The Best compliment 😁Thank you. I'm a one man show. I sourced some of the reconstructions from talented artists. Keep an eye out for Roman Ephesus. Should come out within a week.
Ephesos (Έφεσος, Ephesus) was a city in Ancient Greece, on the coast of Ionia, in Asia Minor. The city was famous in its day for the nearby Temple of Artemis (completed around 550 BC), which has been designated one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. A splendid UNESCO World Heritage Site and a living testimony of the Greek heritage in the region since Antiquity.
My compliment. An excellent diachronic overview. The temple of Artemis in Ephesos was my first student term paper. Its size is truly amazing, rivalling buildings in Achaemenid Persepolis.
Truly a pleasure to watch. My family learned some facts of the area we will be visiting. Very useful and absolutely the best visual and auditory presentation available on RUclips. Thanks for uploading!
Your scale comparison of the temple to the Parthenon is brilliant. I've visited both sites but didn't realise just how much bigger it was. Thank you so much for this excellent video. I've subscribed and look forward to watching your next.
Amazing. Thank you. That's really cool that you've been to the site of the Temple of Artemis. Considering the width is as long as the length of the Parthenon, I asked myself if the Ephesians who built the 3rd generation of it did it on purpose to show off. By then the Parthenon already existed. Thanks for subscribing.
I knew about the Temple of Artemis through a PC game: The 7 Wonders. When I saw it looks like an ordinary Greek Temple, I never like it as the other six Wonders. Only when I learned about it on the internet and RUclips videos that The Temple of Artemis of Ephesus was not only beautiful, but also massive! I legit got a little goosebumps when you compare it to Parthenon. Now I know why it's considered as one of the 7 Ancient Wonders of the World. Very educational and informative video!
I found your videos last night and already replayed them 3 times and will continue to watch them again and again with my family and friends. I'm Turkish and visited Ephesus, Priene, Miletos, Didyma and some other Ionian cities. It's an incredible feeling that we can stand where ancient Greeks stood, look at the same sky and imagine their bustling cities and lives. In space-time continuum, we stand in the right space but wrong time. Visiting their sites and learning about their culture is and always will be an amazing experience. Last summer, I went to Priene and stood on the edge of the city in the mountain. Look down and tried to imagine the Mediterranean see that was once there. It is crazy to look at all those green farms wnd imagine it was once filled with water. Thank you so much for making these amazing videos.
And thank you for your amazing comment. I have been to Miletus and it was one of my favourite sites in Turkey. I had the whole place to myself. I haven't been to Priene, but I have a feeling that place is also really special. And in fact, only recently I looked at google maps and studied the valley that was once a bay. I would actually really love to do a video on both Miletus and Priene and how they were across a bay, but have to think how to do it differently than my last Ephesus video. Thanks so much for subscribing. Although I hope my next video doesn't upset you. I will talk about the explosion that destroyed the Parthenon, and put the blame on the Venetians and Ottomans. I try to make my videos factual, without taking sides.
@@no.way.out_ if the turkic tribes had not destroyed what remained of these “sites “ , at the moment they appeared in anatolia, you would have the opportunity to experience them pretty alive today. But unfortunately the catastrophic turkic tribes appeared, and destroyed any civilisation they were encountered with, out of instinct, exactly as they tend to do until today. Not producing, always trying to steal other peoples things, only.
@@issith7340 pretty one sided opinion so I wont even discuss with you. Just go and look at how Christianity literally destroyed everything about paganism, a.k.a. roman and greek temples.
@@issith7340 Your comment is clearly one-sided and filled with hate, so I won’t engage in a discussion with you. However, I suggest you take a look at how Christianity, especially in the late Roman Empire and Byzantine era, systematically destroyed or repurposed countless ancient Greek and Roman pagan temples because they believed paganism was evil. Many incredible temples, like the Parthenon and the Temple of Apollo, were either destroyed or converted into churches, all because they were considered representations of 'satanic' worship. The destruction of these sites wasn't unique to any one group or period in history-many civilizations, including those you're defending, have done the same.
@@issith7340 all peoples recycled past buildings including the modern day Greeks. The Turkish governemnt today are performing excavations as we speak to revive history so they can promote their tourism industry & yes mainly all is of Roman/Hellinistic origin meaning come to Turkyie to visit Roman/Hellenic sites & at a discount. During the Ottomans many sites were destroyed and vandalized often items were sold after they found out some were willing to pay for these sculptiured rocks, or taken from the Dutch crown which included Britain cause as we all know the Bristish crown aint British. Britain and the crown have done more damage to Hellenic/Egyptian culture than any other. The Greeks were always a small population. The fact that Constatinopoli isnt part of modern day Greece or even a united Cypress is because the of the British crown. Most Turks, not all, of are a Muslim version of Christian Greeks, the rest are from the historic Mongols who are related to the Japanese, two great great cultures with values & success. Lets keep it straight that the British named Turkey thus till this day it belongs to the British (Dutch) Crown. Its their to control the area.
Lol what?? Ephesus was Greek...not Roman. You could argue that greek and roman are one and the same but before the romans came the city was built by Greeks.
Romans are also Greeks, alphabet Greek from Kymi, Gods from Greeks, architecture from Greeks, check Evander from Arcadia, Aeneas myth, they believed they were related to the Greeks.
Yes they would have called it Ephesos. Although I read that the Hittites, people indigenous to Anatolia, referred to a place called Apasa, being the capital of the kingdom of Arzawa. Some suggest it's the same place, so the name Ephesos/Ephesus might have an Anatolian root (Apasa).
Yes I know. It would have been pronounced Ephesos in Greek if I'm not mistaken. Although the root might be Anatolian not Greek, from Apasa, which was a bronze age city in Anatolia believed to be the same place as Ephesus.
@IliasTsatsis-mc9ig Well because in Anatolia, the Hittites were there before the Greeks. Again, it's not certain that Apasa was the same location as Ephesus, this is what historians postulate, but if that's the case, then it means there was a small Hittite settlement there before the Greeks founded Ephesus in the 10th century BC. It's possible there was some kind of Bronze Age settlement in that location before the Ionian Greeks arrived in the Iron Age. But I don't know if anyone knows for certain so we're arguing about things that nobody really knows.
