Respect for putting a whole awesome tutorial online for free. This is the kind of stuff most people give the first 2 minutes for free then hide the rest behind a paywall. This is the best tutorial I've ever watched on this
I went a long time without realizing how much of a difference a cable can make. It seems like the simplest, easiest thing about your setup, so I never thought it mattered what cables I was using. It's a wire wrapped in plastic with a jack at the end, how much of a difference could a more expensive one possibly make? It just seemed like a waste of money to me, so I stuck with using the cheap no-name brand ones that came free with other gear I bought. In all my months of searching for answers on how to rid myself of buzzing and humming in my sound, not one dickhead on RUclips ever bothered to mention the cables, instead going on about pickups and grounding and pedal chains. Eventually I got some Ernie Ball ones for free, and upon plugging them in it became abundantly clear how my shitty cables were contributing to my noise woes.
I used to have a problem with making my guitar tracks too loud, but its because I didn't realise how much of what I thought was the guitar tones in mixes are actually the bass. Bass honestly adds so much to a track that a lot of people just don't realise.
I am re-watching your videos and watching ones I haven't. I am praying for your wife's recovery. That cord is about the coolest thing ever. I am glad you're telling people about this stuff. It's about making music, how things sound. It isn't about the name on your guitars headstock, it's about how the guitar plays and sounds. The point about how a guitar sounds in a mix is super important. It's something people who play live need to think about as well.
I wish this video had come out 5 years ago. Learned 80% of this the hard way through tears. Happy to have learned the remaining 20% now. Thank you! Please make something for side chain compression and "making space with eq"
Anyone reading this : buy neural dsp plugins. They have amazing default settings and presets and you won't have to worry about the ampknobesque issues like fucking up your own tone.
Thank you for dropping pure gold on us this week! The most helpful video I have run into for tracking amp sims/recording DI guitars by far. Truly appreciate it! [Resists urge to tweak parameters on AmpKnob.]
Glenn, thank you for all your work. I'm a father of a 9-year-old kid (from Slovenia) who plays drums, electric guitar, bass and in (official) music school classic guitar. I didn't know anything connected to this music world. But I was watching your Channel for quite some time now and learned a lot, so I can help my kid practice and jamm efficiently and make informed buying choses. On your recommendation I bought studio monitors Kali audio IN-8 2nd Wave, Tonex pedal (before you did the review, so he can play on stage), he was playing amplitude 5 before that. When I talk with his teachers they thought that I'm very knowledgeable with years of experience in DOWs, Amp Sims, production and recording. We laughed when I explained to them I'm a newbie but I learned a lot from your Channel and some others and of course recommended your Channel to them. Result is that my kid can practise his instruments efficiently with great sound and have recordings to show to his friends and family and I can help him when he performs on stage (roadie) . For his end school year project he chose to play all the instruments (drums, electric guitar and bass) in a song Toxicity from System of a Down. He succeeded, even though as usual in this kind of production, where there is no individual soundcheck he couldn't hear the monitors in the beginning (can send you links on email). So thank you a lot!!! Keep a good work and Fuckkkkkk you Glenn
I wish they had schools like that in the States. Schools with proper music based courses are rare and the specialty schools are expensive and all Classical and Jazz based. We are not #1, other than in gun violence and incarceration per capita, free my ass! I want to move to Sweden or Denmark myself. However Europe is less safe than it was, I hope for your sake Putin is stopped and doesn't end up at your front door too. Slava Ukraine! Stay Safe in Slovenia, even though I have a higher chance of being in a mass shooting😅
I have a feeling I am older than you, but I wish I had a dad like you as a kid, I tried to teach my now 21 yr old son, but his Schizophrenia and other issues kinda made it impossible. I started him at like age 6 too, never wanted to listen just kinda make noise. Made him a giant Bass/Guitar pedalboard and got him guitars basses and other instruments. Could be in a band like HammerHedd by now, I was gigging back in like 94 at age 15 and he could have been better than me. It sucks, but I am glad your son has the right kind of father to be a musician...He's lucky to have you Dad!
Another trick for latency issues is to just get a DI box and split and send your guitar signal into any physical guitar amp to use as a monitor. That's how I usually track at home.
@@insederec Sometimes I will use the headphone monitor out directly into a guitar amp. Then plug a mic into the second input of the interface. Boom, you just turned your interface into a DI box. You'll end up with a DI tone left and a real amp right. Then switch your plugs and double track. Now you've got a DI and a real amp on each side. Quad tracking has never been easier.
This is a home-run tutorial that will absolutely help a lot of people get started on the right foot. The number of technical details that a newbie musician confronts are daunting, and you've shown the clear AND NARROW path to recording success. :) Incredible work - RESPECT!!
It helped me quite a bit actually. I hadn't played regularly since 2008 so getting back into it a couple years ago post divorce. I didn't really need to buy anything "just to play" as I never sold my gear. But after a year I decided to get into the digital realm and this helped. It wasn't so big 15 years ago.
In regards to #11, I have my own way to counteract this. My method is to prioritizing the things I can't play, and that balances out my automatic impulse of mixing like a guitar player. I always make sure I can hear the rhythm section just like on my favorite records. My guitar player friends are really caught off guard by this and think the guitars in all my mixes are way too quiet, but to them "way too quiet" is to me "giving the drums and bass the presence they need". In some of my tracks when I combine heavy guitars with various synths I really underpower the rhythm guitars, put them as a low background thing and let the synths overpower them :)
Hi Glenn (loud guy), About that silent jack (plug), since I started playing guitar(1962) I learned very quickly to plug the guitar in first, THEN plug into the amp. Mixing tip --- Since I've been recording (1961) I always mix in mono, last step, adjust your pan pots for the stereo blend that you like. I still mix that way, it's what I know, since back in the day we had NO stereo, it was an up and coming gimmick. This may help someone. Excellent post as always ! Bill P.
Another thing when recording with amp sims: Always record as a Direct signal, and don't put the sim on the input effects section. If you hate the sound later, you'll have to re-record. Similar logic behind the 'pickups dont matter' argument applies here as well... if you use 'studio magic' techniques to clean up bad playing (quantizing, copypaste, pitch shifting, etc), the end recording sounds much more natural if you edit the DI before the sim than if you were to chop up an already amped signal.
