Julius Caesar and the City of Rome
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- Опубликовано: 25 июн 2024
- Julius Caesar was not only a gifted general and fiercely ambitious politician. He was also a great builder, who reshaped the heart of Rome in his own image.
For much more on Caesar and his successors, check out my book “Naked Statues, Fat Gladiators, and War Elephants: Frequently Asked Questions about the Ancient Greeks and Romans."
www.amazon.com/Naked-Statues-...
If you're so inclined, you can follow me elsewhere on the web:
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0:00 Introduction
1:29 The Forum in Caesar's time
3:30 Caesar's new forum
4:42 The Temple of Venus Genetrix
5:37 The Basilica Julia
6:10 The Curia and Rostra
6:57 Dedication games
8:02 Caesar the god
Thanks for watching!
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I love the coin with the elephant that says, simply, "Caesar". It's like, "Yeah, I made elephants happen up in this piece"
Sometimes, less really is more
Looks like an arcade token lol
ok 🐁 mouse
The man accomplished more things in his *shortened* lifetime than 90% of all other great historical figures... if you put 10 of them together. There are so many things that he did that would be the crowning achievement of a career for names as distinguished as his own, that he makes appear like simple tasks, and not many people even know about these accomplishments, even those of us with an interest in history or even Ancient Rome itself, as the more notable incidents surrounding his life take precedence in the minds of many. And it would surely be pointless to look even deeper into his deeds as no-one could have done yet more of note, right? And this is how those things remain largely unknown. I'll note one example I myself learned recently: during the Gallic campaign Caesar crossed the Rhine... in 7 days. The Rhine was essentially the border of the Republic (at that time), with the barbarians, and was a feared boundary rarely traversed. It was (and is) a large and treacherous body of water, fast-moving and difficult to cross even in regular boats dedicated to the task. Also when have you heard of any project that big being completed in a week even in the modern day. Anyway Caesar made it happen, without modern technology, just engineering knowhow and the manpower of his soldiers. When he returned across the bridge, he destroyed it to prevent its use by enemy tribes. This achievement would be quite something for anyone. And yet, this isn't even one that is well-known, or attributed to Caesar, as it's eclipsed by everything else he did. Just an example.
Ok so the coin; this is a bit obscure I'll admit but you can never have too much Caesar. It might be a reference to Thapsus, the last battle of the civil war fought in Africa. Caesar faced off against an optimate-republican army twice the size of his own, superior in cavalry, and with 60 war elephants (and was still victorious, of course). Anyway in Caesar's camp when they saw the elephants there was much debate about who would get the honour of killing the beasts. In the end it went to the veteran 5th Legion. I love how Caesar is on foreign soil, facing off against a far more numerous enemy, on their home turf (one of the Pompeiian commanders was King Juba of Numidia, the local ruler, with his famous cavalry - and the elephants) with his back to the sea, about to enter into a must-win battle or likely be killed himself, and still, his army is so supremely confident that they're fighting amongst themselves over who gets to kill the 5-ton beasts. Not 'you draw the short straw, you must fight them' but 'let me, please boss, let me kill these things'
I often wonder what Caesar would have accomplished had he been allowed to live out the rest of his natural life. He was in the middle of a whole load of building projects, and had his most ambitious plans just ahead of him (the already-planned-and-ready invasion of Parthia, for instance) which he was about to depart for. He was only 55.
Like Donkey or Elephant? Which one did you vote for? Were the stars "inverted"? lol
USA is such a MASSIVE scam, its soooooo disgusting lol You cant handle the truth
This is simply the best channel on youtube when it comes to roman history! Thank you and greetings from Finland (a country beyond the known world. For the romans at least)
I definitely agree. This channel and Invictus
Edit: I meant Invicta not Invictus
Thank you! And greetings from my campsite in Western Texas (also unknown to the Romans)!
Not solely unknown to romans, this mythical "Finn land"... Where could we find that? Next to Atlantis?😎😉 As if we dont know Finn land is made up for bedtime stories...🤔😆
Tortillat avataan!
@@cahilla54 add historia civilis
One weird thing about Caeser is how he never looks the same in any modern media depiction or artwork, despite the busts from antiquity showing what he looked like. Can you think of Abraham Lincoln or Adolf Hitler having drastically different appearances in every film or painting?
