Most Powerful Explosion Humanity Has Ever Seen Revealed a New Enigma
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- Опубликовано: 8 май 2024
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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about updates about the most powerful explosion humanity has ever seen and it happened very recently - GRB 221009A
Links:
Previous video: • Cosmic Explosion That ...
Another one: • Wow! Cosmic Explosion ...
r-process: • Life on Earth May Only...
news.northwestern.edu/stories...
www.nature.com/articles/s4155...
#boat #grb #explosion
0:00 BOAT - brightest of all time
1:55 New discoveries and more mysteries
2:40 So bright it was impossible to study
3:30 Initial detections by JWST
4:02 Supernova
4:40 Jets
6:10 Explanations
6:50 Galaxy
7:15 New mystery - elements
9:00 Conclusions
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Credit:
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ESA/ATG Europe; CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
DESY, Science Communication Lab • A cosmic experience - ...
Mark Garlick www.markgarlick.com
NASA/DOE/Fermi LAT Collaboration - svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14227
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Наука
I just felt a major disturbance in the force. Like the screams of ten billion souls suddenly turning silent.
But it happened in 2022
@hawk8566 feeling dilation... yeah, takes a bit for the feelers to hit home. Since it's far far away.
Anton: "This is literally as powerful as it gets"
Universe: "Hold my beer-"
The Emperor: "Now you will experience the true power of unlimited power!"
If the universe is an alcoholic, that explains almost everything.
Universe, chill.
It would be more like "Hold my Bose-Einstein condensate"
@@u.v.s.5583 FREE PALPATINE? Can we get some of that unlimited power for the powerplants?
The lack of heavy elements is VERY Interesting! Great job as always Anton!!!
The sky is a library of stories yet untold.
They are being told to us constantly by the Great Creator.
They're even being shouted to us, but unfortunately we're not advanced enough to pick the stories up, let alone understand them.
At least not yet...
Original big bang like a super nova also spewed out heavy metals.
@@perpetualbystander4516
Boooooooo
poetry my friend
@@kendomyers 😢
Anton you are the COAT - coolest of all time
Woat?
Wonderfulest of all time?
@@kendomyershaha I vote WOAT
CCOAT Cosmilogically Coolest Of All Time. Put that on your candy and CCOAT it!
@@AUniqueNameWOAT usually means worst of all time 💀
The scary thought is, that because it even affected us only a little, any potential civilisation in galaxies closer to it probably went extinct because of it if they existed.
No way other galaxies got affected to that level, not even far away planets in the same galaxy got affected to an extinction level
It was so long ago it's now like it never happened there.
After two billion years I'm sure life has recovered by now. Maybe not intelligent.... but still there.
The high-energy gamma rays is collimated into a narrow beam about the diameter of our solar system (Professor Stan Woosley, Professor of Astrophysics at UC Santa Cruz.)
@@SB-qm5wgAstrophysicists evaluate events as the time they reach Earth. 2 billion light years is a measurement of distance.
Im a simple person: i see a thumbnail of anton waving at me, i click.
That was me, sorry.
Well said
:))
Could you try and be a little more careful next time please..
Please open a window
Is it possible that a super fast object moving at .9999999% the speed of light passes thru a star really fast in one side and out the other; would destroy a star (or sun) in such a manner?
WOW
What a time to be alive, I wonder if as much of the world would be as violent as they are if they saw the beauty and mystery that lies all around us. Thanks for sharing Anton ❤
What does that have to do with starving and being homeless?
I wish we'd quit wasting money on something that will never help people.
@@m4rvinmartianthis type of science is what eventually leads to better technology which then flows onto the rest of us. Ie, CT scans, cancer treatments,…I can go on.
You must be young.
Beauty and mystery has nothing to do with a species whose very NATURE is war. We are Chimpanzees and even Chimps conduct Wars of Annihilation.
Read War Is A Force That Gives Us Meaning by Chris Hedges.
Also brush up on your history - historiography is the 80% the History of War ... and war has given us as many advances as pure science has, maybe even more.
I prefer to frame it as The Magnificent Horror of Existence. After all a nearby Gamma Burst like this, while "beautiful" would end life on this planet.
Hold onto your papers!
@@m4rvinmartianLol, tell me you're a kid without telling me you're a kid...
I thought that the most powerful force was Hulkamania, brother.
RUNNIN WILD
Hell Ya Brother
Watcha gonna do, brotherrr
Its not immediately obvious to scientists what we will do, should hulkamania come down on you.
