In Nuclear fission When the neutron hits the nucleus of u-235 certain particle's(either one of proton's or neutron's mass in u-235 nucleus is bieng converted to energy right??)But the question is is it one of proton in u-235 nucleus or one of neutron in u-235 nucleus???
@@shashankchandra1068 with atoms of high numbers of protons (so when protons>= 82) the type of nuclear decay that takes place is alpha decay where an alpha particle which consists of 4 nucleons, 2 of which are protons and the other 2 are neutrons. I know for uranium 238 decays via alpha.
@@jawadulkarim8877 Hi, It's an example of British 'under statement', it's meant as a little joke, hence the two exclamation marks. In reality I'm sure the syllabus has changed substantially. Cheers Paul
Hi, I 've got a question, maybe you could help me find an answer to : If an atom undergoes a beta minus decay, does the product of this decay have a positive charge? A neutron changes to proton (we've got one more positive charge in this atom), and an electron formed goes away. And second part of a question - this electron that goes away is not one of atom's electrons - it is an electron formed in conversion of n->p +e. Am I right? An extra electron?
Immediately after the decay, the atom is a positive ion with a net charge of +1. Unless this atom is isolated, it will quickly attract an electron (from the product of other decays happening nearby) to become a neutral atom.
In Nuclear fission When the neutron hits the nucleus of u-235 certain particle's(either one of proton's or neutron's mass in u-235 nucleus is bieng converted to energy right??)But the question is is it one of proton in u-235 nucleus or one of neutron in u-235 nucleus???
@@PhysicsOnline at some point in the nuclear fission process 'Something's' Mass is bieng converted into nuclear energy right,but here the question is what is that Something?
@@PhysicsOnline so does it mean every single proton and neutron present in u-236 nucleus looses some mass and that mass is converted into nuclear energy?SPECIFICALLY ASKING
In the diagram I've seen, which includes the W- boson decaying into the anti electron neutrino and a neutrino; with a Y-axis of time; the anti-neutrino when the W- boson decays, points toward the point of separation for the neutrino and electron, against the axis of time. Is this because anti particles interact differently or opposingly with time, or could it be because it moves like a perpendicular vector to the electron? Could you please explain, much appreciated!
The direction of the arrow shows if it's an anti particle or not. The anti-neutrino is given out but the arrows points backwards to show it is an anti particle.
A Level Physics Online Thanks, appreciate this. Also, just a note as I'm currently studying the characteristics of light; and one thing I don't actually know: the directions of each variable. What I mean by this is why when light is travelling in a particular direction, where you measure the electric field on a Y-axis, and the magnetic field on an X-axis with the direction as the z-axis; why when the electric field when rising in the Y-axis, the magnetic field protrudes on a specifc side relative to the direction (also known as the right hand rule when studying it at a lower level). Why is this? What about this makes the magnetic field move to the "left" when the electric field moves "up"; is it simply a law of light, or what? I just can't figure out why this is.
BETA DECAY and My Model for PROTON and NEUTRON. Beta Decay takes two basic forms: BETA MINUS DECAY: a neutron breaks down into a proton and electron. Plus energy is released. BETA PLUS DECAY: a proton and electron combine to build a neutron. Plus energy is added. BACKGROUND of MY MODEL Proton = two positrons and one electron. Charge +1. Neutron - one proton and one electron. Charge 0. BETA MINUS DECAY: Neutron breaks down into a proton, and releases an electron.. Plus energy from an anti neutrino. BETA PLUS DECAY: Proton plus pair of virtual particles makes a neutron. Plus energy from a neutrino. OR Proton plus virtual electron makes a neutron and a virtual positron is released. Plus energy from a neutrino. THIS EXPLAINS Where the missing anti matter is - in protons and neutrons. Why a proton and electron have exact same opposite charge. Where the positron in beta plus decay comes from.
In Nuclear fission When the neutron hits the nucleus of u-235 certain particle's(either one of proton's or neutron's mass in u-235 nucleus is bieng converted to energy right??)But the question is is it one of proton in u-235 nucleus or one of neutron in u-235 nucleus???
In my oxford textbook for OCR A it says nothing about the baryon number or lepton number - do we need to know this? Is it enough to explain these in terms of quarks?
Great video! I am 15 and now I understand this. One thing: neutrinos are shown to have mass, just very small, at least 1 millionth that of an electron.Basically negligible i think.
How can an up quark turn into a down quark though (and vice versa)? By the magic of borrowing a couple opposite leptons I see, but what actually just happened?
