GMHikaru reacts to The history of the top chess players over time

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  • Опубликовано: 10 июн 2020
  • Original Video - Abacaba
    • The history of the top...
    Hikaru
    / @gmhikaru
    / gmhikaru
  • РазвлеченияРазвлечения

Комментарии • 2,1 тыс.

  • @MalikEmmanuel
    @MalikEmmanuel 3 года назад +22273

    "In 1997 I was only 10 years old, I wasn't that good. I mean, I was only rated 2200"
    -Hikaru Nakamura

  • @L2H2L2
    @L2H2L2 3 года назад +7655

    “But he probably did die, yea.” - Hikaru, talking about a guy born in the 1700s

    • @terryfuldsgaming7995
      @terryfuldsgaming7995 3 года назад +224

      He was talking about that point on the graph smart guy... You do understand it was a timeline, yes?

    • @blustgt8814
      @blustgt8814 3 года назад +53

      The guy above me is right

    • @parafuegosarchive
      @parafuegosarchive 3 года назад +174

      Even funnier, in the graph he really Disappears when he gets to 69

    • @PrinceofMacedonVlogs
      @PrinceofMacedonVlogs 3 года назад +64

      @@terryfuldsgaming7995 I'm pretty sure he was making a joke...

    • @itsnottimetostop4462
      @itsnottimetostop4462 3 года назад +31

      @Matthew Jester the original comment purposefully omits context. That's the whole joke. Either that or he's an idiot, but I'm going to assume the former.

  • @hamza3838
    @hamza3838 3 года назад +1599

    2:02
    Video: Literally about the number 1 chess players
    Hikaru: that guy was a really good chess player btw

    • @RyotaMitarai
      @RyotaMitarai 2 года назад +34

      maybe that guy's 'top' tactics at that era can only be considered 'good' at this era

    • @LK25278
      @LK25278 Год назад +2

      @@RyotaMitarai i dont think tactics changed that much

    • @mariusschatz7431
      @mariusschatz7431 Год назад +16

      @@LK25278 The Introduction of Computer engines did do a lot for the chess theory so idk

    • @Baggerz182
      @Baggerz182 Год назад +1

      repent unto God

    • @LK25278
      @LK25278 Год назад +1

      @@mariusschatz7431 the term chess tactics basically means a sequence of a few moves that wins material, like puzzles - forks, mates, pins etc. I dont think engines matter much there.

  • @econometrics469
    @econometrics469 3 года назад +2262

    Wait the guy actually died at 69 tho, they weren't trolling 😂😂

    • @lukasantos6991
      @lukasantos6991 3 года назад +35

      He was 74

    • @juaninhopenteado6320
      @juaninhopenteado6320 3 года назад +7

      You have 69 likes

    • @DGramusset
      @DGramusset 3 года назад +71

      @@lukasantos6991 It's not clear if Petrov was born in february 1974 or february 1979, and he died on april 22, 1967

    • @xtremedeathgaming
      @xtremedeathgaming 3 года назад +301

      @@DGramusset so... He was born after he died I guess

    • @commie281
      @commie281 3 года назад +6

      bro the chat was fucking hilarious the ENTIRE time

  • @KiwithomXD
    @KiwithomXD 3 года назад +12127

    Kasparov was no.1 for 23 years, crazy

    • @janosikplayer2211
      @janosikplayer2211 3 года назад +541

      And Steinitz for 21

    • @dr.kryetari
      @dr.kryetari 3 года назад +894

      @@janosikplayer2211 there were no real opponents in that time,and if you were the world champion you could choose who to play !

    • @Tapionski
      @Tapionski 3 года назад +352

      @Holden Caulfield true but Kasparov also used those chess engines. Whenever he is asked about specific moves he always references data in his answer.

    • @evitthought9641
      @evitthought9641 3 года назад +1013

      Kasparov became number #1 rated player when he was 19 and kept that title till he retired. Carlsen will have to keep the #1 rating till 2033 to match Kasparov's performance. That will be hard as fuck to do as many young players are coming up

    • @bhaveshkahaneable
      @bhaveshkahaneable 3 года назад +328

      @Prasanth Sridhar
      Magnus has won triple crown twice
      Fucking "twice"
      No one ever did that

  • @mashmax98
    @mashmax98 3 года назад +4806

    When Kasparov was 42, he was rank 1 over half his life. Damn.

    • @TheRoniverseOfficial
      @TheRoniverseOfficial 3 года назад +369

      Dude just seemed to be born to play chess. Have you seen his analysis videos? His brain goes toe to toe with Stockfish.

    • @wooshbait36
      @wooshbait36 3 года назад +26

      @@TheRoniverseOfficial lol no, Magnus is much better

    • @theludvigmaxis1
      @theludvigmaxis1 3 года назад +173

      Professor Stexy not much. But arguably better.

    • @Zeldasouls
      @Zeldasouls 3 года назад +244

      King M Magnus is objectively way better than Kasparov now, but at his prime, Garry was insanely strong.

    • @SupperSoup
      @SupperSoup 3 года назад +77

      @embrace reality You grade it by the gap. Yes all-time ranking, by like 50 points between the 2nd Current player. Not much better. I'm sure of Morphy or Fischer was born in this time period. They'd probably destroy Magnus

  • @gavandevirajabhinav5484
    @gavandevirajabhinav5484 3 года назад +794

    "Here come the Germans"- an American from Japanese origins.

    • @Kitajima2
      @Kitajima2 3 года назад +33

      Interestingly enough, the most decorated military unit in American history is the Japanese 442nd who fought the Germans and reached the Lost Battalion

    • @sam9900
      @sam9900 3 года назад +2

      Oh my xD

    • @jai7961
      @jai7961 3 года назад +3

      Lmfao

    • @mochiisntbad6762
      @mochiisntbad6762 3 года назад +8

      @@Kitajima2 Ahh hikarus ancestors

    • @niagra898
      @niagra898 2 года назад

      @@Kitajima2 Clearly they’ve nothing in common with immigrants today.

  • @davidvidales2209
    @davidvidales2209 3 года назад +500

    13:55 Hikaru suddenly appearing and dabbing in front of Magnus Carlsen's face is GOLD

  • @Royale9
    @Royale9 3 года назад +3864

    0:18 one moment of silence for the purple line.