(Noob question here) What about different amp sims that need different input levels from the Direct Signal? For example, one amp sim I might need to turn up the gain on my interface to get it to the right dB level, and for another amp sim I might need to turn down the gain on my interface because it’s clipping. Any input here would be appreciated 🤙
Almost all plug-ins have a master volume for input and output near the top or bottom of the plugin. Toy with those until you get the desired volume. Some plug-ins have an auto-detection on the input that'll do this for you (STL amphub and Lasse Lammert vst's do for me).
As a non guitarist trying starting to play some metal guitar, I learned that I put way too much distortion on the signal. The moment I started double/quadruple tracking, I turned the distortion WAY down and it sounded so much better.
I’ve been recording professionally since 1999, and this is absolute gold! Good on you man for helping everybody make their best music and cutting out all the bull$hit! 🤘🎸🎸🤘
@@VEV-cu6no Simply buying a set of studio monitors doesn't automatically mean that you can trust what you're hearing. There's a bunch of things involved that this video doesn't mention at all and therefore makes it misleading. Unless you're sitting in a treated room built by someone who knows at least a little bit what he's doing you're better off buying a pair of some decent headphones. I'm not saying the whole video is a lie, there's some really good info for someone who has no clue what he's doing but the bit about the monitors is just plain wrong (also putting the monitors on your desk is a pretty bad idea too)
Solid tips, thanks for making this. I’ve struggled as a beginner with all of the things you mention. Great to hear your expanded thoughts on these common mistakes in such a clear and practical way. And also your teaching style is very enjoyable. 🙏
Since I'm binging all your videos until you can go back to normal, I'd love to see a tutorial on, as you called it, advanced impulse mixing. Sending you all the good energy possible!
I went to school for audio production and listening to Glenn talk for 5 minutes on any random audio topic is probably more valuable than everything I learned.
Woohoo, dual/quad tracking acknowledgement! Hell yeah, Glenn. One of the most important steps to really make your guitars mighty. That's also where learning to take it easy with the gain really matters. That shit stacks soooo fast.
I love how informative your videos are. I also love how honest and raw you are, some of the genuine experiences you relay just make us all feel less stupid and your delivery is hysterical. Useful and fun ... that is how I'd describe your channel.
Thank you for the video. All was very practical advice... and important stuff. One thing, though. As of literal years prior to this video, PC doesn't require usb for a phone to tx data back and forth.
Damn I forgot about this channel and just joined to check how Glenn is doing and damn, you present the information the way I would've never imagined to hear before. The value of the videos went way up. Respect.
You've only ever improved in content since I first saw your channel years ago, love it. Thanks for the valuable experience, as a hobbyist home producer, I really appreciate this video that I did not have to pay for. This is valuable information, and you deserve credit for it. Thank you.
In reference to bad levels, theres been some recent developments. The amp sims are made at a specific input level and the closer you match to the input level the more close the amp will sound to the model. Often turning up the gain on your interface is the same as putting a boost in front. For the motu for example its has a DI of 16db, and neural amp sims are recorded at around 10db, so you only want to add 6db gain to match the input levels. With scarlette you should have the input gain on 0 to match the input level on neuraldsp plugins. Theres spreadsheets available for popular sims and interfaces so you can match your gain level accurately. Things like guitar rig preset a challenge to match input levels as often there amps are set to different input levels. Of course if it sounds good to you, it sounds good and thats all that matters really but if you want to get the most accurate response and tone for the given amp sim its best to match the levels it was made at.
This is just over complicating a simple thing. Just make sure your interface isn't clipping and adjust the input level to amp sim from pre-fader. Really. No need to figure out the optimal gain in interface, when you can set the proper level from pre-fader which has far more headroom. Sure, you still need to know the desired input level for each amp sim.
I’ve just discovered your channel, and wow! It’s absolutely brilliant!! Your advice is spot on, thank you for making these videos and giving us free access to them!
Thank you for taking the time to do this Glenn, I'm at a really early stage in my home recording journey if I can put it that way. This information is all absolute gold. I shall put this in my home recording playlist and rewatch it a few more times with Reaper open and look up the Bogren Amp Knob too. Honestly grateful for this, it's spot on 👍
As someone who plays guitar AND has done Orchresta music pieces inside FL Studio, a lot of this I already knew, and some of it was either new to me, or a good reminder how to mix. The best tip I EVER got from a Live Sound Engineer was "If you can hear xyz, turn the rest of the mix down until you can hear everything". It's so simple, but so drastically important and useful. First time seeing your video, good stuff.
this was very helpful. I am literally just dipping into recording music and the fear of the things i dont know is really stressing me out but this put me at ease.
This was excellent Glenn. I'm still very much a beginner when it comes to creating tracks and taking baby steps. I already heard the difference between double tracking with wide separation and copy/paste, but those other tips like knowing when to boost/cut dBs to "fool" the ears and create space is like the special engineer sauce.
Instead of dropping the whole rhythm buss during a solo, automating an upper-mid EQ band down on the rhythms can keep them chunky, but make more space for the shred, just in case a wholesale volume drop in the rhythm guitars doesn't work in the mix.
#11 - creating space A trick I saw was put a limiter on your rhythm bus. Lower the ceiling 2db and have it bypassed for the whole song. Just automate it active for wherever the solo/lead section is. Seems to have a similar effect and is faster than manually automating the volume levels.
You can also just side-chain a compressor. It's called "ducking" and it's really effective. Getting the hang of setting it up takes some practice, but once you get it, you get it.
Why should you use a limiter and not a sidechain compressor? The way a limiter works is that it usually nukes any peaks in the audio signal while keeping its RMS level almost the same, so it'd remove any microdynamics on the rythm guitar while hardly creating any space
There's nothing like hearing the same information for the last 15 years, only to have it reiterated again, yet have it stick better than ever when you scream it at me. A solid foundation is always refreshing to hear when we've gotten comfortable doing the wrong thing for a while. Thanks for sharing your knowledge.
