Hey slight mistake at 5.21 it should say: Electromagnetic: Photons Strong Force: Gluons Weak Force: Z and W Bosons All of which are types of boson, hope this helps Source. I have a masters in particle physics
Cockroach girl do you want him to google the model for you? Or do you want him to teach you years of calculus and introduce you to a series of multi-hundred page data sheets for your perusal?
Ok Joe. So here it goes: A theory was needed to model all the interactions for subatomic particles. The two competing theories were Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD) and String Theory (the first draft let's call it). *BUT* when compared with the measurements in the experiments, the predictions of String Theory produced huge errors, so it was discarded (as you do with a theory that doesn't agree with experiment) and QCD prevailed.The thing is, in the math of String Theory they realized that some of the expressions could be used to build a quantized model of gravity (!) So it was taken out from the trash can and refurbished. *BUT* in the equations there appeared particles that traveled faster than light (which no one has ever seen or measured and clashes with fundamental observed principles). So they started shuffling the math and realized that if you postulate that somehow there are several more dimensions in this world (that no one has never seen or measured and clashes with fundamental observed principles) then the superluminal particles don't appear. *BUT* now there was the problem that in the math there appeared "phantom particles", some sort of particles with negative energy (that no one has never seen or measured and clashes with fundamental observed principles). So they re-shuffled the math and realized that if you vary again the number of dimensions that problem is solved but there appears a whole new kind of particles that are symmetric (or supersymmetric if you will) to the ones we already know and have measured. Those supersymmetric particles to this day no one has never seen or measured, that was one of the hopes of the LHC, but so far nothing. Several "types" of String Theory appeared according to how you consider the math and the postulates. And M-Theory is a hypothetical theory still yet to be found that is considered to underlie all these types. Then... they found a ground shattering gem: That the math that models this quantum strings (albeit shuffled in a very weird way and managed with very weird conditions) is "word for word" in correspondence with the math that models gravity (albeit in a very weird form in a very weird mathematical space, but yeah, let's call it gravity). This mathematical duality between Quantum Field Theories and "Gravity" is a true beauty of Mathematics... however when you dig a little bit, you realize that this duality can be spared completely of the concept of strings (but they helped to find it anyway). String Theory at its core sits on an equation that consists of an infinite sum of mathematical terms, some of those terms correspond to quantum field theories, some of those terms look like gravity as well (a weird one), that's why it's so exciting to possibly consider it the Theory of Everything finally, but given that it *IS* an infinite series, well, you could find anything in there: maybe at some point in the series you find a term that models pink flying elephants. But as usual with any mathematical theory you have to compare it with the experiment. Well here's where it becomes the emperor's new theory, there's no way to design experiments that prove the theory true or false. So a theory that can potentially explain INFINITELY EVERYTHING but that can prove nothing, well... it's useless for the physical sciences. The thing is, Joe, that we have had some of the brightest minds in existence today (Witten, Maldacena, etc. among thousands of others) working on it for around 40 years and nothing of physical substance has come out of it, great amounts of hugely impressive and beautiful Math yes, but sadly no Physics so far.
My favourite analogy for what string theory tries to do (linking physics of very small with physics of very big) is imagine the universe is a blanket. Each thread (string/physics of the very small) vibrates in its own way, but you weave all those threads together and the blanket moves in a totally different way (physics of the very big). You can imagine a single thread wiggling away in a blanket, and then seeing how the whole blanket moves at the same time. Really is such a great way to not melt your brain.
Hey Joe, I think this is your best video so far. Aside from the great content, the editing, summarizing along the way, and all the clips/puns/sketches were spot on! keep up like this!
Agree, this was a really sharp piece of work, on a most difficult subject. Kudos to the scientific consultants and to Joe for paying attention to them.
watching this feels like a uni classes worth of few semesters compressed into a 20 mins video, that was so much my brain literally feels like it's melting, good job on making this topic easier to understand!
Imagine being the poor programmer who's constantly having to patch the simulation cause the damn functions keep trying to divide your zeros to find out what they're made of.
"Let me give you all a stroke" "I had a stroke in college when I proved Special Relativity is Wrong" 30 years later ==> String Theory Will Always Be Tangled as Will Relativity. Here is why: The Bożeon. The Paper Titled "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" will begin to make Everything Right to be published in the next year or two (sad face). Pending inclusion of experimental works of about ~20 other Physicists who have proved on their own through various papers that Bożeon Flows explain all aspects of Nature. They use PC words like "quantum superfluid" and "Dark Energy" but they are Bożeon Flows. The "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" is the result of decades of "thought experiments" about the Nature of Everything. Essentially the goal was to explain All of Nature starting with a basic TENET (Nolan Rocks) and Rebuild the Laws of Nature starting with "First Principles" (Musk Rocks) to explain what we know as the Laws of Physics. In the end, Our Understanding of Nature Changes Everything! I will give you a glimpse into some of the basic tenets and the current conclusion. Proof and Rationale for the Conclusion will have to wait! QUESTION: What is the Fabric of the Universe and how does it explain the Principles of Nature? FINAL ANSWER: There is only one "field" (more like surface-less ocean) and only one "God Particle" (The Bożeon) ("God Particle" in Polish after the Polish-American Physicist who proposed the Bożeon) that flow within the "ocean" or "field", your choice. All other known "fields" and particles are made up of flows of Bożeons within this “Ocean”. You are made of it (Matter), and you are floating in it (Absolute Vacuum Space filled with Bożeons). BASIC TENETS: [1] ALL FORCES ARE LOCAL (all forces are caused by local collisions). [2] SPACE IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend space, you can only bend things within a space). [3] TIME IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend time, you can only bend things within a time). [4] YOU CANNOT BEND OR WARP SPACE OR TIME UNLESS YOU ARE "DR. STRANGE" OR "DR. WHO". [0] THERE ARE MORE, BUT THAT'S ENOUGH FOR NOW, DON'T YOU THINK! Obviously this means "RELATIVITY IS BUNK", but that proof, although well known now, will not be public till the paper is released. So Bożeons, what are they? Space is a complete empty vacuum filled with Bożeons. A Small Particle whose shape is unknown but speculated to be one of a suggested class of elongated tetrahedrons on the order of the Planck Length wide size wise. The Bożeon's geometric shape similar to the Helium-4 nucleus (but elongated and off center moment of inertia to explain "electric field polarization" - Bożeon Orientation). "Magnetic fields" are simply Bożeon Flows. Flows out of North into South on a Magnet. Photons are Bożeon flows that follow the Bose-Einstein Photon Momentum Wave Equation. One Central forward flowing vortex of Bożeon Flow and 4 Vortex Back Flows of Bożeons. And several smaller outer Flows. A Photon is λ Thick and 2 λ Wide. The internal structure of a Photon is made up of Bożeon Flows that satisfy both the Bose-Einstein Momentum Wave Function AND the Boson Wave Function. The volume of the Photon is directly proportional to it's wavelength. Yes Photons have a specific volume (im lookin at the Photon Volume function now folks). Photons ARE NOT singularities that experience no space or time! Period! Singularities Violate the BASIC TENETS OF NATURE! Electrons are similar to Photons in that they are Bożeon Flows but the summed momentum of all Bożeon flows do not allow it to travel at the speed of light. My favorite part about Bożeon Flows is it exactly explains gravity without magic. It explains Vacuum Energy (Zero Energy) is just Bożeons in a space with a density gradient toward the source, usually matter, which is also made of Bożeons. Coalescence. The collisions of the Bożeon Flow in Matter with the Polarized Bożeon Gradient in the "Vacuum" causes a net force in the direction of greater Bożeon density. THIS IS GRAVITY! A local collision of Bożeons in Free Space transferring momentum to other Bożeons in the Matter causing a net force and acceleration toward the greater Bożeon density. (Bożeon Collisions Are 100% elastic, no losses, conservation of energy). "Gravity" should be called "Coalescence" from now on! There are about ~20 physicists I have found that have the mathematical pieces of the puzzle ... and I plan to publish the paper in the next 2 years proving that ~~billions of Bożeons make up Photons and Electrons and All Particles and they Fill The Vacuum of Space (you guys call it Dark Energy). By end of next year not only will we show how Photon Bożeon Flows keep a Photon in motion but also why all the classical experiments like the single and double slit experiment are explained. Diffraction is caused by the momentum in the Particles Bożeon Flows being altered by the Bożeons in the side of the slit wall Matter as it impacts it. The change in the momentum of the Bożeon Flow within the Photon causes the change in direction and perfectly explains (math) the diffraction pattern to a 'T'. Einstein's Photon Clock Is a Lie. No one has ever explained a Photon Clock Correctly. Soon You Will See How Photon Clocks Actually Work (or Don't). No Warped Space Time. (Sorry Matt O'Dowd)(Matt O'Dowd Rocks Most), U 2 Joe! Join the other BRAVE Physicists and Unify All Theories Now: BRAVE - Bożeon Research and Æther Verification Eταιρεία. Copyright 2020 John E. Boze (Son of the Rocket Man who launched 8 Men to the Moon and 9 Guys to Skylab, Dad did not launch Apollo 13, 14, or 15), So no problems Houston!
Good job Joe!! String theory is at the top of the food chain when it comes to physics, and you covered it very well. I was suprised how well in fact. I watched a course by a professor on String theory some time ago, and your presentation looked mature, fun, to the point, almost like being explained this theory by a friend in a night out with friends. It goes to show you're not a begginer at this job, you have experience. A+
This is one of my favorite videos on the internet. I’ve watching it four or five times and come back to it every few months. Right now I’m back cause I’m taking this class called Harmonia, in which we’re going through the physics and math behind music, so naturally string theory was brought up, so I came back to remind myself what it is
"Just a heads up: We're gonna have a superconductor turned up full blast and pointed at you for the duration of this next test. I'll be honest, we're throwing science at the wall here to see what sticks. No idea what it'll do. Probably nothing. Best-case scenario, you might get some superpowers. Worst case, some tumors, which we'll cut out." -Cave Johnson Portal 2
My favorite thing about Joe is that he leaves his audience walking away with more questions than what he answered, but encourages how important that is
Joe, this video genuinely helped me with my understanding of the topic. It crystalized a lot if ideas about string theory I had heard over the years but was never able to fully grasp. Not that I'm an expert now, but, as a lay person, this video was helpful! So dont beat yourself up if you dont understand it 100%, you're still helping us out here who want to learn, as well.