    • @larscampsteijn-hiby4743
      @larscampsteijn-hiby4743 3 года назад +114

      Lmaoo

    • @213byron
      @213byron 3 года назад +432

      He tried lol

    • @ezyawn3161
      @ezyawn3161 3 года назад +262

      Snaped straight out of existence

    • @albabtf8248
      @albabtf8248 3 года назад +10

      semichub

    • @EDoyl
      @EDoyl 3 года назад +755

      Dude invented chess and immediately decided he didn't like it.

  • @KorisnikBr1
    @KorisnikBr1 3 года назад +9087

    Hikaru: why does everyone just fall down with points? is it becuse ww1?
    Chat: new patch.

    • @sneamer1282
      @sneamer1282 3 года назад +957

      Just new meta, everybody started abusing Queen's Gambit

    • @yulin84
      @yulin84 3 года назад +17

      @@sneamer1282 rly?

    • @doanhnguyen6765
      @doanhnguyen6765 3 года назад +266

      the rank reset

    • @Stephen246666
      @Stephen246666 3 года назад +488

      Glitch called "en passant"

    • @akhwalters9784
      @akhwalters9784 3 года назад +379

      Early discoveries of the wooden shield

  • @mr.zzzzzzzzzz3311
    @mr.zzzzzzzzzz3311 3 года назад +441

    3:12 Alexander Petrov stopped playing after he was 69 years old, what a pogchamp.

    • @itisi996
      @itisi996 3 года назад +66

      he died (pog)

    • @lilfrontgarden
      @lilfrontgarden 3 года назад +1

      @@itisi996 I laughed out loud to that

    • @itisi996
      @itisi996 3 года назад

      @@lilfrontgarden lol

    • @thizlam4810
      @thizlam4810 2 года назад +6

      What’s even crazier is in 1850 the average life span of a male in Russia was 27 years old.

    • @user-cs9qc6ny3d
      @user-cs9qc6ny3d 2 года назад +3

      Also, Lasker’s graph "left" the chart when he was 69 (years old).

  • @nutmaster652
    @nutmaster652 3 года назад +729

    0:46 the fact that one of the greatest chess players of all time just says shit like “what a Pepega” never fails to crack me up lmao

    • @heldernunesdantas3627
      @heldernunesdantas3627 3 года назад +14

      lmao this is soooo great

    • @randombutspecific
      @randombutspecific 2 года назад +9

      One of the greatest blitz/bullet players of all time maybe.

    • @24spartakus
      @24spartakus 2 года назад +1

      C9

    • @choiyongjae
      @choiyongjae 2 года назад +22

      @@randombutspecific One of the most influential as well, I imagine.

    • @adedamolayusuff5995
      @adedamolayusuff5995 Год назад +7

      @@randombutspecific definitely that. But he's also top 5 as of now in classical

  • @oceanman859
    @oceanman859 3 года назад +3396

    12:20 "Come one Guys I was 10 years old, I was not that good in chess I was only 2200"
    Everyone else: 1500 peak

  • @Christoff070
    @Christoff070 3 года назад +7624

    Congrats Hikaru on making this list. You are a part of chess history.

  • @Spoon80085
    @Spoon80085 3 года назад +485

    Hikaru: “60 years old is pretty badass in 1850”
    Augustus Caesar dying at 75 in 14 AD:

    • @johnwayne8494
      @johnwayne8494 3 года назад +43

      He was a military general and dictator so I don't think the medical attention he got was comparable to a Russian chess player at the time.

    • @why-qz6zq
      @why-qz6zq 3 года назад +7

      @ERIC 9 can I get that source

    • @firestar5879
      @firestar5879 3 года назад

      @ERIC 9 wrong ceasar

    • @getass3290
      @getass3290 3 года назад +28

      @@johnwayne8494 Well I'm sure the amount of medical attention that was possible to give a person in that time was much less then during the mid to late 1800s when he died.

    • @getass3290
      @getass3290 3 года назад +3

      @ERIC 9 He certainly knew a bit of military battle tactics considering that he won multiple battles. While it is true that generals like Agrippa did a lot more then he did but considering that Augustus was an administrator and not a person known for his military genius it's still impressive. Also I don't know why it matters so much he doesn't have to be a good general to be a good Emporer most Emporers weren't generals including good ones.

  • @gustavogoesgomes1863
    @gustavogoesgomes1863 3 года назад +693

    11:44
    Hikaru: "So I've beaten Gata Kamsky, I've beaten Alexei Shirov, I've beaten Boris Gelfand, I've beaten Evgeny Bareev, I've beaten Topalov, I've beaten Karpov, I've beaten Ivanchuk, I've beaten Kramnik, I've beaten Anand, and Garry I've never played a classical match against him so it doesn't count"
    Also Hikaru: *c'mon that's not a flex*

    • @oscarb1369
      @oscarb1369 3 года назад +33

      Oh that's interesting why he didint mention that he was also crushed by them?. There is a funny video of Hikaru Being such a bad loser against Shirov :)

    • @MestreDuelista
      @MestreDuelista 3 года назад +30

      @@oscarb1369 why did he need to say that? Everyone knows that he can or problaly have lose to anyone of then. Here, him are talking about what he alredy have achieve. Not what he doent

    • @jeal5022
      @jeal5022 3 года назад +20

      Why are people overreacting, "He didn't say he lose to them so he's fleixng" or some sht. It's not even a big deal for someone to say that he doesn't need to mention every time he lose to somebody everytime he says he won against somebody. Stop putting meaning behind his words when it is not even objectively correct.

    • @gustavogoesgomes1863
      @gustavogoesgomes1863 3 года назад

      my god that was just a joke
      are you sure that it was me who was overreacting? lol

    • @jeal5022
      @jeal5022 3 года назад +1

      @@gustavogoesgomes1863 Lol not you, it's someone else in this thread

  • @spiralabyss9989
    @spiralabyss9989 3 года назад +3288

    never heard of this dude plays the petrov defense

    • @scooby6147
      @scooby6147 3 года назад +57

      GreekGodx cD he explained after like 5 seconds :Dd you even watched the video wtf

    • @reylightrey1863
      @reylightrey1863 3 года назад +342

      @@scooby6147 oh my god , u didnt get the meme, zoomer

    • @CrittingOut
      @CrittingOut 3 года назад +19

      @@scooby6147 ??

    • @surewhynot403
      @surewhynot403 3 года назад +17

      @@scooby6147 ???

