How do Map Projections Work?

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  • Опубликовано: 2 янв 2025

Комментарии • 264

  • @General.Knowledge
    @General.Knowledge  4 года назад +70

    So which of these is your favorite? I really like the Cahill Butterfly

    • @precisa_
      @precisa_ 4 года назад +7

      I think Dymaxion Fuller is my favorite projection since it can be used to recreate Earth without needing to distort proportions, for example, the earth 1 to 1 in minecraft uses a version of the Dymaxion projection, the only downside it has is the lack of direction

    • @GSLindo
      @GSLindo 4 года назад +2

      You are português

    • @quadded
      @quadded 4 года назад +2

      I love the canters W34

    • @IVaV1
      @IVaV1 4 года назад +4

      Robinson for me.

    • @lipsarath8728
      @lipsarath8728 4 года назад +3

      My favourite map projection is The Robinson Projection.

  • @holydutchlord3477
    @holydutchlord3477 4 года назад +75

    Can you do something that has always bothered me the difference between Territories, Departments and Colonies?

    • @_MC529
      @_MC529 4 года назад +14

      The UK 🇬🇧 is complicated af😅

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад +24

      Sure! That's a good idea

    • @bruhz_089
      @bruhz_089 4 года назад

      @@_MC529 the UK only has territories now

    • @albireo2990
      @albireo2990 Год назад

      @@bruhz_089 It has departments inside the counties

  • @Nikioko
    @Nikioko 4 года назад +12

    6:45: The transverse Marcator is similar to the Mercator, but instead of the equator, the cylinder touches the earth's surface on the 0° and 180° meridians. So the toilet paper core is horizontal, not vertical. Therefore the biggest distortion is at 90°W and 90°E meridians (the straight horizontal lines through the poles) whose intersections with the equator are stretched to infinity like the poles in the true Mercator projection (parallel lines intersect in infinity). The choice of the 0°/180° meridians is quite random, another great circle as the contact line between cylinder (e.g. the 60°W/120°E meridians) and ball leads to different results. In That case, the biggest distortion would be at 150°W and 30°E.

  • @mohdadeeb1829
    @mohdadeeb1829 4 года назад +51

    Teacher : What Did you learn ?
    Me : Gif not Jif .

  • @cheydinal5401
    @cheydinal5401 4 года назад +25

    The Dymaxion-Fuller Map (triangles that are put next to each other) is often used to show the origin and spread of mankind from Africa, to other continents

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад +4

      I didn't know that! That's really cool

    • @旭球
      @旭球 4 года назад +2

      Yes, it's good for showing the nearness and interconnectedness of landmasses

    • @skanthavelu
      @skanthavelu 4 года назад +2

      I like that map as it more accurately depicts the actual shapes and sizes of each landmass. And though I am not a flat earther, I also like the Flat Earth maps as like the Dymaxion Fuller map, they show the actual sizes of the landmasses, albeit Antarctica looks like a giant wall of ice and many of them distort the sizes of lands south of the Equator. I wish that a map based on both the Flat Earth map and the Dymaxion Fuller map was used as the official world map as it would accurately show the sizes.

  • @alexgaming127
    @alexgaming127 2 года назад +8

    I would say that my favorite depends on What I’m using them for, for example, if I want to do a size comparison, I would use the Gall-Peters projection, if i hypotheticlly were stuck in the ocean, I would’ve used the Mercator projection. If I became a teacher in the future, I would use either the Winel Tripel projection or Robinson’s projection, if I want it change my view of the world, I would probably use other interesting maps, although, this whole thing with projections is Why I prefer a globe

    • @okaro6595
      @okaro6595 Год назад

      Why would you use the Gall-Peters projection instead of for example Equal Earth projection? There are several projections that preserve the area. Gall-Peters is the worst one.
      en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_Earth_projection
      Fuck Gall-Peters. It is nothing but woke politics,

  • @Nikioko
    @Nikioko 4 года назад +1

    1:28: The Mercator projection is important in navigation because it has correct angles. The great circles (except meridians and the equator) are distorted, however. So a plane flying from Europe to New York over the southern tip of Greenland seemingly flies a curve, but in reality it is a straight line.
    The Mercator projection is a cylindrical projection as a cylinder is wrapped around the earth, touching it at the equator. The projection rays start from the center of the earth, therefore the poles are stretched to infinity. The Behrmann (not Berhmann) projection is also a cylindrical projection, but here projection rays are parallel to the earth's rotational axis, so distances near the poles are distorted to zero.