Elizabeth the 1st of England or Henry VIII had those traits... maybe not so much those who came after photo's were a thing, but we do not too much know what leaders of the early century looked like in private, the photo's everyone knows being very much sets with an agenda.
compare the real Lenin, Che Guevara or Mao to our depictions of them and you'd be quite surprised... that's with total power over resources like Cesar would have had, but even for democratic leaders like Eisenhower, when they had long careers their depiction would change significantly with time in office to mark the different trends in PR.
Generally he's depicted as bald with a stern face, with the exception in Spartacus.
If I can recall, the Tusculum bust is the only known depiction of him possibly made during his lifetime. The Arles and Chiaramonti busts both look fairly different. It seems he definitely had a long nose, though. Imagine how different things would be if photography was around back then.
The two examples you listed we have photographs of. There's a lot more room for interpretation and artistic license when there's not an exact photo reference.
Yes I can
"Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;. And Brutus is an honourable man." ;)
Sidenote: Caesar was not only a rolemodel for the Roman Emperors, but for the Imperial Idea itself. Two Millennia of Royals and Emperors trying to imitate him, his way of life was probably one of THE most influential in western history, and in consequence of world history.
Hail Caesar!
@@jamesv.7041 🇩🇪🙋🏻♂️🙋🏻♂️👨🏻✈️🙋🏻♂️🙋🏻♂️🇩🇪
AVE CAESER
Hail Caesar Salada
He really did outdo Phillip/Alexander in that way. His legacy is 1500 years of Roman autocrats, the modern calender, and the greatest warrior-statesman. He conquered the Roman Republic piece by piece and gave his adopted son the perfect model.
Ave Caesar, divino e immortale, la tua gloria vivrà per sempre
This is all very impressive, but I'm sure the highlight of Caesar's career is the cameo role he occasionally gets to play in Asterix and Obelix's adventures! (I don't even know if they are known in the USA). Joking aside, thx for another informative vid about Rome sweet Rome.
You’re very welcome!
(In the US, unfortunately, the Asterix comics tend to be restricted to high school French classrooms.)
@@toldinstone Comic fans know about them, not sure how much beyond that
I know about them in the UK but I don’t know about in the US
American here. I got those comics as a kid, loved to read them!
We read ALL of them up in Canada, they were hugely popular along with Tintin. You could even buy them at the local bookstore in Nelson BC which was a town of only 9,000. Opposite side of the country from Quebec as well, so the french language wasn't really a factor in their availability.
Wonder what path Rome would’ve gone down had Caesar never been assassinated and lived to his mid-90s. I think the Republic would’ve probably still fallen after him.
The Republic was dead by the time he became dictator. Looking back he did undertake a number of reforms that benefited the common Roman, but he was still basically a tyrant.
I loved the first season of Rome so much, I’ve watched once a year since it was released. I can’t believe it wasn’t popular back in 2007 when it was released.
Season one, in particular, was wonderful. It's a shame that they lost their funding.
Probably came too early. I feel like today it would be a surefire hit.
HE WAS A CONSUL OF ROME!!!
So glad I discovered this channel recently. One of my favorites, always looking forward to new uploads
Very glad to hear it!
Same, just discovered today. Great videos!
I find it rather amusing to think of 'antiques' brought to 'ancient' Rome for aesthetic Purposes.
Americans think anything pre 1900 is remarkable..
@@ironmantooltime it's interesting to a lot of people yes. That was no secret
Even two thousand years ago people had jobs, got stressed out, farted, laughed, took holidays, had trouble with the in-laws, got horny, ... Even two thousand years before that. And two thousand years before that.
@@ironmantooltime aw is someone mad that he doesn't live in a place with a first amendment?
@@viktordickinson7844 no, because i wont get shot (i don't know anyone who's been shot or held up with a gun), and common or even exotic healthcare will never bankrupt me. Oh, and i can also drink the tap water in my house and my government wasn't almost recently overthrown by a two bit gangster.... That happened in 2016 when they voted for brexit. So yea, keep your amendments. But you might need another to stop fox news bringing down your government.
One of the best channels I have come across for great Ancient Rome content. Thanks man, cheers from Australia :)
in the words of Perry White, “Great Caesar’s ghost!”
😂
I was so inspired by your videos that I have started to read Gibbon's "The Decline and Fall of of the Roman Empire"
Love all your videos! I just binge watched them one after the other; I couldn’t help it. Keep it up, please!
Glad to hear it! Stay tuned...
I don't care what historians say Caesar was the first emperor, he had the same powers, he had the political power, shiny chair and every honourific they could throw at him.
Augustus was only Augustus because he inherited his money and position from Caesar.