@@Street-Gems very interesting, although the word Ephesus comes from the greek verb ''ephizo'' which means ''settle down'' since the city was settled on a large river. Plus the Hittites were also infulenced a lot by the Greek from really old times, even Mycaenean eras.
Learning so much from your beautiful videos. Intrigues a want to continue discovering our cultural origins. Would have been wonderful having these videos when taught about the period in school. Hope the new generations are gifted with the way you provide the information. Keep them coming !
Thanks for your informative, fascinating, well-narrated, beautifully illustrated video. It makes me sad that such a magnificent civilisation no longer exists. Years ago, I browsed through the play The Bacchae by Euripides. In the introduction, he wrote about the prosperous Greek cities on the coast of Asia Minor and how they lived peacefully side by side.
@@Street-Gems Thanks for your tip. I just had a look at "The Death of a Great Roman City". It's fascinating! I saved it to watch it in full when I find the time. (I'm from the Mediterranean. Anything to do with classical antiquity interests me greatly. I love world history, including ancient history.)
Great video! Greetings from Greece❤️ *One question, wasn't Alexandria the second most important and biggest city in the Roman Empire? I know Ephesus got important as well as also Antioch and Thessaloniki in the Byzantine period but I always considered Alexandria as the second.
You might be right. Ephesus was very important before the Byzantine period, especially when it became the provincial capital of Asia, but I may have made a mistake in that video, and Alexandria was actually larger and more important. Half a million people if I'm not mistaken.
I get it makes sense to re-use old structures but how is literally nothing except a few small chunks left? Everything up to even the entire base of the temple is gone. It’s crazy. Also makes you wonder where those parts were used then later on and how even
That is an excellent observation, and I will address all that in the 4th part of this Ephesus series. This was only the 1st part. Much of the temple was used for a structure nearby, and a lot of the marble was ground down to make lime. And I believe there was an extra ideological incentive to make it disappear from history. They were successful at it. But follow my channel, I will release more episodes that follow the story arc of Ephesus.
Linear B was the syllabary of the Greeks from earlier than 2000 BC. At some time a Greek Genius discovered that the syllables were either just a vowel (a e i o u y) or something+ a vowel . This something is called consonant (b c d f...) That was the last and most important discovery in the Writing. The Greeks took the signs of the easily written Phoenician syllabary changed their order and values added some new sigs and created the Greek Alphabet. The Euboeans made some more artistic signs and created another version of the alphabet that was transmitted to Etruscans and from them to Romans... The best technical description of the great Invention of Writing is the book of Barry B. Powell "Writing Theory and History of the Technology of Civilization" Please read it!
_"It's not proper for one god to build a temple to another god"_ (hush hush, we can't let him build it , it'll indept us to him, we'll have to wait till he's gone) _"Wait for it... wait for it... wait for it..."_ (323 BC) 11:42 _"Now! Alexander is dead, begin construction, go go go!"_
Lol that was funny. Yup that's probably what they were thinking in a nutshell. And they overdid themselves too, without anyone's help as far as I know. Kind of incredible for a single city state.
@@Street-Gems Yes, that's perhaps the most impressive: They did it alone. I wonder why the Romans never tried to over-do them, as far as temples goes? Maybe because awe? Or not to risk the wrath of Diana? Or maybe they just never felt that any of the gods truly deserved it to that amount? The Romans were quite pragmatic. They tended to make offerings to their gods only _after_ the god in question had proven itself worthy of it.
@@larsrons7937 Yeah I asked myself that same question. How come they never overdid them. I checked the dimensions of the temple to Jupiter in Rome, and the height of the Pantheon, and nope, Artemis wins every time.
Very appealing documentary, Thank You! The history and graphics about the extension of coastline I like very much. Malaria and bug nuisance a significant reason to abandon the city? I liked the inclusion of first currency.
The Temple of Ephesus is very impressive in size and structure. To be able to live at that time must have been an exhilarating experience. The Greeks were impressive on so many levels and sometimes dream of these ancient structures being better preserved. The fact that they weren't is a sad commentary on humanity that preservation of such impressive structures was not held in the highest regard. After all look at our present society. There countless buildings in North America alone that fell into decay in just the last couple hundred years.
I agree. I only wish these magnificent monuments were preserved for us to enjoy. In the case of the Temple of Artemis, as far as I know, it was intentionally dismantled, each stone take out one by one, and reused as building material for later buildings. I will make another video on that. People then didn't have the same high regard that we do for cultural heritage. Please subscribe to my channel. I love enthusiastic viewers like yourself. I am releasing a full video on Roman Ephesus in early December, then working on a 3rd Christian Ephesus video, and finally one that talks about its demise.
Ephesos is a greek city, and always have been greek speaking only. During roman era it was self supporting by its greek inhabitants, who built everything.
Yes of course, its Greek identity is undisputed, but some monuments would have been built by Latin speaking emperors, or the Latin speaking elite, such as the library of Celsus. I'm assuming he was a Latin speaking Roman. It was all mixed during Roman times.
@@Street-Gems celsus was a greek speaking rich person from ephesos. It was sign of inferiority , not to speak greek in rhe east part of the Roman Empire. Even in rome, the elite of society were speaking or writing in greek as a status symbol of themselves.
@@issith7340 Yes you're right he was a Greek. I was misled because he has a Latin name, Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, and because he was a consul. But yes his family comes from Ephesus or Sardis. Either way, he was a Romanized Greek and he would have spoken both Greek and Latin, as the governor of Asia he had to.
The Eastern Romans were Greek and they continued to be Greek after the fall of Rome, and continued calling themselves Romans as they held onto the Eastern part of the Empire until 29 May 1453 with the Fall of Constantinople. The last of that ancient Roman population was ethnically cleansed from their native land in 1923 when the Turkish state was born during the turmoil of the First World War. There are still Greeks refering to themselves as Romans even to this day.
@@JacquesMare The Greeks expelled from Turkey in 1923 were certainly the descendants of the ancient Greeks in Anatolia, but to call them the last Roman population is a bit of a stretch I think. The labels start to get blurry. But no doubt they were ethnically and linguistically Greek.
So sad humanity is rife with such dmns, but what can we do when a mind is uneducated and washed with bad ideologies. We have them today inside the West too, just waiting for the chance to tear everything down.