  • @diangelopita6762
    @diangelopita6762 4 года назад +8

    This guy deserves way more subs

    • @TheTattieShaw
      @TheTattieShaw 4 года назад

      Join his discord if you like, there you could give him ideas to do in future then maybe he will get more subs with one of your suggestions link in the description for the discord

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад +1

      Thanks!

  • @fikimi2252
    @fikimi2252 4 года назад +13

    You Should have 7,4 billion subs. Absolutely best content in RUclips!! Keep it up!

    • @TheTattieShaw
      @TheTattieShaw 4 года назад +2

      He has a discord server if you feel like joining, you can suggest ideas for him to do there and chats with other fans and the man himself

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад +2

      Thanks so much!

    • @euproductions8615
      @euproductions8615 3 года назад +1

      8 billion now

  • @daniels.iparraguirre6077
    @daniels.iparraguirre6077 4 года назад +4

    When you say, in the Mercator projection, "it inflates the sizes" towards the poles, (away from the equator), you mean the scale increases with increasing distance from the equator. Right?

  • @CEKROM
    @CEKROM 4 года назад +6

    7:33 Best picture =D

  • @jpfl14999
    @jpfl14999 4 года назад +4

    Great video! Greetings from Brazil 🇧🇷.

    • @IkarosDC
      @IkarosDC 3 года назад

      Dang you have Russian empires seal being from Brazil
      True mister worldwide
      Неплохое сочетание)

  • @YnM.2185
    @YnM.2185 4 года назад +14

    Watching for the second time!
    Continue bro!

  • @jessehendrix2661
    @jessehendrix2661 Год назад +1

    I forgot the name of the projection, but there was one which represented the northern and southern hemispheres with two circles, with the poles in the center. The lines of latitude were equal distances apart.
    It was printed on a double-sided disc, and you could fairly accurately find distance and direction by stretching a string between the two points.
    It seemed like a good compromise between accuracy and intelligibility if you needed both and could only have one map.
    Of course a globe is the best way to go, with the only downside being that you can't see the whole earth at once and it can't be shared as an image.

  • @Kettenhund31
    @Kettenhund31 4 года назад +15

    Ten out of ten for this one! A complex idea rendered understandable!

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад +4

      Thank you! Really glad you liked it

    • @JaKingScomez
      @JaKingScomez 4 года назад

      Couldn’t they just use math to convert it and make it flat? I don’t get why this is a problem. Take redraw it and make it accurate and flat. When he shows the gif couldn’t they keep it like that and attach the countries so the size and shape stays accurate

  • @Nikioko
    @Nikioko 4 года назад +2

    9:34: Those triangles are nets of tetrahedra. The left one has the north pole in the center of a face and the south pole on a corner, the right one the other way around.
    10:34: Those eight triangles are the net of an octahedron. It is a projection of a spherical surface onto the faces of that octahedron.
    11:16: And finally in this one, the surface of the earth is projected onto an icosahedron which is the closest to a sphere among the Platonic polyhedra.

  • @IceColdProfessional
    @IceColdProfessional Год назад +1

    Who knew maps and mapping was so complex, yet so precise?

  • @GeographyWorld
    @GeographyWorld 4 года назад +8

    9:56 Island? Do you mean Iceland or Ireland?

    • @tomasvrabec1845
      @tomasvrabec1845 4 года назад

      Huh? To me it sounded clearly like Ireland.

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад +2

      Ireland! But yeah I for some reason said something close to island lol, only noticed when editing it all together after recording

    • @GeographyWorld
      @GeographyWorld 4 года назад +1

      @Liam C English people often pronounce it as Island while Americans tend to say I-are-land

    • @LEO_M1
      @LEO_M1 4 года назад

      You know what they say, Ireland is just one sea from Iceland.

  • @victorbruant389
    @victorbruant389 4 года назад +7

    General Knowledge!
    *Salutes

  • @javieralreves
    @javieralreves 4 года назад +11

    9:00 wait how did ancient greeks knew about the Americas?