    • @dasdas1837
      @dasdas1837 3 года назад +10

      @@scooby6147 bruh moment

  • @harpsarp66
    @harpsarp66 3 года назад +6241

    Where’s moistcr1tikal? This video is a scam

    • @Nirgranth
      @Nirgranth 3 года назад +574

      *T H R O B B I N G*

    • @jchris1934
      @jchris1934 3 года назад +847

      moistrictical is above the chart, the camera would need to zoom out. Especially after the spike he had after winning against grandmaster XQC with only 6 moves

    • @grqfes
      @grqfes 3 года назад +58

      they never made wide enough lens' to capture his throbbing performance.

    • @namp2018
      @namp2018 3 года назад +111

      moistcr1tikal was rated 9999999999999 at his lowest. Everyone knew he was, and is the best player so they just ignore him. Beating a grandmaster in 6 moves is easy for him.

    • @jonasalmstrom4986
      @jonasalmstrom4986 3 года назад +29

      His talent was only discovered recently, they'd need to update the video

  • @deidara_8598
    @deidara_8598 3 года назад +150

    I liked how he paused perfectly on 1971 when Bobby was soaring over everyone else and chat just freaked out and then he unpaused it and the graph immedietly took a u turn and plummeted and chat had a mental breakdown. Unintentonal, but hilarious

  • @CALISUPERSPORT
    @CALISUPERSPORT 3 года назад +298

    I just love the fact that there is a chess grandmaster chopping it up with Twitch brainlets. The magic of the internet.

    • @BrentTJo
      @BrentTJo Год назад +1

      Cause chess isn't the most lucrative career and the twitch brainlets pay him 6 figures a year to interact with them.

    • @Hamzahyn4
      @Hamzahyn4 Год назад +2

      Yeah, that's the point. In what era or what sport (aside e-sport) you could watch them daily, only few best in the world stream

  • @s3ri0uz99
    @s3ri0uz99 3 года назад +1005

    4:12 said no country ever

    • @ItachiUchiha11111
      @ItachiUchiha11111 3 года назад +22

      How about Poland?

    • @lilforlngerledning3607
      @lilforlngerledning3607 3 года назад +147

      @@ItachiUchiha11111 "oh, nice"?????

    • @andrewptob
      @andrewptob 3 года назад +23

      😂 - Austria actually welcomed them tho

    • @AbhishekKumar-uu4uj
      @AbhishekKumar-uu4uj 3 года назад +1

      Oohh nice

    • @naj4261
      @naj4261 3 года назад +8

      AOB no, they mostly didnt. Many Austrians wanted the German Unification, but not by getting invaded by the Reichswehr.

  • @marcellopez200
    @marcellopez200 3 года назад +826

    7:20 I love when Hikaru starts talking in circles like that. Feels like that one Broadcast fail "10 people died last night during a fire that killed 10 people during a fire last night"

    • @mattkim96
      @mattkim96 3 года назад +83

      Hikaru Nakamura? Repeating himself? Absurd...

    • @gillesva51
      @gillesva51 3 года назад +36

      best comment and most underrated comment on this video to be honest if i can be honest when im honest while being honest

    • @personesquebobensque8147
      @personesquebobensque8147 3 года назад +43

      by the house where he lived theres like theres a plaque and um theres a plaque stating that thats the house where he lives so i did go by and see the house where he lived in um in in riga

    • @TarePandaHelp
      @TarePandaHelp 3 года назад +5

      XQC lost in 6 moves for a reason

    • @personesquebobensque8147
      @personesquebobensque8147 3 года назад +2

      @@TarePandaHelp because hes a pepega, i didnt get coached by hikaru and am absolute trash at the game but i still saw moisty's move coming, xqc is a level 10 pepega, the special kind. Hikaru couldnt have done anything to redeem his lost brain

  • @lamosos
    @lamosos 3 года назад +565

    It's crazy to see just how dominant Fischer was in his prime.

    • @ugnius2707
      @ugnius2707 3 года назад +23

      @Niranjan Rajesh Kasparov is the goat fuck you mean

    • @lucaspratama8670
      @lucaspratama8670 3 года назад +18

      @Castor Tarantino you know his rating went down because he quitted chess right?

    • @arkos1179
      @arkos1179 3 года назад +19

      @@lucaspratama8670 yeah he quit chess. He didn't face the next generation. That is why he ain't the goat

    • @mochiisntbad6762
      @mochiisntbad6762 3 года назад +4

      @Zypher what😂

    • @mochiisntbad6762
      @mochiisntbad6762 3 года назад +5

      @Zypher your comment was equivalent to saying goats are the greatest because they are the greatest of all time

  • @stem6109
    @stem6109 3 года назад +286

    Bobby Fischer at ~2880: anyone wanting to play chess?

    • @JimKalpa-qd9zr
      @JimKalpa-qd9zr 3 года назад +2

      That wasn't a rise....it was a NASA moon launch. Unbelieveable, how do you do that?

    • @fisheatsyourhead
      @fisheatsyourhead 3 года назад +7

      Bobby Fischer to russians: actually not you I don't want to play any of you

    • @seraby7151
      @seraby7151 3 года назад +17

      He got discouraged playing chess because nobody can come close to his level

    • @dwaynekeenum1916
      @dwaynekeenum1916 3 года назад +1

      @@seraby7151 kasparov magnus

    • @casdomdomcas5214
      @casdomdomcas5214 3 года назад +1

      @@seraby7151 Nah he avoided everyone like Anand, Kasparov, Karpov

  • @ruch2976
    @ruch2976 3 года назад +522

    8:30
    Bobby Fischer: *Ight imma head out while I'm still on top*

    • @hyegol8081
      @hyegol8081 3 года назад +132

      @Bryan Black this dude hollowed out his teeth cuz he believed that the soviets placed a microphone inside his mouth.

    • @DuckyVanya
      @DuckyVanya 3 года назад +136

      @@hyegol8081 Yeah, he went crazy, which is real sad.

    • @beandocks1380
      @beandocks1380 3 года назад +63

      @Bryan Black They will label anyone as "schizophrenic" or "crazy" whenever people question jewish influence. The media was dogging on him 24/7 so of course he was gonna bite back. He just realized the truth and decided to live abroad and not take part in the system. He was part jew ffs does that not give you a clue that maybe he had something important to say on the matter?