From excess energy. The neutron is the slightest bit heavier than the proton (down quark has more mass than up quark) and so when neutron is turned into a proton, the excess mass/energy must maniefest into SOMETHING. That something is the electron+anti electron neutreno. Because the charge change of neutron (0) must be conserved, the proton would be 1 and the other particle must be - 1 (aka electron)
If an electron has a Z number of -1, why don't atoms of elements have a Z number of 0 (considering there are an equal number of protons and electrons, so their Z numbers cancel to give 0)?
Is the decay of proton to neutron or vice versa natural or does this require a W boson from the interaction with a neutrino / antineutrino in the first place? According to my book neutrinos / antineutrinos can initiate this quark change. It would make sense that the expelled neutrino / antineutrino would be what continues the decay in other unstable nuclei in a sample, and the time this takes to interact with other nuclei in the sample correlates to half life.
I believe I can answer my own question. If no antineutrino or neutrinos are present the decay is spontaneous. The W- Boson will decay into an electron (B- particle) and an antineutrino. The W+ Boson will decay into a positron (B+ particle) and a neutrino. If however a neutrino or an antineutrino are present, they can initiate the decay in an unstable nucleus (before it would occur naturally). In this case the neutrino or antineutrino are absorbed and the same changes happen between proton / neutron and vice versa with release or a correlating beta particle. The neutrino is not emitted again otherwise a chain reaction would be initiated from the combination of spontaneous decay and neutrino / antineutrino initiated decay. Phew!
7:18 when its for beta plus decay, it also releases a positron? Probably does, but you didn’t state that or change the charge of the beta particle to a positive. Anyway, explained very well and makes things very intuitive :)
In Nuclear fission When the neutron hits the nucleus of u-235 certain particle's(either one of proton's or neutron's mass in u-235 nucleus is bieng converted to energy right??)But the question is is it one of proton in u-235 nucleus or one of neutron in u-235 nucleus???
It’s all in our heads. I used to draw protons in blue, neutrons in red and electrons in black in the board. I used these colours based on some material from Queen Mary University and their Lego Physics, then it just got out of control!
I'm a little confused as to how/why beta decay actually occurs? How does a neutron decay into proton if a proton is the only stable baryon? Does anyone know? :)
A proton being a stable baryon means it doesn't experience decay, not that things can't decay into it. Unstable things decay to become more stable things, so an unstable neutron decays into a stable proton.
A must watch for anyone doing A level physics - so easy to understand and unbelievably useful! Thank you so much :)
Thank you!
In Nuclear fission When the neutron hits the nucleus of u-235 certain particle's(either one of proton's or neutron's mass in u-235 nucleus is bieng converted to energy right??)But the question is is it one of proton in u-235 nucleus or one of neutron in u-235 nucleus???
@@shashankchandra1068 with atoms of high numbers of protons (so when protons>= 82) the type of nuclear decay that takes place is alpha decay where an alpha particle which consists of 4 nucleons, 2 of which are protons and the other 2 are neutrons. I know for uranium 238 decays via alpha.
Astounded at how he managed to pull apart those legos with such ease! at 6:12
A nicely paced video with excellent visualisation.
The syllabus for A level physics has moved on a little since I did it in 1977!!
only little?
@@jawadulkarim8877 Hi, It's an example of British 'under statement', it's meant as a little joke, hence the two exclamation marks. In reality I'm sure the syllabus has changed substantially. Cheers Paul
@@pauln1557 u did ur a levels before my dad was even born 💀💀
my physics teacher did not explain this very well and i had no idea where the neutrino comes from, this really helped, thank you!
You deserve an OBE for these videos
Me too.
I wish I had a teacher like you at my school.
im only at gcse and this explanation was so clear that i could understand it, thank you!!!
I'm 11 and i could understand it very clear explanation
the way you explained neutrino is coming into the story was amazing.
Always gotta love the visualisation as a fan of Lego, a very helpful and non-difficult to understand video!
Incredible way of explaining, I understood everything so easily, thanks
Damn this guy taught me great stuffs using legos...
Great video mate, easy to follow!
I have my exams tomorrow and this guy is a Legend!
You have the best quality contents,
I have come around so far...
Respect++;
Thank you so much, this is very well done and very didatic! I loved the legos, they are great ways to visualize everything. This was amazing!
was finally able to understand this topic. thank youu
I must admit that lessons today have not any comparizon with the one we had to (try to) digest in early seventies !
Thanks for this refreshing.
Love your videos, appreciate your work so much! Thanks for helping!
This is a good demonstration
I can't think of any other physics channel that makes learning as simple as this.