    • @quadded
      @quadded 4 года назад +7

      it was used purely to depict Europe so it looked a lot better

    • @Nikioko
      @Nikioko 4 года назад +4

      They didn't. But they knew that the earth is a sphere with 40,000 km circumference. Eratosthenes calculated that.

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад +9

      They didn't! The map I showed is just a current reproduction of the world using the mathematical model that they used for their maps at the time.

    • @Jeancahu
      @Jeancahu 3 года назад

      they understood that with sticks and sun's shadows, some ignorant people from our era can't figure that even with smartphones, computers, space station evidence etc

  • @luigidude44
    @luigidude44 Год назад +1

    Geographer here: the orange isn't really a good representation of the Earth. Earth is a spheroid. Imagine trying to make a ball out of play-doh. It kinda looks lumpy when making it round

    • @alakazam482
      @alakazam482 Месяц назад

      Yeah the earth is an oblate sphere, but the difference is really tiny. If I remember correctly the diameter through the equator is only 14 miles larger than the diameter pole to pole. It may be radius instead of diameter, but that's such a small difference when working on a scale as large as the earth

  • @ervano798
    @ervano798 3 месяца назад

    Very interesting video.
    My favourite projection is the conical Lambert projection with two intersecting parallels. It is the projection that the Belgian NGI, the National Geographic Institute, uses to create their topographic maps. I am Belgian and live in Belgium, so these maps are the most important to me. I understand this projection the best. It is extremely suitable for our small country and therefore shows almost no or only a few minimal distortions.
    Of course, the various Mercator projections are also very interesting and important to me, and not least because it is one of our own, and not far from my neighbourhood. But also, because it is one of the best known and most used in the world, and we are of course very proud of that here.
    But still, the Mercator projection has a little secret that I have unfortunately not yet been able to unveil. I am working on it.

  • @GeHeum
    @GeHeum 4 года назад +2

    Another fun projection is the Euler projection: it is mathematically the best possible projection but it is completely impractical because the earth is projected on a very long line that wraps around many times

  • @tiortedrootsky
    @tiortedrootsky 9 месяцев назад

    Fuller projection, physical map, north pole at the center, no markings, no triangles, the oceans fill everything around the continents outside of the actual triangles of the projection.
    Thats the coolest map ever! No countries to kill each other for. Eurasia+ is rotated right 90°, Americas rotated left 90°. Breaks the usual patterns for maps, feels uniting.

  • @michelematteoni4049
    @michelematteoni4049 4 года назад +1

    The Trasverse Mercator is the most used projection for GIS data. Poles are almost always represented using steregraphic projection

  • @WorldConquerer2295
    @WorldConquerer2295 9 месяцев назад

    At 4:15, that’s the Eckert III projection, not Robinson. Similar but you see different distortions.

  • @dhruvbhatt8574
    @dhruvbhatt8574 4 года назад +2

    3:00 can anyone name the website he used

  • @Nikioko
    @Nikioko 4 года назад +2

    12:20: The Schjerning I is a conical projection which has the purpose to depict Russia as a whole with only very little distortion. Therefore it is very accurate around 60°N latitude and is very distorted on the southern hemisphere.

  • @JakeLikesTech
    @JakeLikesTech 4 года назад +4

    7:33 the painter was distorting the dudes forehead the same way Mercator distorted his maps.
    Also 12:21 that's the "wall of ice" flat Earthers are looking for that circles the world.

  • @thetankcommander3838
    @thetankcommander3838 4 года назад +2

    Can it be explained why I heard Anchors Away - the theme song of the United States Navy? Cause I am genuinely surprised.

    • @TheTattieShaw
      @TheTattieShaw 4 года назад

      You could message him on his discord probably be the only way you'll find out link in the description

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад +1

      I always choose a selection of some type of military marches as the soundtrack of the videos. If they are about a specific country I choose songs of that country, but if they are a generalized topic like this I choose random ones

  • @sharkquark6252
    @sharkquark6252 4 года назад +1

    Which app or Website did you use at 2:43? I would like to use it too, the real size of countrys always interested me a lot. PS: very Great Video, I learned really much today, thanks 😊

  • @Ms-fe2bo
    @Ms-fe2bo 4 года назад +1

    Hey G.K. when will you do the poll for the flags? I am so exited to see my flag eeeee!!!

