The Fermi Paradox: Galactic Habitable Zones
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- Опубликовано: 22 сен 2024
- Our galaxy is a dangerous place for life. A vast storm of stars in which new ones are born and die in deadly displays. How much of the galaxy is truly safe for life to emerge in?
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The Fermi Paradox: Galactic Habitable Zones
Science & Futurism with Isaac Arthur
Episode 389, April 6, 2023
Written, Produced & Narrated by Isaac Arthur
Editors:
Briana Brownell
David McFarlane
Jerry Guern
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why not use a mini warp drive where the actual warp bubble is tiny BUT that the maths heat can drive ions SUPER fast
youd need to alter the warp bubble math that guy did to have the heat generated vented out and technically what you do is you create and uncreate in fast bursts
and that frictional heat generated is and shall take place of any need for anti matter or nuclear drives
and it would be far faster than any conventional ion drive for acceleration
@@chronosschiron yeah, but where does Raycon fall into this?
Send Raycon the medical bill and they will they would cover some or all of it for the advertisement
Can confirm they withstand washing
Hi Isaac, just letting you know i have watched almost all of your videos in the playlists. Each day when I'm cooking i enjoy the show. Thanks from Ireland ☘
Wow, thanks, I'm always a bit amazed when anyone has done the whole inventory these days.
Yep, just the SFIA livestreams and Q+A playlists i skipped, and a few odd ones
@@isaacarthurSFIA I do assembly and can listen to media at work. I was very disappointed when I finished your catalog and had to start waiting for the next week to come out. I'm debating starting over at some point if I don't have audiobooks to listen to. Love the channel
That's really cool, Ace. When I first found this channel, a couple of years ago, I started at the beginning. As a bedtime listener it took me about 18 months to catch up with current sync. Now, I go back to ones I want to review plus JMG. Thank you, Issac! From a 72 year old fan in Idaho, USA.
@@isaacarthurSFIA It just occured to me, in youtube stats can you see who _has_ watched all of your videos? I've been through your inventory probably a half-dozen times. -If you have access to that sort of data, we could form a club or something. Maybe cone up with a secret handshake or something.
It's pretty cool how your youtube audience inadvertently alerted you to an issue with your health like that. I'm glad that it was such a quick and easy diagnoses and I hope your ear heals up quickly and easily:)
timestamp?
More like sneakly putting a Raycon add into this video.
Btw they are not good...
@@ickebins6948 on any other youtuber I would believe that, but I am 100% sure that Isaac Arthur would not lie about his health like that
I'm commenting to let your AI overlords know that I enjoy your video and it should recommend it to others 👍🏼
A weird new great filter: It is possible that the first K4 (ancient, multi-galactic) civilization has sent out quadrillions of AI watchdog drones, to stop any K2 (recent, single-star) civilization from causing havoc by exponentially expanding beyond its own system.
It is possible but doesn't really explain why there is silence, as opposed to a loud radio signal permeating everything like the CMB saying "Listen up newbs, here's the rules..."
Isaac probably has a video about that possibility somewhere on his channel 😂
@@isaacarthurSFIA Lol. True. Though perhaps too destabilizing to tell civilizations there are playground rules until they are technologically mature enough to hear it.
We would probably notice something on that scale due to communications needed to maintain the force required. It would need a massive effort and a lot of forces, even if robotic. I am sure they could find a better use for the resources.
@@isaacarthurSFIA I totally agree (brown nose lol) if they were that advanced, they know we would never be a threat and aggressive behaviour makes lifeforms more successful, it's fact, there isn't a civilization of flower loving vegans out there with warp drives they are mostly like arseholes that want to show dominance, you could say an advanced civilization is beyond and above that kind of behaviour but it's the only one we understand, if they landed all friendly with no weapons u can guarantee somebody taking their shit.
Thanks Isaac, you’ve guaranteed me a habitable zone between my ears for a bit. A great premise; remember the pools of 4th dimensionality in the Dark Forest books? This is different, of course, but it made me recall how habitable zones can be construed….
