Chicago’s Newest Towers Are Invisible to Wind
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- Опубликовано: 12 июн 2024
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_Special Thanks_
+ Skidmore Owings and Merril (SOM) - www.som.com/
+ Related Midwest - www.relatedmidwest.com/
+ Evan Montgomery - co-producer, filming, and editing
_Description_
Wind is a powerful force that shapes skyscraper design, accounting for 25% of the material in typical towers. This video explores how architects at Skidmore Owings & Merrill use advanced tools like wind tunnels to design wind-resistant buildings, focusing on 400 Lake Shore Drive in Chicago. Learn how the design team incorporated a pre-existing foundation, utilized wind studies, and drew inspiration from projects like Pearl River Tower to create sustainable, energy-efficient skyscrapers. Discover the future of tall buildings, where technology and thoughtful design harmonize to make cities more livable and resilient.
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_About the Channel_
Architecture with Stewart is a RUclips journey exploring architecture’s deep and enduring stories in all their bewildering glory. Weekly videos and occasional live events breakdown a wide range of topics related to the built environment in order to increase their general understanding and advocate their importance in shaping the world we inhabit.
_About Me_
Stewart Hicks is an architectural design educator that leads studios and lecture courses as an Associate Professor in the School of Architecture at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He also serves as an Associate Dean in the College of Architecture, Design, and the Arts and is the co-founder of the practice Design With Company. His work has earned awards such as the Architecture Record Design Vanguard Award or the Young Architect’s Forum Award and has been featured in exhibitions such as the Chicago Architecture Biennial and Design Miami, as well as at the V&A Museum and Tate Modern in London. His writings can be found in the co-authored book Misguided Tactics for Propriety Calibration, published with the Graham Foundation, as well as essays in MONU magazine, the AIA Journal Manifest, Log, bracket, and the guest-edited issue of MAS Context on the topic of character architecture.
_Contact_
FOLLOW me on instagram: @stewart_hicks & @designwithco
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University of Illinois at Chicago School of Architecture: arch.uic.edu/
_Special Thanks_
Stock video and imagery provided by Getty Images, Storyblocks, and Shutterstock.
Music provided by Epidemic Sound
#architecture #urbandesign
Man, they really used every word possible other than saying they want turbulent flow
That was EXACTLY what I was thinking. I wonder why they didn’t want to say, “turbulent flow.”
I assume „turbulence“ is too close to unfavourable stock market wording when selling buildings to investors
Maybe they presumed viewer would not be familiar with aerodynamic turbulence 🤷
@@jsbrads1 Totally, just amusing
@@dominikschaefer7626marketing team got involved there lol
7:52 I don't know that "number of planes hitting tower" is the most appropriate unit of measurement...
anything but metric i guess :"/
i think its very relateable to americans
I was like REALLY?!??! Is it already so long ago that people forgot lol
_Pushing_ _on_ the tower, not hitting it. Let's actually listen to the words being spoken.
Maybe they could have talked about the equivalent hundreds of jet engines pushing against the tower. Maybe there was a better illustration to use.
But let's not obfuscate and stretch the actual information shown and comparisons used.
@@fiery_transition Yes. I have literally no memory whatsoever of 9/11, due to being born only two years prior. *I am a college graduate.*
“You know the dimples on a golf ball? This is completely unlike that.”
it's actually the exact same principle but used for a different application. the ball resists air friction to move past the wind easier, the building resists air friction to allow the wind to move past itself easier
@@Kavukamariop was just cracking a joke nbd
but, the man in the vid is actually referring to how the dimples on a golf ball create turbulent flow around the ball to reduce drag. they’re applying the same principal to the tower
@@jacobgross319 oh MB I thought they were misunderstanding what the video said lol
Skin friction drag @@Kavukamari
I am a docent at the Chicago Architecture Center giving tours on the river. I just want to say that this channel has provided so many intriguing materials for my tour takers. Thank you so much!
RIP Chicago Spire foundation hole 👋
was it this one, really? 😢
Yes, but it looked like they incorporated it into the new foundation, I saw some pictures of the new foundation woth the hole still visible.