Very clear and informative
Hi, I 've got a question, maybe you could help me find an answer to : If an atom undergoes a beta minus decay, does the product of this decay have a positive charge? A neutron changes to proton (we've got one more positive charge in this atom), and an electron formed goes away. And second part of a question - this electron that goes away is not one of atom's electrons - it is an electron formed in conversion of n->p +e. Am I right? An extra electron?
I had the same doubt !!!
Immediately after the decay, the atom is a positive ion with a net charge of +1. Unless this atom is isolated, it will quickly attract an electron (from the product of other decays happening nearby) to become a neutral atom.
This was so helpful thank you!
Nice video, helped me out
You are awesome.
thanks brother
Well expalined
So we'll presented! Thank you!
I am binge-watching all of your nuclear particle physics videos, they're really interesting and very helpful. Thank you so much!
In Nuclear fission When the neutron hits the nucleus of u-235 certain particle's(either one of proton's or neutron's mass in u-235 nucleus is bieng converted to energy right??)But the question is is it one of proton in u-235 nucleus or one of neutron in u-235 nucleus???
Not quite right. The neutron is absorbed so it become U-236, at that point it can split apart. As it does so some energy is released.
@@PhysicsOnline at some point in the nuclear fission process 'Something's' Mass is bieng converted into nuclear energy right,but here the question is what is that Something?
@@shashankchandra1068 It's a very small amount of the total mass of the U-236
@@PhysicsOnline so does it mean every single proton and neutron present in u-236 nucleus looses some mass and that mass is converted into nuclear energy?SPECIFICALLY ASKING
@@shashankchandra1068 Yes. It's not like all the mass of one single particle is transferred to energy.
Thats genius. legos are actually great teaching tools
Well explained! Thank you sir 😊
In the diagram I've seen, which includes the W- boson decaying into the anti electron neutrino and a neutrino; with a Y-axis of time; the anti-neutrino when the W- boson decays, points toward the point of separation for the neutrino and electron, against the axis of time. Is this because anti particles interact differently or opposingly with time, or could it be because it moves like a perpendicular vector to the electron? Could you please explain, much appreciated!
The direction of the arrow shows if it's an anti particle or not. The anti-neutrino is given out but the arrows points backwards to show it is an anti particle.
A Level Physics Online Thanks, appreciate this.
Also, just a note as I'm currently studying the characteristics of light; and one thing I don't actually know:
the directions of each variable.
What I mean by this is why when light is travelling in a particular direction, where you measure the electric field on a Y-axis, and the magnetic field on an X-axis with the direction as the z-axis; why when the electric field when rising in the Y-axis, the magnetic field protrudes on a specifc side relative to the direction (also known as the right hand rule when studying it at a lower level). Why is this? What about this makes the magnetic field move to the "left" when the electric field moves "up"; is it simply a law of light, or what? I just can't figure out why this is.
BETA DECAY and My Model for PROTON and NEUTRON.
Beta Decay takes two basic forms:
BETA MINUS DECAY: a neutron breaks down into a proton and electron. Plus energy is released.
BETA PLUS DECAY: a proton and electron combine to build a neutron. Plus energy is added.
BACKGROUND of MY MODEL
Proton = two positrons and one electron. Charge +1.
Neutron - one proton and one electron. Charge 0.
BETA MINUS DECAY:
Neutron breaks down into a proton, and releases an electron..
Plus energy from an anti neutrino.
BETA PLUS DECAY:
Proton plus pair of virtual particles makes a neutron. Plus energy from a neutrino. OR
Proton plus virtual electron makes a neutron and a virtual positron is released. Plus energy from a neutrino.
THIS EXPLAINS
Where the missing anti matter is - in protons and neutrons.
Why a proton and electron have exact same opposite charge.
Where the positron in beta plus decay comes from.
Mass energy and momentum are also conserved,right?
This video was very good👍👌
Can you do a video on strangeness and annihilation plz,pretty plz.
In Nuclear fission When the neutron hits the nucleus of u-235 certain particle's(either one of proton's or neutron's mass in u-235 nucleus is bieng converted to energy right??)But the question is is it one of proton in u-235 nucleus or one of neutron in u-235 nucleus???
very well explained
Sir, in beta plus decay, the proton turns into a neutron, but why doesn’t the mass number increase after decay?
In my oxford textbook for OCR A it says nothing about the baryon number or lepton number - do we need to know this? Is it enough to explain these in terms of quarks?
Great video! I am 15 and now I understand this.