Personally, I´ve found always EVERY amp simp kinda "artificial", no matter how much time I spent tickling their knobs. I readed in a guitar magazine an interview with Whitesnake´s Doug Aldrich, and he quoted he recorded all his guitars at home, then went to the studio, connected his PC or laptop to a real amp and voila! So, I took the idea, recorded everything with an amp sim, then connected one computer to a solid state amp with a "sterile" and clean sound, put 2 mics in front of the speaker and recorded these signals to another computer´s DAW (REAPER). Did the same thing with the bass and the results wer - to my ears - far much pleasant.
Thats called "reamping". Quite a popular technique. However, the original problem you were having with "all amp sims" sounds to me like you were missing the second half of the digital chain: good cab sim IRs. Feeding ONLY an amp sim through studio monitors/headphones will always sound artificial/sterile. Basically a skill issue, not the technologys fault. Good amp modeling with good cab IRs is indistinguishable from the "real thing" these days, but you have to know HOW to use it.
@17Codiferus ...... But for instance, AmpliTube, TH-U or Kuassa they come with a dedicated Cab sim section. ..... . .. . . I tried to bypass it and adding at the end of the chain a IR loader like Libra and it wasn't 100% convincing to my ears. Another solution was duplicate or triplicate the guitar track, assign each one a different amp sim, panning them and I liked the results obtained.
I will add that turning down the rhythm instead of turning up the solo actually never occurred to me and hearing this right now actually solved a mystery for me. One of those important little things that just never clicked for some reason.
@@Robmars83 so many sound engineering related things are borderline counter intuitive, and you would never think to do unless you tried it and figured out why it wasn't working. The quote in the video fits perfectly "you have to start thinking like an audio engineer, and not like a guitar player."
Glenn you always bring so much knowledge to the table with great satire! I recently switched from using Logic Pro to using reaper (because my Mac is getting older and can’t handle some of the newer stuff) so I built a custom PC and loaded reaper and started over with the learning curve. Your videos have really helped so thank you!
If there is an award for useful content, I would give it to this video! This is a gift to the metal community! Thank you to the whole team, you are helping in a major way!
Tone chasing instead of writing. Endlessly sifting through countless IRs and sims just trying to get something that'll sit right in the mix. Drums and bass take maybe half an hour to get a decent sound, but the guitar tone always ends up with hours of tweaking just to get something to vibe with.
Great tips. I'm still trying to put a workflow together. I'm working past the 'throwing a bunch of stuff in and hoping for the best' stage. Videos like this have been a huge help. Thank you.
When listening to your mix on your phone, keep in mind that nearly all phones highpass the sound output (even in bluetooth earplugs) quite severely. By all means make sure the music sounds good there since chances are people will be listening to it there, but don't increase the bass to the same levels you heard in our studio headset through your audio interface.
Remember kids: Mixing is not a static blend.. it is a dynamic flow determined by the context of the song. Movement in the mix can even make a looped track sound interesting.
I tend to use modiulation effects to accent or create movement in a part that drones a bit. Also use fuzzes for that same reason, if the note is going to be hit and ring out more than a few seconds, use a fuzz and or HM2 to accentuate and add movement of breakup to the drone notes, turn it off and tighten the low end back up for more articulation. I also put a Haunting Mids Paramertric EQ after my Drive (EQD Plumes, 3 drives in one) to accentuate mids and pick attack like a fucking katana blade. It has a low or hi mids switch too which is helpfull for low tuning and bass.
Hey Glenn! A band I’m in just recently started trying to get recorded and we are using primarily amp sims for it (saving for a real rig) so this was masterfully timed, thanks!
I don't even like metal music , but your presentation was so compelling . I got a lot of useful information out of this video ! The examples were perfect , I got the point just by listening to those examples ! Very well done and entertaining , I didn't even feel those 23 minutes go by ! Thank you !
It might be a good thing that your mixes don't sound like any of the records you have been hearing in the last twenty odd years. We don't need any more over-compressed garbage. We don't need everything quantised up the wazoo. We don't need every vocal auto-tuned to Hell. And we don't need every metal band trying to sound identical to each other. We do need mixes of bands that have proper songs that they have played out live, and even better, toured with.
The Kali LP8s were a game changer compared to my former rear ported/passive Alesis monitors, which I sold and made up over half the investment for the Kali cans! Albeit they may be slight overkill in my 2 bedroom apartment, but with the addition of solid stands w/ foam isolation pads, and some DIY sound treatment? I'm experiencing results that are leaps and bounds above what I was getting prior!
I just wanted to put my vote in for wanting an advanced video on impulse responses. I have a Two Notes Torpedo Reload and I'm combining that with my Marshall heads and Two Notes Wall of Sound plugin. I would be grateful for any videos on how to be use and combine IRs to craft a good guitar tone. To be honest, I feel like using modern recording technology is a little over my head. Any video content is always much appreciated. Thanks, Glenn. Praise Crom!
I'm a classic rock/funk guy and even though you focus on metal, all your tips have helped me get to that next level so much easier. Thank you for all these amazing videos, you're a true hero to the working class solo musician. I'd love to see how you would record a funk/blues album, you the man!
Your the Scotty Kilmer of Guitar. i thought the start was a pre vid ad, the production is that good. thanks dude, i gotta get to work on basically every step there
Great common sense video! Some times I hate my guitar tone solo but it sounds great in the mix. I am learning it is about the finished piece as a whole. I write more in a hard rock\classic style so which of those three amp plug ins do you suggest? I promise to leave it alone! Your a complete nut,I love ya!
Best videos on RUclips period , you put this video out and have real world experiences and don’t hide behind oh I have some suggestions for you but pay to see more been in the music industry for twenty years and love all your videos rock on 🤘
Thank you for getting back on track with audio stuff and away from the whole Gibson thing. As a long time subscriber I appreciate it. Almost didn’t come back to your videos.
Hey Glen, I would highly recommend updating your VSX software to the (just released) version 4. I'd be curious to see if you find the new binaural processing more true to life than the previous. (It is also possible to to click on the numbers where it will say Speaker Version 4.0 in order to a/b against the version 3 sound).
It's incredible that one person can be incredibly informative and equally incredibly irritating at the same time. Great job! I'll be back for more after my headache subsides.
One of the best videos I have seen in the subject! Even though I know about some of the points, I still learned something from each point. I am curious on how fading would work when using JST MAXIMIZER?