Noting to say they both can't be correct. The programmers of our simulation, may have used string theory's multiple compactified dimensions, to design our universe. Also, the original universe may be string theory based.
@@relativeus That was the point, you really can't, but you also can't falsify string theory. The closest you could come for simulation theory would be to find a subset of the universe's physics that is extremely computationally expensive rather than appearing optimized for computation like most of quantum mechanics seems to be.
Joe: We can’t conceive of extra dimensional experience because we only know the dimensions we’ve experienced. Me: You’ve apparently never dropped acid, eh?
I swear acid will allow you to observe concepts that you have no possible way to verbalize. It's equally satisfying and infuriating understanding a "secret" you can't even begin to communicate.
@@blahtothemfblah4932 remember one time I seen how my brain processes sight 😅 it was like a frequently updating image of what I was seeing almost like when you win solitaire on old Microsoft PCs how the cards fall except it was contained to about a 70° fov with a rectangular image with the long side horizontally and was constantly changing with what I was looking at and if I focused I was able to isolate an image and study it for about 3-5 seconds after focusing on one. It was a trip to say the least and that whole episode lasted 15 minutes until I closed my eyes to reset my brain and opened them to everything in normal order 😂 I have a witness named Ben if you wanna ask him among other stuff..
I’m about to go to school for physics and particle physics is my favourite area to learn about, this video just made me so happy and made my day! Thanks so much:)
I would love to see Joe do a deep dive on Einsteins time at the patent office! His tenure there is often downplayed in his storied life but he had 24/7 access to all the latest patents in physics, mathematics, invention,etc, etc . It seems like it gave him an intellectual advantage.
Not 24/7 that implies he was spending 100%of his time at the office where it was in reality maybe 10 hours a day,that and he was a teenager still when he originally came up with special relativity, so while it may seem like he was getting an advantage,man was incredibly smart far before the patent office
In short, it just means that the universe doesn’t only get as small as protons and quarks. It gets smaller than that... tiny vibrating strings of energy. Too small to ever see. They vibrate in all sorts of different ways. Vibrating one way might create an electron. Vibrating another way might create a quark, etc. All the matter in the universe essentially comes from these super tiny vibrating strings. The math behind it also suggests that our universe might contain 11 dimensions instead of the 4 that we know. We know of 3 spatial dimensions (up/down, left/right, forward/backward) and 1 time dimension. String theory says there are 10 spatial dimensions and 1 time dimension. The extra 7 dimensions that we can’t see are super tiny as well. So tiny that the only thing that can interact with them in anyway are the vibrating strings
I've gotta say: I LOVE THIS CHANNEL! Not only because you bring people knowledge sometimes inaccessible "to the masses" (so to speak), but also because you do that through the most unique, life-changing, pleasant aspect of human existence called "humor". Through humor, you are able to "break the walls" of our defensiveness instincts and their attempts to hinder us from understanding and/or accepts new concepts, new information, "new everything" - this "defensiveness" is one of those tools inside our brains that makes us think, "Oh, this is too hard! I'll never get that!", just because the brain doesn't want to spend some invaluable calories (energy) with "things that are not intended to keep us alive". Anyway... too philosophical... but the point is that I mean it when I say you do an AMAZING job to everyone who stumbles across your channel and your content! And now... enough flattering! :) On the subject in question here, it is much, much easier to grasp when you have in mind - after digging really deep into it - some "older concepts" mainly from Eastern philosophy, or Eastern knowledge (no mattter how you want to call it). I'm not referring to those hippie-and-brought-to-the-public-by-The-Beatles stuff, but rather scriptures dealing extensively with almost scientific knowledge they wrote and unfortunately few of us have access to (I only came upon these writings because I studied Sanskrit and wasn't interested in mysticism and whatnot). In a nutshell, they say that the universe began with a sound particle, a frequency, if you like; and everything became visible/tangible (in other words, manifested itself) after this frequency was stirred up, causing "the first explosion" which made this "sound particle" expand and assume the form of "physical particles" called "Anu", or "atoms" (it is actually one of the most accurate translations for it, at least by the end of the 19th century, when the first Sanskrit-English Dictionary was published, and the beginning of the 20th century, when it was reviewed; "anu" indicates the smallest fraction of matter, so...). Afterwards, those "atoms" contracted and exploded over and over again, in a perpetual expansion/contraction movement - the "Creator's breathing", as they say - intertwined, permeated, and orchestrated by the primordial or original sound-particle/frequency. If you pay attention to the details, stripped of prejudice or judgment, and take into consideration the vocabulary and mindset they had at the time this was written (around 5000 years ago), you'll see that it pretty much describes the Big Bang Theory, String Theory, Quantum Mechanics, all in one. Of couse, maybe I couldn't make myself as understood as I wanted to, nor was capable of explaining how these concepts apply to the modern theories I just mentioned above (mostly because I tried to sum up thousands and thousands of old documents in a single paragraph), but I hope you get opened up to such new/old approaches and, at least, let yourself be bitten by the curiosity bug. Kind regards from Brazil!
Iuv luv luv Joe Scott so much of his content goes right over my head particularly the science but he doesn't talk down to the viewer, has a great sense of humor and I genuinely want to have a better understanding of what the topic is and that's right in my wheel house.
Ohhh yes!! I’ve been waiting for an M-theory video!!! I was obsessed with this stuff when I was like 19. There’s this video called “how to imagine 11 dimensions” that’s pretty interesting, and helps a bit. But yeah, great work as always, Joe. Your summarizations are spot on minus a few minor details. String theory will always impress me, and I can’t wait to hear the next big new theory! I still like to meditate and try to imagine higher dimensions :p
5:21, Joe mixed Glueons as force carriers of the Weak Force and Bosons for the Strong Force; is the other way around, "BUTT" I believe he was testing us ;)
Gluons "glue" the quarks in protons and neutrons together (strong nuclear), W and Z bosons create particle decay (weak nuclear). So no, he was correct.
My Dad was born in 1893, he had the first radio and the first car in the farming area he lived in. The radio and battery were the size of a dishwasher. He lived to see man not only flying through the air, but also flying to the moon. He was fascinated by the whole thing.
@13:40.... wouldn't that be a "Escher Theory" When in becomes out, out becomes in, top becomes bottom, bottom becomes top, left becomes right, right becomes left, etc.
"At least now we know what viruses are! We understand germ theory!" Someone hasn't been surfing RUclips, social media, or any other commentary sections... -.-
"The math works" is great. But it doesn't prove anything about the theory other than the fact that it's self-consistent. One can always invent a self-consistent mathematical system that doesn't contradict itself. It needs to make testable predictions and it needs to be falsifiable. if it is not -- with current technology -- then it needs to be considered an interesting story but nothing more.
Yup. We need to drop string theory. They have been adjusting the theory to fit the data for the last 40+ years. It has made no predictions and theres no evidence for these extra curled up dimensions.
But the problem is we currently don't have a testable theory of everything. Strong theory is one of a few candidates that hasn't been proven unreal yet. Whether it has a chance of being the true theory of everything or not, it is our best guess. So unless someone comes up with something better, there is a lot of value in studying string theory.
@@rickzegooene Yeah it definitely should stick around. One of the things that concerns me though is that there is an entire clique of theoretical physicists spending a lot of time and money on it. I feel like it would be nice if some of that human effort were put into a completely different approach.
I actually physically raised my hand on do I recall life before cellphones and internet ... and lost it on Careless Whisper taking me back to middle school anxiety 😂🤣
I never comment on RUclips, but I had to stop what I was doing to take the time to tell you Joe Scott, that Segway from Black plague, not knowing what cells are into string theory helping us relate to them about not understanding that we don't know what we don't know was amazing. Who wrote that deserves a raise. Good show old chap.
Would be interesting to hear what you think of the recent findings that seem to indicate that time doesn’t actually flow so much but instead unfolds like a chemical reaction, leading us more towards Bohr’s Copenhagen interpretation in that it seems that the Universe is fundamentally random, and the possibility that time is not actually reversible and therefore not predetermined. This hinges on the concepts of Intuitive Mathematics which tosses out the concept of infinite real numbers (i.e. numbers with fractional parts that approach infinite). In Intuitive Mathematics, numbers that have infinite fractions are not real, and instead they are represented by mathematical functions that will compute the next decimal place in their sequence ad infinitum. This is akin to how some functional programming languages like Haskell, modeled almost entirely from mathematics, handle infinite lists and the like. Essentially, the values that determine when and where reactions occur are not finite and set and are instead computed up to the point that a reaction may occur, and the stoppage of that computation lends itself to the randomness we see at the quantum level (due to rounding of those infinite fractional numbers). www.quantamagazine.org/does-time-really-flow-new-clues-come-from-a-century-old-approach-to-math-20200407/
I had no idea Intuitive Mathematics existed! I'll have to do some heavy reading into this since the perspective and interpretation you shared about maths from that field has for a long time been a perspective I've pondered as an alternative to traditional maths. This is very interesting! :)
Thanks Joe I just signed up for Curiosity Stream and as soon as I started perusing the content my first thought was... WHY DIDNT I SIGN UP A LONG TIME AGO!? the library is amazing and exactly what I love to watch, now I have my work day filled up and a lot of videos to watch, I am soooo excited for this new app I cannot even explain how much I love this stuff and so many different topics and videos! First choice is the living universe! Next is Brian’s Greene on quantum history! Happy 4th to all! 🇺🇸
This video is 3 years old but I'm compelled, still, to comment on your fortitude and perseverance in learning about this theory so well that you can teach it. Because, to be honest, I haven't had that fortitude,perseverance-nor the time. I've felt ignorant and guilty in knowing I have gap in a big area of science despite being a natural scientist. But no more! Thanks, Joe, as always.