    • @krzysztofq7420
      @krzysztofq7420 3 года назад +5

      @@beandocks1380 exactly, people stopped thinking for themselves

    • @norXmal
      @norXmal 3 года назад +1

      fischertranscripts.com/ I don't know the validity or the safety of this website, so use with caution.

  • @goldenhawx8652
    @goldenhawx8652 3 года назад +1443

    I was 10 years old, and only 2200.
    :0.

    • @Ben-hy6mp
      @Ben-hy6mp 3 года назад +82

      'and not that good at chess'

    • @franciszekpaluszewski7270
      @franciszekpaluszewski7270 3 года назад +54

      I mean he’s not wrong. Compare this to 2700 and higher, huge gap

    • @fpsgod3028
      @fpsgod3028 3 года назад +32

      He's still good at chess lmao like 2000 higher than me so

    • @jofx4051
      @jofx4051 3 года назад +2

      :V

    • @bubbamike4743
      @bubbamike4743 3 года назад +4

      And that was two seconds after he said he wasn’t flexing

  • @oshotz
    @oshotz 3 года назад +66

    I love how at 9:00 Hikaru just casually slips in the “I beat him”

  • @ValensBellator
    @ValensBellator 2 года назад +31

    Bobby was basically like a Supergiant star lol, erupted in a supernova and vanished.
    Kasparov’s longevity is crazy.

  • @thefart
    @thefart 3 года назад +730

    "I'm stupid sorry."
    Ok Hikaru

    • @laynebrock
      @laynebrock 3 года назад +17

      james matthews America probably does deserve 9/11...we bomb everybody and arm some terrible organizations

    • @Zeldasouls
      @Zeldasouls 3 года назад +12

      laynebrock You’re an idiot.

    • @naj4261
      @naj4261 3 года назад +15

      ZeldashR he may be an idiot but he isnt wrong

    • @DuckyVanya
      @DuckyVanya 3 года назад +28

      ​@@naj4261 Yeah I mean, America as a nation, entirely deserved. The people in the towers? Probably didn't deserve it. But the whole "bombing everybody" and "arming terrible organisations" couldn't possibly be more accurate, apart from maybe with the slight addition to make it "bombing everybody with any oil that we want"

    • @naj4261
      @naj4261 3 года назад +3

      Duck Sargent I think the worst thing about the USA is that they always try to have or try to seem to have the moral highground in conflicts(example:cold war). A lot of people also seem to forget how the cold war was started by the USA by stopping west German reperations going to the Soviet Union and the Truman doctrine. The USA doesnt have its power because of the moral highground, but it does have the moral highground because of its power. Another thing that I dislike about the USA is propaganda, because its disguised. This is the difference between the Soviet Union and the USA, one didnt try to hide its ugly face.

  • @sadness5672
    @sadness5672 3 года назад +637

    “I was not that good at chess. I was ONLY 2200”

    • @euclid9492
      @euclid9492 3 года назад +5

      feels bad man

    • @999a0s
      @999a0s 3 года назад +20

      2200 in 5th grade...no big deal

    • @prymexxxx
      @prymexxxx 3 года назад +3

      @@euclid9492 FeelsBadMan* and also that was a joke. 2200 is really good

    • @patjcoan
      @patjcoan 3 года назад +1

      That was the exact comment I was going to make lol

  • @redgunnit
    @redgunnit 3 года назад +137

    I imagine the dip in morphies score was due to him getting bored with the game and playing less.
    I MEAN towards the end of his career, he was playing blindfolded, with less pieces, and a 5 round deficit against the best players at the time! If anything, it was boredom.

    • @levylovett7597
      @levylovett7597 3 года назад +20

      I mean he was like 2600ish at 12 years old

    • @drewdoolan7946
      @drewdoolan7946 2 года назад +5

      He stopped playing at the peak. It just nosedived for some reason even tho he never played another game. Same with Fischer's

    • @jout738
      @jout738 2 года назад +1

      One dude continued his chess career to 69 year old, so he could have broken world records with how many years he was dominating as world best chess player, so it was stupid to him stop ches in his early 30s then.

    • @myhatmygandhi6217
      @myhatmygandhi6217 Год назад +1

      Apparently he didn't even take chess that seriously, he was more interested in studying law. Plus there were no great players for Morphy to learn from, no engines, not a lot of books to learn theory etc. So his rise and peak, at least for me, is the best.

  • @Liquid278
    @Liquid278 3 года назад +179

    “Oh wait here come the Germans”
    The polish viewers “ 👀😰”

    • @zsamich
      @zsamich 3 года назад +3

      I dont think that we were afraid of Germans. In fact, we did fighting them a lot lmao

    • @lightningball8153
      @lightningball8153 3 года назад +16

      @@zsamich he is just memeing,dont be too serious.Just like French soldiers were called "only good at running away" but people from france couldnt care less

    • @tarunsrivastava2074
      @tarunsrivastava2074 3 года назад +4

      *Ww2 nuke noises*

  • @lordfifthissth8258
    @lordfifthissth8258 3 года назад +389

    12:15 "At ten I wasn't that good at chess, I was only 2200.."

  • @FinCrow84
    @FinCrow84 3 года назад +27

    Interesting to see that there is many patterns where if the leader is on top clearly alone, his curve comes down.
    And when there is new wave of players giving challenge, then the curves goes up in pairs.
    For example Lasker goes on top and after dominating alone his curve comes down. But then emerges Capablanca and their curves shoots sky high together.
    This shows how important the rivalry is for the overall level or peak.
    No competition, no high score and vice versa.

  • @leerobbo92
    @leerobbo92 3 года назад +88

    Hikaru: "I'm not flexing guys"
    Also Hikaru: "I wasn't that good at chess when I was 10 years old, I was only 2200"
    Me: -_-

  • @tincanmaniac1931
    @tincanmaniac1931 3 года назад +232

    The sudden drops are from them not playing. Morphy retired from chess when he was 21/22, and that's when he starts going down.

    • @jeal5022
      @jeal5022 3 года назад +6

      Do you even lose rating points if you stop for just a while?

    • @aljenguden3703
      @aljenguden3703 3 года назад +2

      Yes ?

    • @peterbedford449
      @peterbedford449 3 года назад +31

      You don't lose any rating points from stopping playing. But after a while your rating becomes deemed inactive and isn't used for any leaderboards. Any drop in rating that you see is because they were STILL playing not because they weren't. So alot of players played into their old age and dropped in rating because they were no longer at their peak. When the line disappears completely, it is because they became inactive or died. You don't lose rating from being inactive.