My guess is that bacterial life is probably pretty common, complex life is rare, and the sort of life that builds telescopes to look at the sky is so rare that it never occurs more than once at the same time in the same galaxy.
But all of these things still give off traces of their existence, and we still ain't found diddly.
Concidering how big space is you must imply we are very very rare.
Add to the fact that traveling at even a fraction of the speed of light would cause cells and even silicon that store memory to malfunction and result in death. Making interstellar travel very very difficult
turns out none of those are common.
@@stevenhetzel6483I think you overestimate just how much of space we’ve been able to search in any capacity beyond “no Dyson swarm and the radios silent”
For comparison, rn were the equivalent of someone looking through half a Cm of water in the Pacific Ocean and wonders why they haven’t found anything. Like we’ve gotten a lot of broad data but that doesn’t really help us bc it’s the specifics we need atp but with distance, Doppler effect, etc looking is gonna take a damn long time
The best series on the internet is back!
I have often thought of this fact as a huge indicator to life being rare. If most of your galaxy and most of the matter in a galaxy will always be hopelessly irridiated how can life be everywhere?
Eventually it's all tardigrades that look like crabs.
The radiation metabolizing bacteria of Pripyat are smacking their lips in anticipation of eventual universal hegemony.
@@ColdHawkthis bacteria would die if the radiation was higher just as we can get pure-water intoxicated
@@lucaslevinsky8802for now
Hey, Isaac, I don't know if you've done one yet, but how about a video on colonizing a rogue brown dwarf? Could be a very interesting topic if approached from the perspective of a group that has little option for one reason or the other and focusing on the difficulties they would have to overcome.
Partially covered in life on giant moons in two weeks, in our final case and scenario we look at in it.
Permanence by Karl Schroeder is a pretty good read.
@@John_McJohnson cheers, always looking for good book recommendations
@@gildedpeahen876Blindsight also addresses lifeforms living on/in a brown dwarf
This one made me think of Crucible of Time by John Brunner and how that civilisation associated deep dark depths with safety and stability in much the same way we view bright warm lights.
Awesome like always Isaac ! Cheers from McMurdo Station Antarctica . 😁👍
Stay Warm, and give everyone there my best :)
@@isaacarthurSFIA Absolutely and thanks!
Sgt, I have a desire to work a season in Antarctica. Do you enjoy your assignment? Do you guys watch The Thing yearly?
@@scottmitchell1974 Hey Scott! to answer your question , yes we man this station year round. I work for the science support team keeping small engines running. I really love the work we do. Antarctica is like living on another planet! its hard to describe the majesty and at the same time dangers of this winter wonderland we work and live in. If your interested in working I wont sugar coat it for you it is a long road to get everything in order to make the trip. You certainty can make it happen! The NSF or national science foundation runs the station I work at and they are an awesome organization to work with. Depending on which country you live in dictates how you go about getting a position down here. Depending on what your interested in there are plenty of jobs in the summer time from October to say February. Winter time from February to October is a much more difficult time to be on ice so I wouldn't recommend it on your first time. Some good places to start are looking on the contractor's websites for job openings . Amentum, and Parsons are a few of the contractors that come to mind If you live in the united states . Try Indeed.com and search for Antarctica jobs. Of course you will need to get Pre medical qualified or PQ and the whole process can take several months. Just hang in there and be patient as it can try your nerves lol . I wish you the best of luck and if you go the mile and put in the hard work I can promise you it will be life changing and worth every effort. Again the road to deployment is hard just stay the course. there is a saying we have down here and there is some truth in it.
" it is easier to go into space than go to Antarctica" Good luck and be blessed!
😁👍
This show should be available on a TV network.
I always look forward to your Fermi Paradox videos!
Happy Arthursday fellow Sapient lifeforms! Hopefully your local Galactic weather forecast is looking favorable!
Cloudy, mildly sunny, low wind, and without a chance of "rain" of course...
I tend to agree with the idea that life is rare. Its not one great filter as it is all of them affecting the odds simultaneously.
Thank you as always Issac
Got my drink and a snack let's go Isaac!!!