I remember being a little kid in the 80s in love with astronomy - no smart phones, no internet, no exoplanets - hell, we didn't even know about dark energy and that the universe is expanding!
@@kosmique I am right now rolling a die while opening up excel to see if I can hit you on the head with a rolled up newspaper. Is your armor class a 10?
We knew the universe was expanding (since the 20's) we didn't know it was expanding at an ever increasing rate (gravity implies it should be slowing down).
I remember dialing rotary phones (look it up.) I remember when there were only 9 planets - one named after a cartoon dog. It's gone now. Bueller? OH YEAH!
I even remember when the instruments themselves belonged to the telephone company - and were wired directly into the wall. Remember seven digit dialing - with exchanges like 'Orchard' and 'Sunset'? Good times!
I learned how to bend the contacts on relays used in 100 year old - even then - Strowger switching telephone exchange systems. ( and clean the contacts, and put the cables in the road ).
Math: Dozens of math papers predicted the energy level where the Higgs particle would be found and they were all wrong. String theory: There are 10 to the 500 power possible solutions to all problems and all but 1 is wrong. Do ya feel lucky?
Just Remember the Higgs is the "Goddamned" Particle. Only one true family of "God Particles" that we know of: The Bożeon. The Paper Titled "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" will begin to make Everything Right to be published in the next year or two (sad face). Pending inclusion of experimental works of about ~20 other Physicists who have proved on their own through various papers that Bożeon Flows explain all aspects of Nature. They use PC words like "quantum superfluid" and "Dark Energy" but they are Bożeon Flows. The "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" is the result of decades of "thought experiments" about the Nature of Everything. Essentially the goal was to explain All of Nature starting with a basic TENET (Nolan Rocks) and Rebuild the Laws of Nature starting with "First Principles" (Musk Rocks) to explain what we know as the Laws of Physics. In the end, Our Understanding of Nature Changes Everything! I will give you a glimpse into some of the basic tenets and the current conclusion. Proof and Rationale for the Conclusion will have to wait! QUESTION: What is the Fabric of the Universe and how does it explain the Principles of Nature? FINAL ANSWER: There is only one "field" (more like surface-less ocean) and only one "God Particle" (The Bożeon) ("God Particle" in Polish after the Polish-American Physicist who proposed the Bożeon) that flow within the "ocean" or "field", your choice. All other known "fields" and particles are made up of flows of Bożeons within this “Ocean”. You are made of it (Matter), and you are floating in it (Absolute Vacuum Space filled with Bożeons). BASIC TENETS: [1] ALL FORCES ARE LOCAL (all forces are caused by local collisions). [2] SPACE IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend space, you can only bend things within a space). [3] TIME IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend time, you can only bend things within a time). [4] YOU CANNOT BEND OR WARP SPACE OR TIME UNLESS YOU ARE "DR. STRANGE" OR "DR. WHO". [0] THERE ARE MORE, BUT THAT'S ENOUGH FOR NOW, DON'T YOU THINK! Obviously this means "RELATIVITY IS BUNK", but that proof, although well known now, will not be public till the paper is released. So Bożeons, what are they? Space is a complete empty vacuum filled with Bożeons. A Small Particle whose shape is unknown but speculated to be one of a suggested class of elongated tetrahedrons on the order of the Planck Length wide size wise. The Bożeon's geometric shape similar to the Helium-4 nucleus (but elongated and off center moment of inertia to explain "electric field polarization" - Bożeon Orientation). "Magnetic fields" are simply Bożeon Flows. Flows out of North into South on a Magnet. Photons are Bożeon flows that follow the Bose-Einstein Photon Momentum Wave Equation. One Central forward flowing vortex of Bożeon Flow and 4 Vortex Back Flows of Bożeons. And several smaller outer Flows. A Photon is λ Thick and 2 λ Wide. The internal structure of a Photon is made up of Bożeon Flows that satisfy both the Bose-Einstein Momentum Wave Function AND the Boson Wave Function. The volume of the Photon is directly proportional to it's wavelength. Yes Photons have a specific volume (im lookin at the Photon Volume function now folks). Photons ARE NOT singularities that experience no space or time! Period! Singularities Violate the BASIC TENETS OF NATURE! Electrons are similar to Photons in that they are Bożeon Flows but the summed momentum of all Bożeon flows do not allow it to travel at the speed of light. My favorite part about Bożeon Flows is it exactly explains gravity without magic. It explains Vacuum Energy (Zero Energy) is just Bożeons in a space with a density gradient toward the source, usually matter, which is also made of Bożeons. Coalescence. The collisions of the Bożeon Flow in Matter with the Polarized Bożeon Gradient in the "Vacuum" causes a net force in the direction of greater Bożeon density. THIS IS GRAVITY! A local collision of Bożeons in Free Space transferring momentum to other Bożeons in the Matter causing a net force and acceleration toward the greater Bożeon density. (Bożeon Collisions Are 100% elastic, no losses, conservation of energy). "Gravity" should be called "Coalescence" from now on! There are about ~20 physicists I have found that have the mathematical pieces of the puzzle ... and I plan to publish the paper in the next 2 years proving that ~~billions of Bożeons make up Photons and Electrons and All Particles and they Fill The Vacuum of Space (you guys call it Dark Energy). By end of next year not only will we show how Photon Bożeon Flows keep a Photon in motion but also why all the classical experiments like the single and double slit experiment are explained. Diffraction is caused by the momentum in the Particles Bożeon Flows being altered by the Bożeons in the side of the slit wall Matter as it impacts it. The change in the momentum of the Bożeon Flow within the Photon causes the change in direction and perfectly explains (math) the diffraction pattern to a 'T'. Einstein's Photon Clock Is a Lie. No one has ever explained a Photon Clock Correctly. Soon You Will See How Photon Clocks Actually Work (or Don't). No Warped Space Time. (Sorry Matt O'Dowd)(Matt O'Dowd Rocks Most), U 2 Joe! Join the other BRAVE Physicists and Unify All Theories Now: BRAVE - Bożeon Research and Æther Verification Eταιρεία. Copyright 2020 John E. Boze (Son of the Rocket Man who launched 8 Men to the Moon and 9 Guys to Skylab, Dad did not launch Apollo 13, 14, or 15), So no problems Houston!
Dr. Michio Kaku explains(correct me if I'm wrong), strings (theory) vibrates like musical notes, he explains it in a way and it's so soothing to listen to. Could've wished his my physics professor long ago.
My best guess is that some decades from now, "String Theory" will be an embarrassment to the physics community - a big waste of time that also pushed some people to suggest that the whole testability thing in science is overrated and why can't we all have prizes for pretty ideas without any basis in reality?
From what my pea brain was capable to understand he basically reinvented math, only he's using hypergraphs instead of numbers and anything can be explained with it through a fancy cellular automaton.
"the math all works!"* *: if it turns out that we can find a specific geometry of a manifold that lives in those 11 dimensions that makes everything work. Also, we haven't found any evidence of supersymmetry yet, and we really expected to have found them by now....
And this is why i have a hard time "just believing" scientists. They want to be right more than they want to have the correct answer, and this is because its like any other field... competition.
@@curtainbummings9381 The whole point of science is you don't "just believe". You found your beliefs on a preponderance of evidence. Theories are constantly tested and challenged. The problem with the "I don't just believe scientists" crowd is that they aren't willing to believe scientists NO MATTER WHAT. They have preconceived notions that they WANT to believe, and then manifest conspiracy theories and cherry pick data to convince themselves what they already wanted to think was correct. Any physicist working in this field will tell you straight out that they aren't SURE of string theory because it currently is an unproven theory. It mathematically works but hasn't had sufficient verified evidence to consider it proven as reflecting our actual reality yet (and even then, what "proved" means in science isn't "this is absolutely unquestionably true" but rather "this theory has been challenged and tested and held up to all evidence thus far"). So I have no idea how string theory makes it hard for you to believe scientists. If you have a simpler theory than string theory that accounts for what we see in quantum physics, you will be a very famous person if you would enlighten the rest of us. You point out "competition" as the reason you don't trust scientists, but that demonstrates you don't understand science. It is the competition that is the REASON you can generally trust scientific consensus. Any scientist could make their career and gain fame by discovering that a generally confirmed theory is actually wrong. Scientists set out to study and try to disprove assumed knowledge constantly. When hundreds or thousands of scientists have hammered on a theory for decades and NOT been able to undermine it despite their best efforts, you are the one that is not on firm ground when you remain questioning it, and you better have some kick-ass proof to back up your "all the scientists are wrong" theories.
Oh, it's KNOWN for doing this. Hell, when it comes to Quantum Mechanics alone, the professors teaching it have to tell the students to "forget everything you know about the Physical world". But, once you've let your brain go to goo and then congeel back, it's a fun place to play (theoretically speaking, of course). Without it, we'd have no clue how to make semiconductors, ergo, we wouldn't have these fun boxes and would be forced to go out and play outside like some neandertals.
@@joescott I have the book a case for space, What read so far confirm what believe we are going Mars and beyond. I hope I'm around for the flight Mars at least and establishment of the first colony
@ You survived, good on you. I'm on long to recover. You can't let the bastard get you down. I'm am out there doing what I do best, promoting EV and Renewable Energy as well as building CLT passive house certified buiding in NSW.
Thanks a lot, Scott, for yet another very interesting and entertaining episode! I also took advantage of the CuriosityStream offer! Next I might as well even become a patreon...