The Greek language is a masterpiece (read the Illiad and the Odyssey), and the Phoenician language is not so perfect, So, you are telling me that the perfect copied the imperfect. It doesn't make sense.
it does why think greeks come up with everything by themsleves? They just upgraded ideas and and machines technologies etc which they learned form peopels aronud the world and the ones who were there before.
@@maszkalman3676 Sure some influence happened during their interactions with Egypt, Anatolian and Phoenician lands, but Greeks made the most advancements that resemble todays western civilization. Nobody said Greeks invented the use of fire and the wheel. But watermills, analog computers, steam engines, gears, screws, lever machines like today, sewers, mining systems, showers, first canals, lighthouses, anemoscopes (wind measuring device), first arch bridges (Myceanean), alarm clocks, clock towers, first elevator (Archimedes), catapults, first forms of glasses, first central heating (in Ephesus), odometers, first flying machine (it flew about 200 meters), cannons, automatic doors of Alexandria, thermometers, aerodynamics, alchemy, written history as a profession, cartography (maps), geometry, first arithmetics and various concepts of mathematics, calisthenics as a training system, football (episkyros, 9th cen BC), most athletic games, first massive games (Olympics in Olympia and other panhellenic games in Delphi, Nemea, and Isthmia), vowel system in Alphabet, first musical notation, theatre (comedy and drama), evidence based medicine practice (first prescriptions found and first medical schools), first navy (if Minoans were Greek), first fantasy and fiction novels, geography, geology, heliocentrism (Aristarchus of Samos), early democracy and western philosophy are Greek alright. There are twice as that, but I can't remember them all. About 100 more inventions of things and other concepts. And we don't find any of these prior to them. So it's easy to say in a sentence that Greeks didn't innovate that much, just because someone said that to you on internet, but when you get to details, archaeological findings and actual written history, one can easily understand where the western civilization (todays civilization in most corners of the world) was actually born.
when the Romans occupied the Greek lands they did not kill/genocide all the Greek populations and replaced them with Latin populations. they were always Greeks in those Greek cities and lands under Latin/Roman occupation and control. Especially the Greek cities of Asia Minor/Anatolia like Ephesus for example were "free cities" from the beginning of the Latin/Roman occupation.
The stage of the theatre as shown as at 0.26min. is wrong. The typology of the standard of Roman theatres doesn't consits of such kind of an open wall. The acoustic would have been a mess back then...
These reconstructions are drawn by a person who has a very high expertise on the architectural specifics of different ancient sites. He is very pedantic. Acoustics wise though, the performers would be speaking towards the audience, so wouldn't that be a non-issue? The scaenae frons was behind the performers.
Great video! Subbed! Never heard of this city, and the history and ruins look fascinating! Putting it on a list of places to see. Thank you for making this great video! The production values are great and it's very well presented and laid out.
It's a mix of knowledge I already have, and sources I read for the purpose of these videos. My degree is in ancient history, and I've always loved it. Check out my other videos. I focus mostly on the ancient world.
Oh funny that you say that. Jerash is on my list. I have two more on Ephesus coming this month, then possibly Jerash up next. Watch my video on Caesarea if you haven't already.
@@Street-Gems Oh I can't wait, I watched most of your videos. The decapolis cities get neglected in roman studies and tourism although they are more preserved than many cities even within italy.
@@starcapture3040 Yes true, except Pompeii and Herculaneum for Italy. I agree that Turkey and the Middle East have better ruins than in Europe. Maybe because Europe experienced more urbanization during later centuries, so they built on top of the old ruins. But also because the cities of the East were just larger and more established, not to mention richer. But I know you know this 😄
@@Street-Gems and add to it the dry climate in summer it kept the ruins more intact and what is more beautiful that all of roman cities were built upon already established cities some of them go back to the stone age which give them far longer timeline to explore. I just wish Iraq was more stable for tourism since oldest stuff exist there. it will be great seeing you doing Uruk or babylon.
@@starcapture3040 Oh good point about the dry climate. The cities of Mesopotamia would be harder for me to do because I know a lot less about them. But maybe one day. All your requests will be taken to heart, and one, Jerash, will be fulfilled soon 😄Scythopolis has also been on my radar. Too many ideas and not enough time.
Really? cool thanks for pointing it out. I didn't know. There is another temple of Artemis in Sardis which is a bit better preserved. I have Jerash as a potential site to cover.
I actually did when I was researching this video. It came to my mind that Jupiter's in Rome was bigger, but it wasn't. At least from the dimensions that I found about it. Artemis still wins.
I love your question. I just went and checked in google maps and measured the dimensions of the Colosseum. At it's widest it measures about 165 meters and at its longest it measures about 190 meters. Compare that to Artemis which was 69 x 137 m. So yes, the Colosseum is much bigger. Of course we are comparing apples to oranges because the Colosseum was not a temple, but still, there's your answer.
@@Street-Gems Thank you. So, the Colosseum was bigger. Correction, it IS bigger, because unlike the Temple of Artemis, the Colosseum still stands. Do you ever plan on making a video about the Lighthouse of Alexandria? (another ancient wonder of Antiquity). I would love to see you talk about it because you're a great historian and explain really greatly.
@@MommyLongLegs-le2xh Thanks for the compliment! I thought about covering some of the other ancient wonders, but it's harder when there's literally nothing left, but it is a good idea. Maybe a short video. Stick with me and maybe one day I will.
@@Street-Gems Ok. In the eastern harbor of Alexandria, in the sea, lie the remains of the Lighthouse. Alongside Temple of Artemis, Lighthouse of Alexandria is to me the most interesting ancient wonder of Antiquity
@@MommyLongLegs-le2xh Funny I just watched a documentary that talked about the lighthouse and showed footage of scuba divers exploring it. I was aware its remains are underwater, but it was nice to see it again. Yes you've inspired me, but I can't make any promises as to when. I have too many other ideas I need to execute. Thanks for the suggestion though, I will take it to heart.
@@LeoKentric2017X-bx7tn I'm sorry it's been a long time since I posted. I was away for 2+ months and then this one I'm working on now took me a long time. It's almost done, to be released by mid September. All that I'll tell you is that it's about more Greek temples, but from a different angle.