So glad the algorithm recommended your channel
Same
Real. Original. Content. I love these videos. Thank you for making these.
You’re very welcome!
Great video man. Hope you make more content like this.
Brilliant, Garrett (as always!). Thanks!!! (And greetings from Florence.)
Absolutely fascinating both in terms of the commentary and also the illustrations. Subscribed
I’m delighted to hear it. Welcome aboard!
Usually I like to watch most of the video before leaving a like, but for this channel I like the video before the ad is done loading.
I never miss a new video. Thanks.
You’re very welcome
such a relaxing and an informative video...
Bruh your content is amazing , I’m pre ordering your book 🍺💪
Great channel, glad I found it.
I didn’t know I was interested in history until I found your channel.
been watching for months and just subbed today these videos are great
What a way to come home from work. Thanks for another great vid!
You are very welcome!
Appreciate these videos.
Glad to hear it
Most educational and entertaining channel l have encountered!
Thank you for this channel you are a good story teller
Quality! Keep up the good work.
Thanks!
Great visuals and detailed information. Glad I found your channel, I'll be waiting for new videos 😊
I’m very glad you enjoyed the video! Stay tuned...
@@toldinstone Will do!
I love your videos, your style of speaking is so engrossing
I’m delighted to hear that
A fascinating story, beautifully told - expert knowledge and expert storytelling go hand in hand. Thank you for continuing to share!
That’s very kind of you to say. You’re very welcome!
Great show, bravo to you! Thanks so much!
Awesome info man !
Congrats on 100k subs!!!
Poor Caesar, always confused with Augustus.
Only to people 2000 years later…… no one during the time of Rome or until like 1900 when people stopped reading history did people get them mixed up.
Wait what? I feel very stupid… please elaborate.
Wow I absolutely adore your content only spreading through facts and this channel is so humble I love it keep it up
Thank you!
@@toldinstone btw are they're any mosaics of lions and tigers fighting?? Ive looked but never seen any? And I'm not sure if i added this to my previous question for you video but I'd like to know which animal was particularly the most dominant in the beast vs beast battles
Thank you very much.. Very nicely done appreciate the hard work.. & info
You’re very welcome
Great video, thanks 🙏
You’re very welcome
This channel rocks!!!
Great show. THANK YOU.
You’re very welcome
That was pretty awesome. Great pics
Glad to hear it!
Thank you for the video.
My pleasure
Nice! Thank for the reference to British pearls....that another commenter brought up on another video!
Thank you!
I have long wondered how the fairly educated Roman at the time of Augustus viewed what we call history. I mean, did they have a sense of hundreds of years going back marked with concrete events? Did they have any knowledge of the Bronze Age or was it all a kind of quasi-religious haziness past the time of the kings of Latium? What did someone like Pliny think of when he thought of 'the past'? I'd love to hear your view of this.
For sure they had an idea of their history since the foundation of the city, they were counting the years from there. So by the time of Augustus it was already some centuries. Then they knew well some past (!) figures like Alexander, or Hannibal, or the Scipii. In their writings there are often reminders to their actual past, then the far it goes the bigger becomes the presence of myth.
@@unomeacaso Exactly. I was just curious to hear from Dr. G if some went beyond myth. But thanks!
The Roman view of history was inseparable from what we would call myth. We know what educated Romans in age of Augustus were supposed to think about their origins - Livy’s history and Virgil’s Aeneid tell us that much. And despite the very different names of Libby and Virgil, it’s clear that both authors imagined the origins of Rome to lie about 1000 years in the past. They were heavily indebted both to an older annalistic tradition and to Greek historiography. Both provided them with well-developed chronologies. The annalist Historians had already converged on 753 BC as the date of Romas foundation, and the Greek assumption that the Trojan war took place around 1200 BC was generally accepted. Neither the Greeks nor the Romans actually knew much about what happened during the Bronze Age, but they thought they had a very good idea.
@@toldinstone Thanks! That's more or less how I imagined it. And now we know so much more and it seems that in the last ten years our knowledge of human history has plunged even further into the past thanks to DNA analysis. I often wondered if, without a sense of 'deep time', and with only a skimpy idea of the rise and fall of human civilisations, whether that's why the Romans were so immensely self-assured as a result. I suppose that must have been so, but then again, they were superstitious to a degree that suggests to me at least, uncertainty about much in life. I have read a lot about the Aztecs, as I lived in Mexico, and it always impressed me how little sense of history they had - not at all sure of where they came from, aware that great civilisations existed before them, like Teotihuacan or Tollan, but unable to explain why they were just ruins. And absolute convinced that all life was temporary at best. In a certain sense, these rapacious expansionist empires have a common theme. A mixture of ignorance with nihilism tempered by the absolute sense of doing the right thing, for the ashes of their fathers and the temples of their gods, to paraphrase Macauley.