Yeah they really blew that AND been wasting enough $$$ to solve almost all problems on looking for that garbage ever since. Shows why 'real science' ain't 'consensus' science. If they had just looked to see what's really out there, they'd have seen the rest.
Time before cellphones? Yes I remember it well, attempting to trick a payphone to give me free call time when I was low on even small change. Those were the days!
I remember reading about phreaking and black boxes and all that tech mischief in the Anarchist's Cookbook back in the 90's, it's probably one of the first things I downloaded, that and Nirvana midi files. Though it was OK to read the book back then, you wouldn't get arrested for terrorism like you would now.
More to the point, you did one of the most admirable jobs of collecting and blending the historical structures that we are inhabiting now and I am intrigued. Thank you.
I don't know what you mean by Mask Deniers. I believe there are masks. It's the way that they are used that I deny. The simple act of wearing a mask does not keep you and others safe. It's the immediate removal of said mask once it is contaminated with covid 19 that improves safety. It safer to have no mask on then it is to have a contaminated mask on. I never see anyone changing their masks. Those people are making matters worse.
@@skipbellon2755 I'd rather have the mask contaminated with Covid than my lungs... The fact the mask has Covid on it proves nothing other than it's working as it's intended to. Of course you need to wash/replace the mask after every use, which I agree is something that people aren't doing. But when used correctly, the masks do work.
@@KissMyFatAxe A virus will not stay on your mask... once there it easily moves onto your face. This made easier by the fact that you face collects moisture under the mask. Also, you bring your contaminated mask into stores where it can infect other people. People that you obviously care little about.
Just think, a kid, comes across your video and is intrigued enough to learn more about science. Kid then completes University and begins work at CERN. Kid then figures out faster than light travel and leads to the discovery of aliens. All, from a Joe Scott video.
Both of you would probably enjoy the old PBS series, "Connections". It's about how we go from A to B to Z. Here's Episode 1: ruclips.net/video/XetplHcM7aQ/видео.html
The E8 Theory is really good! It explains all of the elements we have found and a few we haven't found and it looks like the flower of life on paper so it seems to be pretty awesome to me if not probable.
I remember too. And i'm only 36. Until secondary school in post-USSR-new-republic no kid had seen one apart from Michael Douglas films on our new, colour, free-world TV's. What a let-down eventually... Now, there is still over 100 tribes in the world, where MOST of population don't have cordless anything, never mind the reception. All the addicts, remember this.
Joe, can you do a video about the Emergence Theory? It looks really promising to understand how the universe really works, and might help us create a theory of everything. Also it could explain why we might live in a simulation. Their maths and phisics are really great too. Check out their website, and their youtube channel: quantumgravityresearch.org/emergence-theory-overview ruclips.net/video/w0ztlIAYTCU/видео.html
Emergence theory is a real thing but this group is a scam, Klee Irwin, their leader, in particular is known for selling 'cleanse' products and vitamin scams
The point you make about people not understanding what the plague actually was and why people were dying from it is something that I never really thought about before. It must have been incredibly frightening for people back then, seeing their friends and family dying and not being able to do anything to help them.
@@enricocamarda9721 Not that we can readily detect I guess. Time is detectable via frame dragging, but I'm not sure how you'd detect frame dragging off of interferometers.
"...it's the best I can do without having a stroke." Stroke Theory.
no fap theory
Think that applies more to politics.
@@exasperatedHeh; probably.
@@senadkrekovqi2363 HAHAHAHA I had the same thought lol
Send in Ant-Man.
I’m just happy to be smart enough to realize that I’m clueless.
You're ahead of most people. They're not smart enough to realize how dumb they are.
@@overthehilldill3626 Then there are Flat Earthers.
@Caleb Kylo reported
-Socrat
So you have humility and have become Free. Mmm
Just wait until they start talking about Silly String Theory. That's when the party will really start.
As long as it doesn't degenerate into toilet roll tossing... otherwise, I'll have to go back to my old professor's house and 'loo roll' it!
Good one!
Lmao, god damn it I love you for that joke xD
Lmao! Bravo!
Omg I love it😂
Hey slight mistake at 5.21 it should say:
Electromagnetic: Photons
Strong Force: Gluons
Weak Force: Z and W Bosons
All of which are types of boson, hope this helps
Source. I have a masters in particle physics
Still, show me proof
Cockroach girl do you want him to google the model for you? Or do you want him to teach you years of calculus and introduce you to a series of multi-hundred page data sheets for your perusal?
Was checking for this very comment
@@linksfood the second option seems like a great time waster 😍 that, I want that 🎆
@@Asamitaka That's what I did. It's soul crushing. Fun, but soul crushing.
Ok Joe. So here it goes:
A theory was needed to model all the interactions for subatomic particles. The two competing theories were Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD) and String Theory (the first draft let's call it).
*BUT* when compared with the measurements in the experiments, the predictions of String Theory produced huge errors, so it was discarded (as you do with a theory that doesn't agree with experiment) and QCD prevailed.The thing is, in the math of String Theory they realized that some of the expressions could be used to build a quantized model of gravity (!) So it was taken out from the trash can and refurbished.
*BUT* in the equations there appeared particles that traveled faster than light (which no one has ever seen or measured and clashes with fundamental observed principles).
So they started shuffling the math and realized that if you postulate that somehow there are several more dimensions in this world (that no one has never seen or measured and clashes with fundamental observed principles) then the superluminal particles don't appear.
*BUT* now there was the problem that in the math there appeared "phantom particles", some sort of particles with negative energy (that no one has never seen or measured and clashes with fundamental observed principles).
So they re-shuffled the math and realized that if you vary again the number of dimensions that problem is solved but there appears a whole new kind of particles that are symmetric (or supersymmetric if you will) to the ones we already know and have measured. Those supersymmetric particles to this day no one has never seen or measured, that was one of the hopes of the LHC, but so far nothing.
Several "types" of String Theory appeared according to how you consider the math and the postulates. And M-Theory is a hypothetical theory still yet to be found that is considered to underlie all these types.
Then...
they found a ground shattering gem: That the math that models this quantum strings (albeit shuffled in a very weird way and managed with very weird conditions) is "word for word" in correspondence with the math that models gravity (albeit in a very weird form in a very weird mathematical space, but yeah, let's call it gravity). This mathematical duality between Quantum Field Theories and "Gravity" is a true beauty of Mathematics... however when you dig a little bit, you realize that this duality can be spared completely of the concept of strings (but they helped to find it anyway).
String Theory at its core sits on an equation that consists of an infinite sum of mathematical terms, some of those terms correspond to quantum field theories, some of those terms look like gravity as well (a weird one), that's why it's so exciting to possibly consider it the Theory of Everything finally, but given that it *IS* an infinite series, well, you could find anything in there: maybe at some point in the series you find a term that models pink flying elephants. But as usual with any mathematical theory you have to compare it with the experiment. Well here's where it becomes the emperor's new theory, there's no way to design experiments that prove the theory true or false. So a theory that can potentially explain INFINITELY EVERYTHING but that can prove nothing, well... it's useless for the physical sciences.
The thing is, Joe, that we have had some of the brightest minds in existence today (Witten, Maldacena, etc. among thousands of others) working on it for around 40 years and nothing of physical substance has come out of it, great amounts of hugely impressive and beautiful Math yes, but sadly no Physics so far.
you mean to say that it can be just like library of babel?
Preach it brother
Wow
So the string theory is a theory... got it, dick
Ok, I'll take two of those please
Can anyone make such complex videos in a simpler way than this guy! He rocks!
My favourite analogy for what string theory tries to do (linking physics of very small with physics of very big) is imagine the universe is a blanket. Each thread (string/physics of the very small) vibrates in its own way, but you weave all those threads together and the blanket moves in a totally different way (physics of the very big). You can imagine a single thread wiggling away in a blanket, and then seeing how the whole blanket moves at the same time. Really is such a great way to not melt your brain.
I really wish this made it easier, but now I'm confused by blankets.
I love 😘💕 how you put this.
Omg i love this!
Hey Joe, I think this is your best video so far. Aside from the great content, the editing, summarizing along the way, and all the clips/puns/sketches were spot on!
keep up like this!
Agree, this was a really sharp piece of work, on a most difficult subject. Kudos to the scientific consultants and to Joe for paying attention to them.
watching this feels like a uni classes worth of few semesters compressed into a 20 mins video, that was so much my brain literally feels like it's melting, good job on making this topic easier to understand!
It’s funny how so many people have tried to prove they are smarter than Einstein…so far no dice
Not only do I remember those dark old days of only having landlines, I got your Bueller reference. Thanks for making me feel old.
You feel old because you are. That’s kinda of the goal.
@@nmarrs8539 thanks bro
Scientists discovering string theory:
"I'm pickin up good vibrations..."
We're picking up good vibrations🎶🎵🥁🎸
"People will think you're cool"... I loved that.
"GOOD VIBRATIONS (Beach Boys) - Harp Twins, Camille and Kennerly"
Look it up.
You're welcome.
@@animistchannel2983 I thought everyone knew that, then I remembered... I'm old.
Oh
I love those Joe moments of awkward introspection ...
Imagine being the poor programmer who's constantly having to patch the simulation cause the damn functions keep trying to divide your zeros to find out what they're made of.
@@metanumia You could, whenever it gets out of control you just hit reset.
you CAN divide zeros.
you can't divide BY zero.
David Bentz Jr. your missing the point
You would infinitely try to make something from nothing...and epiphanies..You are insightful.
the question is: will we retain our XP after server maintenance?
"Best I can do without having a stroke."
Best one liner of 2020.
I've had strokes. And I have a PhD in physics. They don't really help in the long run.
I love having a good stroke. nothing quite like your own hand.