    • @tincanmaniac1931
      @tincanmaniac1931 3 года назад +2

      @@peterbedford449 not that kind of drop, I'm talking about people like fischer and morphy dropping. This chart doesn't take them off the board when they retire from chess.

    • @jout738
      @jout738 2 года назад +1

      @@peterbedford449
      Bobby Ficher and Paul Morohy both were still so young and then their rank start to drop and then they just stop playing chess at so young age, when I wonder that, when they could brake world records with how long they dominated the 1st place in chess.

  • @ericlol1337
    @ericlol1337 3 года назад +163

    i like how the chat is in the perfect position to be annoying

  • @crayvd8229
    @crayvd8229 3 года назад +1498

    Can’t wait for EA to buy Chess and ruin it.

    • @centralprocessingunit2564
      @centralprocessingunit2564 3 года назад +40

      chess was already ruined when hikky brought the streamers and toxic community into it

    • @lordspongebobofhousesquare1616
      @lordspongebobofhousesquare1616 3 года назад +219

      @@centralprocessingunit2564 at least it brings new players in

    • @samabellaaa
      @samabellaaa 3 года назад +138

      $3.99 for 1 pawn

    • @adamfirth3082
      @adamfirth3082 3 года назад +268

      @@centralprocessingunit2564 no ur the toxic community. Elitists that defend the game from everyone else are hurting the chess community more than some twitch streamers

    • @seven5677
      @seven5677 3 года назад +92

      @@centralprocessingunit2564 Ok Grandmaster Benjamin.

  • @aravindgundakaram1830
    @aravindgundakaram1830 3 года назад +17

    “Who is this dude, I haven’t even heard of this dude”
    *sad Petroff defence noises*

  • @vitojohn8168
    @vitojohn8168 3 года назад +79

    8:31 Bobby Fisher:aight good night guys!
    Other player: ok see you tomorrow!
    𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩 𝙤𝙛𝙛𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙚 47 𝙮𝙚𝙖𝙧𝙨 𝙖𝙜𝙤

    • @alex2005z
      @alex2005z 3 года назад +13

      He hasnt logged of for 47 years? Really dedicated

    • @jayure1346
      @jayure1346 Год назад +1

      Must’ve forgot his password

    • @thecipher8495
      @thecipher8495 Год назад +1

      @@jayure1346 or made an alt account to take over 21st century chess

  • @gokufujison
    @gokufujison 3 года назад +62

    "I'm not flexing or anything"
    "I was only 2200 when I was 10"

  • @nicklewis2826
    @nicklewis2826 3 года назад +490

    Gary on top for over 23 years. What a freak of nature run. Might say he’s the best ever in the modern era.
    Edit: also, Alexander petrov was top ten for 40 years? Gosh.

    • @dhirajpallin2572
      @dhirajpallin2572 3 года назад +110

      Carlsen has been top for 10 years, so he could theoretically beat it if he eats his porridge. Although he'll have to stave off guys like Firouzja.

    • @SukoSeiti
      @SukoSeiti 3 года назад +10

      The thing is, because of how Gary stopped playing, he will always be on peoples mind.

    • @lordspongebobofhousesquare1616
      @lordspongebobofhousesquare1616 3 года назад +36

      @@dhirajpallin2572 but carlsen isn't as dominating as garry was in tournaments. Caruana has the possibility of surpassing him I think

    • @WieldMyWord
      @WieldMyWord 3 года назад +77

      ​@@lordspongebobofhousesquare1616 You have to take in to account that chess is more competitive than ever before, so its harder to stand out more when almost every chess strategy have been revealed, and its easier to get access to information you need to improve.

    • @Wtahc
      @Wtahc 3 года назад +7

      magnus is better than garry was and if you disagree you're wrong

  • @ValensBellator
    @ValensBellator 2 года назад +28

    Even in the chat of chess streamers you find “simp” every time a woman is mentioned and you fail to insult her... it’s a sad world we live in 😂

  • @sticky0159
    @sticky0159 3 года назад +28

    At 10, I would bring home cool sticks and rocks at school in my bag.

  • @Grandcapi
    @Grandcapi 3 года назад +49

    According to Jeff Sonas the greatest gap was between "who is this guy" Steinitz and Henry Bird: 199 points. Then comes Fischer and Spassky, 146 points.

  • @sis6334
    @sis6334 3 года назад +607

    Hey Naka: Average life expectancy was low during 1860's because child mortality was way higher than today.

    • @EssDubz
      @EssDubz 3 года назад +32

      More people lived to be over 100 in 1800s than today, by percentage.

    • @personesquebobensque8147
      @personesquebobensque8147 3 года назад +2

      i think i learned that in grade 8, and i mention that cuz u just gave me a throwback

    • @poubcool
      @poubcool 3 года назад +24

      Crazy how American people really have no general knowledge, even for chess players this good

    • @sum_moss9092
      @sum_moss9092 3 года назад +90

      @@poubcool you're acting like the mortality rate of children in the 1800s is general knowledge lol

    • @archdukefranzferdinand567
      @archdukefranzferdinand567 3 года назад +16

      Even if we only count people who lived to 18, average life expectancy today should be much higher since we don't have to deal with Polio, Cholera, etc.

  • @neetforneed577
    @neetforneed577 8 месяцев назад +3

    Lasker is so f**king underrated world no 1 for 25 years wow

  • @Emad-1st
    @Emad-1st 11 месяцев назад +4

    Today is 4th of june 2023 Hikaru just hit number to again by winning a match in the norway chess tournament. Congratulations Hikaru

    • @x0cx102
      @x0cx102 11 месяцев назад +1

      and now he really is officially going to be number two on fide (not just live ratings, which was what it was a few days ago) when the fide updates official ratings at the end of the month. Now he's won Norway chess 2023 and there's no other fide events that will affect the top rankings for the rest of the month.

    • @Emad-1st
      @Emad-1st 11 месяцев назад

      @@x0cx102 that great to hear,
      and yes he did it he won🎉🎉

  • @fireworksandpie9482
    @fireworksandpie9482 3 года назад +20

    I watched this when it came out, forgot about it, and now here I am years later watching Hikaru reacting to it

  • @s3ri0uz99
    @s3ri0uz99 3 года назад +150

    3:35 or he is 226 years old, could be possible too

    • @coins_png
      @coins_png 3 года назад +25

      He was about to die at 69 then he said "nah I'll wait for 420"

  • @Varrxion
    @Varrxion 3 года назад +13

    Morphy was such a god. Sat comfortably above the next best player by hundreds of points, and quit the game because it was too easy. He went to a chess club once, with some very strong players, gave them all odds and still won most games. Way ahead of his time.