Yes, the Temple of Jupiter at Baalbek is larger than the one at Ephesus. Still the temple at Karnak in Egypt is the biggest in the ancient Mediterranean.
By the time it was abandoned it had been a part of the Roman empire.... the ruins are Roman not Greek and the Greeks themselves until modern times who occupy that area until the 1920s themselves call themselves Romans
funny enough not only turks call it "roman" but many historians from the western hemisphere do it as well. The roots are greek and that is not disputed at all but the city was way longer in the hand of the "romans". Your definition of "roman" is important. If you consider greeks "roman" then it was an roman city as well but if you say otherwise you discredit the eastern roman empire.
It’s not pronounced Le-toon, it’s Le-to-on (leh-toe-on). There should be a diaresis over the second O, indicating it’s voiced separately, as in the famous Loacoon. I don’t have think mark on my iPad keyboard or I would show it.
Is it music what you play ? Instead to play Ancient Greek music or at least some Greek music in this theme you play this muslim which is okay in other cases… here sounds stupid and irrelevant.
Thanks! Yeah the timeline switching historical periods ended up being a good storytelling tool. I made it from scratch and will re-use this kind of method as it helps visualize where you are, even if you don't pay attention to the exact date range.
why are you calling all the greek cities in asia minor roman cities ? because of turkish propaganda ? is this a history channel ? ephesos was built by greeks at about 1000 bc and it became the center of the area at about 800 bc .there were not rome or turks there at that period so stop destroying history
no i didnt cause you refered to ephesos as a roman city i saw the same in videos about zevgma city where the found those excellent mosaics with greek mythology topics and greek letters and they said it was a roman city ...seems in turkey every antiquity is roman greeks never were in asia minor
Yeah I guess not in all instances, but for many people today it could conjure up negative imagery. What are some situations where you think it could be totally neutral today?
Effesos Alicarnasus Pergamos Militos Attalya and many were Greek cities. Ancient bronze age civilizations in Anatolia adopted Greek Pantheon culture and language and assimilated
Better than National Geographic and the History Channel combined.
Excellent work gentleman and all involved.
Thank you.
The Best compliment 😁Thank you. I'm a one man show. I sourced some of the reconstructions from talented artists. Keep an eye out for Roman Ephesus. Should come out within a week.
Ephesos (Έφεσος, Ephesus) was a city in Ancient Greece, on the coast of Ionia, in Asia Minor. The city was famous in its day for the nearby Temple of Artemis (completed around 550 BC), which has been designated one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
A splendid UNESCO World Heritage Site and a living testimony of the Greek heritage in the region since Antiquity.
My compliment. An excellent diachronic overview. The temple of Artemis in Ephesos was my first student term paper. Its size is truly amazing, rivalling buildings in Achaemenid Persepolis.
Cool thanks for the compliment Paul. Glad my video triggered some nostalgia for you.
Truly a pleasure to watch. My family learned some facts of the area we will be visiting. Very useful and absolutely the best visual and auditory presentation available on RUclips.
Thanks for uploading!
I hope you get to visit Ephesus!
Celsus was Greek he spoke Greek and all the letters are written at the library are Greek..that means it was a Greek library in Roman times...
Your scale comparison of the temple to the Parthenon is brilliant. I've visited both sites but didn't realise just how much bigger it was. Thank you so much for this excellent video. I've subscribed and look forward to watching your next.
Amazing. Thank you. That's really cool that you've been to the site of the Temple of Artemis. Considering the width is as long as the length of the Parthenon, I asked myself if the Ephesians who built the 3rd generation of it did it on purpose to show off. By then the Parthenon already existed. Thanks for subscribing.
Great illustration. Thanks
🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
@@Street-Gems🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
I knew about the Temple of Artemis through a PC game: The 7 Wonders. When I saw it looks like an ordinary Greek Temple, I never like it as the other six Wonders. Only when I learned about it on the internet and RUclips videos that The Temple of Artemis of Ephesus was not only beautiful, but also massive! I legit got a little goosebumps when you compare it to Parthenon. Now I know why it's considered as one of the 7 Ancient Wonders of the World. Very educational and informative video!
Yeah definitely it was its size that earned it that title.
Your channel is truly a gem!
I'm truly flattered. Really.
Excellent video .Cheers 😎🥃
Your videos are great, imo among the best on topics like these. keep it up!
Thank you so much! I hope this one does better than the last one.
Your information, along with the stunning videography, are so enjoyable! Thank you for these informative lessons!
Thanks for watching! Part 2 will come out soon.
I'm really glad there are people like you who enjoy learning about history.
I found your videos last night and already replayed them 3 times and will continue to watch them again and again with my family and friends. I'm Turkish and visited Ephesus, Priene, Miletos, Didyma and some other Ionian cities. It's an incredible feeling that we can stand where ancient Greeks stood, look at the same sky and imagine their bustling cities and lives. In space-time continuum, we stand in the right space but wrong time. Visiting their sites and learning about their culture is and always will be an amazing experience. Last summer, I went to Priene and stood on the edge of the city in the mountain. Look down and tried to imagine the Mediterranean see that was once there. It is crazy to look at all those green farms wnd imagine it was once filled with water. Thank you so much for making these amazing videos.
And thank you for your amazing comment. I have been to Miletus and it was one of my favourite sites in Turkey. I had the whole place to myself. I haven't been to Priene, but I have a feeling that place is also really special. And in fact, only recently I looked at google maps and studied the valley that was once a bay. I would actually really love to do a video on both Miletus and Priene and how they were across a bay, but have to think how to do it differently than my last Ephesus video. Thanks so much for subscribing. Although I hope my next video doesn't upset you. I will talk about the explosion that destroyed the Parthenon, and put the blame on the Venetians and Ottomans. I try to make my videos factual, without taking sides.
@@no.way.out_ if the turkic tribes had not destroyed what remained of these “sites “ , at the moment they appeared in anatolia, you would have the opportunity to experience them pretty alive today. But unfortunately the catastrophic turkic tribes appeared, and destroyed any civilisation they were encountered with, out of instinct, exactly as they tend to do until today. Not producing, always trying to steal other peoples things, only.
@@issith7340 pretty one sided opinion so I wont even discuss with you. Just go and look at how Christianity literally destroyed everything about paganism, a.k.a. roman and greek temples.