The technical refinement of the towers, necessary to combat the devilish winds, have also led to greater aesthetic refinements. These two towers really add a pleasing new element to the Chicago skyline.
After 20 years of nothingness, I'm glad that land is finally being developed. It was supposed to be the Chicago Spire or whatever it was called, but that amounted to nothing but a circular hole in the ground.
Maybe the airplanes pushing on towers analogy could've been rethought lol
Oh no 😂
no i like it quite a lot
plot twist: it was thought ... a LOT 😢😂
The graphic could have been better showing increased force on a tower with height. As I recall the top floor of the Hancock Tower has a designed movement of up to ten feet that is dampened so that the movement is not perceptible when you are eating in the restaurant up top.
Especially since the buildings are referred to as the “North Tower and South Tower” 😭
Tire tread. The facades of these buildings looks like the second iterations of tire tread. Where they staggered lines within each channel to eliminate road noise
Stewart, thank you for calling it the " _Sears_ Tower".
It will always be the Sears Tower. Just like the Cleveland baseball team will always be the "Indians"!
@@Josh-yr7gdNot a good example. Better example - the stadium the Sox play at is Comiskey.
@@doomsdayrabbit4398 How is using an example of an established name change met with opposition, not similar to another example of an established name change met with a lot of opposition?
Curious of what sound preparation and mitigation that they go into...would suck to find out it is whistling 24/7 in the living quarters.
Good point.
14:41 wind tunnel testing in F1 actually began in the 1970's, not the 90's. The former is when cars sprouted wings all over and the concept of ground effect aerodynamics to suck the car into the road began.
7:48 I love your content man and I'm usually not one to go out of my way to comment on videos, but I have to say using Boeing 777s as the reference for how resistant these buildings are may not have been the best example to use. Reminds me of a certain date in September, could've been anything other than jets lol...another great video all around though
I had the same thought too 💀
We’re all adults here
“More powerful than a locomotive” doesn’t relate like it used to
That 3:57 is an absolutely amazing physical contour map! That model alone is a masterpiece of art & sculpture & math & science.
Amazing explanation by Ryan here... Great way of showing how the building attempts to alleviate the wind pressure more and more as the design evolves 4:24 👍
I will never call the Sears tower the Willis Tower
Whatchu talkin' bout Willis!
if u know u know
As a formula one fan, I was thinking about F1 through the whole video and found it fascinating how some of the same aerodynamic concepts can apply to a skyscraper. I was so happy you mentioned F1 toward the end!
Sunshine is a game that I love to laugh with and have “fun” but is also a game I love to scream and curse at and want to break my controller to lol. Another great vid man!
That is really really cool!
You could tell the whole time that these guys knew what they were doing, great descriptions the whole way
Also the dudes facial expression at 6:15💀Bro felt like he had to simplify his explanation for a toddler (which in his case, is what he *essentially did)
Please explain what is wrong with that in a video aimed at a general public.
@@BGTuyau Please explain how this is a relevant response to a joke
Fascinating stuff, Ty
I love that room full of models of SOM buildings!
Good video, but man, that pronunciation of “Guangzhou” at 10:03 is something else. It’s pronounced like “gwahng Joe”, not “gang zoo”. I wouldn’t ordinarily complain, but this is part of the monologue of a high production value video.
Lol I had to scroll way too far to find a comment saying this
This was absolutely fascinating. Such a great video and explainer!
Great video! Question here; seems that the approximate height mentioned (almost 900ft/275m) is a good bit taller than the last figures the developer gave out (something in 850's ft), and the purported final design models likewise appear to be different than latest renderings. Did this get a height bump?
Thank you for calling it the sears tower 👍
My cousins like to say that the name of the building is spelled Willis, but it's pronounced Sears.
Stewart, your videos are superb. Thank you so much for taking the time to produce such professional content. You are a gifted educator!
Couldn't agree more! What a fabulous video on an interesting subject.
For smoke stacks and other venting, its either have a spiral like metal sheet around it or make it like a hyperbeloid.
In the past we had people doing silly dances in the hopes that it would rain.