Great video thanks
Good stuff!
Thanks!
Ain’t nothin’ better than a daily dose of Rome!
Great Video. Interesting time in history.
Glad you enjoyed it!
Even today, the most beautiful and impressive of our buildings echo with elements inspired by the grandeur and elegance evident here.
In those ancient days it was acceptable for leaders to claim publicly divine or semi divine status.Alexander the Great famously claimed god like status.Napoleon I lamented he could not do so cause the irreverent French would mock him without mercy.
Cesar definitely had at least one eye on Alexander’s example
The Japanese Emperors managed it up until the 1940's!... even if, for a good couple of hundred years, they were actually fairly powerless figureheads.
@@worldcomicsreview354 I heard the notion that the Japanese Emperor renounced his divine status/descent is actually a misinterpretation of what happened in the surrender agreement.
Very interesting. Thanks
Still can’t believe he’s gone. Avē Imperator💔
Some years ago, I had dinner with a fellow American traveler on the roof of a hostel not far from the Colosseum. He complained to me that the stone used to build the Colosseum was very hard. He had tried to chip a souvenir from the stone walls of the Colosseum, but had hurt his hand in the process, and he showed me his bandaged hand as evidence. Guess he didn't know that the stone used to build the Colosseum tells a story.. but only when it is part of the building.. and the history of the Rome is an important story that everyone should have the opportunity to hear.
You included star of a hit HBO series but left out dastardly villain of the final season of the hit Starz series? May the gods have mercy on you.
Good stuff
You’ve got the same voice as Beige Frequency and it messed me up while I was trying to figure it out lmao
That being said if this is Beige Frequency’s alt history channel then I am all in.
Do you think Caesar had someone ask Tribune Aquilla if it was okay to build the new forum?
Incredible!
Thanks!
How about a longer episode:)
When I get back from my camping trip, stay tuned!
,,,here from land o' lakes,wi...tnx,for your insite on this subject,,,,every well done,,,like a college class..A-PLUS.
I would love to try illustrating the unbuilt temples and theatres
👍👍👍As always!
As always, much appreciated!
Conquer of Gaul ❌
Dictator of Rome ❌
Lover of Cleopatra ❌
Star of a hit HBO series 😃👍
i love your content but always chuckle at the way you pronounce War Elephants as "Whorlefants"...almost had to look it up the first time i heard it lol
what does the senate house still standing 6:16, look like from inside? Thank you.
It isn’t very impressive on the inside, Since the decoration is long gone. All that remains are the three low steps on which senators set their chairs and the elaborate marble floor.
@@toldinstone If walls could talk...
This has a very eerie reflection on todays society... You are popular however you are not liked by the powers that be... When we die we enter eternal oblivion. At that moment hopefully you go to sleep with a happy thought.
Hopefully
Let’s be honest here… the Gauls weren’t going to do anything good with that silver, anyway.
Veni, vidi, vici.
Veni vidi vici
Didn't the massive temple to Mars idea succeed Julius Caesar? After the civil wars, Augustus built the temple of Mars Ultor, which, based on the name, had a lot to do with his defeating Caesar's assassins. I imagine that "I'm gonna do Caesar's idea" had at least a little to do with that decision, though I can imagine "I am an agent of an avenging war god" probably had more to do with it.
How were those huge awnings manufactured? It must have taken a huge facility.
Please do one on the place’s told about in the bible
Your narration pace is excellent here. Before you would speed ahead at fairly predictable moments and skip syllables. Problem solved I think! Well done for listening to your audience. WONDERFUL content !
Thank you! I’ve been working on my pacing.
the 'star' of hbo's 'rome' was unquestionably attia of the julii
He was a business man. War was his business.
Thank you for so much information I didn't know before.
100 mio. sesterties? That would be like 1-200.000 lower class yearly wages, an insane amount of money. Just for the land.
Yes, yes Caesar...the salad, the palace in Vegas and, had he lived, perhaps the first client of hair club for men. Nuh uh on that last one unless he'd lived a very long time. Honestly, the scope of this man's influence has often stunned me. Imagine the guy coming home happy to have been made, say, Drug Czar only to see his wife in tears because it's now...middle of March. It's seriously hard to get a sense of this man. And this video adds to my head shaking bewilderment when I consider every major leader of my lifetime.