@26:30 Damn you, Earbud Tip!
>life might not survive in the galactic core because it's too radioactive
the radiosynthetic bacteria that lives in Chernobyl: *_I SHALL CONQUER THIS PARADISE AND BECOME IMMORTAL_*
That's scary that a earbud could get stuck in your ear. Glad you found out before permanent damage occurred. I kind of am the opposite - my ear canals are too small so I can't use earbuds at all, lol.
I think there are ultra-slim earbud options though I might be wrong, and at this point I'd deifnietly advise being picky in anything anyone gets. :)
Man me too. Even the internals are smaller. It sucks when im on the airplane
Hey Issac. Been listening to you on podcast. Brilliant 👌. Kind of destroyed my childhood fantasy of space travel, however enlightened me to real possibilities. My work allows me to use a Bluetooth noise cancelling earmuffs for 8 hours a day. Your channel gets me through the day. Still got a bit to catch up on and re watch on RUclips love the visuals,its like watching the movie after reading the book.
I don't remember missing any of the episodes, always a big thanks 👏👏👏
Every single time I have a question, Isaac has already answered it.
That earbud tip story in the end is nightmare fuel! I'll be paranoid evertime I want to use earbuds from now on.
I'm happy you solved it, take care buddy!
I favor the rare intelligence filter. Intelligence isn't often the best for survival.
Another great and informative SFIA video to brighten my week. Even learned some unexpected things from this one I never knew.
Great video.
At 2.06 I agree it's not that we are 1 in 400 trillion billion it's that there is so many filters to get through, venus and Mars are great examples of this, mars was too small and venus had too many volcanos at the one time, having a close large moon or the right type of temp or elements will play a big part, for example a red dwarf are too small and violent and big stars don't live as long as gen 1 and 2 star systems don't have enough metals to make life.. I could go on for hours but my voice isn't as smooth and interesting as our host, it's his voice that made me sub tbh.
that was the most unique product placement segue i've seen on youtube yet
That was the smoothest and oddest advertising segué I've ever heard...
And I heard it with my Raycon earbuds! Raycon! They never overstay their welcome in your ear canals!
4:23 Absolutely insane. Didn't even think about that until now. Can't wrap my head around that that is pretty dense
Definitely louder than usual. If it's queued and I fall asleep, it wakes me up.
Had something similar to your earbud problem happen once, little stuff caught in your ear isn't fun.
Video is a decent explanation as well for why older wouldn't be better for life.
what if Isaac is just playing with us and he himself is the Great Filter? 👀
:) I promise, I am not knowingly an overseer AI, simulation creator, or otherwise in possession of deep existential knowledge outside of normally available materials
Life may be just about everywhere. But intelligent life? The galactic center? Not so good for intelligent life. Red dwarf stars? Not so good. Multi star systems? Not so good. There's not many stars left where intelligent life has a chance to evolve. When using the Drake equation Brian Cox figured the end number is less than one per galaxy at any given time.
I love your videos. Thank you for always inspiring me
Isaac Arthur definitely ponders his orb.
This made my day
That is an amazingly thoughtful question.
Far too much prediction is based on probability without factoring in the simple fact that earth is in the distant suburbs of the universe, even urban farm land compared to a galaxies landscape.
Thats where we should search for a new home or new life.
Another great and interesting video. I hope your ear is feeling better.
Another great presentation thanks Isaac
Your brain is worth far more then I give you. Thank's Isaac for not collecting on the many years I haven't. Indelibly grateful, Josh
I’ve never got the team to read much more than Wikipedia pages…but I’ve always got the time to watch Isaac Arthur’s videos. 🥰 The number 1 science fiction hub.
I remember reading Dragon's Egg as a young teen and loving it.
I absolutely love the backing music track!
That's a heck of a story for your Raycon commercial!
That's a heck of a testimonial for Raycon 🤣
I was hoping that you would estimate the range of the habitable zone for the Milky Way. Too near the center and as you said there is too much action. You didn't mention this, but I understand that too far out and there aren't enough heavy elements. What would you think a good guess would be for the galactic habitable zone measured from the center of the galaxy?
