Never Before Seen Star System With an Exciting Habitable Zone Planet
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- Опубликовано: 25 май 2024
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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about another unusual star system we've never seen before
Links:
www.zooniverse.org/projects/n...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
Exomoons: • Potential Discovery of...
• Discovery of 6 New Exo...
• Rogue Planets Could Ha...
0:00 So many exoplanets!
1:10 How these planets are found
2:10 Discovered by Zooniverse volunteers
2:40 Strange new planet in the habitable zone
3:20 Additional discoveries
4:00 Archives uncover something else
4:50 Why this is strange
5:30 Habitable moons?
7:00 Additional discoveries
7:50 Conclusions
#exoplanet #milkyway #astronomy
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WOOO!!! Thank you for mentioning us over at Zooniverse. I am a volunteer for The Daily Minor Planet Survey, TESS Planet Hunters and SETI. I hope this video and future ones will bring in more volunteers, we are making excellent science.
Love the mention of zooniverse...anyone can join it
I love participating in projects on Zooniverse there's so much variety, I always find something I'm interested in and it's overall just a fun hobby
Thanks, I will take a look on it 😊
Yeah, you guys made a really amazing discovery here! Can’t wait to hear more from this system. Go Zooniverse 😊
Hello Wonderful Anton. Person here. Thanks again for keeping us all updated on some of the coolest science being discovered.
I was part of Zooniverse and helped discover an exoplanet. Very rewarding!
Great job!
I was a member, too, but I helped classify types of galaxies. I need to get back to the site and see what's going on.
@@mlpreiss Nice. I did that for a while, too.
You mean, a Planet. Nothing exo about it...
Man coming within 4 1/2 AU of a G-type with planets is crazy to think about. That would be absolutely terrifying.
No G2 star is ours big difference in fact Kepler found g2stars 50 perc more active so are sun is unusual see cool world's is our sun unusual
I can just sense David Kipping jumping with excitement at this. And so am I.
Although, considering this planet is a bit closer to the star than Earth and that moons around gas planets tend to get a lot of tidal heating AND every couple centuries another star comes swinging by, we shouldn't be too surprised if the moons of Percival are more Mustafar-like than Endor-like.
Your channel is my favorite to learn what's going on outside of our planet because you only report the truth. I don't want to hear BS just because it sounds good I only want to know the facts. Thank you so much for the work you do !
You'd expect the second star to disrupt the planets' orbits pretty quickly. Looking forward to seeing more about this system. Thanks, Anton.
Yes! With a second star circling "Jupiter close" every 230 years, how did either star form planets and even if so, how does either star keep any planets? These are STAR level masses entering the interiors of each other's solar systems. The Oort Clouds, the Kuiper Belts and all the planets of both stars would either be flung out of the systems or slowed in orbit to crash into the stars, wouldn't they? This is more than weird.
There's maths in the paper; the system is stable. Or to put it another way: the mutual orbit of these stars constrains possible inclinations and masses of the giant interior candidate planet "b".
@@gregdamario5808There are resonances and points of stability even within such a system. It is within those stable resonances that planets form. Consider how Pluto is able to stay inside the Solar System, even though its orbit crosses that of Neptune. This is possible because Pluto and Neptune are in resonance. Pluto and Neptune pass through the same space, but never at the same time. Whenever Pluto crosses Neptune's orbit, Neptune is on the far side of the Solar System. Something similar would happen in this star system. Whenever the second Sun comes barreling through, everything that sits near that orbital distance would be far away.
@@TanyaLairdCivil Right, I just realized, those planets and that second star would effectively act as counterweights, wouldn't they?
When the "three body problem" appears to have no real-world stable solutions, I am extremely surprised that a binary system can include one star having multiple planets, especially, as noted, when one star is in an extremely eccentric orbit that approaches the other star every 230 years.
Wow, what if there were several moons with life...possibly with very different forms of life on each moon. There may be an abundance of interesting findings on them. Excited to learn more🎉😊
The planet is shorter year, thus closer orbit than Earth, so would be warmer. Our Moon and even Mars are not large enough to keep water at that distance. So anything to have water would require a moon about Earth size to have water. Unlikely with a Neptune size planet to have a moon that large, unless captured. So most moons would be airless/waterless. Anton may have over hyped it.
Flux is 1.6 Earth. For reference, Venus gets 1.91.
The system might work better for science-fiction authors pondering similar systems as might get about the irradiance we get.
People living on a moon orbiting this warm Neptune would have regular day & night cycles, as well as big nights when it transits behind the planet.
They'd also get some really weird weather every two & a half centuries, as the second star of their binary system swings back through its perigee.
