreme Structure
Hmmmm....wonder if the center part of the galaxy could be like a cork bobbing in a puddle of water, and some of the waves we are seeing are the ripples from that "cork" bobbing up and down in the "puddle"?
Wouldn’t stars orbit at a greater velocity towards the center of the galaxy when compared to stars further out? Do Keplar’s laws not apply as well when applied to the scale and mass distribution of a galaxy?
Just a quick question from someone who knows nothing. Do these galaxies look different from day to day, week to week or year to year? What I mean is can one see the movement of the stars moving around the center?
You can see movement, with extremely sophisticated equipment, in nearby objects such as globular clusters. At millions of light years the angular separation is too small.
The wave is an emergent phenomenon like a "Mexican wave" in a stadium, or the backwards movement of a traffic jam as people put on their brakes harder than the cars in front of them, or the movement of the water molecules in a water wave as Prof. Mike mentioned. The individual particles in a water wave move in a circular motion and don't move much relative to their surroundings unless they encounter friction from the bottom of the container they are in. This is why things generally just bob up and down in the water. Surfers pull energy from onshore waves by matching the wave velocity and "falling" down the face of the wave.
Still hoping for a video on these recurring radio signals from space, would really like an explanation from an actual expert instead of some crappy copy/paste 2 line articles you see on the net.
Two spiral arms implies that it started more or less like a line at some point, and if galaxies are distributed in a polymer structure, this starting line would be part of the polymer as the material condensed from a more even distribution to intergalactic polymer and then to spiral arm galaxies.
Where did all this dust in space, come from? No dust, no stars. No dust, no planets. No stars, no galaxies. No planets, no Earth. Where did this, universally pervasive, "dust" come from?
I thought the reason for the stars near the center of the galaxy and the stars at the edge move at the same speed due to dark matter? What am I missing here?
No, the outer stars move faster. That's the problem that dark matter solves. I think the prof is implying that he doesn't believe in dark matter, but that there should be a more tangible explanation.
@@InfiniteCyclus The outer stars have about the same linear speed as the inner stars. This speed is higher than one would expect based just on the luminous mass, so dark matter is hypothesized. Merrifield, in his textbook on galaxies (Binney and Merrifield, _Galactic Astronomy, p. 510), certainly accepts dark matter.
No you're right, you're not missing anything. This video takes that as read, talks about how it contributes to the flocculence, and then shows the underlying spiral structure which is explained in the previous video on M51.
To add something to Michael's post, the tangential linear speed of a simple system like the Earth with satellites and the Moon falls off with increasing distance. Kepler's Third Law: The square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit. The circumference of the orbit is directly proportional to the semi-major axis for a near-circular orbit. "Semi-major axis" can stand in for "radius" or "distance from center of mass to center of mass" in relatively low eccentricity orbits. A circle is just a special ellipse with zero eccentricity.This means that the time it takes to complete an orbit grows faster than the proportion of the size of the orbit. Inversely, the speed of the object in orbit slows faster than the orbital distance grows. The orbital velocity of a low Earth orbit satellite (altitude is very small relative to Earth's equatorial radius of 6378 km) is about 28,000 km/hr. The orbital velocity of a geosynchronous satellite (about 6.6 earth radii from the center of Earth) is 11,070 km/hr. The orbital velocity of the Moon averages 3680 km/hr because the distance from the center of mass of the Earth and the center of mass of the Moon is about 58 Earth radii.
The outer stars have about the same linear speed as the inner stars, but have a lower angular speed. Without dark matter, one would expect the outer stars to have a lower linear speed.
The effect believed to be produced by dark matter is miniscule compared to the illusion that spiral arms have the same angular velocity across their length. More accurately put, the illusion that their currentl spiral form is the result of the same arm shapes rotating uniformly since eons.
M63 is a galaxy; galxies themselves don't "explode" per se. Some of the stars in them might, depending on size, however. But to answer your question, yes, if one of those stars in M63 were to explode as a supernova right now, we wouldn't see it occur in visible light for 1 year per light year's distance the object is away; if an object is 20 million light years away, we see it as it appeared 20 million years ago.
@Pronto Mostly because I expected a professor of astronomy to be knowledgeable enough of the consumer telescope market to see through the disingenuous (scam) marketing. But then again * professors are busy people * market research is boring * it might not even be his eVscope So it's kind of understandable, really.
Absolutely fantastic video. Mike is an incredible teacher!
I love this series. I’ve watched nearly all of these videos totally fascinated. There’s something very interesting about every one of these objects. Additionally, it’s absolutely fascinating how far we’ve come in our understanding of these “fuzzy patches of light that aren’t comets”. From open clusters that formed from the same gas clouds and are slowly being distributed about the Milky Way to globular clusters that appear to be remnants of galaxies that have been absorbed by the Milky Way to dwarf galaxies to entire galaxies, they all have fascinating stories. Thank all of you for telling us some small parts of their stories.
Additionally, it exciting to hear that there are more gems to come. Thank you all for your contributions!
More Mike makes me merry.
Less mic makes me merry.