What happens when you add the Madness to Hulkmania is what scientists truly fear. The sheer Mega Powers that would be released if such a combo were to ever be combined.
So, if the only reason we're getting these extraordinarily powerful measurements is because we happen to be staring straight down the barrel of an extremely narrow supernova jet... isn't it a bit misleading to categorize this as the "most powerful explosion humanity has ever seen?" Most powerful GRB ever measured, sure... but as far as explosions go, this one ultimately ended up being fairly standard as far as supernovas go, right? Regardless, this stuff is absolutely mind-blowing. Thanks for sharing! Very much appreciated, as always, my friend.
It was a champagne supernova.
Why did you do that?
In the sky 🎶
@@Lngbrdninjamasta baby shark do do do do do do
So, if this was a bit closer to Earth it would probably have annihilated us since the jet was facing directly at us. Wild.
What makes you think it didn't annihilate us? Welcome to the after life.
We wouldnt see it coming since sound doesn’t travel in space, we’d just be dust. Be quick honestly
Yes! Incredible! This one was 2 billion l.y. away and still changed our planet's atmosphere a little, imagine if it was 1 billion l.y. away or 500.000 l.y. away, the planet would be fried probably
Don't go toward the light! Don't go toward the light!
This is very scary.
The thumbnail for this video... your joy exploded ... spreading out to others. It made me smile. Thanks for keeping us informed.
Thank you for the knowledge! Great explanation and presentation.
Thanks!
Nothing is more bright and explosive than your smile anton! Your a wonderful person.
Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. ✌️☺️
its beyond amazing to think tht many of the interstellar event we get to see are long over by the time we know about them. tht has blown my mind since 8th grade astronomy and studying red shift. Thanks Anton for tirelessly shining a light on the beauty and elightenment one can only find in science.
Anton looking so happy in the thumbnail makes me happy.
The event happened more than 2 billion years ago. It always seems odd to me that we have absolutely no way of know what is going on in the universe 'right now', except for our own solar system and even that is old news as we see it. We can only see the far distant past. We are destined to never know the current reality of our universe.
You make it sound as though this prevents from understanding the true nature of the universe.
@@stargazer5784 We can see, analyze and speculate and that's all. Where all of this came from and why is far beyond our reach. Maybe someday? IDK.
YT message “Resource has been exhausted (check quota)” message when clicking the Like button, again.
Why can’t I just binge-watch-and-Like my fave Anton as much as I want???
- Wait
Am I the only one thinking a jet was just pointed directly at us this time?
It accounts for the timeline as we would see the light until it past us, making it seem to last so much longer... right?
Yeah, more or less. The main thing is that we have to wait for the gamma ray emissions to reduce in intensity, along with 'going past us' as it were.
My child brain says nice, big explosion but my adult brain says oh no.
That's a great way of putting it. That's probably what we are all thinking after watching it!
The universe wants to kill you. You can't survive in what is mostly a vacuum, It will also bombard you with radiation when you don't have the protection of a generous magnetic field, etc..
Yeah mine too 😂
@@Julia-uh4li It's great to know I'm not crazy.
@@buddyguy4723or we’re all crazy
Good morning everyone wonderful person an everyone in between ❤
thanks for the update anton
looking forward to any and all further updates
Thank you Wonderful Anton for yet another informative video. 🤗🤗
It’s very interesting this didn’t create any heavier elements than iron.
It is. Since heavier elements tend to decay fast enough to notice, doesn't that place an upper limit on how long each atom has existed? So... where are they all from?
LOL this thumbnail. It looks like Anton is the cause of said explosion, and is damn proud of it.
So we coincidentally happened to be right in the focus of the jet so it LOOKED bigger than it was. Lucky us....
I like the thumbnail :D
Hello wonderful person!!!
Thanks Anton for everything you do. Your dedication to science and education is truly to be marveled and your efforts absolutely make the world a better place every day. More than you could ever understand.
Great episode. So many new and perplexing discoveries. Gotta love the scientific method, those who rigorously practice it.
This is way over my head. But wonderful that we can see history at this moment in time. An event 2 Billion years old just arrived to Earth . WOW.
At a distance of 2 billion light-years, that means there was no event like this at this range or closer pointed at us within the nearest 3.35x10^28 cubic light-years.... (using 2 billion ly as the radius for the volume of a sphere). So this event is extraordinarily rare
That we know of.........
You are an awesome teacher of our stunning Universe. Thank you.
I heard about this briefly but not with any depth so I'm glad to see it pop up hear. Impeccable presentation as always.