Which means they live on a Star Wars Hoth. And since they didn't evolve there, they're from elsewhere. Possibly they're a penal colony. The kind where they don't worry about locking people up because nothing makes it through the night.
Even if it is a sun sized star, distance of 4AU is not good enough to drastically heat up a planet which is around 1AU around. The additional energy would be around 1/16th increase. Given the second start is smaller, this value will further decrease. But it may stir up meteor showers of unbelievable magnitudes.
@rangaweerakkody165 Sorry I wasn't clear. I was actually thinking in terms of how the secondary star would affect the Coronal Dynamics of the primary.
I suspect that this would lead to quite an increase in Ultraviolet rays hitting the moon's stratosphere, as well as Solar Energetic Particles (from solar flares or even coronal mass ejections) agitating the magnetosphere of the Neptunian planet - both of which would do freaky things to the weather patterns of this hypothetical pseudo Earth-like moon.
I'm stupid, but I immediately thought this system is off the wall crazy. I am finding so many of these new discoveries unbelievable. Thanks, Anton, for making it real.
When Anton was describing the system I was like, okay, mini-neptune, okay, hot jupiter, so what makes this system spec--wait what the fuck, it's a binary that gets THAT close and the planets didn't get thrown out?
Really interesting system.
The name Percival is more associated with Percival Lowell, the astronomer. This makes more sense.
Also the Harry Potter books which were *_very_* popuar
@@misterflibble6601 Also king Arthur, which were very popular.
I have to think it was based on king arthur based on that char long questing ; as in the long period of the companion...
but that is just my guess
Yeah... grail knight, anyone? Heh.
@@paulwilson3057 - "None shall pass!" :)
I have to think the name was based on king arthur's percival based on that character's long questing ; as in the long period of the companion...
but that is just my guess
Percival went to become one of the "greats" in Arthurian legend when he was one of only two (or three, depending on the source) knights to find the Holy Grail (the other being Sir Galahad). He is also credited with killing the Red Knight.
Well said! Wikipedia has also no such name explanation for Percival like in the Video, but it does refer to the knight of the same name in the Grail story of King Arthur. However, it is also reminiscent of another very old german legend by Eschenbach from the 12th century called Parzival or the famous opera by Wagner called Parsifal and its main character of the same name.
At its core, this is an old tale about a man who has to pass a test and is transformed by an adventure. These legends played a major role in the education of knights in the Middle Ages. It was always about so-called knightly values. Unfortunately, too often the mistake is made of not recognizing what contemporary designations or names are based on.
Different spellings in different languages can often be decoded phonetically.
Many names given by astronomers go back to really old stories.
If there were an intelligent civilization in this system, they would be aware of how vital that second star is to their existence, as it would provide a very specific set of conditions for them, conditions without which they would not exist, and given its rarity, they would sadly overlook systems like ours, and believe to be very alone and incredibly unique….
Interesting train of thought 😊👍
Yes that explains why so much focus has been put on red dwarves...
@nutyyyy And not on binary stars. Focusing only on stars like the Sun and Red Dwarfs limits the possibilities. Thr Red Dwarf focus falls into thos boxed thinking, simply because the Sun could potentially become a Red Giant.
Until they discovered the 3 body problem, they would consider themselves lucky to be alive.
You don't need to go that far, we already have people like that here on Earth.
(And yes, I realize this was sarcasm. 😉)
You know that we are in a epoch of discovery when you have to lament the amount of news and that the time is not enough to cover them all.
Thanks for making these summary's and easy to digest videos so I can keep up to date with all the new stuff.
Looks like they're in resonant orbits with the second star. Interesting!
The paper isn't sure which star these planets even orbit, on account they're currently so close together.
Thanks Anton, another great presentation.
Would something like this explain the multi year winters and summers in Westeros (game of thrones)? I bet these moons have dragons. I also bet you can't prove me wrong :)
05:33 RUclips - 'Cool Worlds Lab' & Dr David Kipping WILL be excited to investigate this moon situation! 👍
😎🇬🇧
Hello wonderful Percival! This is person.
Percival Lowell??
I love a good pun.
Hey! I am part of the NASA/JPL Exoplanet Watch "citizen scientist" team. I've observed over a dozen transits, reduced the data and submitted light curves to AAVSO.
Thank you Anton. You are a wonderful person.
Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. 🙂☺️
i thought Percival was Arthurian.
He is, but J.K Rowling is a hack.
There's been more than one person called Dave. Same thing with Percival. Weird how that happens isn't it. Anyway, Percival is/was the name of Albus Dumbledore's father in the Harry Potter books...and apparently that is indeed the source chosen by whoever it was that made this discovery.
