Osteology of Head & Neck - Maxilla

Maxilla - They are paired, irregular, pneumatic bones.
It presents a body & 4 Processes - zygomatic, frontal, alveolar & palatine processes.
Body is pyramidal shape with 4 surfaces - anterior, posterior, orbital nasal
Anterior surface presents - canine eminence, incisive fossa, canine fossa, infraorbital foramen.
Posterior surface presents a groove, which is related to maxillary nerve, passes through inferior orbital fissure, appears in the orbital surfaces as infraorbital nerve.
It presents maxillary tuberosity above & behind the 3rd molar tooth - gives attachment to superficial fibres of medial pterygoid muscle
Orbital surface - forms the floor of the orbit, presents infraorbital groove leads to infraorbital canal opens at anterior surface as infraorbital foramen.
It is limited by infraorbital margin - presents nasolacrimal groove
medial margin - articulates with from before backwards lacrimal bone, orbital plate of ethmoid & orbital process of palatine bone
Posterior margin is free forms anteromedial boundary of inferior orbital fissure.
Nasal surface - faces medially, presents a large irregular maxillary hiatus.
In articulated skull the size of hiatus is reduced by the following bones- uncinate process of ethmoid bone, decending process of lacrimal bone from above, maxillary process of perpendicular plate of palatine bone from behind, maxillary process of inferior nasal concha from below.
In front of the hiatus, it presents conchal crest - articulating with inferior nasal concha.
Zygomatic process presents the apex of the pryamidal body, articulates with maxillary process of zygomatic bone
Frontal process - is directed upwards. Presents a tip, anterior & posterior borders, lateral & medial surfaces
Alveolar process directed downwards, presents sockets for upper teeth.
Palatine process - directed medially, presents superior & inferior surfaces, medial & posterior borders
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