    • @thecipher8495
      @thecipher8495 Год назад

      Yeah, seems like he was playing 20th century chess

  • @CarrieArt7
    @CarrieArt7 3 года назад +37

    Morphy was dominating the game at 12 years old, amazing.

  • @raymondwen4210
    @raymondwen4210 3 года назад +94

    Where is PVC? The inventor of the Wooden Shield

    • @seanmoore2295
      @seanmoore2295 3 года назад +4

      They banned him because he’s negative skill in life :(

    • @varence7007
      @varence7007 3 года назад +4

      He's overqualified

  • @FredrikMeyer
    @FredrikMeyer 3 года назад +173

    The way Petrov is *really* Петров, but it easier to write Petrov or Petroff or something like that.

    • @martinvoet217
      @martinvoet217 3 года назад +3

      Correct. The Russian в is written differently in different languages.

    • @williamwilliam4944
      @williamwilliam4944 3 года назад +3

      This is so interesting. In Greek, we would write Petrov as Πέτροβ. Is Russian influenced by Greek?

    • @tsunset
      @tsunset 3 года назад +32

      William William Of course. The Cyrillic alphabet based on the Greek alphabet

    • @williamwilliam4944
      @williamwilliam4944 3 года назад +1

      @@tsunset I didn't know that. That's so interesting to me!

    • @samizin911
      @samizin911 3 года назад +1

      the letter в is v in Cyrillic alphabet but at the end of a word it sounds like and f. (grammar rule).
      so most foreigners will read Petrov but if a Russian sees it he`ll know that v sounds like an f.

  • @alank378
    @alank378 3 года назад

    von de Lasa gave us the von de lasa attack in games like the Bc4 - Ng5 attacking variants for White in opening like the Scotch Gambit. he was also important in helping finalize most of the rules of modern chess. You can read about him in Staunton's book "Chess Praxis"

  • @riyo.38
    @riyo.38 3 года назад +59

    "Here come the Germans, oh nice"
    That's something noone in history ever said
    👁️👄👁️

  • @Royale9
    @Royale9 3 года назад +15

    5:01 a moment of silence for my boy Semyon Alapin

  • @Magerquark
    @Magerquark 3 года назад +64

    Imagine appearing on any Top 10 list people upload on RUclips, pretty cool that we can watch Hikaru so casually

    • @Wtahc
      @Wtahc 3 года назад

      ye and you can say that about t10 in any other game, even those much more competitive than chess ?

    • @crispychickennuggets9092
      @crispychickennuggets9092 3 года назад +5

      Dude I watch the top 1 RUclipsr everyday

    • @Napthas
      @Napthas 3 года назад

      @@Wtahc idk chess is pretty damn compettitive

    • @mazeot
      @mazeot 3 года назад

      1. Thou Shant Lewd Kaori most competitive chess players play for their whole life and never get grandmaster, most chess players who do become grandmasters spend over 10 years trying to do so - overwatch was released less than 5 years ago and already had thousands of grandmasters. if chess was released less than 5 years ago like overwatch was you wouldn’t have any grandmasters. You don’t spend 6 hrs on 1 match in overwatch but you do for 1 game in chess (in competitive play). You can’t compare them really.

    • @crispychickennuggets9092
      @crispychickennuggets9092 3 года назад +2

      @@Wtahc "Much More Competitive" Its fucking chess the most competitive game in the world

  • @shivness
    @shivness 3 года назад +43

    Hikaru: He died at 69? you're trolling
    Actual video: no-

  • @donaldmetzger8238
    @donaldmetzger8238 3 года назад +9

    Hi Hikaru. If you look closer, during and after WWI, you will notice that Lasker and Capablanca broke 2800, as did Alekhine and Botvinnik before and after WWII. The dominance and quality of those players should not be forgotten.

    • @lightningprowess6031
      @lightningprowess6031 3 года назад

      Well,its not purely elo ranking
      So their elo not really above 2800,this video use erm conversion,not pure elo based system

  • @robertkofron47
    @robertkofron47 3 года назад +22

    lolol "I don't even know the history of chess, what a Pepega." - Hikaru

  • @nathanbrooke4753
    @nathanbrooke4753 3 года назад +25

    0:47, that jump, though lol

  • @vmonzillo
    @vmonzillo 3 года назад +9

    Brasileiro sempre fica de olho, valeu Mequinho por ser nosso GM

  • @alyessam2157
    @alyessam2157 9 месяцев назад +1

    I'm sure some already saw that well mostly .. but the first to pass the 2800 was Capablanca by feb-mar 1915 around 5:14 in the video

  • @gamesmile1440
    @gamesmile1440 3 года назад +27

    Donation: When will xQc be on this list?
    "He'll be here on this list by 2023"
    me remembering the famous charlie x xQc tournament

  • @RemoveChink
    @RemoveChink 3 года назад +39

    Somehow Hikaru not knowing how life expectancies work is endearing.

    • @Neonb88
      @Neonb88 3 года назад +2

      Wait I think he was right, wasn't he?

    • @NippleOfOdin
      @NippleOfOdin 3 года назад +4

      @@Neonb88 no, he wasn't. Life expectancy was lower centuries ago mainly because of higher infant and general mortality which dragged down the average. Humans have always lived until their 80s, 90s, etc. just to a less frequent degree than today.

    • @davidhoekstra4620
      @davidhoekstra4620 Год назад

      @@NippleOfOdin Well, you can't just go by the longest-lived people to compare eras. At some point you've got to include some sort of average age.
      So, Nakamura was not that far of.

    • @jettaeschroff6924
      @jettaeschroff6924 Год назад +2

      @@davidhoekstra4620 hikaru's pretty wrong in the fact that it wasn't uncommon in the 1800s for people to live well into their 60s and 70s. if you take away all of the deaths before 5 years old then the average age is quite close to ours.

    • @davidhoekstra4620
      @davidhoekstra4620 Год назад

      @@jettaeschroff6924 If you take away all Jameis's Interceptions his QB rating would be close to Tom Brady's. That would be an atrocious distortion, however. In any case it would be reasonable for Hikaru to suppose that the life expectancy of someone in their 40's would be significantly lower in the 1800s than it is now.