Interesting about the lack of heavy elements.
Anton's channel is seriously one of, if not the best, astronomy channels on RUclips. He's concise, accesible, and doesn't do clickbait.
He also pushes out more (quality) content than anyone else. He uploads pretty much every single day! That makes it just so much more impressive 😊
Was waiting for your take on this! You don't disapoint!!!
Great presentation Anton and much appreciated information ✌️🇺🇸
Holy crap. Billions of light years away and still effected the atmosphere. Can you imagine if this happened in our own galaxy?
This would be more like something a civilization in the next galaxy over, would use to whip our ass.
Thank you!
ASMR super comp of Anton calling you a wonderful person
During the eclipse I was amazed that only the slightest visible part of the sun made the earth light. That was proof to me of the immense power even of our average star.
That narrow jet must have been pointed EXACTLY at Earth. A very rare alignment.
Thank you for the info
Thanks Anton.
I really like the way you describe things! You put it in layman's terms that I and others can understand! I give you A WAY SCHWAY AND AWESOMENESS, thank you Anton!!!!!!
You Rock Anton !
Cheers From California 😎
Love the thumbnail my friend im happy to see such joy in you
Thank you Anton , great catch topic
Yes lucky to experience the power of a regular supernova funnel exhaust. That chart tells me so much, no one else can read. Thank you😊
Greetings from the old country Anton 🇧🇬
You are wonderful, thank you for the information and video.
Heavy elements are created when the rebounding core slams into the upper layers of the star when temperatures reach 100 billion kelvin for a matter of seconds. The rebounding core stalls but the enormous high-energy neutrino flux finishes unbinding the star (Professor Jason Kendall.)
When you have a star’s worth of mass collapsing down on something, it doesn’t tend to get ejected out into space all that much. Neutron star mergers are where it’s at.
@@oberonpanopticon What? Once fusion stops in the core of a star with more than 8 solar masses it collapses at 33% of the speed of light. The compressed core rebounds with extreme kinetic energy and slams into the upper layers of the star. This is where the heat and pressure fuse new elements by the r-process. The kinetic energy is not enough to blow the star apart (i.e. unbind the star.) This is when the enormous high-energy neutrino flux finishes unbinding the star and distributing the remaining hydrogen and helium in addition to all the elements created by stellar nucleosynthesis. Depending on the mass of the star either a neutron star or BH remains. In pair-instability supernovae no NS or BH remains. ("An Introduction to Stellar Astrophysics" by Francis LeBlanc, Wiley 2010; Professor Jason Kendall's channel. )
Best thumbnail ever !!!!
Fascinating, interesting indeed, thanks 👍😊
You have a great job and do it so well
I thought GRBs were only produced by acretion discs of black holes. I learned something tonight. Thanks Anton.
Absolutely insane ...
Anton is BOAT: Best wonderful person Of All Time
You are my connection to the latest scientific discoveries about the universe. Thankyou.
I will be back tomorrow to learn something else, Anton! Had I paid this much attention in school, I might have made something of myself!
Yes, there is some communication that We’re not quite getting decoded yet after 4:20 Love you, man
Wow I've never been this earlier before in my life
That's what she said
😂
Clicked on the replies KNOWING you beat us to it ha ha ha
You might be even more earlier in an alternate universe where this event didn't happen yet.
Congrats. This is the zenith of your life. You will never achieve anything even remotely close.
Hello back wonderful person. Love your videos. Thank you!
I always like the video the exact moment when Anton waves and says, "Hello wonderful person."
staring directly down the jet yikes 😳
if this happened with a star in the milky way, earth would probably be toast
WHAT A GREAT SMILE YOU HAVE! 😁
You remind me of Mr Science in the 1950's -- win I was a kid -- thanks once again!
the thumbnail is pure gold :D
Nice one ❤
I have wondered about this event many times since watching your first video. TFS!!
Oh I feel smart, During the intro I thought "How would we even know how powerful the burst was since we can't determine the spread of the burst".
Thanks again
Maybe the kilanovas have an energy to mass conversion we don't know about creating more heavy elements.
What a treasure of information.
Hi Anton, BBC News covered this with an interview with the astronomer royal for Scotland, so it was noted in the UK.👍
I feel like Anton outputs more content than my brain can absorb 😂
You are a giant Anton!!!
