Software Testing Tutorial #12 - What is Unit Testing/Component Testing

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In this Software Testing Tutorial, we will learn what is unit testing or also known as component testing. Testing the smallest independent unit or component of software is known as Unit testing and mostly done by developers.
Once you integrate any of the components/units and test the combined part as one then that becomes component integration testing.
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**Software Testing Tutorial #12 - What is Unit Testing/Component Testing - Notes**
**Understanding Units in Real Life:**
- A unit is the smallest independently testable component within a larger system.
- Analogy: Consider manufacturing a car; a unit could be the wheel, which comprises elements like tire, rim, and bearings.
**Unit Testing in the Software World:**
- In software, a unit corresponds to the smallest testable building block of code.
- Example: A method that takes inputs and produces outputs without relying on other components is a unit.
- Isolation is key: Unit testing involves assessing individual methods or functions in isolation.
**Application in Complex Software:**
- In complex software like an e-commerce website, components like the login page consist of smaller units.
- Example: The username field, password field, and login button within the login page can be individual units.
**Zooming Out: High-Level Components:**
- Even high-level functionalities like checkout processes are composed of multiple units.
- Every unit adheres to the principle of independent testability and can be evaluated on its own.
**Developer's Role in Unit Testing:**
- Developers primarily handle unit testing during the software development lifecycle.
- They design unit tests as they craft code to ensure accuracy and reliability.
- Unit testing by developers reduces the likelihood of defects in the software.
**White Box Testing and Unit Testing:**
- White box testers with knowledge of code structures can collaborate with developers for unit testing.
- This collaboration bridges the gap between development and testing, contributing to software quality.
**Importance of Isolation:**
- The essence of unit testing lies in isolating units from external dependencies.
- This allows for rigorous scrutiny of each component's correctness and functionality.
**Wrapping Up:**
- Unit testing focuses on testing the smallest functional units or code components independently.
- It ensures code robustness and reliability, contributing to overall software functionality.
- Just as a car's smooth navigation depends on well-crafted wheels, software functionality relies on accurate unit testing.
**Conclusion:**
- Understanding unit testing is vital for software testers and developers.
- It ensures software reliability and quality by rigorously testing individual code units.

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