Man... Thank you. I have learned more from you in 20 minutes than in countless hours of browsing, trying to get the sound right... You say it all when you say "stop thinking like a guitarist and start thinking like an engineer" and "you have to put in the time". Your advice about do's and dont's is priceless (it makes me feel a bit dumb, which means that "ohhhh - I have so much to learn...) One request: would you make a video on using Reaper? or would you suggest any videos out there regarding reaper? Thanks heaps.
ooh hey I needed this video like over a year ago, but I am glad it exists now. The most helpful part of this video for me was to double track. I didn't know how to do that, and literally thought just copy/paste was the method you were suppose to do. I feel really dumb now, and didn't understand how that method was helpful so I stopped doing it. Now I know better.
Honest question here, why get a reamp box? If you are already working inside the box, if you have your gutiar plugged in directly to the audio interface why not just route the guitar into different channels with an amp simulator in each channel? You can change each sound and do it on the fly. Now, resources intensive? Yup, it is. Do I work like that? Nope, I would run a standalone amp simulator and route the audio using pipewire as an audio server and a graphical interface for wireplumber called qpwgraph to and from the amp simulator into a channel in ardour. It has a similar routing matrix as Reaper. I can even route audio from the web browser to the DAW and then route all the audio of the DAW to zoom or whatever.
Holy sh*t Glen, I have been working at this since I bought my fostex x15 four track in 1985. Super happy you are here to help. So many things to learn. Cheers and thanks! Mk
I work with my guitars same fashion as you! And I go a little bit further than that: to create my tones, I play with mic levels (my VST -and most of them- allows me to select mics) so instead of using bunch of effects and processes such eq and that crap, just knowing the response curve of each mic, and playing with the sliders, I get the tone I want
Well, I know what I'm doing tomorrow. Deleting my entire mix and starting again 😂 I am definitely suffering from an overly complicated amp sim set up. Nice one dude!!
You know, most of what you discuss has no applicability for me (I am not an audio engineer or musician), but I still enjoy your videos greatly. Thank you for them.
Simply awesome ... and I am not even into metal myself at all, but all of this is so plausible ... and above of the substance in the explanations, I am freak'n entertained to listen and watch ... cool stuff ... THANK YOU !!!
I am really no fan of metal music but, this part comedy routine/part tutorial is brillaint and full of real tips for any genre. Love the energy of the presentation...cheers!
I cant express enough how much I enjoyed this video... great energy. Thanks I got some tips that I never heard before and so easy, why we always overcomplicate stuff while recording (maybe experience)
Love the LP8s…glad to hear you endorse them. I just wanted more low end and I knew you recommended the LP5s…but wasn’t sure if the 8s were…you know…as good
Great tips, Glenn! I used to send all guitars to the same bus, but it MIGHT be good to have different buses for different parts. Maybe bus L and bus R, plus bus solo...
Respect for putting a whole awesome tutorial online for free. This is the kind of stuff most people give the first 2 minutes for free then hide the rest behind a paywall. This is the best tutorial I've ever watched on this
He’s got a discord server as well with a pretty cool community that’s down to help out and chat
I know what you mean by people baiting you with a peak but this isn't exactly hidden gems. He's just able to keep you interested for long videos.
The paywall are the dozens of ads 😁
I only watched 39 seconds 😂🤣
You said what I wanted to say, only better.
I went a long time without realizing how much of a difference a cable can make. It seems like the simplest, easiest thing about your setup, so I never thought it mattered what cables I was using. It's a wire wrapped in plastic with a jack at the end, how much of a difference could a more expensive one possibly make? It just seemed like a waste of money to me, so I stuck with using the cheap no-name brand ones that came free with other gear I bought. In all my months of searching for answers on how to rid myself of buzzing and humming in my sound, not one dickhead on RUclips ever bothered to mention the cables, instead going on about pickups and grounding and pedal chains.
Eventually I got some Ernie Ball ones for free, and upon plugging them in it became abundantly clear how my shitty cables were contributing to my noise woes.
"you had to get creative and you created a problem" might be the best piece of reality check i've received in all these years from this channel
Why does this guy sound like he could do voice acting for a Borderlands character?
Probably been hanging with Mr. Torgue 😅
Holy shit. 😂😂😂😂😂😂 🔥
Reminds me of Scotty Kilmer, but with guitars
He is a Borderlands character
he’s one of them there Canadian metal heads
I used to have a problem with making my guitar tracks too loud, but its because I didn't realise how much of what I thought was the guitar tones in mixes are actually the bass. Bass honestly adds so much to a track that a lot of people just don't realise.
Yeah it's a good idea to set a low pass filter on the bass tracks just to keep it on the lower end. Bass can have quite a bit of mid.
@TheTiredHorizon You can, but it can become more of a problem the lower you are tuning with your guitar, and the darker the tone you are aiming for.
And the bass on guitar
[Insert '...And Justice For All' joke here]
@@Molotov_MilkshakeNoo... Don't cut bass mids out. That's what makes the great bass sound.
I am re-watching your videos and watching ones I haven't. I am praying for your wife's recovery. That cord is about the coolest thing ever. I am glad you're telling people about this stuff. It's about making music, how things sound. It isn't about the name on your guitars headstock, it's about how the guitar plays and sounds.
The point about how a guitar sounds in a mix is super important. It's something people who play live need to think about as well.
I wish this video had come out 5 years ago. Learned 80% of this the hard way through tears. Happy to have learned the remaining 20% now. Thank you! Please make something for side chain compression and "making space with eq"
Anyone reading this : buy neural dsp plugins. They have amazing default settings and presets and you won't have to worry about the ampknobesque issues like fucking up your own tone.
Here’s exactly what your looking for! ruclips.net/video/Mc8W-cSkZHo/видео.html
Thank you for dropping pure gold on us this week! The most helpful video I have run into for tracking amp sims/recording DI guitars by far. Truly appreciate it! [Resists urge to tweak parameters on AmpKnob.]
Glenn, thank you for all your work. I'm a father of a 9-year-old kid (from Slovenia) who plays drums, electric guitar, bass and in (official) music school classic guitar. I didn't know anything connected to this music world. But I was watching your Channel for quite some time now and learned a lot, so I can help my kid practice and jamm efficiently and make informed buying choses. On your recommendation I bought studio monitors Kali audio IN-8 2nd Wave, Tonex pedal (before you did the review, so he can play on stage), he was playing amplitude 5 before that.