@@issith7340 Your comment is clearly one-sided and filled with hate, so I won’t engage in a discussion with you. However, I suggest you take a look at how Christianity, especially in the late Roman Empire and Byzantine era, systematically destroyed or repurposed countless ancient Greek and Roman pagan temples because they believed paganism was evil. Many incredible temples, like the Parthenon and the Temple of Apollo, were either destroyed or converted into churches, all because they were considered representations of 'satanic' worship. The destruction of these sites wasn't unique to any one group or period in history-many civilizations, including those you're defending, have done the same.
@@issith7340 all peoples recycled past buildings including the modern day Greeks. The Turkish governemnt today are performing excavations as we speak to revive history so they can promote their tourism industry & yes mainly all is of Roman/Hellinistic origin meaning come to Turkyie to visit Roman/Hellenic sites & at a discount. During the Ottomans many sites were destroyed and vandalized often items were sold after they found out some were willing to pay for these sculptiured rocks, or taken from the Dutch crown which included Britain cause as we all know the Bristish crown aint British. Britain and the crown have done more damage to Hellenic/Egyptian culture than any other. The Greeks were always a small population. The fact that Constatinopoli isnt part of modern day Greece or even a united Cypress is because the of the British crown. Most Turks, not all, of are a Muslim version of Christian Greeks, the rest are from the historic Mongols who are related to the Japanese, two great great cultures with values & success. Lets keep it straight that the British named Turkey thus till this day it belongs to the British (Dutch) Crown. Its their to control the area.
Great video. Keep it up
is there anything that didn't start from the Greeks ?
EGYPTIANS...STATECRAFT OF COURSE PAPER, SHADOUFS , BREATHMINTS, CONTRIBUTION TO MATHEMATICS, TOOTHBRUSH. G'DAY FROM AUSTRALIA 🇦🇺.
Yeah all other historical places outside of Near East
@@redmatters9318 lol
how do you feel that everything was started from greeks and egyptians????lmao
@@redmatters9318 Breathmints! Nice! 🤣
Then why is it that everything in today's western culture is based on thevGreek culture and nothing on Egyptians culture??
So well done. Thank you for the effort and time. Visuals are stunning.
Thank you again
Thanks for telling me.
Even these ruins look better than all modern buildings. Shame on the architects of today.
Agree. We lost "it"
You voice is very relaxing to listen to these history videos, it matches well
Thanks! I really appreciate it. Btw I subscribed to your channel. You make beautiful music.
That's what I thought too!
i love these simple videos with all facts needed to form my own opinion on the history.
Great job; the research and graphics are exemplary.
Thanks :)
Excellent video. Thank you!
Wow, that was really great. Thank you for putting it together. Very informative and beautiful!
Thank you
Wow.. I have to see the rest of your series. Ancient history fascinates me. Your videos are great. Subscribed.
Thank you 😀 I'm glad you found my channel.
Great Video, very informative and nice use of visuals. Also well narrated. Big thumbs up.
Thanks! 😄
Yes🎉… wonderful stuff… keep them coming😊
Incredibly done!
Wonderful! So interesting to watch.
Thanks!
Wonderful graphics!
Glad you liked it.
Great video series! So many precious information. I wish I had watched these videos before I visited Ephesus.
Thank you. Now you need to go back to Ephesus.
Superb historical account of Ephesus, thank you so much! Needless to say, I have subscribed to your channel 🙂
Thanks for subscribing Gerhard. Where are you from?
These videos are amazing - you got a new subscriber. Hats off to you!
Hey thank you. Welcome to my channel :)
Beautiful documentary. ❤
Thank you! I have another beautiful one on Ephesus coming this week so keep an eye out.
@@Street-Gems I will !
Great video, informative and entertaining.
Thanks! Stay tuned for the Roman part.
Great, monumental work, congratulations!
Lol what?? Ephesus was Greek...not Roman. You could argue that greek and roman are one and the same but before the romans came the city was built by Greeks.
Romans are also Greeks, alphabet Greek from Kymi, Gods from Greeks, architecture from Greeks, check Evander from Arcadia, Aeneas myth, they believed they were related to the Greeks.
Did you or anyone who upvoted your comment actually watch the video? 🤣
Ephesus is also a Greek aca Hellenic word not a Roman....
Yes they would have called it Ephesos. Although I read that the Hittites, people indigenous to Anatolia, referred to a place called Apasa, being the capital of the kingdom of Arzawa. Some suggest it's the same place, so the name Ephesos/Ephesus might have an Anatolian root (Apasa).
Yes I know. It would have been pronounced Ephesos in Greek if I'm not mistaken. Although the root might be Anatolian not Greek, from Apasa, which was a bronze age city in Anatolia believed to be the same place as Ephesus.
@IliasTsatsis-mc9ig Well because in Anatolia, the Hittites were there before the Greeks. Again, it's not certain that Apasa was the same location as Ephesus, this is what historians postulate, but if that's the case, then it means there was a small Hittite settlement there before the Greeks founded Ephesus in the 10th century BC. It's possible there was some kind of Bronze Age settlement in that location before the Ionian Greeks arrived in the Iron Age. But I don't know if anyone knows for certain so we're arguing about things that nobody really knows.
@@Street-Gems very interesting, although the word Ephesus comes from the greek verb ''ephizo'' which means ''settle down'' since the city was settled on a large river. Plus the Hittites were also infulenced a lot by the Greek from really old times, even Mycaenean eras.
@@Aggros-u9y Interesting about the verb ephizo. Are you Greek?
Your content is amazing, keep going!
Thank you so much.
Learning so much from your beautiful videos. Intrigues a want to continue discovering our cultural origins. Would have been wonderful having these videos when taught about the period in school. Hope the new generations are gifted with the way you provide the information. Keep them coming !
Thank you. So glad that they are enjoyable to watch.
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It's not Roman ! It's greek !
Watch at 1:18
Thanks for your informative, fascinating, well-narrated, beautifully illustrated video. It makes me sad that such a magnificent civilisation no longer exists. Years ago, I browsed through the play The Bacchae by Euripides. In the introduction, he wrote about the prosperous Greek cities on the coast of Asia Minor and how they lived peacefully side by side.