Yeah, but he was in Harry Potter's world before that. Took time for the table to lose its corners.
Percival was one of the knights of King Arthur's round table.
thanks for this amazing information antoh
looking forward to updates as they come in
There are a lot of things we have never seen, things that don't behave according to our rules, but that doesn't mean they are unusual, they are only things we didn't think of.
Didn't think of.,Yes,Thats why we need to be open to ideas that go against scientists close minded "facts" & are not really proven "facts" & sometimes are proven wrong.
@@earlworley-bd6zyMuch of the time their guesses are proposed as fact by the media, who should never be trusted. They’re inherently lazy, given ridiculously tight schedules, and are almost all so biased that they distort even the things they get right.
Not many people can seriously claim habital exos and would get my click.. Anton you deserve all the trust though. Thanks for your diligence man. I wish you all the best.
Too eccentric of a system for biology, just look at the chaos here in our near perfect setup. Definitely a gem though
Sorry to chime in , I always find it a bit annoying . when I was in university studying planetary sciences as an elective . my professor said it was impossible to detect distant planets . and I argued it should be fairly easy by using the fluctuations as the planet passed in front of the star. and was a statement on one of exams describing the proposed method . flash forward about 5 years later that professor was credited for developing the method of finding planets orbiting in distant solar system, using the method I describe in my exam. and i was not even given an honourably mention in "his" discovery.. it being a pet peeve of mine ever since.
I have no direct experience, but for some reason academia appears to be a cut-throat business. I've read about & listened to many examples in history where one person would take credit for an idea proposed by a colleague, leaving the colleague bereft of credit. Examples I can recount:
The story of graduate student Jocelyn Bell, who discovered the first pulsar, (using radio astronomy) comes to mind.
Another instance was where Bret Weinstein communicated to a colleague his theory that cancer research mice may be predisposed to developing elongated telomeres. This eventually lead to the colleague taking share in a Nobel Prize, based on Bret's theory, but leaving Bret bereft of due credit.
The lesson: If you stumble upon a novel idea or theory, collaborate only with those you deem trustworthy and personally see it through to its conclusion.
Had a similar thing with economic supply and demand relationships. At least my teacher asked because it was "best answer she has ever seen". Agreed to her using it and never heard about it again.
Can you imagine the mythology that would spring up about that second God appearing (to them randomly?), especially if it brought tidal, or geological disruption. I'd imagine astronomy was one of their first sciences to develop. So many questions. How big would it look at perihelion? For how long would it be in the inner system- I know, it'd be travelling at a fair lick? Would it exert tidal effects? Do the aliens, love it, or hate it?
Brian Aldiss predicted this system in his Helliconia Trilogy. Everyone should read them. so f-ing good.
Freyr was a giant, where AB here are just G. From ~5 AU the extra G star is at, like, Jupiter range. Jupiter is cold. It won't be adding much.
Percival is not a name from Harry Potter but is one of King Arthurs knights, he first appeared in one of the three romances called Peredur Son of Efrawg, also spelled Percival, Parsifal. But apart from that little in consistancy, great video ❤️💯🔥🐎🏹
Very interesting, Thank you Anton.
Percival was a knight of King Arthur's round table.
Problema dos 3 corpos.
.
Vídeo interessante
I would say any water world in a habitable zone would most likely have some form of life !
Interesting star system! Now this gives me inspiration for writing. The idea of a star approaching the inner star system like this with such incredible time in between is awesome.
Very interesting. It seems the search for Endor is 'on', eh? I think the history of astronomical maps, catalogs, and surveys in itself fascinating, but current developments, especially with respect to time series surveys, might be best called revolutionary.... As always, great work! 🧸
Very interesting discoveries, thanks 👍😊
Percival was a knight of the round table
And also the name of Dumbledore's father and a famous astronomer, so... a name used more than once
@@misterflibble6601well....yeah they were named after Percival the knight of the round table
Maybe Anton was being sarcastic
Seems like splitting hairs if there was a Percival character in Harry Potter.
What did the person who named it specify?
Thank you!
It's only an "exciting" planet if a nearby pulsar pumps out a hot disco beat.
Wikipedia has no such name explanation for Percival, but it does refer to the knight of the same name in the Grail story of King Arthur. However, it is also reminiscent of another very old german legend by Eschenbach from the 12th century called Parzival or the famous opera by Wagner called Parsifal and its main character of the same name (different spellings in different languages can often be decoded phonetically).
