Liver damage Due to drugs, alcohol, and bad diet. Simple Steatosis = Fat accumulation & peri-venular fibrosis. . Continued bad habits result in inflammation (Steato-hepatitis = fatty liver disease): liver cell necrosis, inflammation, Mallory body formation, fibrosis. . Continued damage results in Liver cirrhosis. Fibrosis. Hyperplastic nodule formation. Shrunken liver overall. . **Steatosis and hepato-steatitis are reversible, but cirrhosis is not. . Rate of fatty acid input (uptake + synthesis within liver) to liver > fatty acid output (FA oxidation + lipid secretion via VLDLs out of liver) from liver => steatosis. . Steatosis: Hepatocyte takes in excessive lipids. Hepatic lipase breaks TAGs into fatty acids. Within blood plasma, lipoprotein containing TAGs + protein are floating about. Hormone Sensitive Lipase hydrolases TAGs to form Free FAs which are uptaken into hepatocyte. In normal conditions, hepatocyte resynthesises TAGs from these FFAs, or breaks then down in FA oxidation. In steatosis, FFAs are synthed into TAGs to an excessive extent. . Adipose tissue transports FAs in lipoproteins which are broken down into FFAs which are taken up into the liver. . Dietary fat and glucose and ethanol all contribute to FFA development and synthesis, resulting to excessive TAG synth in liver forming lipid venules (rather than FFAs being oxidised). Excess energy (high FAs or Glucose) is detected by Peroxisome Proliferative Activator Receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) which is a nuclear receptor protein. On detecting high FAs or Glucose, it will increase Beta oxidation of FAs to rid ourselves of excess fat. If PPAR alpha is defective in sensing, FAs accumulate in liver. PPAR gamma stimulates decreased fat oxidation causing steatosis. ...................... Fatty Liver Diseases can be Alcoholic or Non-alcoholic: Alcoholic: Ethanol =Alcohol DeHydrogenase=> Acetyl Aldehyde =Aldehyde DeHydrogenase=> Acetic acid => Acetyl CoA *Withbeach reaction, NAD+ is reduced to NADH Acetyl CoA can be used to synthesis FAs within the liver. Excess FAs result in excess TAG synth in liver. . Hepatocellular steatosis results form excess NADH (causing shunting of normal substrates from metabolism into FA synth. High NADH tells body to make FAs) . Impaired assembly and secretion of lipoproteins in liver. Peripheral catabolism of fat. .. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (diet induced) High intakenof dietary fat, Fructose can cause it. (fructose enters many pathways to produce Phosphatidic acids or Acetyl CoA which are used to make TAGs) High fat uptake, reduced fat secretion, increased fat storage, reduced lipoprotein secretion in liver will raise Fat content of hepatocytes. ... Metabolic Syndrome (non -alcoholic fatty liver disease) Caused by any 3 of the 5 following: Central Obesity, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance
Thanks for this - I just discovered your videos and they are great for my learning preferences (i.e. the more visual). You go into really nice detail and explain it really well, making revision and learning a lot more enjoyable :D (P.S. you might want to rename this series as "Fatty Liver Disease" rather than just Liver Disease)
U r d best in pictorial lectures!! Thanks a lot for helpin me :-) Can u plz make many more videos in pathology of vital organs such as heart, lungs, kidney, carcinoma, etc..????
Thank you dr Igudia on RUclips for all you do, just got my test result today and am now Hepatitis B diseases negative. I will keep letting the world know about your good work sir
Great work Dr Igho you are a true definition of a great herbal doctor, i wonder what might have become of me, it I hadn't come across your RUclips channel, Thank you for curing me off my disease with your Herbal medication, God bless you Sir.
Liver damage
Due to drugs, alcohol, and bad diet.
Simple Steatosis = Fat accumulation & peri-venular fibrosis.
.
Continued bad habits result in inflammation (Steato-hepatitis = fatty liver disease): liver cell necrosis, inflammation, Mallory body formation, fibrosis.
.
Continued damage results in Liver cirrhosis. Fibrosis. Hyperplastic nodule formation. Shrunken liver overall.
.
**Steatosis and hepato-steatitis are reversible, but cirrhosis is not.
.
Rate of fatty acid input (uptake + synthesis within liver) to liver > fatty acid output (FA oxidation + lipid secretion via VLDLs out of liver) from liver => steatosis.