  • @SupremeLeaderKimJong-un
    @SupremeLeaderKimJong-un 4 года назад +7

    We also have our own map, the world in the shape of our country

    • @luisg.15yearsago18
      @luisg.15yearsago18 4 года назад

      Oh yes..Dear Supreme Leader...Every Country is ur puppet

    • @IVaV1
      @IVaV1 4 года назад

      @@luisg.15yearsago18 Lol you wish

    • @quidnick
      @quidnick 4 года назад

      It is Kim Jong-un shaped.

  • @rafaelparo2229
    @rafaelparo2229 4 года назад +2

    Dymaxion-fuller was my favorite!

  • @TheTattieShaw
    @TheTattieShaw 4 года назад +1

    Join his discord server guys link in the description
    Get notifications about new videos there
    Also suggest ideas for future videos, chats with other fans and the man himself, also do contests monthly

  • @randybentley2633
    @randybentley2633 4 года назад +1

    In the TV series The West Wing this subject came up hilariously in one of the episodes.

  • @sweden5247
    @sweden5247 4 года назад

    5:19 is the text kinda moving or am i blind

  • @NothingHere9911-blank
    @NothingHere9911-blank 3 года назад +1

    Madagascar is actually more than just twice the size of uk

  • @AverytheCubanAmerican
    @AverytheCubanAmerican 4 года назад +4

    Gaston made Antarctica and Greenland mighty *thicc* on the Mercator Projection. It all makes sense now, he just wants an icy home

  • @bernardobaptista4131
    @bernardobaptista4131 4 года назад +1

    Can you do a video with the main sport of which country in general? It would be very interesting!

  • @xander1052
    @xander1052 4 года назад +1

    An Euler Spiral can theoretically provide 0% distortion

  • @SledgerFromTDS.
    @SledgerFromTDS. 3 года назад +2

    Mercator Projection for the "Win"!
    Which Map Projection do you "Prefer"?

  • @jamesisabeastieboysfan
    @jamesisabeastieboysfan 4 года назад +14

    I ready saw this earlier today. Is that how you got 23 likes from 2 views?

    • @sjoormen1
      @sjoormen1 4 года назад

      Well some of us really really like general kowledge as long as it isn't too specific.:-)

    • @mariotheundying
      @mariotheundying 3 года назад

      @senro the fool they have dislike bots not likebots, the views are low because when he clicked on the video it didn't have time to put the correct amount of views and likes

  • @GeHeum
    @GeHeum 4 года назад +2

    The main reason for the symmetry around the equator is that the earth rotates around it so it becomes a natural choice for a symmetry line.
    In other words the reason is purely physical, mathematically there is no reason to choose that particular line.

  • @ringthatbell9597
    @ringthatbell9597 4 года назад

    Omg the ice wall on the last one

  • @Hendricus56
    @Hendricus56 4 года назад +2

    This time I'm #BeforeTattieGang

    • @TheTattieShaw
      @TheTattieShaw 4 года назад

      Damn reuploads 😂😂

    • @Hendricus56
      @Hendricus56 4 года назад

      @@TheTattieShaw Well, I was sort of prepared, because I saw the notification from his tweet on the DC server that he will reupload it and then the notification from the "new" video

  • @King_Proto
    @King_Proto 2 года назад +1

    My favorite is the equirectangular projection.

  • @calliduspenguino773
    @calliduspenguino773 4 года назад +2

    Broke: Earth is a circular disk
    Woke: Earth is a semi-circle

  • @HistoricHomePlans
    @HistoricHomePlans 4 года назад +2

    The Goode (Interrupted) projection has always been one of my favorites. It gets the relative sizes of the continents fairly close and it keeps the longitude lines nearly straight. You only get a lot of distortion in the easternmost part of Russia. www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/gprojector/help/projections/GoodeHomolosine-Interrupted.png

  • @MrVradley
    @MrVradley 4 года назад +1

    New Zealand is missing off alot of these maps

  • @gachaconfassycake3928
    @gachaconfassycake3928 4 года назад +1

    Omg we need to make a map shaped like cake

  • @melanezoe
    @melanezoe 4 года назад +1

    My favorite is the one on the orange peel.

  • @hinkles73
    @hinkles73 4 года назад +1

    3Blue1Brown used a stereographic projection to look at quaternions.

  • @johnchristopherfee
    @johnchristopherfee 4 года назад +11

    "Mercator" is pronounced "Merk-Kate-ER"

  • @ocfos88
    @ocfos88 4 года назад +1

    Ah yes. The Invercator Map, with Antarctica at its true size.