When I talk with his teachers they thought that I'm very knowledgeable with years of experience in DOWs, Amp Sims, production and recording. We laughed when I explained to them I'm a newbie but I learned a lot from your Channel and some others and of course recommended your Channel to them.
Result is that my kid can practise his instruments efficiently with great sound and have recordings to show to his friends and family and I can help him when he performs on stage (roadie) .
For his end school year project he chose to play all the instruments (drums, electric guitar and bass) in a song Toxicity from System of a Down. He succeeded, even though as usual in this kind of production, where there is no individual soundcheck he couldn't hear the monitors in the beginning (can send you links on email). So thank you a lot!!! Keep a good work and Fuckkkkkk you Glenn
I wish they had schools like that in the States. Schools with proper music based courses are rare and the specialty schools are expensive and all Classical and Jazz based. We are not #1, other than in gun violence and incarceration per capita, free my ass! I want to move to Sweden or Denmark myself. However Europe is less safe than it was, I hope for your sake Putin is stopped and doesn't end up at your front door too. Slava Ukraine! Stay Safe in Slovenia, even though I have a higher chance of being in a mass shooting😅
I have a feeling I am older than you, but I wish I had a dad like you as a kid, I tried to teach my now 21 yr old son, but his Schizophrenia and other issues kinda made it impossible. I started him at like age 6 too, never wanted to listen just kinda make noise. Made him a giant Bass/Guitar pedalboard and got him guitars basses and other instruments. Could be in a band like HammerHedd by now, I was gigging back in like 94 at age 15 and he could have been better than me. It sucks, but I am glad your son has the right kind of father to be a musician...He's lucky to have you Dad!
😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊
Awesome! I'm so glad I could be helpful!
You sir, are an exceptional father with how supportive you are of your son's hobbies and if he's that talented possible future career.
Keep it up!!!
The Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 is great. Been using mine for 3 years, now. Easy to use, durable and reliable.
Another trick for latency issues is to just get a DI box and split and send your guitar signal into any physical guitar amp to use as a monitor. That's how I usually track at home.
Or use the direct monitor on your interface
❤😂😂 ir stacking is a magic button lmao
I do something similar, I use the direct out on my guitar amp into my interface than reamp in my DAW
Get a ABC pedal.
@@insederec Sometimes I will use the headphone monitor out directly into a guitar amp. Then plug a mic into the second input of the interface. Boom, you just turned your interface into a DI box. You'll end up with a DI tone left and a real amp right. Then switch your plugs and double track. Now you've got a DI and a real amp on each side. Quad tracking has never been easier.
This is a home-run tutorial that will absolutely help a lot of people get started on the right foot. The number of technical details that a newbie musician confronts are daunting, and you've shown the clear AND NARROW path to recording success. :) Incredible work - RESPECT!!
It helped me quite a bit actually. I hadn't played regularly since 2008 so getting back into it a couple years ago post divorce. I didn't really need to buy anything "just to play" as I never sold my gear. But after a year I decided to get into the digital realm and this helped. It wasn't so big 15 years ago.
In regards to #11, I have my own way to counteract this.
My method is to prioritizing the things I can't play, and that balances out my automatic impulse of mixing like a guitar player. I always make sure I can hear the rhythm section just like on my favorite records.
My guitar player friends are really caught off guard by this and think the guitars in all my mixes are way too quiet, but to them "way too quiet" is to me "giving the drums and bass the presence they need". In some of my tracks when I combine heavy guitars with various synths I really underpower the rhythm guitars, put them as a low background thing and let the synths overpower them :)
Hi Glenn (loud guy),
About that silent jack (plug), since I started playing guitar(1962) I learned very quickly to plug the guitar in first, THEN plug into the amp.
Mixing tip --- Since I've been recording (1961) I always mix in mono, last step, adjust your pan pots for the stereo blend that you like.
I still mix that way, it's what I know, since back in the day we had NO stereo, it was an up and coming gimmick.
This may help someone.
Excellent post as always !
Bill P.
Another thing when recording with amp sims: Always record as a Direct signal, and don't put the sim on the input effects section. If you hate the sound later, you'll have to re-record. Similar logic behind the 'pickups dont matter' argument applies here as well... if you use 'studio magic' techniques to clean up bad playing (quantizing, copypaste, pitch shifting, etc), the end recording sounds much more natural if you edit the DI before the sim than if you were to chop up an already amped signal.
After years of recording and editing djent-y guitars, I most definitely can confirm lol. Fix the DI, _then_ re-amp - it's always a better result.
(Noob question here) What about different amp sims that need different input levels from the Direct Signal? For example, one amp sim I might need to turn up the gain on my interface to get it to the right dB level, and for another amp sim I might need to turn down the gain on my interface because it’s clipping. Any input here would be appreciated 🤙
Almost all plug-ins have a master volume for input and output near the top or bottom of the plugin. Toy with those until you get the desired volume. Some plug-ins have an auto-detection on the input that'll do this for you (STL amphub and Lasse Lammert vst's do for me).
@@TheKeyOfAnarkh Awesome, thanks 🙏
how do you record as a direct signal
As a non guitarist trying starting to play some metal guitar, I learned that I put way too much distortion on the signal. The moment I started double/quadruple tracking, I turned the distortion WAY down and it sounded so much better.
I’ve been recording professionally since 1999, and this is absolute gold! Good on you man for helping everybody make their best music and cutting out all the bull$hit! 🤘🎸🎸🤘
Agreed, lots of key tips in a single video!
@@juandefelix mixed with some misleading info lmao
@@jankonopasek6534 yeah like what exactly?
@@jankonopasek6534typical yt troll, tells someone theyre wrong, then doesnt proceed to elaborate. How can we take you seriously
@@VEV-cu6no Simply buying a set of studio monitors doesn't automatically mean that you can trust what you're hearing. There's a bunch of things involved that this video doesn't mention at all and therefore makes it misleading. Unless you're sitting in a treated room built by someone who knows at least a little bit what he's doing you're better off buying a pair of some decent headphones. I'm not saying the whole video is a lie, there's some really good info for someone who has no clue what he's doing but the bit about the monitors is just plain wrong (also putting the monitors on your desk is a pretty bad idea too)
Solid tips, thanks for making this. I’ve struggled as a beginner with all of the things you mention. Great to hear your expanded thoughts on these common mistakes in such a clear and practical way. And also your teaching style is very enjoyable. 🙏
Been really digging the "13 things..." videos! I might need to spend the next few days watching the whole playlist 24/7 just to digest it all...