In the modern day we have architects acting silly and confusing, in the hopes that the wind gets confused and forgets to topple our high towers
😂 chuckled
This discussion was fascinating. My late uncle was the head of the wind tunnel at Purdue University. I remember visiting his lab and seeing the model of Chicago that they kept because they did tests of so many big buildings in the city. I don't know how much computer work they had back then (late 60s/early 70s) but I do remember huge banks of tubes of colored liquid that had calibrated scales for taking readings off all surfaces of the building being tested.
Very interesting Stew
6:45 my guy wants so badly to sound smart that he forgot the word "vortex". (singular vortex, multiple vortices)
Is that the abandoned lot across from Navy Pier? Is that where the Spire was cancelled?
Stewart, At the time of this comment entry, I was in Chicago. I hope to see some of the things you’ve shown on your channel while in town (June 13-18). I hope to rekindle the excitement I had when I found the Standard gas station during my San Francisco trip. Thanks for the enjoyment.
No mention of Aqua? It's beautiful, and Gang Associates did a great deal of work on wind reduction.
Is this being built on the old Spire site? If so will it use any of the foundations already built?
This was very interesting. One topic not really mentioned was what happens to the wind _after_ it passes over, alongside, or through big buildings? How will the building's presence affect other buildings in the area at ground level and at altitude? It seems designers need to consider not just how the wind affects their buildings, but how their buildings affect the wind.
Similar to the concentration of the sun’s rays on adjacent properties that melts surfaces☺️
@@bill9540 Or how wind turbines 'harvest' the force of the wind if put too close and in certain paths, limiting their efficiency further down in a park
They need to build the world’s tallest building! We need that title back!
What about buildings that amplify or focus the wind, like towards turbines or some other wind capturing strategy?
Seems aerodynamics finally entered the minds of architecture. How long it took is BAFFELING.
Enjoyed the interview by the two disciplines for the wind design concept on the project.
So do they wind tunnel test the glass and casement, or even test it under expansion and contraction! The widows seem to present most of the issues in high rise buildings!
0:00 I have that exact same sign on the door to my office.
3:03 I know those oscillations, but I don't recall what they're called. can someone help?
Monty Python: Confuse a Cat
Bewilder the Wind.
Have you considered making a textbook much like the Engineering in Plain Sight Hillhouse circa 2020?
So excited for these buildings to finish. They're beautiful and I think they fit into the character of the skyline.
Should build the Chicago Spire now, as we're in the market for it, plus that would have dramatically changed the Chicago Skyline for the better!!!
0:41 So it's just coincidence that the two towers together seem to visually reference the profile of the top of the ill-fated Chicago Spire in the negative space between the setbacks?
Super interesting!
Great video, but small nitpick - there's no active aero in F1 (short of situational DRS). It's all passive, at least until 2026. Though aeroelasticity definitely bridges that gap a bit!
Well done!
I wish you would offer some criticism once in a while. They shortened these buildings to 267 meters (not 275) and drastically minimized the step-backs of the balconies which now don't begin until 2/3rd's of the way up. They also removed the terra-cotta and bay windows. Everything isn't iconic and world class or "Masterful" as you say. David Childs' original design definitely was but these value- engineered versions are far from it.
Wow... I knew architects liked white lego pieces!
Chicago’s “Windu City” nickname is not related to atmospheric winds. There are winds off the lake, but misnomer Chicago is “windier” than other cities. The nickname references politicians, not weather,
“The world is getting windier.” LOL
Great video!
I will never be able to look at that site and not instead imagine the Santiago Calatrava masterpiece that should have been built there.
I nominate this video for the Stewart Hicks award!
Wasn’t the pass through floors at st Regis a design flaw???
Are these towers reinforced concrete or structural steel?
A masterful video!
What is the material of the model?
Please answer
Excellent video~!
I am interacting with the content
Love these new towers.
Real life Ted Mosby.
With this, we now know that the CHICAGO SPIRE is no more. I wonder, is the GATEWAY TOWER still a proposed design?
Love your videos!
thank you for letting these professionals explain their craft in such an unfiltered way
Just wanted to point out you said "willis tower" it's actually pronounced "Sears Tower" as you correctly pronounced it later in the video
Credit to SOM's Bill Baker, who engineered the Burj Khalifa, for the technically incorrect yet metaphorically descriptive term "confuse the wind"?