  • @JayceeR
    @JayceeR 4 года назад +1

    the last is the flat earthers map

  • @philipspradlin548
    @philipspradlin548 4 года назад +1

    Wasn't this video uploaded already?

    • @BirbBoiYT
      @BirbBoiYT 4 года назад

      Yeah

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад

      Yes! I had to reupload because for some reason it wasn't sent out to most people

  • @johnshilling9988
    @johnshilling9988 4 года назад +1

    That is why I bought a globe at a yard sale.

  • @CEKROM
    @CEKROM 4 года назад +4

    2:00 Very interesting =D

  • @vascobranco5296
    @vascobranco5296 4 года назад +2

    Faz um vídeo sobre os distritos de Portugal e as regiões autônomas

  • @james-mn7zj
    @james-mn7zj 4 года назад +1

    I like maps like the dymaxion-fuller map more than maps that are or similar to a rectangle.. Yeah I'm THAT kinda guy.

  • @richardbell7678
    @richardbell7678 Год назад +1

    I believe that this video is hampered by not doing a good enough job of explaining the goals of projection design. A 'True Map' can do three things simultaneously and the goal of a projection is to do at least one of these very well: True Distance, True Bearing, and True Area.
    True Distance is the ability to measure a distance on the map between two points, compare it to the map scale and get the actual distance between those two points on the Earth's surface. The Azimuthal Equidistance projection shows true distances between the center and any other point. The Mercator projection only gives true distances along the Equator, or directly North of South of the Equator
    True Bearing is the ability to measure the relative bearings between two points and knowing the relative bearings between those two points on the surface of the Earth. This is the forte of the Mercator projection, as all bearing measured on the Mercator projection are true bearings. The Azimuthal Equidistance maps also give true bearings between the center and any other point. This, combined with the AE map providing true distances between other points and the center, makes the AE map very useful for planning hub-and-spoke airline networks, as you just make an AE map for each hub and you can know true distances and bearings from the hub to all of the spokes, and any secondary hubs.
    True Area is the ability to measure an area within a closed curve on the map, apply a scaling factor and know the area within the corresponding closed curve drawn on the Earth's surface. Most of the map projections that you bring up seem to be attempts to get close to true areas (make all of the land masses appear to have the proper areas, relative to each other). All of the presented projections sacrifice some degrees of true bearings and true distances to get the areas properly proportioned.

  • @somerandomperson1825
    @somerandomperson1825 4 года назад +2

    Uploaded again?

  • @lancetheking7524
    @lancetheking7524 4 года назад +9

    I live in a different continent
    that's why i'm late

  • @craig147680
    @craig147680 4 года назад +1

    You are applying the projections on a small scale to depict the globe. Mercator is used for navigation at much larger scales as points seen will be at the same bearing on the chart. Transverse Mercator is used for largest scale navigation charts inside ports and harbors. The line you drew on the globe is called a rum line and over the distance of oceans is the long way.

  • @GeographyWorld
    @GeographyWorld 4 года назад +4

    I'd recommend looking up the Authagraphic projection. It has very little domistortion, divides the world into 96 triangles and can be tiled together in many ways.

  • @kevinmattsson5718
    @kevinmattsson5718 4 года назад +1

    what happened to the previous upload :O

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад

      For some reason it didn't get sent out to most subscribers so I had to reupload. Although apparently this one didn't do great either LOL

    • @thesenate7948
      @thesenate7948 4 года назад

      @@General.Knowledge I saw the first one when it came out (subscribed) and I'm re-watching this one. Your videos are amazing! Keep it up!

  • @henkbarnard1553
    @henkbarnard1553 4 года назад +4

    A globe, A globe my macerator projection for a globe!

  • @NerdBryant64
    @NerdBryant64 Год назад

    Spilhaus projection. It tries to preserve the shape of the oceans. Used for maping currents

  • @GeographyWorld
    @GeographyWorld 4 года назад +4

    TLDR also reuploaded today due to lack of views. Is RUclips sick?

  • @altaic9202
    @altaic9202 4 года назад +1

    While you are having an easy life using the winkel tripel, think about the poor children who still use the Mercator projection.