Actually I believe wr are out on the edge a bit,2/3 out.
It's a really hard call. Given the constant churning of merging galaxies and other star migration just inside our galaxy over billions of years... Junk gets shuffled, lines are messy, lots of known unknowns and unknown unknowns about the origins and distribution of life.
Look up co-rotation zone.
We are just about halfway between the center and the edge. That may seem to be just an odd coincidence, but probably not. Stars orbiting the galactic core in the co-rotation zone do so at a rate that minimizes the number of passes they must make through the galactic arms. Since these are where all the baby stars are being made, they may not be terribly safe, and the less time we spend in them, the more likely we are to have a stable system. I've also read that no more than about 10% of all the stars in this galaxy are in the corotation zone.
Further, stars that were much closer in would also start getting too close to the core, whereas stars further out wouldn't get the required metallicity until much later. Interestingly, stars in the co-rotation zone probably wouldn't have started getting the required metallicity until about 2.5 billion years ago. If that's true, we obviously jumped the gun by nearly two billion years, probably due to some freaky close supernovae of just the right types. Isotopes in the Earth and asteroids seem to confirm this.
So if we are two billion years ahead of schedule, in the first part of the galaxy that seems to have had a decent shot at forming life and staying stable for 4.5 billion years, that would mean no other races are likely to be out there for a very long time. If anything derived from us becomes capable of interstellar travel, and any part of them are the least bit 'grabby" then the other races are not only not here yet, they aren't coming at all.
Oh sure, even then there might be some small number of stars that had the same luck as the Sun. But with such a reduced number, the odds are enormously against finding anything like us orbiting them for a myriad number of other reasons.
Well…you needn't to think about those habitable zones that too far away from the earth. Because we are belongs to 3-4 dimension at present, which are different from higher dimension habitable zones.
But still, we have millions of candidate extroplanets to explore as further habitable zones for upcoming deep space projects and suggested settlements.
The Fermi paradox is based on too many unknown parameters for it to be deemed an actual paradox. Were at a stage right now where it's just too early to tell if far off systems (for us anyway) are inhabited by an advanced species. It's the simplest, and probably the best answer we have right now.
Nobody really thinks its an actual Paradox, its just the name that stuck as it seems at odds with the enormity of spacetime to not see aliens everywhere
The Fermi Paradox is summed up as "If space is so big, and we're nothing special, where is everybody else?" There's a _lot_ baked into "we're nothing special;" the various filters are ways of saying "But we _are_ special..."
Thanks, that makes more sense
@@boobah5643 "If space is so big, why won't it fight me?"
- The Internet Historian
I couldn't resist using that line, haha.
Cool video, bruh❤
Great video
After watching the struggles of SpaceX, maybe we should add a bureaucracy filter to the list in the Fermi Paradox.
Enjoyed the video and the after story about the earbuds. I have had ear infection issue my whole life due to excess wax and other issues. Cheaper earbuds do tend to have the separation problem that you mentioned. Made me smile to see that I am not the only one who has had this happen.
Who would think sticking crap in your ear every day would lead to problems lol
@@chucknorris277 Glad this is written, I may not be able to hear that.....
in the webcomic i'm making right now, most of the alien civilizations exist in the middle of the milky way's disk on one side, with colonization spreading mostly outward on account of it being harder to track and compensate for the movements of the stars the closer to the core you get. makes navigation a bit of a nightmare, especially with no FTL. there's one little peninsula of traffic extending towards the core on the galactic map, though, full of temporary outposts for scientists studying that region where some crazy stuff happens. Most expect to be decommissioned in a few hundred years before they get too far away to return, but one aims to sit tight and take the long ride all the way around so they can see the other side of the zone of avoidance. they won't be seen again for a few thousand years, but they'll probably have some great data to share when they come back around.
...IF they come back around.
Okay, this sounds awesome.
Is it already being posted anywhere? Because I'd like to start following it.
Man the core Density is really insane, I wish No Mans Sky was name to show this because its a game where you travel to center of galaxy as a progression mechanic.