IKR
And if you can add, subtract, multiply and divide, then you have a " Merry *field* "
Prof Merrifield is my favourite. Clear thinker and clear explainer.
Love this channel. Very seldom do I watch a video about deep sky objects without coming away with 1000 questions in my head.
With these videos, you've gone and answered them all ..... and more.
Legends. Thanks.
Brady's voice has changed during the covid-19 pandemic.
Damn, these objects are getting messier and messier
So glad this series going on. You are literally the forefront of civlization. May I just thank you. Especially in these times.
Two videos in a week. Feels like Christmas.
I would absolutely love to be a sitting visitor to one of Professor Merrifield or Professor Copelands class lectures. Likely very enjoyable.
Ed Copeland is an excellent lecturer! You'd fall in love (figuratively) very quickly.
I took one of his Cosmology modules last year and just getting to see his smiley face every day while he just let his passion for cosmology spill over to the class.
Ed loves the Friedmann equation and Friedmann himself so much that he refers to it in his notes as the "Cool dude equation".
Thank you Professor Mike Merrifield. I always enjoy your clear presentations. I received my Messier Certificate in 1994 and have found immense enjoyment as you and the others from DeepSkyVideos review and deepen our knowledge.
However :
I am a little confused. On one hand, you talked about waves, not physical entities, but later you used the example of actual stars being left behind and forming the spirals. Oh well, I will put together both, but for what I see in my telescope, I like the the actual stars and dark matter forming the spirals.
5:58 IT'S NOT BRADY'S VOICE!
I read this right when I heard the voice and it freaked me out.
Beautiful!! Can't wait to see that couple tricks up your sleeve you're saving...
Ah man, some galaxies to start my day!
The Infrared Image is Really Cool! Fantastic Video!
0:10 There are lots of boring looking clusters and things. Finally someone else who get bored looking at the same dull clusters and nebulae.
These videos are youtube gems in a sea of sh..
Can't agree more. It's sad as well.
yes
This channel deserves more views!
Well don't tell the people already here on the channel - tell your friends! :)
I love galaxies like M63. They're so colorful, dusty, and milky. I often wonder what treasures lie inside them.
i find clusters as interesting as galaxies in a way that galaxies have been done to death, while star clusters are another aspect of the cosmos wich we can learn from alot
My first telescope arrives tomorrow. I hope I can find this one in the night sky!
It shouldn't be too hard, provided you live in Earth's northen hemisphere, and in a place with fairly dark skies without too much light pollution. It is well placed high in the sky at this time of year.
Try to learn a bit about image stacking, you'll get really nice results even with an amateur telescope ;)
May you have a clear, moonless night then :)
Clear skies and high power wishes. This thing is pretty small......
This guy explains things very well
Thank you. The wording was a little bit confusing at the wording toward the begining. I couldn't quite figure out if you meant the stars at the inside and outside are traveling at the same speeds literally or if the ones at the outside were traveling faster to make it look like they were traveling the same speed as the ones on the inside.
It’s full of stars! : 0
What a great video!!
Hi I'm an astronomer this vids are great
A real gem!
wonder how happy are the brains focused on movements of stars in the sky!
Messier63 more likely a sister of NGC2841, she had a same structure but more detailed as Flocculent
Thank You
Could you name the wavelengths when talking about brand far infrared?
I for example am interested in 8-12μm which would be N band. It's Long wave infrared when talking cameras but mid infrared in astronomy terms. Sadly I don't think ground based observation is possible
yay more mike!
Love this series. You’ll have to do NGC next!
Theres so many NGC catalouge. I think i dint reached for 10000 Catalouges of galaxies
Here some of quite Interesting NGC Galaxies to be studied
Ngc1300-The Champion of Barred Spiral
Ngc2841
Ngc 1365-the Great barred spiral galaxy
Ngc1398-Double barredspiral
Ngc4151-Nicknamed "Eye of sauron"
NGC6503-Spiral galaxy lost on Local Void
Theres many more but the galaxy on the list were extensively studied due to thier extreme Structure
I need to hurry up and finish my observatory... I'd like to see this one!
You don't, it's not going anywhere.
Hmmmm....wonder if the center part of the galaxy could be like a cork bobbing in a puddle of water, and some of the waves we are seeing are the ripples from that "cork" bobbing up and down in the "puddle"?
More of mr Mike pls
Wouldn’t stars orbit at a greater velocity towards the center of the galaxy when compared to stars further out? Do Keplar’s laws not apply as well when applied to the scale and mass distribution of a galaxy?
Some unexplained thing called dark matter dark energy is causing it to be constant.
I'd love to get out with my scope and check out M63. But, seeing as nuclear winter hasn't ended yet, it will have to wait.
Just a quick question from someone who knows nothing. Do these galaxies look different from day to day, week to week or year to year? What I mean is can one see the movement of the stars moving around the center?
You can see movement, with extremely sophisticated equipment, in nearby objects such as globular clusters. At millions of light years the angular separation is too small.
Why no mention of dark matter/energy to explain the outer stars' speed?
I love this series. All that i can see in the sky is that tart Venus due to city lights.