Oooo, I really think you should watch my 4th Ephesus video, called The Death of a Great Roman City. I have a feeling you'll really like it.
@@Street-Gems Thanks for your tip. I just had a look at "The Death of a Great Roman City". It's fascinating! I saved it to watch it in full when I find the time. (I'm from the Mediterranean. Anything to do with classical antiquity interests me greatly. I love world history, including ancient history.)
@@j.g.8494 What country are you from if you don't mind me asking?
Great video! Greetings from Greece❤️
*One question, wasn't Alexandria the second most important and biggest city in the Roman Empire? I know Ephesus got important as well as also Antioch and Thessaloniki in the Byzantine period but I always considered Alexandria as the second.
You might be right. Ephesus was very important before the Byzantine period, especially when it became the provincial capital of Asia, but I may have made a mistake in that video, and Alexandria was actually larger and more important. Half a million people if I'm not mistaken.
I get it makes sense to re-use old structures but how is literally nothing except a few small chunks left? Everything up to even the entire base of the temple is gone. It’s crazy. Also makes you wonder where those parts were used then later on and how even
That is an excellent observation, and I will address all that in the 4th part of this Ephesus series. This was only the 1st part. Much of the temple was used for a structure nearby, and a lot of the marble was ground down to make lime. And I believe there was an extra ideological incentive to make it disappear from history. They were successful at it. But follow my channel, I will release more episodes that follow the story arc of Ephesus.
Linear B was the syllabary of the Greeks from earlier than 2000 BC. At some time a Greek Genius discovered that the syllables were either just a vowel (a e i o u y) or something+ a vowel . This something is called consonant (b c d f...)
That was the last and most important discovery in the Writing. The Greeks took the signs of the easily written Phoenician syllabary changed their order and values added some new sigs and created the Greek Alphabet. The Euboeans made some more artistic signs and created another version of the alphabet that was transmitted to Etruscans and from them to Romans... The best technical description of the great Invention of Writing is the book of Barry B. Powell "Writing Theory and History of the Technology of Civilization" Please read it!
One day I'll tackle the evolution of the alphabet. Thanks for the recommendation.
_"It's not proper for one god to build a temple to another god"_ (hush hush, we can't let him build it , it'll indept us to him, we'll have to wait till he's gone) _"Wait for it... wait for it... wait for it..."_ (323 BC) 11:42 _"Now! Alexander is dead, begin construction, go go go!"_
Lol that was funny. Yup that's probably what they were thinking in a nutshell. And they overdid themselves too, without anyone's help as far as I know. Kind of incredible for a single city state.
@@Street-Gems Yes, that's perhaps the most impressive: They did it alone. I wonder why the Romans never tried to over-do them, as far as temples goes? Maybe because awe? Or not to risk the wrath of Diana? Or maybe they just never felt that any of the gods truly deserved it to that amount? The Romans were quite pragmatic. They tended to make offerings to their gods only _after_ the god in question had proven itself worthy of it.
@@larsrons7937 Yeah I asked myself that same question. How come they never overdid them. I checked the dimensions of the temple to Jupiter in Rome, and the height of the Pantheon, and nope, Artemis wins every time.
Very appealing documentary, Thank You! The history and graphics about the extension of coastline I like very much. Malaria and bug nuisance a significant reason to abandon the city? I liked the inclusion of first currency.
It was probably a combination of reasons. Malaria, wanting to be on the coast again. etc.
The Temple of Ephesus is very impressive in size and structure. To be able to live at that time must have been an exhilarating experience. The Greeks were impressive on so many levels and sometimes dream of these ancient structures being better preserved.
The fact that they weren't is a sad commentary on humanity that preservation of such impressive structures was not held in the highest regard. After all look at our present society. There countless buildings in North America alone that fell into decay in just the last couple hundred years.
I agree. I only wish these magnificent monuments were preserved for us to enjoy. In the case of the Temple of Artemis, as far as I know, it was intentionally dismantled, each stone take out one by one, and reused as building material for later buildings. I will make another video on that. People then didn't have the same high regard that we do for cultural heritage. Please subscribe to my channel. I love enthusiastic viewers like yourself. I am releasing a full video on Roman Ephesus in early December, then working on a 3rd Christian Ephesus video, and finally one that talks about its demise.
Temple of Artemis
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How did you create (or get) the graphics of the ancient buildings/cities in this video? Very Impressive!
Which ones haha? There were so many. I sourced them from talented artists who made them before this video was created, and one was custom made.
@@Street-Gems Awesome !
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It is not Roman is greek 5000 years before any roman
Ephesos is a greek city, and always have been greek speaking only. During roman era it was self supporting by its greek inhabitants, who built everything.
Yes of course, its Greek identity is undisputed, but some monuments would have been built by Latin speaking emperors, or the Latin speaking elite, such as the library of Celsus. I'm assuming he was a Latin speaking Roman. It was all mixed during Roman times.
@@Street-Gems celsus was a greek speaking rich person from ephesos. It was sign of inferiority , not to speak greek in rhe east part of the Roman Empire. Even in rome, the elite of society were speaking or writing in greek as a status symbol of themselves.
@@issith7340 Yes you're right he was a Greek. I was misled because he has a Latin name, Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, and because he was a consul. But yes his family comes from Ephesus or Sardis. Either way, he was a Romanized Greek and he would have spoken both Greek and Latin, as the governor of Asia he had to.
The Eastern Romans were Greek and they continued to be Greek after the fall of Rome, and continued calling themselves Romans as they held onto the Eastern part of the Empire until 29 May 1453 with the Fall of Constantinople.
The last of that ancient Roman population was ethnically cleansed from their native land in 1923 when the Turkish state was born during the turmoil of the First World War.
There are still Greeks refering to themselves as Romans even to this day.
@@JacquesMare The Greeks expelled from Turkey in 1923 were certainly the descendants of the ancient Greeks in Anatolia, but to call them the last Roman population is a bit of a stretch I think. The labels start to get blurry. But no doubt they were ethnically and linguistically Greek.
Was it really the biggest? How about the massive temple at Luxor in Egypt or the Roman temple at Baalbek in Lebanon?
Sad how so many of these great buildings have been destroyed by evil people.
😞 I know. We'd have so much more to see today. Most of the ancient world has disappeared.