Wow, that's an incredibly specific anecdote to endorse Raycon :D I'm glad it got taken care of (relatively) quickly though!
Michio Kaku is still using the billions and billions argument to say that we're not alone.
I thought that 'omg so many stars there's just no way aliens aren't real' was convincing when I was a kid and all I had to to by was intuition. it's hard to believe that educated adults still think it passes as a logical argument, and claim you're the ignorant or even 'arrogant' one for so much as questioning it.
@@cripplingautism5785 It could be about marketing, since nearly everybody wants aliens.
@@cripplingautism5785 There is literally no way to prove we're alone, unless you can break physics, because part of the universe is too far away to ever investigate.
Although that does get into the semantics of what it means to be 'alone.'
@@boobah5643 not the point. the mainstream narrative among science populists is that alien life CERTAINLY exists in the universe, an unscientific and ungrounded belief. the more honest answer is we can't know. I have some reasons why I think intelligent life is unique to earth in the observable universe, but I won't say that you're stupid for thinking otherwise and that I know for sure.
If your uranium and thorium are only formed in neutron star mergers (as the periodic table you should suggests) then forming from the remnant of a neutron star merger is a precondition for Life as we know it. The current idea is that our magnetosphere would have died and our planet would have cooled without the radioactive decay of uranium and thorium in the core.
I would love to learn more about the details but this seems to drastically decreased the probability of life.
Lol Zone of avoidance, the same as the Zone of death or the Zone of no return... God I love Futurama! 🤣🤣🤣
I always think of that show when the term comes up.
Combine this with the incredibly vast distance between solar systems and the very real possibility that it’s impossible for information to go faster than the speed of light, I think these are the solutions to the Fermi paradox. Earth’s transmissions won’t have even reached any of the closest solar systems, and when they do, it will be so distorted it will be indistinguishable from background radiation (I can thank Matt O’Dowd for that nugget of comforting information).
I like the fact you touch on several different aspects not addressed commonly about the fermi paradox like element availability and localised irradiation.
But as far as intelligent life is concerned i personally believe development of more advanced intelligent life on earth was a fluke possibly brought on by radiation mutating genetic change of an early ancestor.
I think most life would naturally reach an equilibrium and simply just exist.
But a mutation in us very early on possibly led to a brain that functioned differently.
'Equilibrium' until a volcano, a freak weather accident, breeding stock from far away bypasses a regional barrier, an asteroid, or any other natural disaster upsets the status quo. Which ignores mutations, breeding imbalances, and the general arms races between predator, prey, and parasites.
At 5:04... "If the Sun were made a million times brighter, its habitable zone would extend a thousand times wider." Does this mean that a brighter star has a larger habitable zone?
Glad you got your hearing sorted Isaac! That’s a disconcerting story.
I suppose that one of the reasons we might not be able to detect technological life in the Milky Way Galaxy is if that life were located on a planet on the other side of the Zone of Avoidance. On the subject of wireless earbuds, I own 3 different pairs (none by Raycon) but in recent months have reverted to using wired earbuds with a USB C adapter. That is basically because the wireless ones keep falling out of my ears. Last year, I had one of my Samsung buds fall out of my ear on the subway and roll away. Fortunately I was able to pick it up before someone stepped on it. Then that same week I had another earbud fall out at a movie theater and roll under the seats. Again, I was able to retrieve it, but not until after the movie. I hate the way that when I push most wireless earbuds back into my ear, I end up hanging up or pausing whatever I was listening to. But if the Raycon buds really do stay in your ear I may give them a try. But if they aren't any better, I'll probably end up getting hit by a bus because I am using over the ear headphones while crossing the street.
Happy Arthursday to all! I've got my drink and snack, ready to go!
Sir Isaac brightens Thursday mornings
Happy Arthursday
I Am Commander Shepard.. & I Approve this Channel😤
I think the 'what variables caused our planet to become/stay habitable' is A LOT.
And the issue with a sample pool of 1 is that it is inherently observation bias.