So, if a wave caused spiral arms, what is waving and what caused it to wave?
It's explained in the previous video on M51.
They are waves of density. Compare to waves of density of traffic on a highway.
@Roman M. Bodies. Like traffic.
The wave is an emergent phenomenon like a "Mexican wave" in a stadium, or the backwards movement of a traffic jam as people put on their brakes harder than the cars in front of them, or the movement of the water molecules in a water wave as Prof. Mike mentioned. The individual particles in a water wave move in a circular motion and don't move much relative to their surroundings unless they encounter friction from the bottom of the container they are in. This is why things generally just bob up and down in the water. Surfers pull energy from onshore waves by matching the wave velocity and "falling" down the face of the wave.
@Roman M. You don't need to have nonzero pressure in order to have nonzero density. In this case pressure is indeed zero (or nearly so)
I do not have a computerized telescope, but I search out these objects with my trusty Cambridge Star Atlas.
wow! It could't be better. (seen all)
Everything in this universe is made by "dust" and "gas". Where did the dust and gas come from?
Still hoping for a video on these recurring radio signals from space, would really like an explanation from an actual expert instead of some crappy copy/paste 2 line articles you see on the net.
Two spiral arms implies that it started more or less like a line at some point, and if galaxies are distributed in a polymer structure, this starting line would be part of the polymer as the material condensed from a more even distribution to intergalactic polymer and then to spiral arm galaxies.
No.
Where did all this dust in space, come from? No dust, no stars. No dust, no planets. No stars, no galaxies. No planets, no Earth. Where did this, universally pervasive, "dust" come from?
Most dust is gas of hydrogen and helium.
I really enjoy learning about objects that demand multi-spectral imaging. Next time, how about adding X-Rays, gamma rays, and maybe neutrinos?
Seems like you haven't learn that much.
Imagine how many civilizations are killin' it over there!
I thought the reason for the stars near the center of the galaxy and the stars at the edge move at the same speed due to dark matter? What am I missing here?
No, the outer stars move faster. That's the problem that dark matter solves.
I think the prof is implying that he doesn't believe in dark matter, but that there should be a more tangible explanation.
@@InfiniteCyclus The outer stars have about the same linear speed as the inner stars. This speed is higher than one would expect based just on the luminous mass, so dark matter is hypothesized. Merrifield, in his textbook on galaxies (Binney and Merrifield, _Galactic Astronomy, p. 510), certainly accepts dark matter.
No you're right, you're not missing anything. This video takes that as read, talks about how it contributes to the flocculence, and then shows the underlying spiral structure which is explained in the previous video on M51.
To add something to Michael's post, the tangential linear speed of a simple system like the Earth with satellites and the Moon falls off with increasing distance.
Kepler's Third Law: The square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit.
The circumference of the orbit is directly proportional to the semi-major axis for a near-circular orbit. "Semi-major axis" can stand in for "radius" or "distance from center of mass to center of mass" in relatively low eccentricity orbits. A circle is just a special ellipse with zero eccentricity.This means that the time it takes to complete an orbit grows faster than the proportion of the size of the orbit. Inversely, the speed of the object in orbit slows faster than the orbital distance grows.
The orbital velocity of a low Earth orbit satellite (altitude is very small relative to Earth's equatorial radius of 6378 km) is about 28,000 km/hr. The orbital velocity of a geosynchronous satellite (about 6.6 earth radii from the center of Earth) is 11,070 km/hr. The orbital velocity of the Moon averages 3680 km/hr because the distance from the center of mass of the Earth and the center of mass of the Moon is about 58 Earth radii.
Messier master!
I thought dark matter was an explanation for the reason stars on the outside of a galaxy move at a higher pace, then the ones at the inside??
The outer stars have about the same linear speed as the inner stars, but have a lower angular speed. Without dark matter, one would expect the outer stars to have a lower linear speed.
The effect believed to be produced by dark matter is miniscule compared to the illusion that spiral arms have the same angular velocity across their length. More accurately put, the illusion that their currentl spiral form is the result of the same arm shapes rotating uniformly since eons.
20 - 50 million light years away..Correct me please, if M63, exploded, disappeared ''right now" we wouldn't know for another 20 - 50 million years..?
M63 is a galaxy; galxies themselves don't "explode" per se. Some of the stars in them might, depending on size, however. But to answer your question, yes, if one of those stars in M63 were to explode as a supernova right now, we wouldn't see it occur in visible light for 1 year per light year's distance the object is away; if an object is 20 million light years away, we see it as it appeared 20 million years ago.
The answer is Yes. If M63 were blotted out by a giant Space Octopus it would take tens of millions of years for news to reach us.
I'm slightly disappointed that professor Merrifield appears to own an eVscope...
@Pronto Mostly because I expected a professor of astronomy to be knowledgeable enough of the consumer telescope market to see through the disingenuous (scam) marketing. But then again
* professors are busy people
* market research is boring
* it might not even be his eVscope
So it's kind of understandable, really.
A pretty starfield is a Merrifield.
hi everybody, if you are in quarantine.
You forgot the starship engine noise on the space pictures. Unwatchable.