Amazing video. Knew most of this info already but you have a great way of showing it to me in a new light.
Gosh, I wonder how much one of those CAESAR coins go for on the numismatic market these days. Would murder to have even one.
Thank you! Those coins are priced beyond the reach of mere mortals.
On the Antiques Roadshow once, somebody bought a pot her husband had found while digging a sewer, thinking it might have been from the early industrial revolution. Actually it was Roman, and if pots are down there, coins might be too!
occasionally you find British Caesar coins on Antiques markets in London for surprisingly cheap... these are usually of fairly worn quality and without proper papers as to their origin though.... look real, so probably some not so scrupulous metal detectorists at work.
Seeing what the Romans can do with buildings...why are their coins so awkward and ugly? Please do more shows on statues and relief carvings. Are there unseen rooms/tombs in Hadrian's Tomb on the Tiber?
Some Roman coins are (at least in my humble opinion) among the most beautiful ever made. Though obviously less detailed than modern coins, the portraits on their obverses are often quite fine. The designs on their reverses, however, are often rather stylized.
As far as we know, there are no hidden chambers in Hadrian’s tomb. The building has been used so long and so intensively that every nook and cranny has been explored.
@@toldinstone That Elephant relief was pretty bad on one of the coins.
No precision steam / electric-driven machines for accurate cutting and stamping. Also art was not too well developed until the renaissance. They just didn't "get" perspective, for instance. So much otherwise-fine ancient art is really flat-looking, just figures all the same size.
@@worldcomicsreview354 "
“Star of a hit HBO series”
>2 seasons
:(
"No, I assure you, that is no threat: Snows always melt."
40 elephants to light the forum?
Seems to me Rome's affinity for Elephants is well overlooked considering it was an imported animal...
Hail Caesar!
"Conqueror of Gaul". Except for one tiny village, of course.
3.5 million pounds of silver? That's like 1% of all the silver that's existed.
7:24 war elephant has big bird legs.
You forgot to mention Caesar building a palace in Nevada
You mean the place that insults Ivlivs at every turn?
Made one hell of a dressing
😎
“He was a consul of time!!”
A funny thing happened on the way to the Ides of March.
Why was Caesar assisinated?
Many reasons. Mostly his enemies fears he wanted to become king. They probably had good reasons for this
I'm from the future, and in the future there will be a back Cleopatra and possibly a black Cesar in on the way.
At 0:01 the being with the awesome mustache on the white horse is me. This is my matrix. And i want my wealth and power back. Not a single word of a lie. That is me. One of separate paintings and photos of me that keep popping up. This current loop sucks. End it.
Nobody rich today is like, well its expensive but it will still be used in 2,000 years.
Forza Caesar
Mary Beard who??
:)
Julius Caesar dug his own grave by making the aristocracy & his political rivals jealous of his achievements & accomplishments in the name of Rome. He bragged about it through lavish celebration & expensive public works. When the conspirators shanked him, it was to make the point “you, yourself can’t be greater than Rome & hog all the glory.” Funny thing is, the Roman Empire grew & became powerful because of his leadership, especially in war. It’s always tragic when historical figures survive bloody wars only to come home to be assassinated by their own people whom they fought for. History has not changed in this regard. In the end, J.C. won because his memory & accomplishments live on. Sadly, it’s 44 b.c., the Ides of March, that most people remember about him.
Why are you supporting Caesar? The public works were funded by the riches from his conquest. Meaning if he really wanted to continue his generosity, he would need to constantly invade surrounding lands. His source of income was not sustainable. (unlike Crassus with his mines)
Caesar was dam close to crowning himself king. With a nice golden chair in the Senate and wearing triumphal clothing on festival dates. Placing a statue of himself in front of the man who made Rome a republic. People will honor George Washington more than Caesar has Washington shared and gave up power.
It’s always tragic when avaricious and egotistical people amass impossible wealth and power all for the sake of domination and dictation of every aspect of society in the lands unfortunate enough to see their rise and inevitable fall. Human egotism and pedantry, ironically, is what eventually ends their reign as aspirants and imitators plot and scheme for usurpation of the bloodied, gilded throne. Even still to this day we give these detestable sycophants more praise in death than they ever earned in life. Incredible video, though. Wish I could know more about Caesar’s personality.
You are all judging a man who did not have the chance to fully complete his work. Your jealousy is rife, as well (minus OP).