We can't even look at a pool of 3 and say "well it happened for 2 of the 3". Nope, we have a "well its like [this] for us". And evolution faced with other scenarios MAY just be forced to be MORE adaptive and tolerant then here on Earth (where even though MOST species die from relatively 'minor' climate/temperature changes (compared to what a planet could be) to minor issues with availability of food sources etc. )
Too few neighboring stars, too many?
Too massive neighbors (that then go nova, wiping out the planet's life)?
Too much interstellar 'junk' flying into your system like 2-3 dozen rogues your star picks up while orbiting galactic center? Prob an issue, especially if its post-Hadrian equivalent era.
I'm thinking that when I consider things that Issac and Anton Petrov have pointed out (Phosphorus availability, things that assist our particular geology, ATP/NAD+ etc) I suspect that 'Galactic Habitable Zone' may not be solely a 'goldilocks' ring around the galactic bulge (are we still doing phrasing?) but where the right elements/molecules are in molecular clouds etc. A solar system like ours could form/evolve EXACTLY the same as ours in a galactic habitable zone but IF the Earth clone doesn't have Uranium in its mantle/core AND phosphor/phosphorus available in crust, you can probably forget a DNA/RNA based form of life (like Earth has), Phosphorus being KEY to keeping those helices intact.
Technically in the Goldie Lock Zone
For all the ways in this universe that are prohibitive for life forming or destructive to any existing life, that you had the tip of an ear bud stuck inside your head for a month is the most disturbing thing I find in this vi
Just some thoughts. A) there is a difference, perhaps vast, between what is required to start life and where life can exist. That is, the requirements for starting life may be much more difficult than the requirements to sustain well evolved life. In searching the galaxy we are therefore much more likely to find planets close to Mars or Venus. B) I would suggest, Earth needs life to be livable. I think, given enough time, that life transported from Earth to either Mars or Venus would change those planets to be livable. I suspect that even planets more hostile than Mars or Venus could be inoculated with life and flourish give time.
So the real question is not "where can live exist" but rather "what is required for life to start". Once started, life can exist in much more hostile places.
I'm suddenly incredibly aware of my ears. I lost one of those tip things a few weeks ago too... Cool new fear to have I guess
Anyway, love the channel! Keep up the good work!
thank you👍
Is there an amount of mass that could be added to Jupiter that would result in its moons existing in a sort of Jovian habitable zone? I know brown dwarves don’t get much bigger than Jupiter and they do give off infrared energy. Is there a sweet spot where its moons would receive similar heat energy to Earth, where they could then be given magnetic fields with satellites and have atmosphere imported and become livable, albeit low gravity, worlds?
They may already do so, but we'll talk about it in more detail in two weeks, for our Giant Moons episode.
@@isaacarthurSFIA Can't wait!
The mass of several more jupiters most likely. You would have to turn it into a low mass star basically
Thanks Isaac O'Neill cylinders seem like the best choice oh yeah👍
humanity really is quite lucky
See the anthropic principle
the odds of another advance race out there is"alive" at the same time as us, is slim in this galaxy, so unless we become intergalactic the odds of us ever meeting one, are Nil.
Meanwhile the radiation aliens are thinking, "no way earth is hospitable towards life. There are no regenerative radiation bursts there!" 😅
You're the best love your content
I don't know how true it is, but in terms of at least initial formation of life, I've heard the 'Goldilocks Zone' for galaxies between 'too few stars to have heavy elements for rocky planets' and 'too many stars so there's too much cosmic radiation' is actually nonexistent, as once you have enough stars to have any likelihood of rocky planets, you ALREADY have the density high enough that they're all being bathed in heavy radiation.
Our star and planet benefitted from the fact that spiral galaxies have stars regularly moving in and out of arms, allowing a star system to form in ONE condition, but then migrate to ANOTHER. Of the various known types of galaxies, I believe spiral galaxies are the only ones that predictably do this, though amorphous galaxies may under some conditions. That immediately means, at least for initial formation on the surface of a planet, elliptical and ring galaxies can basically be ruled out.