Affordable or workforce housing. Developers are using those interchangeably but they are quite different?
7:47 Great editing.😀
Wow! I cannot wait to try. I only have Greek yogurt so I’m going to have to get regukar😊
Vortex is the singular of vortices.
At 6:40, did an engineer really say "vorticee?" Dude, "vortices" is plural. The singular form is "vortex."
Thats what it’s being under construction where it supposed to be the Chicago Spire?
humans: « let’s confuse the wind you guys. »
Who will be occupying these newest towers ? Commercial office space is really suffering as more and more businesses are giving up office space to have their people work from home. The pandemic changed how we live and work . nearly a quarter of all commercial office space in the city of San Francisco is empty. 17% of New York City office towers are empty. I think we are saying the demise of the American skyscraper as it now stands.
Stuart, completely unrelated, have you seen The Illinois in the Apple TV+ show "Dark Matter"? You get a really good shot of it from a few angles in episode 7
THIS IS SO COOL.
1:37 wait, wait, did you say affordable? HAHAHAHA
It's like turbulating a glider wing.
Is that where the old Spire foundation is.
Looks like it is. Has the creepy perfect circle in the ground
I really like the new building designs but I wish it was in a different location and the Gateway Tower was built there instead.
So “affordable housing” price? Hoe much would a one bedroom be a month in one of these building’s affordable section be?
I'm guessing it will take a single of the mentioned aircraft to prove said assertions are hyperbole. WTC were designed to take a direct hit from a plane, per models and statements at the time of construction... much like the one which brought them down. So, which developer is overstating? One's already been put to the test and failed. And, meeting the Natrual word, that's open for profound debate within architecture. Going down solves many problems, from offering geothermal to mounting a rooftop manifold of lenses to filter natural light via optic cables, as well as many other things. We can dig a tunnel under an ocean, we can put a 20 story bldg subsurface, most likely already have.
if they start including windows do they have to test for worst cases like everyone closes their windows… or some combination of open and closed that might be the most dangerous stress to a building. seems like so much to plan for
Today's weather forcast shows 30 mph winds which means everyone on the south side of the building must keep their windows open from 11am to 2:30pm.
@@Josh-yr7gd Paperweights and windbreakers are available in the lobby
Great video.
Nice idea to thinking of buildings as animals rather than machines
There will never be a skyscraper with both affordable AND luxury housing. As soon as a building is branded with the word "luxury," prices go up for everyone.
In DC, there is indeed affordable housing in luxury developments. It's 10% of units at the lowest rate of affordability (30% of local median income) and 20% at higher levels (aka Workforce housing) which is over 65% of local median income. Both are necessary.
Boston entities built lots of Brutalist buildings in the early 1960s - Gov't Center, Boston Univ. and elsewhere. I recall how the building where the BU Dept of Ed was located, looking out on the Charles River, would howl as the wind rushed around it, finding resonant cavities in the construction. You mention how wind mitigation in the new Chicago designs use shape to redirect wind around it. I wonder whether the wind tunnel testing shows how wind might create unexpected resonance and noise, and if that can be avoided in addition to reducing pressure on the structure and generating energy.
I had a dream last night about buildings in my city toppling over from crazy winds, and then youtube recommends this. Kinda scary.
Well, it could have happened in Manhattan back in the late 1970's with the Citicorp tower. Not having columns on the four corners like most high-rises, the supporting columns are in the center resulting in instability if not designed correctly. An engineering student did some calculations, brought it to the attention of the structural engineer who designed the tower. Changed were made to the building post-haste just in time for hurricane season. Check this article if you are not already familiar.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citicorp_Center_engineering_crisis
I had no idea how much technology was being directed at combating wind forces! I always enjoy your channel, but this might have been one of your more interesting videos
The guy said "vorticee"... the singular of "vortices" is "vortex".
Hey I mean at least they're using the simpler language that the engineers obviously used to communicate ideas with them.
shouldn't the wind tunnel test be done with the adjacent skyline?
one saying "legos" on saying "Lego blocks". How will the jackals proceed?
Confusing the wind skill 99