"Let me give you all a stroke" "I had a stroke in college when I proved Special Relativity is Wrong" 30 years later ==> String Theory Will Always Be Tangled as Will Relativity. Here is why: The Bożeon. The Paper Titled "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" will begin to make Everything Right to be published in the next year or two (sad face). Pending inclusion of experimental works of about ~20 other Physicists who have proved on their own through various papers that Bożeon Flows explain all aspects of Nature. They use PC words like "quantum superfluid" and "Dark Energy" but they are Bożeon Flows. The "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" is the result of decades of "thought experiments" about the Nature of Everything. Essentially the goal was to explain All of Nature starting with a basic TENET (Nolan Rocks) and Rebuild the Laws of Nature starting with "First Principles" (Musk Rocks) to explain what we know as the Laws of Physics. In the end, Our Understanding of Nature Changes Everything! I will give you a glimpse into some of the basic tenets and the current conclusion. Proof and Rationale for the Conclusion will have to wait! QUESTION: What is the Fabric of the Universe and how does it explain the Principles of Nature? FINAL ANSWER: There is only one "field" (more like surface-less ocean) and only one "God Particle" (The Bożeon) ("God Particle" in Polish after the Polish-American Physicist who proposed the Bożeon) that flow within the "ocean" or "field", your choice. All other known "fields" and particles are made up of flows of Bożeons within this “Ocean”. You are made of it (Matter), and you are floating in it (Absolute Vacuum Space filled with Bożeons). BASIC TENETS: [1] ALL FORCES ARE LOCAL (all forces are caused by local collisions). [2] SPACE IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend space, you can only bend things within a space). [3] TIME IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend time, you can only bend things within a time). [4] YOU CANNOT BEND OR WARP SPACE OR TIME UNLESS YOU ARE "DR. STRANGE" OR "DR. WHO". [0] THERE ARE MORE, BUT THAT'S ENOUGH FOR NOW, DON'T YOU THINK! Obviously this means "RELATIVITY IS BUNK", but that proof, although well known now, will not be public till the paper is released. So Bożeons, what are they? Space is a complete empty vacuum filled with Bożeons. A Small Particle whose shape is unknown but speculated to be one of a suggested class of elongated tetrahedrons on the order of the Planck Length wide size wise. The Bożeon's geometric shape similar to the Helium-4 nucleus (but elongated and off center moment of inertia to explain "electric field polarization" - Bożeon Orientation). "Magnetic fields" are simply Bożeon Flows. Flows out of North into South on a Magnet. Photons are Bożeon flows that follow the Bose-Einstein Photon Momentum Wave Equation. One Central forward flowing vortex of Bożeon Flow and 4 Vortex Back Flows of Bożeons. And several smaller outer Flows. A Photon is λ Thick and 2 λ Wide. The internal structure of a Photon is made up of Bożeon Flows that satisfy both the Bose-Einstein Momentum Wave Function AND the Boson Wave Function. The volume of the Photon is directly proportional to it's wavelength. Yes Photons have a specific volume (im lookin at the Photon Volume function now folks). Photons ARE NOT singularities that experience no space or time! Period! Singularities Violate the BASIC TENETS OF NATURE! Electrons are similar to Photons in that they are Bożeon Flows but the summed momentum of all Bożeon flows do not allow it to travel at the speed of light. My favorite part about Bożeon Flows is it exactly explains gravity without magic. It explains Vacuum Energy (Zero Energy) is just Bożeons in a space with a density gradient toward the source, usually matter, which is also made of Bożeons. Coalescence. The collisions of the Bożeon Flow in Matter with the Polarized Bożeon Gradient in the "Vacuum" causes a net force in the direction of greater Bożeon density. THIS IS GRAVITY! A local collision of Bożeons in Free Space transferring momentum to other Bożeons in the Matter causing a net force and acceleration toward the greater Bożeon density. (Bożeon Collisions Are 100% elastic, no losses, conservation of energy). "Gravity" should be called "Coalescence" from now on! There are about ~20 physicists I have found that have the mathematical pieces of the puzzle ... and I plan to publish the paper in the next 2 years proving that ~~billions of Bożeons make up Photons and Electrons and All Particles and they Fill The Vacuum of Space (you guys call it Dark Energy). By end of next year not only will we show how Photon Bożeon Flows keep a Photon in motion but also why all the classical experiments like the single and double slit experiment are explained. Diffraction is caused by the momentum in the Particles Bożeon Flows being altered by the Bożeons in the side of the slit wall Matter as it impacts it. The change in the momentum of the Bożeon Flow within the Photon causes the change in direction and perfectly explains (math) the diffraction pattern to a 'T'. Einstein's Photon Clock Is a Lie. No one has ever explained a Photon Clock Correctly. Soon You Will See How Photon Clocks Actually Work (or Don't). No Warped Space Time. (Sorry Matt O'Dowd)(Matt O'Dowd Rocks Most), U 2 Joe! Join the other BRAVE Physicists and Unify All Theories Now: BRAVE - Bożeon Research and Æther Verification Eταιρεία. Copyright 2020 John E. Boze
(Son of the Rocket Man who launched 8 Men to the Moon and 9 Guys to Skylab, Dad did not launch Apollo 13, 14, or 15), So no problems Houston!
I am going to use this one at work.
Ah
“There’s always a smaller fish” - Jinn Gon-Qui
I love this
Good job Joe!! String theory is at the top of the food chain when it comes to physics, and you covered it very well. I was suprised how well in fact. I watched a course by a professor on String theory some time ago, and your presentation looked mature, fun, to the point, almost like being explained this theory by a friend in a night out with friends. It goes to show you're not a begginer at this job, you have experience. A+
You explained string theory in a way that even I understand it now!! I think I'm ready to rewatch the PBS Space Time quantum physics episodes... na.
I will call an ambulance for ya!
@@jayfigg7981 thank you! Brain...melting...
@@diyeana Good now let it simmer on low for 20min, add a little salt, maybe some chives, and ya have a nice cranium stew!
@@jayfigg7981 lol add cayenne
Matt does a great job. But just as you, I don't get quantum physics.
This is one of my favorite videos on the internet. I’ve watching it four or five times and come back to it every few months. Right now I’m back cause I’m taking this class called Harmonia, in which we’re going through the physics and math behind music, so naturally string theory was brought up, so I came back to remind myself what it is
"Just a heads up: We're gonna have a superconductor turned up full blast and pointed at you for the duration of this next test. I'll be honest, we're throwing science at the wall here to see what sticks. No idea what it'll do. Probably nothing. Best-case scenario, you might get some superpowers. Worst case, some tumors, which we'll cut out."
-Cave Johnson
Portal 2
“The best I can do without having a stroke” -Joe 😂
My favorite thing about Joe is that he leaves his audience walking away with more questions than what he answered, but encourages how important that is
like adam sandler?
6:54 love the fact that you used that meme with Nazaré and the crazy math going in her head, made me love your channel even more.
"String Theory?" Knot for me, thanks!
Airwaves Ted it damaged my brain too🤪
Pull yourself together, man. Remember, keep it straight.
get out
Hey don't get so uptight! Things will unravel soon enough. 😁
Hey dude, don’t get so bent out of shape!
Your curiosity and charming delivery are one of the highlights of the broadcast week Joe.
My Brain “blue screened” 6 minutes in ... i woke up at the end , had to take an Tylenol. Great Vid Joe
The bane of all PS4 players!
No worries, I'm sure Joe doesn't really understand it either.
“But that’s just a theory. A String Theory!”
String hypothesis
MatPat would be proud!
You sir just made my morning
Gametheory, Film theory,TvTheory what other theory branch offs does matt have now?
Its not even a Theory. A theory can be controlled by fitting into reality. String Theory only tells us "Its so tiny, we will never be able to see"
Joe, this video genuinely helped me with my understanding of the topic. It crystalized a lot if ideas about string theory I had heard over the years but was never able to fully grasp. Not that I'm an expert now, but, as a lay person, this video was helpful! So dont beat yourself up if you dont understand it 100%, you're still helping us out here who want to learn, as well.
“There is a difference between you and me. We both looked into the abyss, but when it looked back at us, you blinked.”
- A real Batman quote
@Im this guy's Other account
Sounds like a dark knight quote, so... joker?
@Im this guy's Other account Owlman from Crises on Two Earths. Came from the ending fight quote.
@@albertan3841 , I am impressed, but I guess, not too surprised. You probably live next to Peter Parker in NYC...
I didn't know there is the real Batman.
@@zdenek3010 that was a surprise to me as well
So basically the “we live in a computer simulation” theory is actually simpler and more plausible than string theory.
With more testable hypotheses as well.
Noting to say they both can't be correct. The programmers of our simulation, may have used string theory's multiple compactified dimensions, to design our universe. Also, the original universe may be string theory based.
@@SolaAesir how does one go about testing simulation theory??
@@relativeus That was the point, you really can't, but you also can't falsify string theory. The closest you could come for simulation theory would be to find a subset of the universe's physics that is extremely computationally expensive rather than appearing optimized for computation like most of quantum mechanics seems to be.
They are not excludent.
Joe: We can’t conceive of extra dimensional experience because we only know the dimensions we’ve experienced.
Me: You’ve apparently never dropped acid, eh?
I swear acid will allow you to observe concepts that you have no possible way to verbalize. It's equally satisfying and infuriating understanding a "secret" you can't even begin to communicate.
And me:
@@blahtothemfblah4932 remember one time I seen how my brain processes sight 😅 it was like a frequently updating image of what I was seeing almost like when you win solitaire on old Microsoft PCs how the cards fall except it was contained to about a 70° fov with a rectangular image with the long side horizontally and was constantly changing with what I was looking at and if I focused I was able to isolate an image and study it for about 3-5 seconds after focusing on one. It was a trip to say the least and that whole episode lasted 15 minutes until I closed my eyes to reset my brain and opened them to everything in normal order 😂 I have a witness named Ben if you wanna ask him among other stuff..
And DMT will literally take you there. Acid is like a puppy opening it's eyes for the first time and DMT is like walking on the surface of the sun.
Hey Joe, what are the strings made out of? Asking for a friend.