  • @lordadamson
    @lordadamson 3 года назад

    That was the video that got me into the game about 3 years ago. I was fascinated by it.

  • @cpmc5400
    @cpmc5400 3 года назад +3

    The history behind Alexander McDonnell is pretty interesting, one of the best players early on in the video. He died young so never reached full potential but some of you may be familiar with the McDonnell gambit which he introduced against the then number 1 - La Bourdonnais.

    • @renerpho
      @renerpho 2 года назад

      He actually died during a match against Le Bourdonnais.

  • @Quisl
    @Quisl 3 года назад +79

    1:25 : "now NA is kinda the best"
    14:25 : He is the only NA player
    LULW

    • @liborkundrat185
      @liborkundrat185 3 года назад +9

      I mean, Caruana and Wesley are on the list, but they're tough to categorize in this regard.

    • @Eorzat
      @Eorzat 3 года назад +8

      Libor Kundrát They’re not tough to categorize. Fabiano was born in Florida and now plays for the American Chess Federation (or whatever it’s called). Wesley immigrated to the U.S. and plays for the American Chess Federation. It’s just simple as that.

    • @TheWarmupLap
      @TheWarmupLap 3 года назад +3

      America won the olympiad. That makes them the best.

  • @erikskov8759
    @erikskov8759 3 года назад +3

    You are right about Carlsen, the range between him and the rest of the field is about 50 ELO points, BUT!!!, notice in Bobbys day the gap between him and the second best player was around 150 points so why not today between Magnus and the rest of the field? Simply because we have a much stronger field of players currently which was not the case back in the 70' and that is why chess has become so much more interesting today to which you Naka have contributed to very much, thank you!

  • @Zilray
    @Zilray 3 года назад +3

    what a time to be alive that a player whos on this list uploads a reaction to the video on youtube xD

  • @spcsandbag6517
    @spcsandbag6517 8 месяцев назад +1

    good one putting the chat right on top of the names

  • @adibgbs3136
    @adibgbs3136 3 года назад +16

    4:39 that question made me laugh

  • @misternewoutlook5437
    @misternewoutlook5437 3 года назад +3

    Interesting video and I'm glad Hikaru took the time to narrate his take. There's a few strange blips to take note of. Ignatz Kolisch sticks out as an anomaly - his chess is impressive. I remember examining his games some time ago and found them having a strikingly modern character.
    Lasker, of course, is the odd ball. Fischer's "coffee house" assessment of him always bothered me as cynically biased, but in examining Lasker further - Fischer was essentially right. I put Lasker in the category of " very hard to defeat" rather than tactician, strategist, brilliancy genius, etc. He was all those things at one time or another, but his 'refuse to lose' attitude rises above all else. As a result, I have greater appreciation for him.

    • @TheRoniverseOfficial
      @TheRoniverseOfficial 3 года назад

      say what made kolisch's style "modern"? was he applying newer theory or something? was that also the reason why he wasn't on top for long?

    • @misternewoutlook5437
      @misternewoutlook5437 3 года назад +1

      @@TheRoniverseOfficial It's not something you can really put into words. Looking at Kolisch's style around the time of his rise, struck me as odd. You'll see what I mean if you sample some of them. Whether it was by accident or what, he was doing things that pre-dated Steinitz. Like I say, Ignatz Kolisch is a brief anomaly.

  • @reyrafa6636
    @reyrafa6636 Год назад +5

    Well, It's 2023
    He's coming

  • @aisforairborne
    @aisforairborne 3 года назад +15

    The American civil war really messed with Paul Morphy's chess game

    • @legendarian4690
      @legendarian4690 2 года назад +2

      No he still planned to quit, the Civil War messed up his law practice.

  • @lekangourou4579
    @lekangourou4579 3 года назад +16

    Lmao the French in the 18's were killing the game and then they just disappeared until 2010, 200 years of break lmao

  • @company5685
    @company5685 3 года назад +4

    Lasker was to me the most impressive one, he joined the top 10 at age 20, was #1 for super long and was still in the top 10 when he was 70 years old

  • @muferguson
    @muferguson 3 года назад +4

    The "Russian Imperial" music is a piece of royalty free music available online, but I can't remember where. I used the same piece in an advert once :)

    • @quan196
      @quan196 3 года назад +1

      I barely stand idiotism: "can he play chess at 61? do people live so long at all?"And when he hit genius point-> " russian imperial music " I stopped watching.

  • @boast03
    @boast03 3 года назад +12

    Just to explain the rising and falling of the curves: the Elo-System behaves more like a currency than an absolute rating.
    So the distance to other players tells you more than the absolute value of their rating.
    A falling curve *could* mean that everyone gets worse, however it is more likely, that everyone gets "more even". The elo rating is also proportional to the whole "population" of players. Because technically, every player *can* influence every other player (if you would play everyone vs everyone). I also think the graphs are drawn curvier than the ratings actually were, because if you stop playing, your rating does not decay (which is a big flaw in the FIDE rating pointed out numerous times). This is why you usually only rate "active" players (whatever that means in your context).

    • @davidhoekstra4620
      @davidhoekstra4620 Год назад

      I agree. Going by the distance to other players of his era, Fisher was the best.
      No way anybody could have gotten as many draws against him in a match as Caruna got against Magnus.

  • @Alchemistic88
    @Alchemistic88 3 года назад +72

    What a beast Bobby Fischer was. Beat everyone and stopped playing at 30. Wow

    • @rokanza2293
      @rokanza2293 3 года назад +18

      A pity he didn't face Karpov for the Championship match

    • @oliver-04
      @oliver-04 3 года назад

      A 1000 i think he would have win tho

    • @clemy2030
      @clemy2030 3 года назад +8

      @A 1000 even Karpov admitted he couldn't beat bobby

    • @paulmorphy6314
      @paulmorphy6314 3 года назад +2

      Stopped playing at 28

    • @clemy2030
      @clemy2030 3 года назад +23

      @A 1000 Lmao you make it sound like he left because he was scared or something, you know as well as I do he quit for different reasons. The soviet union was pumping out grandmasters with huge amounts of funding for their players, Fischer comes along and easily polishes them off left and right. And yes he was a real champion.