One thing: neutrinos are shown to have mass, just very small, at least 1 millionth that of an electron.Basically negligible i think.
How can an up quark turn into a down quark though (and vice versa)? By the magic of borrowing a couple opposite leptons I see, but what actually just happened?
Thanks a lots
If a nucleus has an excess of neutrons it decays and lets go of a neutron? And this whole thing happens?
Where does the electron come from?!
From excess energy. The neutron is the slightest bit heavier than the proton (down quark has more mass than up quark) and so when neutron is turned into a proton, the excess mass/energy must maniefest into SOMETHING. That something is the electron+anti electron neutreno. Because the charge change of neutron (0) must be conserved, the proton would be 1 and the other particle must be - 1 (aka electron)
Here's another explanation: ruclips.net/video/1p82NMNRr6U/видео.html
In the OCR A 2015 Spec, it doesn't say that we need to know about Mesons and Baryons. Is it just something good to know?
I think it is just something good to know (for OCR you only need to know that Hadrons are made of quarks and experience the strong interaction)
very good video
Does an antineutron decay into an anti-proton, a positron, and a neutrino?
If an electron has a Z number of -1, why don't atoms of elements have a Z number of 0 (considering there are an equal number of protons and electrons, so their Z numbers cancel to give 0)?
Is the decay of proton to neutron or vice versa natural or does this require a W boson from the interaction with a neutrino / antineutrino in the first place? According to my book neutrinos / antineutrinos can initiate this quark change. It would make sense that the expelled neutrino / antineutrino would be what continues the decay in other unstable nuclei in a sample, and the time this takes to interact with other nuclei in the sample correlates to half life.
I believe I can answer my own question. If no antineutrino or neutrinos are present the decay is spontaneous. The W- Boson will decay into an electron (B- particle) and an antineutrino. The W+ Boson will decay into a positron (B+ particle) and a neutrino.
If however a neutrino or an antineutrino are present, they can initiate the decay in an unstable nucleus (before it would occur naturally). In this case the neutrino or antineutrino are absorbed and the same changes happen between proton / neutron and vice versa with release or a correlating beta particle. The neutrino is not emitted again otherwise a chain reaction would be initiated from the combination of spontaneous decay and neutrino / antineutrino initiated decay.
Phew!
Hello, is there a video available on particle annihilation or not?
whats the connection between baryon and lepton no. and spin of particle
where did you get the lego bricks from? Is there some store which sells them in the right colours?
Direct from Lego - it's called Lego Pick a Brick
7:18 when its for beta plus decay, it also releases a positron? Probably does, but you didn’t state that or change the charge of the beta particle to a positive. Anyway, explained very well and makes things very intuitive :)
In Nuclear fission When the neutron hits the nucleus of u-235 certain particle's(either one of proton's or neutron's mass in u-235 nucleus is bieng converted to energy right??)But the question is is it one of proton in u-235 nucleus or one of neutron in u-235 nucleus???
What would happen if I tried to squeez an electron inside a neutron?
2:49
are you saying (no mass) = (very little mass)?
Is this the same as electron capture? If not then tell the difference plz
creative 👍
is it only me, or you used wrong colors? :D proton should be red, neutron grey and electron yellow. no?
It’s all in our heads. I used to draw protons in blue, neutrons in red and electrons in black in the board. I used these colours based on some material from Queen Mary University and their Lego Physics, then it just got out of control!
I am concerned about the byproduct electron where it seriously came from?
I’m stuck on the conservation of alpha decay
what doesn't make sense about it?
beta minus decay , and radioactive decay ???
But what about spin?
whats a bairum and a lepton number😢
I'm a little confused as to how/why beta decay actually occurs? How does a neutron decay into proton if a proton is the only stable baryon? Does anyone know? :)
A proton being a stable baryon means it doesn't experience decay, not that things can't decay into it. Unstable things decay to become more stable things, so an unstable neutron decays into a stable proton.
Thank you, that makes sense. What about a proton decaying into a neutron, do you know why that happens?
I'm afraid I don't, sorry :I
Ah okay, thanks anyway
sometimes decay into a neutron would make the nucleus more stable
Why electron emit it is apure nuclei process
i wish we actually learned this at school
Please use diagrams like round circle for an electron instead of Legos to improve understanding
why is it just a neutrino
No mass? So they do travel at light speed?
If they have enough energy to travel at that speed
Im 14 and yet understand all of this ... is this normal?
Edit:instead of how quarks work (am working on that)
Oh yeah yeah
This is the guy from up learn
This is gcse now
Anyone from safehands
too much confusion