They are made out of your friend's soul. Honest.
Cocaïne
Out of plastic... You can find several in my couch
String
wibbly wobbly timely whimy stuff
I’m about to go to school for physics and particle physics is my favourite area to learn about, this video just made me so happy and made my day! Thanks so much:)
nice! i went to school for physics and it was the best thing ive done, work hard and enjoy the journey!
Your manifold joke was top tier. I appreciate that you know when to ride a joke out an when to just “keep on blastin”.
Joe: who here remembers..
Me: Yes. Yes. Yes. And yes.
...Wot? [checks shoe] 7 and a half.
Phew! I was worried that I was the only one! Lol.
Wait.... your still here? Go home! Go... go on!
yep. old fart reporting in.
I would love to see Joe do a deep dive on Einsteins time at the patent office!
His tenure there is often downplayed in his storied life but he had 24/7 access to all the latest patents in physics, mathematics, invention,etc, etc .
It seems like it gave him an intellectual advantage.
That is a very good point!
you will be branded anti semitic
Not 24/7 that implies he was spending 100%of his time at the office where it was in reality maybe 10 hours a day,that and he was a teenager still when he originally came up with special relativity, so while it may seem like he was getting an advantage,man was incredibly smart far before the patent office
Love this channel. Joe reminds me of this cool algebra teacher I had back in high school. Down to earth and super informative.
died of laughter when you said "quarks" and showed a picture of Quark from DS9 lol.
Would've preferred Quark from Ratchet and Clank, but this works, too.
i am watching ds9 for a 10th time and my reaction is exactly the same as u :D
Here's hoping they name the next discovered fundamental particle a 'garak'.
Hoomans...
Ahh looking for this
Well, it's the best description of String Theory I've heard. Still don't understand it though.
In short, it just means that the universe doesn’t only get as small as protons and quarks. It gets smaller than that... tiny vibrating strings of energy. Too small to ever see. They vibrate in all sorts of different ways. Vibrating one way might create an electron. Vibrating another way might create a quark, etc. All the matter in the universe essentially comes from these super tiny vibrating strings. The math behind it also suggests that our universe might contain 11 dimensions instead of the 4 that we know. We know of 3 spatial dimensions (up/down, left/right, forward/backward) and 1 time dimension. String theory says there are 10 spatial dimensions and 1 time dimension. The extra 7 dimensions that we can’t see are super tiny as well. So tiny that the only thing that can interact with them in anyway are the vibrating strings
Sin Bad this was helpful! still hard to grasp but appreciated
Sinn Sage Glad to at least be of a little help lol
Sinn Sage And it confuses the hell out of me too
I've gotta say: I LOVE THIS CHANNEL! Not only because you bring people knowledge sometimes inaccessible "to the masses" (so to speak), but also because you do that through the most unique, life-changing, pleasant aspect of human existence called "humor". Through humor, you are able to "break the walls" of our defensiveness instincts and their attempts to hinder us from understanding and/or accepts new concepts, new information, "new everything" - this "defensiveness" is one of those tools inside our brains that makes us think, "Oh, this is too hard! I'll never get that!", just because the brain doesn't want to spend some invaluable calories (energy) with "things that are not intended to keep us alive". Anyway... too philosophical... but the point is that I mean it when I say you do an AMAZING job to everyone who stumbles across your channel and your content! And now... enough flattering! :)
On the subject in question here, it is much, much easier to grasp when you have in mind - after digging really deep into it - some "older concepts" mainly from Eastern philosophy, or Eastern knowledge (no mattter how you want to call it). I'm not referring to those hippie-and-brought-to-the-public-by-The-Beatles stuff, but rather scriptures dealing extensively with almost scientific knowledge they wrote and unfortunately few of us have access to (I only came upon these writings because I studied Sanskrit and wasn't interested in mysticism and whatnot).
In a nutshell, they say that the universe began with a sound particle, a frequency, if you like; and everything became visible/tangible (in other words, manifested itself) after this frequency was stirred up, causing "the first explosion" which made this "sound particle" expand and assume the form of "physical particles" called "Anu", or "atoms" (it is actually one of the most accurate translations for it, at least by the end of the 19th century, when the first Sanskrit-English Dictionary was published, and the beginning of the 20th century, when it was reviewed; "anu" indicates the smallest fraction of matter, so...). Afterwards, those "atoms" contracted and exploded over and over again, in a perpetual expansion/contraction movement - the "Creator's breathing", as they say - intertwined, permeated, and orchestrated by the primordial or original sound-particle/frequency. If you pay attention to the details, stripped of prejudice or judgment, and take into consideration the vocabulary and mindset they had at the time this was written (around 5000 years ago), you'll see that it pretty much describes the Big Bang Theory, String Theory, Quantum Mechanics, all in one.
Of couse, maybe I couldn't make myself as understood as I wanted to, nor was capable of explaining how these concepts apply to the modern theories I just mentioned above (mostly because I tried to sum up thousands and thousands of old documents in a single paragraph), but I hope you get opened up to such new/old approaches and, at least, let yourself be bitten by the curiosity bug.
Kind regards from Brazil!
Joe: today we will talk about string theory
My brain: Noooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
“The answer my friend is blowing in the interstellar wind...”
I've been rewatching some of Joe's videos lately and thinking to myself he is hands down the king of seagways on yt!
The pic of Quark made my day!
Yeah me too Joe, the plague doctors have a special place in my heart.
Iuv luv luv Joe Scott so much of his content goes right over my head particularly the science but he doesn't talk down to the viewer, has a great sense of humor and I genuinely want to have a better understanding of what the topic is and that's right in my wheel house.
Ohhh yes!! I’ve been waiting for an M-theory video!!! I was obsessed with this stuff when I was like 19. There’s this video called “how to imagine 11 dimensions” that’s pretty interesting, and helps a bit.
But yeah, great work as always, Joe. Your summarizations are spot on minus a few minor details. String theory will always impress me, and I can’t wait to hear the next big new theory!
I still like to meditate and try to imagine higher dimensions :p
Is that the black and white animated one? Loved that one
5:21, Joe mixed Glueons as force carriers of the Weak Force and Bosons for the Strong Force; is the other way around, "BUTT" I believe he was testing us ;)
Very true
Gluons "glue" the quarks in protons and neutrons together (strong nuclear), W and Z bosons create particle decay (weak nuclear). So no, he was correct.
He associated gluons with the weak force, so, no, he wasn't. But whatever, good video but nothing's perfect
My Dad was born in 1893, he had the first radio and the first car in the farming area he lived in.
The radio and battery were the size of a dishwasher.
He lived to see man not only flying through the air, but also flying to the moon.
He was fascinated by the whole thing.
If string theory is real, that means the creation myth in Tolkien's "Silmarillion" is scientifically more accurate than Genesis in the "Bible".
Genesis is accurate assuming the serpent is right. ruclips.net/video/A_a6RjR_AHY/видео.html
My god i thought I was the only one who thought this lol
@Heyward Shepherd Tom Bombadil
@Heyward Shepherd Me... I did.
@Heyward Shepherd yup good question, my boy 👏🏾👏🏾
1:36 who would like to watch joe play that guitar in a video
That was cool. I wished I could have gotten a screen shot of Joe holding his guitar !
@13:40.... wouldn't that be a "Escher Theory" When in becomes out, out becomes in, top becomes bottom, bottom becomes top, left becomes right, right becomes left, etc.
"Bueller, Bueller. Lol! I love that movie! And I kind of miss the days before cell phones...
I miss pagers 📟.
"At least now we know what viruses are! We understand germ theory!"
Someone hasn't been surfing RUclips, social media, or any other commentary sections...
-.-
For certain definitions of "we".
Such a truthful yet insanely depressing comment ☹️
Thank you Dr. Cooper!!! I have no clue what this episode was about, but like all of you videos I enjoyed it.
"The math works" is great. But it doesn't prove anything about the theory other than the fact that it's self-consistent. One can always invent a self-consistent mathematical system that doesn't contradict itself. It needs to make testable predictions and it needs to be falsifiable. if it is not -- with current technology -- then it needs to be considered an interesting story but nothing more.
Well said!
Yup. We need to drop string theory. They have been adjusting the theory to fit the data for the last 40+ years. It has made no predictions and theres no evidence for these extra curled up dimensions.
But the problem is we currently don't have a testable theory of everything. Strong theory is one of a few candidates that hasn't been proven unreal yet. Whether it has a chance of being the true theory of everything or not, it is our best guess. So unless someone comes up with something better, there is a lot of value in studying string theory.
@@rickzegooene There are an infinite number of theories that have not even been thought of or proposed yet that also haven't been proven unreal yet.
@@rickzegooene Yeah it definitely should stick around. One of the things that concerns me though is that there is an entire clique of theoretical physicists spending a lot of time and money on it. I feel like it would be nice if some of that human effort were put into a completely different approach.
I actually physically raised my hand on do I recall life before cellphones and internet ... and lost it on Careless Whisper taking me back to middle school anxiety 😂🤣
I never comment on RUclips, but I had to stop what I was doing to take the time to tell you Joe Scott, that Segway from Black plague, not knowing what cells are into string theory helping us relate to them about not understanding that we don't know what we don't know was amazing. Who wrote that deserves a raise. Good show old chap.
7:05 with Careless Whisper had me absolutely dying laughing
That was plain brilliant.
Would be interesting to hear what you think of the recent findings that seem to indicate that time doesn’t actually flow so much but instead unfolds like a chemical reaction, leading us more towards Bohr’s Copenhagen interpretation in that it seems that the Universe is fundamentally random, and the possibility that time is not actually reversible and therefore not predetermined.
This hinges on the concepts of Intuitive Mathematics which tosses out the concept of infinite real numbers (i.e. numbers with fractional parts that approach infinite). In Intuitive Mathematics, numbers that have infinite fractions are not real, and instead they are represented by mathematical functions that will compute the next decimal place in their sequence ad infinitum.