Of course, there may be other conditions that could shield life from heavy cosmic radiation, such as deep oceans with geothermal vents or being the moon of a gas giant with a powerful geomagnetic field, or in the middle of a dust cloud that blocks out a lot of radiation. Each of those poses their own problems to achieve a space faring civilization, however. Not impossible, but a lot harder than what we've benefitted from.
I'm curious on your thoughts on this.
Nice Raycon plug, Isaac! funny i watch the whole video but this is what makes me comment.
Hi
Do you have a collection of the sci-fi books you've recommended in your videos?
18:45- is that illustration from MidJourney or DALL-E? I don't see credits for illustrations on the channel lately.
@All - Keep safey proofing space travel.
I would assume any areas near a wolf *rayat star of magentar in radius of 15k light years makes a great dead zone
If I were a betting man, then I would look for life in stars nearby white dwarfs that were simular mass to our sun
What do you people think about the paper "The Casimir warp drive:Is the Casimir Effect a valid candidate to generate and sustain a Natario warp drive spacetime bubble??" by Fernando Loup ? What are pros, cons, rebutes? Can the casimir effect be used to wrap space-time, or even perhaps work as sublight drive OR bend time (stasis chambers) inside the ship ? Since the casimir effect exists, is this clacktech? Hawking radiation is not clarktech and we can't reproduce in the lab.
I wonder if bone conducting headphones would bypass your hearing damage.
Hey Isaac! Uhm, I really love your channel. :>
That’s all.
And…maybe…if you could…do a video, on…gosh I don’t know there’s nothing you haven’t talked about!
Except yourself! You don’t talk about yourself much and you don’t have to if you’re uncomfortable with it but your community loves you and as an aspiring science influenc-I mean researcher, I’d love to hear your story.
Maybe you’ve already made such a video and I’ve just missed it?
Why is the center of the solar system lower on light than we are? If stars are packed millions of times more densely, wouldn't it be brighter? I calculated that, on average, the distance between stars there would be about the distance from the Sun to Neptune. Any planets would be getting light from more than one star.
What if the rock that hit earth and formed the moon was our terraforming event AND our seed ship?
The biggest problem there is that life-as-we-know-it couldn't have survived that impact.
@@boobah5643 what if it were in containers that could? Time capsules so to speak.
Habitable worlds might be at some large planet or multiple star system Lagrange points.
Our planet is 93 million miles from our Star
Can you do a video about everyday life for an average pioneer on Mars.
26:18 can you add pauses between sentences? It helps my brain register the thought and ponder for a split second before having to focus on a new sentence.
(Or just speak slower...it seems like you're rushing)
The Raymond ad at the end is quite convincing but beware of the buy a second pair gotcha.
Your videos are incredibly detailed and cover so many different aspects on how things could or would turn out, it’s fascinating and I love it! and you need a job at NASA! if you don’t allready work there I’m not sure? 😊
Hello there!
A few million years before Mars is in the zone.
*Fermi Paradox QUESTIONS:* 1. Is it possible that life is simply a corrosive like acid or rust? If you belonged to a species that believed this, might you view it as everybody's best interest to NOT spread life among other planets? What if it's so hard not to "contaminate" every environment life touches that it's best not to risk damaging what might be a delicate balance of factors within life-sustaining solar systems?
Also...
2. If you managed to "travel" back in time 50 years, you'll be dead in space if you don't also calculate exactly where the Earth was in space at that precise moment 50 years ago. (The entire solar system is orbiting the sun, which orbits the center of the galaxy at speeds beyond most of our comprehension, so Earth is basically never in the same spot for more than a nano-flash! To add to the confusion, we don't even know what the galaxy orbits, if anything at all.) ...Or is gravity so strong that you'd still be bound to the planet even if you managed to travel back in time 50 years? (This is a Fermi Paradox question HERE: Is it possible that maybe more "advanced" life forms perceive existence from a different perspective of time that never intersects with ours, especially if we discover it's difficult/impossible to keep track of galactic - or even intergalactic - time without knowing where/when one is in the universe??)