  • @pajaromolónoficial
    @pajaromolónoficial 4 года назад +1

    How you do your videos? It's actually cool

  • @jclau3616
    @jclau3616 4 года назад +1

    I like many of these projections, but seeing NZ being split apart with Australia, E and SE Asia in a lot of these projections makes my heart crack a bit...

  • @quadded
    @quadded 4 года назад +3

    If there's a place you got to go
    I'm the one you need to know
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    If there's a place you got to get
    I can get you there I bet
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map
    I'm the map

  • @M500VYN
    @M500VYN 4 года назад +1

    Fascinating. Many thanks for compiling this. 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻🇬🇧🏳️‍🌈

  • @okaro6595
    @okaro6595 Год назад

    Mercator is not really used outside the US.

  • @jefffinkbonner9551
    @jefffinkbonner9551 3 года назад

    7:33 I think that man's forehead is in mercator projection

  • @Sky-qo3bm
    @Sky-qo3bm 4 года назад +1

    I see giant philippines 9:07

  • @mr.normalguy69
    @mr.normalguy69 4 года назад

    - Be me
    - Take a globe
    - Puncture the globe with a needle
    - Flatten the globe
    - Use it however you want.

  • @BirbBoiYT
    @BirbBoiYT 4 года назад

    I know I commented this on the original, but why do schools still use Mercator? Kids may believe that Canada is larger than all of Africa or Greenland is the size of Africa.

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  4 года назад

      I agree! There are much better projections to choose from nowadays

    • @hpnk-ek8dr
      @hpnk-ek8dr 4 года назад

      I think it comes down to lack of insentive to change. We have used that projection for very long, for det reason of navigation and correct shapes. Now that navigation is less of an issue we should change, people just do not care enough about it." So what he gets the sizes wrong, he knows were the countries are and their shape good enough". Also some suspect officials are against change since it makes their coutry look bigger. Many world powers through history are in the northern part of the globe so gets bonus, but that is kind of conspiracy theory.

  • @kaiceecrane3884
    @kaiceecrane3884 4 года назад

    2:36 look at how big Europe is compared to the United States

  • @grumpyguy2877
    @grumpyguy2877 4 года назад

    Here’s another map distortion 🗺

  • @RegenteDoBrazil
    @RegenteDoBrazil 4 года назад +1

    Brazil is more big than the USA (without Alaska)

  • @paperweight57
    @paperweight57 4 года назад

    Cahill-Keyes FOR THE WIN!!!

  • @sparkieT88
    @sparkieT88 4 года назад

    Merc-Ah-Tore!

  • @eugeneclignett5511
    @eugeneclignett5511 4 года назад +1

    the cahill buterfly is quite usefull still, not to much destortion, and who cares about seas?

  • @ZackWolfMusic
    @ZackWolfMusic 4 года назад +1

    Earth is not a globe it's a flat plane.

  • @qinnadaoud8393
    @qinnadaoud8393 2 года назад

    I LIKE THE REAL ONE

  • @archstanton6102
    @archstanton6102 4 года назад

    But the earth is flat...
    Grunts, drags knuckles and wipes drool from mouth

  • @jonathank4278
    @jonathank4278 4 года назад

    How did people from BC know about America before 1500 AD ?

  • @ItsGroundhogDay
    @ItsGroundhogDay 4 года назад

    Isn't the globe's surface already flat?

  • @letsknow3753
    @letsknow3753 4 года назад

    Cahill is also good

  • @agnotapro
    @agnotapro 4 года назад

    15 flat earthers left the chat.

  • @hinkles73
    @hinkles73 4 года назад

    I'm not doing any VPNs, but if I did, it would be a tie between ExpressVPN and NordVPN.

  • @ernie5229
    @ernie5229 Год назад

    Just so ya know, the one with two triangles is not ok.

  • @aggiollo209
    @aggiollo209 4 года назад +1

    Can you make plz what if the german empire revolt against the Weimar republic

  • @barrydonovan8303
    @barrydonovan8303 3 года назад

    You miss-pronounced "Mercator" "mer-káy-tor" not "mer-kàh-tor"

  • @PatricioHondagneuRoig
    @PatricioHondagneuRoig 4 года назад

    Oh. Deja vu?

  • @xander2cat
    @xander2cat 4 года назад

    wait
    did i watch this earlier?

  • @GilFAMCPT
    @GilFAMCPT 4 года назад

    Nice