How Does the M-209 Cipher Machine Work? - A Brilliant Non-Electrical Encryption Device
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- Опубликовано: 16 сен 2024
- #cryptology, #cryptography, #cryptanalysis
In this video, we show how the M-209 cipher machine, which was developed by Boris Hagelin and used during WW2 and the Korean War, works. Boris Hagelin developed a series of crypto machines, where the M-209 and C-52 were the most famous ones. He also founded the company “CRYPTOAG“. About 140,000 M-209 units were produced in total (in the U.S.). As of early 1943, German cryptanalysts were able to read 10-30% of M-209 messages. Hagelin machines were delivered in more than 60 different countries world-wide.
In the video, we first give a short overview of the history of the machine. Then, we describe the internal workings of the machine in detail. We also discuss the keyspace size. After that, we show a short live demo from another youtube video. For the whole live-demo, please have a look at • M-209B Cipher Machine . A lot of thanks to Oscar Font (see his channel / albertsystem ) for showing his machine. Finally, we create a new CrypTool 2 workspace for encryption and decryption using the M-209.
If you are interested in attacks and more details of the M-209, please have a look at our papers [1,2]
[1] Lasry, George, Nils Kopal, and Arno Wacker. "Automated known-plaintext cryptanalysis of short Hagelin M-209 messages." Cryptologia 40.1 (2016): 49-69.
[2] Lasry, George, Nils Kopal, and Arno Wacker. "Ciphertext-only cryptanalysis of Hagelin M-209 pins and lugs." Cryptologia 40.2 (2016): 141-176.
You may download the latest version of CrypTool 2 from here: www.cryptool.o...
For the record, we also used the M-209 in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War. Not widely used by U.S. forces, but we did provide them to various Special Operations military units working with forces from foreign countries, e.g., I trained the Royal Lao Forces in Laos to use them.
Ah cool, thx for the info :-). Greetings, Nils
If this is the Smith Crona decode hagelin M209. My Uncle used them in the Korean war. He also made them in the Smith Crona plant in Groton NY. I am doing research on them for my assignment for collage. Great video.
Hello Pushing Technology To The Limit ,
That is quite interesting :-). To be honest, I do not know which companies (in the US) produced the M209. I know that the Swiss Crypto AG (see en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypto_AG), which was founded by Boris Hagelin, invented the machine(s) and that there were other companies being allowed to produce it. Also, Crypto AG had close relations to NSA (and its predecessors) and especially there was a "friendship" between Boris Hagelin and William Friedman. So I think it is highly possible that the company Smith Corona (who also built type writers) also built Hagelin M209 copies - since they had the abilities and tools to do so. Also, good luck with your research for your collage assignment - this is really a great and interesting topic!
Concerning your uncle: I can imagine. They used the M209s in several theaters of WW2 and later also still in the Korean War. It was a very well made piece of encryption hardware and highly secure.
Greetings,
Nils
i have a cx52 series D and some parts ones that have been buired and in very bad shape very interesting
Nice :-)
Where did you get it from?
What about the Crypto AG ability to read ALL the messages ciphered with this machines. How did that work?
You refer to the operation Rubikon (de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Rubikon) which was performed by BND and NSA. Yes, as far as we know, they sold weak machines where they were able to decipher messages. Not all machines were weakened. They sold this weakened machines only to countries where they wanted to be able to read their messages. "How did that work?" --> We do not exactly know what they did. But I assume that they reduced somehow the keyspace, thus they were able to attack it easier.
@@CryptographyForEverybody Thanks a lot for answeing. This is a somewhat sad story. Crypto is an elegant manifestation of math I think and should be performed with grace. To rig this is a violation of vast proportions...
I'm affraid this has happened ever since.
@@CryptographyForEverybody
This is however the official story. See link below. Mathematicians an cryptographers must have had this clear for ages that the story about the man with pen and paper is ridiculous.
ruclips.net/video/CB5Kj8CwgUE/видео.html
Hello my friend I have a machine like this van u contact you to ask you how to operatie it?
Sure, maybe
Write to cryptool2gmx.net
Greetings,
Nils
Ei tenho uma máquina dessas em casa, nunca entendi a utilidade
Now you know how to use it :-)
need arabic subtitle, please
Hiho,
I am sorry, but for this video are no subtitles available since RUclips decided to generate wrong sub titles (German) instead of English,
Greetings,
Nils