This is akin to how some functional programming languages like Haskell, modeled almost entirely from mathematics, handle infinite lists and the like.
Essentially, the values that determine when and where reactions occur are not finite and set and are instead computed up to the point that a reaction may occur, and the stoppage of that computation lends itself to the randomness we see at the quantum level (due to rounding of those infinite fractional numbers).
www.quantamagazine.org/does-time-really-flow-new-clues-come-from-a-century-old-approach-to-math-20200407/
I had no idea Intuitive Mathematics existed! I'll have to do some heavy reading into this since the perspective and interpretation you shared about maths from that field has for a long time been a perspective I've pondered as an alternative to traditional maths. This is very interesting! :)
Thanks Joe I just signed up for Curiosity Stream and as soon as I started perusing the content my first thought was... WHY DIDNT I SIGN UP A LONG TIME AGO!? the library is amazing and exactly what I love to watch, now I have my work day filled up and a lot of videos to watch, I am soooo excited for this new app I cannot even explain how much I love this stuff and so many different topics and videos! First choice is the living universe! Next is Brian’s Greene on quantum history! Happy 4th to all! 🇺🇸
Everything in reality is described by math, but not everything described by math is real.
Some of these jokes Joe makes sometimes make me feel like I'm weird for watching his videos at age 23.
Keep it up Joe!
The force is strong with this young one
Do you mean because xou are too young or too old?
@@trafalgard.waterlaw4261 too young for the pre 90's references!
@@TheKotaCan i dont get most of them either, i was two years to late to be a 90's baby
Don't worry, in 20 years you will be one of the guys who understands all the references made to something they called the RUclips.
This video is 3 years old but I'm compelled, still, to comment on your fortitude and perseverance in learning about this theory so well that you can teach it. Because, to be honest, I haven't had that fortitude,perseverance-nor the time. I've felt ignorant and guilty in knowing I have gap in a big area of science despite being a natural scientist. But no more! Thanks, Joe, as always.
I remember being a little kid in the 80s in love with astronomy - no smart phones, no internet, no exoplanets - hell, we didn't even know about dark energy and that the universe is expanding!
Yeah, same here. The most complicated thing I had to do was calculate THAC0s. I didn't even get my first computer until my senior year of high school.
@@kosmique I am right now rolling a die while opening up excel to see if I can hit you on the head with a rolled up newspaper. Is your armor class a 10?
When I was little the first Mars photos came back and we were all a bit shocked to see no evidence of Martians, just craters.
We knew the universe was expanding (since the 20's) we didn't know it was expanding at an ever increasing rate (gravity implies it should be slowing down).
I remember dialing rotary phones (look it up.) I remember when there were only 9 planets - one named after a cartoon dog. It's gone now. Bueller? OH YEAH!
I even remember when the instruments themselves belonged to the telephone company - and were wired directly into the wall. Remember seven digit dialing - with exchanges like 'Orchard' and 'Sunset'? Good times!
I remember having to go to the phone company office in town to pay my phone bill or dispute charges.
@@demongo2007 My Mum was an operator, and spent her day making manual connections between caller and receiver through exchanges.
I learned how to bend the contacts on relays used in 100 year old - even then - Strowger switching telephone exchange systems. ( and clean the contacts, and put the cables in the road ).
Pluto is the roman hades ( god of the underworld)
I got Curiosity Stream because of you.
It is awesome Thank You Joe.
Math: Dozens of math papers predicted the energy level where the Higgs particle would be found and they were all wrong. String theory: There are 10 to the 500 power possible solutions to all problems and all but 1 is wrong. Do ya feel lucky?
It was a range of ranges. They found there something and said "We found Higgs boson!". Is what they found acts like expected particle?
@@vladimirseven777 No. People had their own math models predicting the actual GeV from 114 to 129 and submitted them but none were right,
Just Remember the Higgs is the "Goddamned" Particle. Only one true family of "God Particles" that we know of: The Bożeon. The Paper Titled "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" will begin to make Everything Right to be published in the next year or two (sad face). Pending inclusion of experimental works of about ~20 other Physicists who have proved on their own through various papers that Bożeon Flows explain all aspects of Nature. They use PC words like "quantum superfluid" and "Dark Energy" but they are Bożeon Flows. The "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" is the result of decades of "thought experiments" about the Nature of Everything. Essentially the goal was to explain All of Nature starting with a basic TENET (Nolan Rocks) and Rebuild the Laws of Nature starting with "First Principles" (Musk Rocks) to explain what we know as the Laws of Physics. In the end, Our Understanding of Nature Changes Everything! I will give you a glimpse into some of the basic tenets and the current conclusion. Proof and Rationale for the Conclusion will have to wait! QUESTION: What is the Fabric of the Universe and how does it explain the Principles of Nature? FINAL ANSWER: There is only one "field" (more like surface-less ocean) and only one "God Particle" (The Bożeon) ("God Particle" in Polish after the Polish-American Physicist who proposed the Bożeon) that flow within the "ocean" or "field", your choice. All other known "fields" and particles are made up of flows of Bożeons within this “Ocean”. You are made of it (Matter), and you are floating in it (Absolute Vacuum Space filled with Bożeons). BASIC TENETS: [1] ALL FORCES ARE LOCAL (all forces are caused by local collisions). [2] SPACE IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend space, you can only bend things within a space). [3] TIME IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend time, you can only bend things within a time). [4] YOU CANNOT BEND OR WARP SPACE OR TIME UNLESS YOU ARE "DR. STRANGE" OR "DR. WHO". [0] THERE ARE MORE, BUT THAT'S ENOUGH FOR NOW, DON'T YOU THINK! Obviously this means "RELATIVITY IS BUNK", but that proof, although well known now, will not be public till the paper is released. So Bożeons, what are they? Space is a complete empty vacuum filled with Bożeons. A Small Particle whose shape is unknown but speculated to be one of a suggested class of elongated tetrahedrons on the order of the Planck Length wide size wise. The Bożeon's geometric shape similar to the Helium-4 nucleus (but elongated and off center moment of inertia to explain "electric field polarization" - Bożeon Orientation). "Magnetic fields" are simply Bożeon Flows. Flows out of North into South on a Magnet. Photons are Bożeon flows that follow the Bose-Einstein Photon Momentum Wave Equation. One Central forward flowing vortex of Bożeon Flow and 4 Vortex Back Flows of Bożeons. And several smaller outer Flows. A Photon is λ Thick and 2 λ Wide. The internal structure of a Photon is made up of Bożeon Flows that satisfy both the Bose-Einstein Momentum Wave Function AND the Boson Wave Function. The volume of the Photon is directly proportional to it's wavelength. Yes Photons have a specific volume (im lookin at the Photon Volume function now folks). Photons ARE NOT singularities that experience no space or time! Period! Singularities Violate the BASIC TENETS OF NATURE! Electrons are similar to Photons in that they are Bożeon Flows but the summed momentum of all Bożeon flows do not allow it to travel at the speed of light. My favorite part about Bożeon Flows is it exactly explains gravity without magic. It explains Vacuum Energy (Zero Energy) is just Bożeons in a space with a density gradient toward the source, usually matter, which is also made of Bożeons. Coalescence. The collisions of the Bożeon Flow in Matter with the Polarized Bożeon Gradient in the "Vacuum" causes a net force in the direction of greater Bożeon density. THIS IS GRAVITY! A local collision of Bożeons in Free Space transferring momentum to other Bożeons in the Matter causing a net force and acceleration toward the greater Bożeon density. (Bożeon Collisions Are 100% elastic, no losses, conservation of energy). "Gravity" should be called "Coalescence" from now on! There are about ~20 physicists I have found that have the mathematical pieces of the puzzle ... and I plan to publish the paper in the next 2 years proving that ~~billions of Bożeons make up Photons and Electrons and All Particles and they Fill The Vacuum of Space (you guys call it Dark Energy). By end of next year not only will we show how Photon Bożeon Flows keep a Photon in motion but also why all the classical experiments like the single and double slit experiment are explained. Diffraction is caused by the momentum in the Particles Bożeon Flows being altered by the Bożeons in the side of the slit wall Matter as it impacts it. The change in the momentum of the Bożeon Flow within the Photon causes the change in direction and perfectly explains (math) the diffraction pattern to a 'T'. Einstein's Photon Clock Is a Lie. No one has ever explained a Photon Clock Correctly. Soon You Will See How Photon Clocks Actually Work (or Don't). No Warped Space Time. (Sorry Matt O'Dowd)(Matt O'Dowd Rocks Most), U 2 Joe! Join the other BRAVE Physicists and Unify All Theories Now: BRAVE - Bożeon Research and Æther Verification Eταιρεία. Copyright 2020 John E. Boze
(Son of the Rocket Man who launched 8 Men to the Moon and 9 Guys to Skylab, Dad did not launch Apollo 13, 14, or 15), So no problems Houston!
Well, do ya, punk?
@@johnboze
Where will the paper be published?
"You miss every swing you don't take." - genius scientist Rick Sanchez
Crazy
-Wayne Gretzky
-Michael Scott
You don't bang every girl you don't ask out.
Dr. Michio Kaku explains(correct me if I'm wrong), strings (theory) vibrates like musical notes, he explains it in a way and it's so soothing to listen to. Could've wished his my physics professor long ago.
I'm more confused now than when I started the video.
Me three... wait... too.
@@ashleysmith1276 well 1 + 1 does equal 3 so you good.
than*
@@thomasalberto613 than kyou
@@banmadabon I see what you did their.. they're...therr🤣
My best guess is that some decades from now, "String Theory" will be an embarrassment to the physics community - a big waste of time that also pushed some people to suggest that the whole testability thing in science is overrated and why can't we all have prizes for pretty ideas without any basis in reality?
Bro there's no embarrassment, that's how science is, disprove older ideas and replace with new ones
Excellent video Joe - String theory is a very complex topic and you have simplified so many concepts so well !!!