If something that far can affect us that seems very dangerous
Thank you Anton
When i open my phone in the morning:
Heavy elements are created by:
1. R-process: Ultra-rapid neutron absorption without sufficient time for decay between neutron impacts.
2. S-process: Repeated absorption of neutrons with time between impacts for some decays to occur.
3. F-process: While energy cannot be liberated from fusion of iron and more massive elements, such fusions can and do occur. Thermodynamics favors such endothermic fusions at sufficiently high temperatures. Such fusions can cool the core of a star, accelerating collapse. Such fusions produce high mass nuclei, which quickly decay into more ordinary elements.
4. I-process: Inverse fission caused when heavy nuclei collide (as in F-process) in the presence of very high neutron fluxes during supernova explosions. This process is approximately the reverse of ordinary nuclear fission.
5. N-process: when outer layers of tentative neutronium are bounced off of cores in supernovae, and are ejected from the stars, then spall into ultra-massive nuclei that quickly decay into more stable ordinary nuclei.
Not all of the above processes are distinct, but rather grade into one another.
The inner machinations of my mind are an enigma⭐
This really BLEW me away!
In my own research I found that playing about with the intensity of the solenoid gave rise to different jet formations. The higher the intensity the tighter the final jet. So I agree high speed rotational core-collapse supernova. Interesting there was no r-process, but as a counter hypothesis if the core-collapse gave birth to a black hole, coupled with the iron core being at the centre, maybe all the newly formed heavy elements were swallowed in the milliseconds proceeding core collapse. Unlike the birth of neutron star, whose solid surface would repel the neutrino implosion out into an explosion, rather the newly born black hole swallowed it.... to eject it out via the associated white hole (rotation and the Kerr metric) into the newly born subverse.
Besides Antons great content I think comments like yours is the real reason I absolutely love this channel. I can just about understand the basics of what your saying but, man, you folks who have the big brains really do it for me.
Okay this is where I'm going to sound a bit, hmm, I don't know how best to describe it without sounding a tad crued, but, well, it's really quite the turn on 😏
Oh my, I think I just made myself blush, for real!
🤭
@@Julia-uh4li 1 - just because you think something doesn’t mean you have to say it, bro
2 - it’s easy to sound smart, but I get the feeling that a lot of the theories I see in these comment sections are just mumbo jumbo
Great Video ... again :)
Space is just wow!
I'm quite happy it was 2 billion lightyears away. Had it been much closer, we would have been toast. And given the enormous power, I'm a bit worried there's another one waiting to go off at a shorter distance.
Dr. David Kipping (Professor of Astrophysics at Columbia University) discusses this in a video on his "Cool Worlds" channel.
Had it been much closer, it would have hit us while earth was still a ball of lava. If a new one happens, much closer, it will not hit us before millions of years. See, nothing to worry about...
If it hasn’t happened in 4.5 billion years, then it’ll probably continue to not happen for a similar amount of time
Read about the r-process (rapid neutron capture process) where elements heavier than iron are created rapidly during kilonovae and believed to happen in supernovae.
Absolutely mind blowing stuff this
This is only speculation on my part but perhaps the lack of formation of heavy elements from this event might indicate that perhaps the galaxy this took place within has a low density of heavy elements. After all there is nothing breaking the laws of galactic formation with this idea. Perhaps younger galaxies take much longer to produce heavy elements compared to galaxies that formed earlier on after the big bang due to their being a far less density, lower concentration of atoms and perhaps because the universe is far cooler. It could also be that galaxies are far more diverse In terms of heavy metal density and concentration than we thought and due to the fact we know dark matter galaxies exist perhaps this is not so surprising.
😊😊That smile!😊😁
holy cow
This is absolutely mind blowing... first, based on the distance, this star exploded nearly 2 BILLION years ago... and given the surprising effects it had on our planet, just imagine the destruction it caused in its home Galaxy. Or to a habited planet much closer. I wonder if it wiped out a whole civilization. GRBs are insane. It's absolutely terrifying that anything can release that much power. 🥶🤯
THANKYOU YOU ARE AMAZING. I LOVE YOUR SHOW.
The video about BOAT, was the most interesting, and exciting video I'd ever seen! I was so excited learning about things like this in space!! Thank you Anton for teaching me about things I could never have imagined!! 😊❤
Don't Rock the BOAT.
@@FMDD168 haha! 😊
Winston Zeddemore: "That's a big Twinkie."
This is revolutionary information.
Did the workers overthrow the government?
@@u.v.s.5583 Just a sad day for the "Scientists" who subscribed to model that turned out to be not so true after all.
Hahahahaha the thumbnail dude, glad you are ok with making fun of yourself ❤