So sad humanity is rife with such dmns, but what can we do when a mind is uneducated and washed with bad ideologies. We have them today inside the West too, just waiting for the chance to tear everything down.
the sadness of eternity .... good videos
Thank you for so much history wow
The Greek language is a masterpiece (read the Illiad and the Odyssey), and the Phoenician language is not so perfect, So, you are telling me that the perfect copied the imperfect. It doesn't make sense.
So in muvi fenikasit is barbarian grek is civilizedhen bllablla grek don't egzist pondio gjipsi
it does why think greeks come up with everything by themsleves? They just upgraded ideas and and machines technologies etc which they learned form peopels aronud the world and the ones who were there before.
@@maszkalman3676 Sure some influence happened during their interactions with Egypt, Anatolian and Phoenician lands, but Greeks made the most advancements that resemble todays western civilization. Nobody said Greeks invented the use of fire and the wheel.
But watermills, analog computers, steam engines, gears, screws, lever machines like today, sewers, mining systems, showers, first canals, lighthouses, anemoscopes (wind measuring device), first arch bridges (Myceanean), alarm clocks, clock towers, first elevator (Archimedes), catapults, first forms of glasses, first central heating (in Ephesus), odometers, first flying machine (it flew about 200 meters), cannons, automatic doors of Alexandria, thermometers, aerodynamics, alchemy, written history as a profession, cartography (maps), geometry, first arithmetics and various concepts of mathematics, calisthenics as a training system, football (episkyros, 9th cen BC), most athletic games, first massive games (Olympics in Olympia and other panhellenic games in Delphi, Nemea, and Isthmia), vowel system in Alphabet, first musical notation, theatre (comedy and drama), evidence based medicine practice (first prescriptions found and first medical schools), first navy (if Minoans were Greek), first fantasy and fiction novels, geography, geology, heliocentrism (Aristarchus of Samos), early democracy and western philosophy are Greek alright.
There are twice as that, but I can't remember them all. About 100 more inventions of things and other concepts. And we don't find any of these prior to them.
So it's easy to say in a sentence that Greeks didn't innovate that much, just because someone said that to you on internet, but when you get to details, archaeological findings and actual written history, one can easily understand where the western civilization (todays civilization in most corners of the world) was actually born.
Romans went to Turkey many years after the Greeks. History.
Amazing storytelling, and i can't wait for the roman part!
Thank you! I'm hustling on the Roman part so I can get it out as soon as possible.
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when the Romans occupied the Greek lands they did not kill/genocide all the Greek populations and replaced them with Latin populations.
they were always Greeks in those Greek cities and lands under Latin/Roman occupation and control.
Especially the Greek cities of Asia Minor/Anatolia like Ephesus for example were "free cities" from the beginning of the Latin/Roman occupation.
terrific video
The stage of the theatre as shown as at 0.26min. is wrong. The typology of the standard of Roman theatres doesn't consits of such kind of an open wall. The acoustic would have been a mess back then...
These reconstructions are drawn by a person who has a very high expertise on the architectural specifics of different ancient sites. He is very pedantic. Acoustics wise though, the performers would be speaking towards the audience, so wouldn't that be a non-issue? The scaenae frons was behind the performers.
Epfesos was not a Roman temple
Great video! Subbed! Never heard of this city, and the history and ruins look fascinating! Putting it on a list of places to see. Thank you for making this great video! The production values are great and it's very well presented and laid out.
Thank you so much. I really appreciate this comment. Part 2 is coming soon. All about Roman Ephesus. Definitely to put on your list of places to go!
Are you afraid to say it was Greek? Roman this Roman that! Enough!
I do say it's Greek. Watch from 1:18
So, Shaul (paulos) writes a famous letter to the Ephesians and look, the city and people don't even exist anymore. So much for saving them??
That's funny. I will actually talk about Paul in a future video, and the reasons Ephesus died as a city. Lots more to come.
Thanks!
Thank you Sean
Man, your reading and speaking is so easy to listen to! Keep up the good work!
Thank you! Good feedback.
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Man... Epheseus was a greek city! NOT a roman...
can you do longer video? I try to sleep. You should record audiobooks
I'm not sure if to take this in a good or bad way 😆 My next video will be 20 minutes. One of my longest ones.
Hello there...Linear A and B are ancient Greek languages that go as far back as at least 2000 bc. Greek Language never had dark ages of language.
Awesome !
Where do you learn this history? Would love to learn more
It's a mix of knowledge I already have, and sources I read for the purpose of these videos. My degree is in ancient history, and I've always loved it. Check out my other videos. I focus mostly on the ancient world.
Make Video about the City of Jerash and scythopolis along with Gaddara.
Oh funny that you say that. Jerash is on my list. I have two more on Ephesus coming this month, then possibly Jerash up next. Watch my video on Caesarea if you haven't already.
@@Street-Gems Oh I can't wait, I watched most of your videos. The decapolis cities get neglected in roman studies and tourism although they are more preserved than many cities even within italy.
@@starcapture3040 Yes true, except Pompeii and Herculaneum for Italy. I agree that Turkey and the Middle East have better ruins than in Europe. Maybe because Europe experienced more urbanization during later centuries, so they built on top of the old ruins. But also because the cities of the East were just larger and more established, not to mention richer. But I know you know this 😄
@@Street-Gems and add to it the dry climate in summer it kept the ruins more intact and what is more beautiful that all of roman cities were built upon already established cities some of them go back to the stone age which give them far longer timeline to explore. I just wish Iraq was more stable for tourism since oldest stuff exist there. it will be great seeing you doing Uruk or babylon.
@@starcapture3040 Oh good point about the dry climate. The cities of Mesopotamia would be harder for me to do because I know a lot less about them. But maybe one day. All your requests will be taken to heart, and one, Jerash, will be fulfilled soon 😄Scythopolis has also been on my radar. Too many ideas and not enough time.
The size of the temple! I guess hat's why we still say "What the Eph!"
LOL. Yup for Ephesus
Not Istanbul but Konstantinoupoli. History.
What about the Temple of Jupiter in Baalbek?
Yeah someone challenged me on that recently, I think they are comparable, but Artemis is slightly bigger.
Thank you. Sometimes a simple thing is more than enough. Thank you.