At its core, this is an old tale about a man who has to pass a test and is transformed by an adventure. A wonderful castle is discovered, which seems like a new home. But then the hero realizes that he belongs somewhere else and has to go home. These legends played a major role in the education of knights in the Middle Ages. It was always about so-called knightly values.
Unfortunately, too often the mistake is made of not recognizing what contemporary designations or names are based on.
Many names given by astronomers go back to really old stories.
Habitable zone is fine, just stay away from the bad habit zone.
I can't keep up with all the science and Astonomy going on. Thanks Anton.
My question is is the planet's orbit altered by the elliptical orbit of the two stars?
Would these moons still be habitable while the second star is making it's close pass by?
Good question. My guess is yes, still habitable. It might add 5% of brightness, but that's not much.
No matter where we look and regardless of how many planets we find, the best we'll ever be able to say about any of them is that they "may support life". Nothing more definative can be said without physically investigating.
If certain gases are detected in an exoplanet's atmosphere -- e.g. CFCs, overabundance of oxygen, etc. -- life must be present. There cannot form naturally.
You’re definitely right.
Nah, there might be "Which suggests this planet has life"
I hope that Dr. Kipping and gang are excited about this planet, what with its potential habitable exomoons (and their focus on finding exomoons)
WELL not what I hoped exactly but really great yes thank you
Here's a very ignorant question about the transit method. I understand how a transiting planet's size can be calculated if the planet's orbit is aligned perpendicular to us and it's sun. But what if the orbit is not exactly perpendicular and the orbit cuts across only a portion of the starlight according to our view? How do we know that this is the occurrence and not that the dimming planet is smaller in size than it actually is?
How long could a system like this remain relatively stable? The stars certainly could. Planets and moons? If the Neptune size planet orbits every 272 days it will get between stars several times when the smaller is close. Wouldn't that raise hell with the moons, at least?
Thanks, Anton!
Every planet is an Exoplanet now. Drives me crazy!
Does the habitable zone shift when the second star approaches?
Great stuff.
8:52 would be perfect for a cult member introduction video. The cult of percival, lead by grand cosmolord Anton. Deliver unto us the message of the exomoon powers
Hi Anton!
Ooooh! Exciting! Wonder how they’ll observe these Moons, it may be silly but maybe the Gas Giant will be a very tiny coronagraph that will block out some of the star’s light making it slightly easier to see the moons? Who knows, maybe the moon transit in front of the gas giant’s atmosphere? Oh well, we’ll find out!
Yeh! Star Wars continues to be a predictor of things yet to be discovered: Within the star's "habitable zone" are sufficiently large Moons that provide Earth-similar habitat conditions: atmospheres...w/ocean worlds...w/ocean +large landmass worlds...w/almost waterless desert worlds, and shades in between!
Be careful. The moons around Jupiter are bombarded with powerful power radiation. For example, Io receives 1,000,000 sieverts per day.
Endore would be ideal probably
Zooniverse is awesome
I wonder if the stars swap planets occasionally
I love your channel.
This is definately one of the most interesting star systems i ever heard of. I suspect the smaller orbiting stsr will not add much to the heat received on the planet in the habitable zone. Thanks to the square by the distance rule. Even if the orbiting star was Sun-like it would still have a negligent add to the energy recieved by the habitable zone planet given it is 5 AU away. Just think of how cold it is the region of Jupiter's orbit that is 4.5 AU away from our Sun where ices prevail.
Yup
It’s a lot of new discoveries
'percival' is a character from Arthurian legend.
What does habitable zone mean well a planet in a nice spot. Then what. Did this system have a Jupiter effect with Saturn pulling Jupiter out just in time. Kepler did a good job
Everything about this system makes me less optimistic about its possession of habitable Planetary Mass Objects. First, isn't the current best model that hot Jupiters form past the frost line, then migrate inward over time due to tidal interactions with the rest of the system? What that suggests to me is that both planets are the survivers of catastrophic restructuring of the system, presumably helped along by the second star.
Second, while some sort of stable resonance seems essential to keep these planets where they are, all the tidal variation on geologically short time scales makes it seem like large moons would be in jeopardy of being lost.
And third, how big a moon are we expecting? Nothing necessarily constrains Percival from having a max moon size like the top 7 moons in our system, but it is a bit telling that we have four planets with large moons, and all of them fall into a relatively narrow range of sizes and masses. Since the gravitational situation in this system differs in significant ways from that of our system, and the signs are that these planets are migrants rather than forming near their current positions, that all makes me wonder if large moons stand a chance of surviving.