Since I'm binging all your videos until you can go back to normal, I'd love to see a tutorial on, as you called it, advanced impulse mixing. Sending you all the good energy possible!
You’re the only guy I’ve found to fix my latency issue. No one else in any video I watched talked about downloading that asio driver
I went to school for audio production and listening to Glenn talk for 5 minutes on any random audio topic is probably more valuable than everything I learned.
Thanks for all those tips, really helpful. Hope everything is going well in this hard time, sending good vibe your way.
Woohoo, dual/quad tracking acknowledgement! Hell yeah, Glenn. One of the most important steps to really make your guitars mighty. That's also where learning to take it easy with the gain really matters. That shit stacks soooo fast.
I’ve been rewatching some of these videos I haven’t seen in a while. Excellent refresher! Hope all is well, Glenn. Merry Christmas
I love how informative your videos are. I also love how honest and raw you are, some of the genuine experiences you relay just make us all feel less stupid and your delivery is hysterical. Useful and fun ... that is how I'd describe your channel.
Thank you for the video. All was very practical advice... and important stuff. One thing, though. As of literal years prior to this video, PC doesn't require usb for a phone to tx data back and forth.
Damn I forgot about this channel and just joined to check how Glenn is doing and damn, you present the information the way I would've never imagined to hear before. The value of the videos went way up. Respect.
You've only ever improved in content since I first saw your channel years ago, love it. Thanks for the valuable experience, as a hobbyist home producer, I really appreciate this video that I did not have to pay for. This is valuable information, and you deserve credit for it. Thank you.
In reference to bad levels, theres been some recent developments. The amp sims are made at a specific input level and the closer you match to the input level the more close the amp will sound to the model. Often turning up the gain on your interface is the same as putting a boost in front. For the motu for example its has a DI of 16db, and neural amp sims are recorded at around 10db, so you only want to add 6db gain to match the input levels. With scarlette you should have the input gain on 0 to match the input level on neuraldsp plugins. Theres spreadsheets available for popular sims and interfaces so you can match your gain level accurately.
Things like guitar rig preset a challenge to match input levels as often there amps are set to different input levels.
Of course if it sounds good to you, it sounds good and thats all that matters really but if you want to get the most accurate response and tone for the given amp sim its best to match the levels it was made at.
This is just over complicating a simple thing. Just make sure your interface isn't clipping and adjust the input level to amp sim from pre-fader. Really. No need to figure out the optimal gain in interface, when you can set the proper level from pre-fader which has far more headroom. Sure, you still need to know the desired input level for each amp sim.
I’ve just discovered your channel, and wow! It’s absolutely brilliant!! Your advice is spot on, thank you for making these videos and giving us free access to them!
Thank you for taking the time to do this Glenn, I'm at a really early stage in my home recording journey if I can put it that way. This information is all absolute gold. I shall put this in my home recording playlist and rewatch it a few more times with Reaper open and look up the Bogren Amp Knob too. Honestly grateful for this, it's spot on 👍
As someone who plays guitar AND has done Orchresta music pieces inside FL Studio, a lot of this I already knew, and some of it was either new to me, or a good reminder how to mix. The best tip I EVER got from a Live Sound Engineer was "If you can hear xyz, turn the rest of the mix down until you can hear everything". It's so simple, but so drastically important and useful. First time seeing your video, good stuff.
“Let’s assume you actually read the fucking manual for once in your life”
😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
As an Arch Linux user, this comment is way funnier than the average bear lmao
If you get it, you get it
this was very helpful. I am literally just dipping into recording music and the fear of the things i dont know is really stressing me out but this put me at ease.
This was excellent Glenn. I'm still very much a beginner when it comes to creating tracks and taking baby steps. I already heard the difference between double tracking with wide separation and copy/paste, but those other tips like knowing when to boost/cut dBs to "fool" the ears and create space is like the special engineer sauce.
I liked where you explained in detail how to turn down guitar tracks so even I, a guitarist, will get it.
Instead of dropping the whole rhythm buss during a solo, automating an upper-mid EQ band down on the rhythms can keep them chunky, but make more space for the shred, just in case a wholesale volume drop in the rhythm guitars doesn't work in the mix.
Dude thank you! I got my Focusrite, kali speakers and reaper and haven’t been disappointed! You are the best
#11 - creating space
A trick I saw was put a limiter on your rhythm bus. Lower the ceiling 2db and have it bypassed for the whole song. Just automate it active for wherever the solo/lead section is. Seems to have a similar effect and is faster than manually automating the volume levels.
I'll try that!
You can also just side-chain a compressor. It's called "ducking" and it's really effective. Getting the hang of setting it up takes some practice, but once you get it, you get it.
"Manually automating"
What??
@@Molotov_Milkshake what what? Manually setting the automation will be slower.
Why should you use a limiter and not a sidechain compressor? The way a limiter works is that it usually nukes any peaks in the audio signal while keeping its RMS level almost the same, so it'd remove any microdynamics on the rythm guitar while hardly creating any space
Hey, Glenn! Yes, please do the video on advanced impulse mixing!
thank you Glenn, you're one of the few voices of reason and sanity on this community
Being Scientifically literate and 50 years of wisodom does that😆
Probably my favorite video from Spectresound. Thanks Glenn.
You’re welcome!
There's nothing like hearing the same information for the last 15 years, only to have it reiterated again, yet have it stick better than ever when you scream it at me.
A solid foundation is always refreshing to hear when we've gotten comfortable doing the wrong thing for a while. Thanks for sharing your knowledge.
Happy to help!
Personally, I´ve found always EVERY amp simp kinda "artificial", no matter how much time I spent tickling their knobs. I readed in a guitar magazine an interview with Whitesnake´s Doug Aldrich, and he quoted he recorded all his guitars at home, then went to the studio, connected his PC or laptop to a real amp and voila! So, I took the idea, recorded everything with an amp sim, then connected one computer to a solid state amp with a "sterile" and clean sound, put 2 mics in front of the speaker and recorded these signals to another computer´s DAW (REAPER). Did the same thing with the bass and the results wer - to my ears - far much pleasant.