There is another Temple of Artemis in the city of Jerash in Jordan! It's better preserved! Make a video about that one!
Really? cool thanks for pointing it out. I didn't know. There is another temple of Artemis in Sardis which is a bit better preserved. I have Jerash as a potential site to cover.
@@Street-Gems If you make it, I will be happy! :D
@@MommyLongLegs-le2xh Follow me. It's very likely I will one day. I just don't know when.
@@Street-Gems I already do
Maybe check Artemis temple size with Jupiter Maximus temple in Rome.😅
I actually did when I was researching this video. It came to my mind that Jupiter's in Rome was bigger, but it wasn't. At least from the dimensions that I found about it. Artemis still wins.
Was the Temple of Artemis bigger than the Colosseum?
I love your question. I just went and checked in google maps and measured the dimensions of the Colosseum. At it's widest it measures about 165 meters and at its longest it measures about 190 meters. Compare that to Artemis which was 69 x 137 m. So yes, the Colosseum is much bigger. Of course we are comparing apples to oranges because the Colosseum was not a temple, but still, there's your answer.
@@Street-Gems Thank you. So, the Colosseum was bigger. Correction, it IS bigger, because unlike the Temple of Artemis, the Colosseum still stands. Do you ever plan on making a video about the Lighthouse of Alexandria? (another ancient wonder of Antiquity). I would love to see you talk about it because you're a great historian and explain really greatly.
@@MommyLongLegs-le2xh Thanks for the compliment! I thought about covering some of the other ancient wonders, but it's harder when there's literally nothing left, but it is a good idea. Maybe a short video. Stick with me and maybe one day I will.
@@Street-Gems Ok. In the eastern harbor of Alexandria, in the sea, lie the remains of the Lighthouse. Alongside Temple of Artemis, Lighthouse of Alexandria is to me the most interesting ancient wonder of Antiquity
@@MommyLongLegs-le2xh Funny I just watched a documentary that talked about the lighthouse and showed footage of scuba divers exploring it. I was aware its remains are underwater, but it was nice to see it again. Yes you've inspired me, but I can't make any promises as to when. I have too many other ideas I need to execute. Thanks for the suggestion though, I will take it to heart.
Also boost the damage of your ranged units
Fun fact: Grant's tomb in New York city is modeled after the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus
Interesting I didn't even know about this building. Yeah that's what the Wikipedia article about it says. Thanks!
@@Street-Gems Your welcome
@@MondiDoda What's funny?
I am from Ephesus. Greetings :)
From Selcuk?
This region should be returned to Greece.
What video is coming next?
Did you mean next after this video you watched? The link is at the end. Or did you mean next for the channel in general?
@@Street-Gems The next video in general. What topic will be talked about.
@@LeoKentric2017X-bx7tn I'm sorry it's been a long time since I posted. I was away for 2+ months and then this one I'm working on now took me a long time. It's almost done, to be released by mid September. All that I'll tell you is that it's about more Greek temples, but from a different angle.
@@Street-Gems It's ok
The Largest Temple was Baalbek not ephesus
Yes, the Temple of Jupiter at Baalbek is larger than the one at Ephesus. Still the temple at Karnak in Egypt is the biggest in the ancient Mediterranean.
I like how you didn't mention the name of the arsonist Herostratus
You just did 😅
10:18 the famous Makricheris the general of the ephesians at the battle
Good stuff by good people
Quality
Semi truck weight is 12-13 000 lb what is 5-6 t. Little corection. Same mistake as the best truck gps (Garmin), making all the time.
Turks will call it ‘Roman’ even if the Roman republic wasn’t even a thing yet when the city was founded.
By the time it was abandoned it had been a part of the Roman empire.... the ruins are Roman not Greek and the Greeks themselves until modern times who occupy that area until the 1920s themselves call themselves Romans
funny enough not only turks call it "roman" but many historians from the western hemisphere do it as well. The roots are greek and that is not disputed at all but the city was way longer in the hand of the "romans". Your definition of "roman" is important. If you consider greeks "roman" then it was an roman city as well but if you say otherwise you discredit the eastern roman empire.
It’s not pronounced Le-toon, it’s Le-to-on (leh-toe-on). There should be a diaresis over the second O, indicating it’s voiced separately, as in the famous Loacoon. I don’t have think mark on my iPad keyboard or I would show it.
Letoön
(on ipad keep finger down on the o key to show options)
Is it music what you play ?
Instead to play Ancient Greek music or at least some Greek music in this theme you play this muslim which is okay in other cases… here sounds stupid and irrelevant.
Great presentation with comparative points and the timeline.
Thanks! Yeah the timeline switching historical periods ended up being a good storytelling tool. I made it from scratch and will re-use this kind of method as it helps visualize where you are, even if you don't pay attention to the exact date range.
why are you calling all the greek cities in asia minor roman cities ? because of turkish propaganda ? is this a history channel ? ephesos was built by greeks at about 1000 bc and it became the center of the area at about 800 bc .there were not rome or turks there at that period so stop destroying history
I did talk about what you just said. You didn't watch my video.
no i didnt cause you refered to ephesos as a roman city i saw the same in videos about zevgma city where the found those excellent mosaics with greek mythology topics and greek letters and they said it was a roman city ...seems in turkey every antiquity is roman greeks never were in asia minor
@@nikolaosmarkouizos4597 No I don't ignore the long Greek history of Ephesus. Watch from this point onwards: 1:18
Greek is in the title, and to say it was the second most important Roman city doesn't take away it's Greek origins
@@jbrudert Yeah most of the video is about the Greek origins. from 1 minute on. I should have reworded the intro differently.
Technically cult is not negative, even today
Yeah I guess not in all instances, but for many people today it could conjure up negative imagery. What are some situations where you think it could be totally neutral today?
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The Oracle Of Delphi to Netan’yahuu
“If you attack Gaza, you will destroy a Fascist Terror State”
Filled with hubris he walked into Nemeses’ trap 😂
Apasa was there even before Greeks learn to sail. It is as old as Willusa.
Effesos Alicarnasus Pergamos Militos Attalya and many were Greek cities. Ancient bronze age civilizations in Anatolia adopted Greek Pantheon culture and language and assimilated
Explore Golgumbaz Deccan india
dude ephesus was greek city not roman lmao