.
Steatosis:
Hepatocyte takes in excessive lipids.
Hepatic lipase breaks TAGs into fatty acids.
Within blood plasma, lipoprotein containing TAGs + protein are floating about. Hormone Sensitive Lipase hydrolases TAGs to form Free FAs which are uptaken into hepatocyte.
In normal conditions, hepatocyte resynthesises TAGs from these FFAs, or breaks then down in FA oxidation.
In steatosis, FFAs are synthed into TAGs to an excessive extent.
.
Adipose tissue transports FAs in lipoproteins which are broken down into FFAs which are taken up into the liver.
.
Dietary fat and glucose and ethanol all contribute to FFA development and synthesis, resulting to excessive TAG synth in liver forming lipid venules (rather than FFAs being oxidised).
Excess energy (high FAs or Glucose) is detected by Peroxisome Proliferative Activator Receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) which is a nuclear receptor protein. On detecting high FAs or Glucose, it will increase Beta oxidation of FAs to rid ourselves of excess fat.
If PPAR alpha is defective in sensing, FAs accumulate in liver.
PPAR gamma stimulates decreased fat oxidation causing steatosis.
......................
Fatty Liver Diseases can be Alcoholic or Non-alcoholic:
Alcoholic:
Ethanol =Alcohol DeHydrogenase=> Acetyl Aldehyde =Aldehyde DeHydrogenase=> Acetic acid => Acetyl CoA
*Withbeach reaction, NAD+ is reduced to NADH
Acetyl CoA can be used to synthesis FAs within the liver. Excess FAs result in excess TAG synth in liver.
.
Hepatocellular steatosis results form excess NADH (causing shunting of normal substrates from metabolism into FA synth. High NADH tells body to make FAs)
.
Impaired assembly and secretion of lipoproteins in liver.
Peripheral catabolism of fat.
..
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (diet induced)
High intakenof dietary fat, Fructose can cause it. (fructose enters many pathways to produce Phosphatidic acids or Acetyl CoA which are used to make TAGs)
High fat uptake, reduced fat secretion, increased fat storage, reduced lipoprotein secretion in liver will raise Fat content of hepatocytes.
...
Metabolic Syndrome (non -alcoholic fatty liver disease)
Caused by any 3 of the 5 following:
Central Obesity, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance
Thankyou Armando hasudungan ! You Helped me in my biomedicine olympiad
Thank you... Your teaching skills are outstanding. You make learning quite enjoyable.
Better then many books.
Thanks for this - I just discovered your videos and they are great for my learning preferences (i.e. the more visual). You go into really nice detail and explain it really well, making revision and learning a lot more enjoyable :D
(P.S. you might want to rename this series as "Fatty Liver Disease" rather than just Liver Disease)
Life saver, you are truly talented.
please post some videos on appendicitis,breast disease,other git disorder,
Thank you for sharing your knowledge
U r d best in pictorial lectures!! Thanks a lot for helpin me :-) Can u plz make many more videos in pathology of vital organs such as heart, lungs, kidney, carcinoma, etc..????
some videos related to anasthesia(definition,classification,mode of action,etc),and method of sterlisation in detail
post videos related to pharmacology of peptic ulcer,bronchial asthma,skeletol muscle relaxant,
videos on types, mode of action of cholinergic drugs,anticholinergic drugs,adrenergic and noradrenergic drugs.
videos on intestinal perforation,obstruction etc
can you please explain how increased peripheral catabolism of fat causes steatosis
Thank you dr Igudia on RUclips for all you do, just got my test result today and am now Hepatitis B diseases negative. I will keep letting the world know about your good work sir
Great work Dr Igho you are a true definition of a great herbal doctor, i wonder what might have become of me, it I hadn't come across your RUclips channel, Thank you for curing me off my disease with your Herbal medication, God bless you Sir.
Who's this doctor?
LOVE your work! phenomenal!! Thank you!
Can you do a video about preparing drawings and filming?
Ure the best👍🏻🙏🏻
you are the man
YOU ROCK!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! MORE LIVER VIDEOS PLEASE? THANKS ARMANDO :)
I see you use Robbins ;)
Thaaaaaaanks you are amazing
Thank you again
👍👍👍👍👍👍👍