Thats called "reamping". Quite a popular technique.
However, the original problem you were having with "all amp sims" sounds to me like you were missing the second half of the digital chain: good cab sim IRs. Feeding ONLY an amp sim through studio monitors/headphones will always sound artificial/sterile. Basically a skill issue, not the technologys fault. Good amp modeling with good cab IRs is indistinguishable from the "real thing" these days, but you have to know HOW to use it.
@17Codiferus ...... But for instance, AmpliTube, TH-U or Kuassa they come with a dedicated Cab sim section. ..... . .. . . I tried to bypass it and adding at the end of the chain a IR loader like Libra and it wasn't 100% convincing to my ears. Another solution was duplicate or triplicate the guitar track, assign each one a different amp sim, panning them and I liked the results obtained.
@@SidAlienTVyou were playing through an amp without a cabinet lol
@Zachodd ?
awesome video!! that trick of ducking rhythms during a solo was exactly what I needed.
This is thousands of dollars and eons of time's worth of information condensed into 22:57.
I will add that turning down the rhythm instead of turning up the solo actually never occurred to me and hearing this right now actually solved a mystery for me. One of those important little things that just never clicked for some reason.
I was dumb enough to tap on that time stamp 😅
@@Robmars83 so many sound engineering related things are borderline counter intuitive, and you would never think to do unless you tried it and figured out why it wasn't working. The quote in the video fits perfectly "you have to start thinking like an audio engineer, and not like a guitar player."
You should set your guitar to about -12dB, not as it shown here 9:03
Glenn you always bring so much knowledge to the table with great satire! I recently switched from using Logic Pro to using reaper (because my Mac is getting older and can’t handle some of the newer stuff) so I built a custom PC and loaded reaper and started over with the learning curve. Your videos have really helped so thank you!
If there is an award for useful content, I would give it to this video! This is a gift to the metal community! Thank you to the whole team, you are helping in a major way!
Dude. Please don't stop making videos. They're so good.
What’s the most frustrating thing you’re dealing with when trying to record?
my shitty gear (and probably my shitty bedroom guitarist skills )
The kids
Tone chasing instead of writing. Endlessly sifting through countless IRs and sims just trying to get something that'll sit right in the mix. Drums and bass take maybe half an hour to get a decent sound, but the guitar tone always ends up with hours of tweaking just to get something to vibe with.
My inability to play anything but Smoke on the Water
i'm new in this whole guitar and especially guitar recording thing so even holding the thing itself properly is already a challenge k
Great tips. I'm still trying to put a workflow together. I'm working past the 'throwing a bunch of stuff in and hoping for the best' stage.
Videos like this have been a huge help. Thank you.
When listening to your mix on your phone, keep in mind that nearly all phones highpass the sound output (even in bluetooth earplugs) quite severely. By all means make sure the music sounds good there since chances are people will be listening to it there, but don't increase the bass to the same levels you heard in our studio headset through your audio interface.
Who the hell listens to a mix on a phone? I mean, aside from the clowns on Soundcloud and Slaps.
@@Molotov_Milkshake well it was mentioned as an example of real world scenarios in the video. I commented on that.
@@larsinthewoods yeah, true, but it just blows my mind.
@@Molotov_MilkshakeI do, frequently. I use my phone speakers for music at my day gig all the time, so I'm used to how they sound.
@@Molotov_Milkshakethe Normies unfortunately
I'm curious about the song that was being used in the video? It has a nice catchy riff man 🤘🤘
Man this Bogren Amp Knob is great!
😂
Seriously I bought it Yesterday. This is the amp sim code cracker it’s amazing.
I would absolutely love to have an advanced IR tutorial - I've been experimenting with some ideas on my own, but would love to see how you're doing it
Remember kids: Mixing is not a static blend.. it is a dynamic flow determined by the context of the song.
Movement in the mix can even make a looped track sound interesting.
This right here. The modern production techniques like those Glenn uses and tries to teach do not take this into account.
@@AMSOfficial79 nobody takes him seriously
@@PanekPL cry more, Mr 188 subs.
@@Molotov_Milkshake I'm not a RUclipsr idiot
I tend to use modiulation effects to accent or create movement in a part that drones a bit. Also use fuzzes for that same reason, if the note is going to be hit and ring out more than a few seconds, use a fuzz and or HM2 to accentuate and add movement of breakup to the drone notes, turn it off and tighten the low end back up for more articulation. I also put a Haunting Mids Paramertric EQ after my Drive (EQD Plumes, 3 drives in one) to accentuate mids and pick attack like a fucking katana blade. It has a low or hi mids switch too which is helpfull for low tuning and bass.
Wow Glen, those harmony leads at 20:13 sound friggn Hot as Hell!!! Bravo...great info for the beginner for sure. 💥🤘💥🤘😎🎸✨️
Hey Glenn! A band I’m in just recently started trying to get recorded and we are using primarily amp sims for it (saving for a real rig) so this was masterfully timed, thanks!
I don't even like metal music , but your presentation was so compelling . I got a lot of useful information out of this video ! The examples were perfect , I got the point just by listening to those examples ! Very well done and entertaining , I didn't even feel those 23 minutes go by ! Thank you !
love your videos
Just found your channel, and it is a gold mine of useful information! Keep up the good work!
It might be a good thing that your mixes don't sound like any of the records you have been hearing in the last twenty odd years.
We don't need any more over-compressed garbage.
We don't need everything quantised up the wazoo.
We don't need every vocal auto-tuned to Hell.
And we don't need every metal band trying to sound identical to each other.
We do need mixes of bands that have proper songs that they have played out live, and even better, toured with.
Touring is increasingly expensive, I agree with all of your points, the homogeneous ubiquity has all become a bit much.
Thanks
Almost 50% of Spectre Sound viewers are NOT subsribed. I need your help to grow this channel! Please hit the Subscribe button!
The Kali LP8s were a game changer compared to my former rear ported/passive Alesis monitors, which I sold and made up over half the investment for the Kali cans!
Albeit they may be slight overkill in my 2 bedroom apartment, but with the addition of solid stands w/ foam isolation pads, and some DIY sound treatment? I'm experiencing results that are leaps and bounds above what I was getting prior!