And finally, accepting that, in spite of the difficulties, Percival could have a large moon (which I'm already predicting we'll name Penelope or Ariana), isn't it likely to have more in common with Earth's moon than Earth? Smaller than Earth, hotter, probably drier? Heck, if this hypothetical moon is captured from the leftovers of the hot Saturn's migratory destruction, I'd expect it to be even drier than Luna, because volatiles would have had a harder time surviving the migration than rock.
Don't get me wrong; the system everyone's excited about does sound cool and it'd be awesome if it turns out closer to the optimistic versions. But I'm kinda feeling more optimistic about Proxima B, which we know is bombarded with superflares and probably lots of asteroids.
This system is trippy
Finally, finally, someone has found me!
Some moons around the planet in the habitable zone would def have atmospheres
would the radiation from the Neptunian like planet be counter to life on any moon orbiting it; even in the habitibal zone?
Please correct me if I'm wrong (and I'm SURE someone will!!🤣) but Percival was one of the Knights of the Round Table, i.e. King Arthur. Also the main characters' alternate ego in Ready Player One (LOVED the book, the movie was meh).
It seems rather odd that a binary with kind of eccentricity hasn't ejected a bunch of planets yet. It must have one helluva resonance!
Quick look for radio signals that have patterns when you convert it to base 231 math.
🙋♀️💖 wonderful person
I did the Galaxy zoo and the Bubbles Milky Way Project
I never watched Harry Potter, but Sir Percival is a character from Arthurian legend; one of King Arthur's Knights of the Round Table. Sir Percival is often celebrated for his quest to find the Holy Grail.
What would suck is if the second star had something like an Oort cloud or outer asteroid belt, and when it passed close by the other star, planet c would pass through the other stars belts and get pelted
I guess the second star would not disrupt habitability. Earth is 1AU from our Sun, so a similar star that is for example 4.5AU away would be about 1/20th as bright as the Sun. Our Sun produces 100 kilolux of direct sunshine at Earth's surface, which reduces to 1 kilolux on an overcast day. So a second star yielding 1/20th of that would be 5 kilolux extra, which isn't much comparatively, and certainly clouds would produce more variation than that second star's presence would. It might still heat the planets up a little more than usual, but the elliptical nature of orbits and seasons could already have a larger effect. They might have a slightly milder winter or a slightly hotter summer for a time.
Percival Lowell and Dumbledore’s father were named after the Grail quester Sir Percival.
I still say we should count exoplanets in units of "keps" where kep = kilo-exoplanet. And it's short for Kepler, the space telescope that found thousands of exoplanet candidates. Use "kep" the way you use "dozen" but it's 1000 not 12.
Waiting for your take on the new powerful hall effect engine
Its where one of my alien world DnD setting is IRL. It has weather mechanics because a gas giant swinging an earth like planet around will make the seasons and climate very different.
Are Exoplanets inhabited by huge insects with exoskeletons? Makes sense to me.
Is it possible we could find a "nearby" habitable planet with better equipment that was probably there the whole time that we couldn't see because of previous space sight challenges that prevented us from noticing, or is our neighborhood pretty much mapped out?
This is something a SciFi writer could come up with.
Read Helliconia
The weather on the planet or any moons around it would be nightmarish whenever the other star comes within close range. It might even be so destructive life would be impossible.
Percival.... 🧐 Are you sure they didnt name it after the albino squirrel in the Cleric Quintet by RA Salvatore?
Double Sunset over an endless Ocean
How exciting will b calender of this system...every 230 yrs...there will b christmas😊
Is there an undereporting on possibilities on moons do you think? Or are some of them clearly to write off in spite of a probable numbers likelihood advantage?
I'm gathering more difficulties in finding them but that could be giving us a bit of a blind spot in our estimations?
I think Anton is quite cute ❤
Varying the length and depth of dip controls the total load on scoops chip. Snack time physics at work. I'll see myself out now...
Anton lets goooooooo
Do the stars or system have a name?
Yes. They are in the research paper upon which this video is based. Follow the link in the description.
No mention of distance between it and us. I presume a good few light years...
Hello Dear, Wonderful Anton! I am wondering, if one of the stars in a binary system has planets, would there be a noticeable gravitational affect when the other star makes a clise orbit? Hiw about if both stars have planets? Something to " chew " on while falling asleep. Have a Wonderful week, Wonderful Persons!
💜
Imagine what Earth would be like if every 10 generations the 2 main seasons would be "no night" and "super-hot-and-bright daytime" for half a century.
Can we use Hubble and Webb telescopes in tandem to get even a more enhance image of an object?
Anton, why not a video about K2-18b and Prof. Nikku?
Class gental giant planet. Can be habible with water and correct considisions in its clouds