Oh man I thought this was about Stephen Wolfram's theory. You should research that
Same, not enough people on youtube talking about it.
From what my pea brain was capable to understand he basically reinvented math, only he's using hypergraphs instead of numbers and anything can be explained with it through a fancy cellular automaton.
It's a mathematically beautiful theory.
Agree, have a look into this Joe.
Stephen Wolfram's concept is called "Graph theory"
"the math all works!"*
*: if it turns out that we can find a specific geometry of a manifold that lives in those 11 dimensions that makes everything work. Also, we haven't found any evidence of supersymmetry yet, and we really expected to have found them by now....
And this is why i have a hard time "just believing" scientists. They want to be right more than they want to have the correct answer, and this is because its like any other field... competition.
@@curtainbummings9381 The whole point of science is you don't "just believe". You found your beliefs on a preponderance of evidence. Theories are constantly tested and challenged.
The problem with the "I don't just believe scientists" crowd is that they aren't willing to believe scientists NO MATTER WHAT. They have preconceived notions that they WANT to believe, and then manifest conspiracy theories and cherry pick data to convince themselves what they already wanted to think was correct.
Any physicist working in this field will tell you straight out that they aren't SURE of string theory because it currently is an unproven theory. It mathematically works but hasn't had sufficient verified evidence to consider it proven as reflecting our actual reality yet (and even then, what "proved" means in science isn't "this is absolutely unquestionably true" but rather "this theory has been challenged and tested and held up to all evidence thus far"). So I have no idea how string theory makes it hard for you to believe scientists. If you have a simpler theory than string theory that accounts for what we see in quantum physics, you will be a very famous person if you would enlighten the rest of us. You point out "competition" as the reason you don't trust scientists, but that demonstrates you don't understand science. It is the competition that is the REASON you can generally trust scientific consensus. Any scientist could make their career and gain fame by discovering that a generally confirmed theory is actually wrong. Scientists set out to study and try to disprove assumed knowledge constantly. When hundreds or thousands of scientists have hammered on a theory for decades and NOT been able to undermine it despite their best efforts, you are the one that is not on firm ground when you remain questioning it, and you better have some kick-ass proof to back up your "all the scientists are wrong" theories.
Curtain Bummings go away William.
bjr1822 ok
brocoli E8 theory?
That is probably the most entertaining explanation video I have watched, and it actually did provide clarification.
Good god this just turned my brain to mush lmao
Oh, it's KNOWN for doing this. Hell, when it comes to Quantum Mechanics alone, the professors teaching it have to tell the students to "forget everything you know about the Physical world". But, once you've let your brain go to goo and then congeel back, it's a fun place to play (theoretically speaking, of course).
Without it, we'd have no clue how to make semiconductors, ergo, we wouldn't have these fun boxes and would be forced to go out and play outside like some neandertals.
Hi Joe
I love string theory. There is the first time for everything. Make sense. By the way, I've had a stroke, really. I survived.
Yikes. Hope I didn't cause it.
For real though, glad you're okay.
@@joescott I have the book a case for space, What read so far confirm what believe we are going Mars and beyond. I hope I'm around for the flight Mars at least and establishment of the first colony
It's my fault, I was burning the candle at both ends. As I always do. Then some.
@ You survived, good on you. I'm on long to recover. You can't let the bastard get you down. I'm am out there doing what I do best, promoting EV and Renewable Energy as well as building CLT passive house certified buiding in NSW.
Thanks a lot, Scott, for yet another very interesting and entertaining episode! I also took advantage of the CuriosityStream offer! Next I might as well even become a patreon...
Posted 24sc ago. Comments from 3 days ago.... 🙉💥mind blown.
STRING THEORY! Dunununun 😎 lol.
Patreon users view them first and get to comment before everyone else. So there, mind intact once again 👍😎😀
Sheeet... I remember when we had a party line and had to have an operator do the connection. (Circa 1950)
Yeah, down south here we still had that in the 60s, too.
@@jons2447 In rural South Africa our camping club's clubhouse line was on a party line until we got fibre in the last decade
Totally made my day to hear my name at the end of the video. Extra happy it was the string theory episode. Thanks Joe, always a pleasure to watch.
My cats made me watch this. I'm taking their tuna away.
Check their paws for apposable thumbs.... Its the next step in cat evolution and world domination.
@@philshorten3221 Nah -- if cats had thumbs they'd open their own food cans and wouldn't need us.
15:16 reminds me of also inventing Dark Matter to make the math work....
They mathematcily calculated Neptune existed , before they actually confirmed it that it really exist with a telescope, so . Have to start somewhere.
@@Mr2winners
NOT w/ math.
Ask Feynman.
Yeah they really blew that AND been wasting enough $$$ to solve almost all problems on looking for that garbage ever since.
Shows why 'real science' ain't 'consensus' science.
If they had just looked to see what's really out there, they'd have seen the rest.
Newton started it by inventing Vulcan. Mathematicians, pffft. Truth, Ive got one of those I prepared earlier...
I'm impressed. And the right amount of humor. Even more impressed
Time before cellphones? Yes I remember it well, attempting to trick a payphone to give me free call time when I was low on even small change. Those were the days!
You... you phreak!! 😀
@@ssatva people around here won't even know that phreaking was an actual thing or have any conception of how that would even work
I remember reading about phreaking and black boxes and all that tech mischief in the Anarchist's Cookbook back in the 90's, it's probably one of the first things I downloaded, that and Nirvana midi files. Though it was OK to read the book back then, you wouldn't get arrested for terrorism like you would now.
amazing, made me feel really old in under 2 minutes
More to the point, you did one of the most admirable jobs of collecting and blending the historical structures that we are inhabiting now and I am intrigued. Thank you.
After the last few weeks dealing with Virus and Mask deniers, I've realized it's STILL the 13th century Joe!!
I don't know what you mean by Mask Deniers. I believe there are masks. It's the way that they are used that I deny. The simple act of wearing a mask does not keep you and others safe. It's the immediate removal of said mask once it is contaminated with covid 19 that improves safety. It safer to have no mask on then it is to have a contaminated mask on. I never see anyone changing their masks. Those people are making matters worse.
@@skipbellon2755 I'd rather have the mask contaminated with Covid than my lungs...
The fact the mask has Covid on it proves nothing other than it's working as it's intended to. Of course you need to wash/replace the mask after every use, which I agree is something that people aren't doing. But when used correctly, the masks do work.
@@KissMyFatAxe A virus will not stay on your mask... once there it easily moves onto your face. This made easier by the fact that you face collects moisture under the mask. Also, you bring your contaminated mask into stores where it can infect other people. People that you obviously care little about.
I like the idea that the entire universe is made out of wiggly worms.
Wiggly "Gummy" Worms.
The kind with the sugar stuck to the outside
This is the best channel on RUclips! Thanks Joe!
Just think, a kid, comes across your video and is intrigued enough to learn more about science. Kid then completes University and begins work at CERN. Kid then figures out faster than light travel and leads to the discovery of aliens. All, from a Joe Scott video.
imma a 13 yr old from Africa, this stuff is enlightening me
Both of you would probably enjoy the old PBS series, "Connections". It's about how we go from A to B to Z. Here's Episode 1:
ruclips.net/video/XetplHcM7aQ/видео.html
You never know how your actions will ripple out into the world. RUclips channel or no. :)
13:36 glad you didn’t have a stroke.. 😂🤣......how do you come up with that humour? Where did you learn to say funny things 😆?
crack rocks.
The E8 Theory is really good! It explains all of the elements we have found and a few we haven't found and it looks like the flower of life on paper so it seems to be pretty awesome to me if not probable.
I remember...the Apollo moon landing. There weren't even cordless phones.
Dad worked in Launch Control for Apollo 10,11,12,16,17,and Skylab 2,3, and 4. The only phones in the Firing Room were definitely corded phones.
I still am amazed when I remember where we were technologically when we did that. Makes me almost cry.
I remember too. And i'm only 36. Until secondary school in post-USSR-new-republic no kid had seen one apart from Michael Douglas films on our new, colour, free-world TV's. What a let-down eventually...
Now, there is still over 100 tribes in the world, where MOST of population don't have cordless anything, never mind the reception. All the addicts, remember this.
Joe, can you do a video about the Emergence Theory?
It looks really promising to understand how the universe really works, and might help us create a theory of everything. Also it could explain why we might live in a simulation. Their maths and phisics are really great too.
Check out their website, and their youtube channel:
quantumgravityresearch.org/emergence-theory-overview
ruclips.net/video/w0ztlIAYTCU/видео.html
Yes please. Not enough attention paid to emergence theory.
Emergence theory is a real thing but this group is a scam, Klee Irwin, their leader, in particular is known for selling 'cleanse' products and vitamin scams
He already did. ruclips.net/video/Rqu_uV-gIcU/видео.html
@@JerryWilliam63 damn no way, i probably watched it too just forgot it :D thanks
Yeah, please do a vid on Emergence Theory ....it just seems like a theory that neatly explains everything
The point you make about people not understanding what the plague actually was and why people were dying from it is something that I never really thought about before. It must have been incredibly frightening for people back then, seeing their friends and family dying and not being able to do anything to help them.
The fourth dimensión has been discarded after the detection of the gravitational waves.. but the enveloped dimensions have not been discarded
the waves would have dispersed in that fourth dimension as well, but they did not..
@@enricocamarda9721 Not that we can readily detect I guess. Time is detectable via frame dragging, but I'm not sure how you'd detect frame dragging off of interferometers.
I would have swore in my mother's name that you have covered String Theory prior.
That Mandela....
Well, that's a whole helluva lot of stuff I could never wrap my head around before I heard you explain it ~ so ~ Thankyou!
It’s as if all he knows is fine dining and*string theory*
I got this.
@@jasonlast7091 I didn't.
Well. Okay Dokay.