I just wanted to put my vote in for wanting an advanced video on impulse responses. I have a Two Notes Torpedo Reload and I'm combining that with my Marshall heads and Two Notes Wall of Sound plugin. I would be grateful for any videos on how to be use and combine IRs to craft a good guitar tone. To be honest, I feel like using modern recording technology is a little over my head. Any video content is always much appreciated. Thanks, Glenn. Praise Crom!
"Bass players, please have your mommy explain the big words to you." Hahahahahahahaha! I just spit my coffee all over my laptop!!!
I'm a classic rock/funk guy and even though you focus on metal, all your tips have helped me get to that next level so much easier. Thank you for all these amazing videos, you're a true hero to the working class solo musician. I'd love to see how you would record a funk/blues album, you the man!
I miss the pre click bait era of RUclips and the greater internet so much.
3 years on, and it's so much worse.
You don't like someone selling you sponsored products?
Your the Scotty Kilmer of Guitar. i thought the start was a pre vid ad, the production is that good. thanks dude, i gotta get to work on basically every step there
I feel like I owe him money with how much I just learned. 😂
Just create a good mix lol it's all he ever wants.
His videos are great
Great common sense video! Some times I hate my guitar tone solo but it sounds great in the mix. I am learning it is about the finished piece as a whole. I write more in a hard rock\classic style so which of those three amp plug ins do you suggest? I promise to leave it alone! Your a complete nut,I love ya!
So I watched a yelling clown making ads for 8 minutes straight then leaved
So true 👊🏻
Why did you stare in the mirror that long?
Leaved ?
@@onemancarnage typo left
@@cronobactersakazakii5133 but then you camed back.
edit: and you're right. I made it only 3 and a half minutes before I'm leaveding.
Best videos on RUclips period , you put this video out and have real world experiences and don’t hide behind oh I have some suggestions for you but pay to see more been in the music industry for twenty years and love all your videos rock on 🤘
Thank you for getting back on track with audio stuff and away from the whole Gibson thing. As a long time subscriber I appreciate it. Almost didn’t come back to your videos.
Hey Glen, I would highly recommend updating your VSX software to the (just released) version 4.
I'd be curious to see if you find the new binaural processing more true to life than the previous.
(It is also possible to to click on the numbers where it will say Speaker Version 4.0 in order to a/b against the version 3 sound).
Hi Glenn amazing video what was the name of the channel that you showed with Double tracking with a ramp
Kickass Glenn. That trick for ducking the rhythm guitars for the solo is what I needed. You rock!
It's incredible that one person can be incredibly informative and equally incredibly irritating at the same time. Great job! I'll be back for more after my headache subsides.
I decided to try the 3-track method after seeing this video. The wonders it has worked are phenomenal. Thank you.
One of the best videos I have seen in the subject! Even though I know about some of the points, I still learned something from each point. I am curious on how fading would work when using JST MAXIMIZER?
Man... Thank you. I have learned more from you in 20 minutes than in countless hours of browsing, trying to get the sound right... You say it all when you say "stop thinking like a guitarist and start thinking like an engineer" and "you have to put in the time".
Your advice about do's and dont's is priceless (it makes me feel a bit dumb, which means that "ohhhh - I have so much to learn...)
One request: would you make a video on using Reaper? or would you suggest any videos out there regarding reaper?
Thanks heaps.
ooh hey I needed this video like over a year ago, but I am glad it exists now. The most helpful part of this video for me was to double track. I didn't know how to do that, and literally thought just copy/paste was the method you were suppose to do. I feel really dumb now, and didn't understand how that method was helpful so I stopped doing it. Now I know better.
Absolutely beautiful video tutorial!! So concise and helpful 🙏
Honest question here, why get a reamp box?
If you are already working inside the box, if you have your gutiar plugged in directly to the audio interface why not just route the guitar into different channels with an amp simulator in each channel? You can change each sound and do it on the fly.
Now, resources intensive? Yup, it is.
Do I work like that? Nope, I would run a standalone amp simulator and route the audio using pipewire as an audio server and a graphical interface for wireplumber called qpwgraph to and from the amp simulator into a channel in ardour. It has a similar routing matrix as Reaper. I can even route audio from the web browser to the DAW and then route all the audio of the DAW to zoom or whatever.
Really enjoyed this video! Great tip about ducking down the rhythm guitars
Holy sh*t Glen, I have been working at this since I bought my fostex x15 four track in 1985. Super happy you are here to help. So many things to learn. Cheers and thanks!
Mk
I work with my guitars same fashion as you! And I go a little bit further than that: to create my tones, I play with mic levels (my VST -and most of them- allows me to select mics) so instead of using bunch of effects and processes such eq and that crap, just knowing the response curve of each mic, and playing with the sliders, I get the tone I want
This guy's energy kicks ass.
Well, I know what I'm doing tomorrow. Deleting my entire mix and starting again 😂
I am definitely suffering from an overly complicated amp sim set up. Nice one dude!!
this is one of the best videos about recording and production I watched EVER! I watched it like 10 times within 6 months :)
You know, most of what you discuss has no applicability for me (I am not an audio engineer or musician), but I still enjoy your videos greatly. Thank you for them.
Simply awesome ... and I am not even into metal myself at all, but all of this is so plausible ... and above of the substance in the explanations, I am freak'n entertained to listen and watch ... cool stuff ... THANK YOU !!!
You’re very welcome! Thanks for watching!
I like this guys energy. Can you do video about the ten commitments?
I am really no fan of metal music but, this part comedy routine/part tutorial is brillaint and full of real tips for any genre. Love the energy of the presentation...cheers!
This video ruled, stumbled across it while I've been researching how to mix and produce better tracks and hit the sweet spots of what I was missing.
I cant express enough how much I enjoyed this video... great energy. Thanks I got some tips that I never heard before and so easy, why we always overcomplicate stuff while recording (maybe experience)
Love the LP8s…glad to hear you endorse them. I just wanted more low end and I knew you recommended the LP5s…but wasn’t sure if the 8s were…you know…as good
Great tips, Glenn! I used to send all guitars to the same bus, but it MIGHT be good to have different buses for different parts. Maybe bus L and bus R, plus bus solo...