  • @CallOn84
    @CallOn84 3 года назад +70

    Just some information for everyone, even if some players reached 2800 in rating, it's not 2800 really. From 1910 to 2010, CMR (Chessmetrics) was used which has a different rating system and the inflation is much higher. As an example, the CMR rating gives Bobby Fischer a rating of almost 2900. In ELO, however, it's actually 2770~.

    • @haakonhamer9122
      @haakonhamer9122 3 года назад +1

      so the "elo" that is shown in the videdo is how inflated? by 100-ish ? for everyone ?

    • @CallOn84
      @CallOn84 3 года назад +2

      @@haakonhamer9122 I'm not completely sure, but I think it actually deflated instead of inflated the ratings. Also, you probably saw, for example, EDO/CMR. Abacaba probably calculated the average between the ratings before switching fully to CMR in 1920.

    • @omnaaggvin3747
      @omnaaggvin3747 3 года назад

      im pretty sure if you evaluate their games with computers they will be comparable to ims at best

    • @baq8533
      @baq8533 3 года назад +13

      Good, i was surprised that bobby fischer even got close to 2900, cuz im pretty sure that carlsen had the highest in history and he achieved 2882,
      thankyou for this information.

    • @kasparov937
      @kasparov937 3 года назад +4

      @@baq8533 Fischer's chessmetrics was 2895, real elo of 2785, Kasparov's chessmetrics was 2889, real elo was 2851

  • @TravelingMooseMedia
    @TravelingMooseMedia Год назад +2

    Every time I watch Hikaru I am amazed at the common things he doesn't know or understand. Yet he's a genius on the board.

  • @aasthasharma1358
    @aasthasharma1358 3 года назад +6

    11:06 Vishy Sir op!!! ❤️
    Our pride🙏🏻

  • @kajetansokolnicki5714
    @kajetansokolnicki5714 3 года назад +16

    Just Hikaru stuff: "because in 1997 I was only 10 years old, I wasn't too good at chess, I was only like, 2200"

  • @BrutalacePSN
    @BrutalacePSN 3 года назад +9

    I love how the whole chat goes monkaW mode when Magnus Carlsen shows up in the chart

  • @voihiivatti
    @voihiivatti 9 месяцев назад +3

    11:01 It is 2023 now Hikaru.

  • @royfablooo2810
    @royfablooo2810 3 года назад +8

    I like how he reacted and was kinda worried he will not be on the list even though he knows he is in the top 10

    • @renerpho
      @renerpho 2 года назад +2

      It must be the same feeling that I have when I watch "Titanic", always anxious if it will miss the iceberg this time.

  • @iDEaXANA
    @iDEaXANA 3 года назад +8

    When judit came along chat replaced I lost with I blundered

  • @zohnjimmerman8145
    @zohnjimmerman8145 3 года назад +5

    l love how all the players names either start or end with a V in the 90's

  • @Dan-td6mi
    @Dan-td6mi 3 года назад +1

    To move frame by frame you can hit when paused on yt.

  • @weavehole
    @weavehole 3 года назад +1

    Watching Hikaru parent chat every day is hilarious. Patience of a saint... or at least a chess player.

  • @TheLeafyo
    @TheLeafyo 3 года назад +55

    Scary how reliably people get knocked off the list once they hit their late 40's to early 50's.

    • @ETBrooD
      @ETBrooD 3 года назад +6

      If Fischer hadn't quit, he could've quite possibly dominated for a few more decades. Because he wasn't a product of his time, he was ahead of his time.
      Kasparov also could've potentially continued to dominate, but he decided to quit while he was ahead and tried to pursue politics.
      So it's not so much that they "got knocked off", rather they chose to retire. Although who knows, Fischer may've never retired if the politics had gone more smoothly for him.

    • @jacksonbutler5427
      @jacksonbutler5427 3 года назад

      Mid life crisis hits and the chess goes down hill lolol

    • @raffaeledivora9517
      @raffaeledivora9517 3 года назад +2

      The brain slows down... for example most of the greatest mathematicians make their best works before being 30 (not that there aren't plenty of people what achieved important results after that, but still...)

    • @xensan76
      @xensan76 3 года назад +6

      How is it scary that people retire?

  • @stephenstansell3026
    @stephenstansell3026 3 года назад +3

    These RUclips videos have made Hikaru one of my favorite players. He just comes off as such a brilliant and humble man. I root for you Hikaru.

    • @tiagonader
      @tiagonader 5 месяцев назад

      hikaru? humble? okay

  • @henrykaspar3634
    @henrykaspar3634 20 дней назад +2

    Reponses to Hikaru's questions/remarks:
    1) People lived to be 60 in the 1850s, if they got through their childhood OK
    2) What happened in the early 1900s: Lasker semi-retired from chess, hence his rating dropped
    3) First player to cross 2800: Capablanca in 1915.
    The other players to cross 2800: Lasker in 1916, Alekhine in 1928, Botvinnik in 1944, Fischer in 1966, Karpov in 1974, Korchnoi in 1978, Kasparov in 1982, maybe Ivanchuk in 1992 (not clear, he's scratching it), Anand in 1995, Kramnik in 1996, Topalov in 2006, Carlsen and Aronian in 2010, Caruana and Grischuk in 2014, Nakamura in 2015.
    4) Largest gap: Morphy by 170 in 1857.
    Other large gaps: Steinitz by 150 in 1873 and 1876, Capablanca by 110 in 1921, Botvinnik by 120 in 1946, Fischer by 130 in 1972.
    Kasparov led the third rated player by 130 points in 1989, but #2 Karpov was only 30 points behind. Similarly, Lasker led the third rated player by 120 points in 1899 (spoiler: Tarrasch), Alekhine by 120 points in 1931 (spoiler: Capablanca), and Carlsen by 100 points in 2014 (spoiler: Aronian).

  • @geckobeats3226
    @geckobeats3226 3 года назад +6

    4:13 POV
    You're a 18 year old healthy man armed in the French-Belgian borders in the 40s

  • @shadowjuke1874
    @shadowjuke1874 3 года назад +3

    This is actually the first time i'm hearing hikaru's voice lol. I'm expecting a deeper voice than this and like a scary man xD

  • @Killerbee4712
    @Killerbee4712 3 года назад +23

    "Imperialist Russian music"
    Soviet Union, 1919-1991:
    Stalin:
    Lenin:
    Trotsky:
    Communism:

  • @kechan_
    @kechan_ 3 года назад +7

    Let's play chess!
    Random USSR at 1960: " *OUR.. Chess* "