TCP/IP and Subnet Masking
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 28 сен 2024
- Level: Intermediate
Date Created: November 19, 2010
Length of Class: 69 Minutes
Tracks
Networking
Prerequisites
Introduction to Networking
Purpose of Class
This class teaches students about the components and concepts in a TCP/IP network.
Chapters
TCP/IP Overview (2:32)
How TCP/IP Works (16:53)
TCP/IP Numbering (43:00)
Subnet Masking (48:17)
Final Thoughts (64:03)
Class Notes
1. TCP/IP
Is technically a Protcol Suite
IP Routes Traffic
Layer 3 OSI Model Network
Routable Networks (sub networks)
TCP controls transmission between connected systems
Layer 4 OSI Model Transport
Windowing is the process of sending data from one computer to another in TCP/IP version 4
2. How TCP/IP Works
IP Addresses -- Every device on a TCP/IP network needs an individual IP Address
DNS (Domain Name Service/Server) resolves Domain names into IP Addreses
DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protcol) Servers automatically assign IP information to clients for a specific time period (Lease). Clients try to renew leases at 50% expiration point.
Default Gateway (Router) connects networks. If an IP Address cannot be found on the local network the computer tries to use the Default Gateway to find the target.
Subnets and Subnet Masking -- Subnets are individual networks. Subnet Masks divide IP Addresses in Subnet Number and Host Number
What the Number Mean
IP Addresses and Subnet Masks are made of 4 Octets of Bits
128-64-32-16-8-4-2-1
Subnet Masking
IP Addresses contain the Subnet Number and Host Number. The Subnet Mask tells you where the subnet number ends and the host number begins.
Classful Networks A, B, C,D,E Gone now use CIDR
The Highest Address in a Subnet Range is the Broadcast address
To determine the number of subnets (n is the number of bits used)= 2n
To determine number of Hosts = 2n -2 
Наука
10 years later, this video is still very relevant. Thank you!
oh yea! had break few yrs from IT and I am getting there :P 2morrow iinterwiev :P
and now 11 years lol
@@FlatStella1 Me as well
_Checks the calendar_
Yep, ipv4 is still a thing.
2:33 TCP/IP Overview
16:54 How TCP/IP works
18:58 Default gateway
22:13 DNS server
25:07 DHCP
35:14 NAT
43:03 Binary conversion
48:20 Subnet Masking
1:02:52 Summary
+Kei Korono thx
+Kei Korono You're awesome yo
+Kei Korono Loving you right now.
On Fri
+Kei Korono Thanks for taking the time for making a table of contents. You are appreciated. You really are.
My left ear is very well informed.
and my right one
mine too
Co-ho! I only wear my headphones on my left ear, so I haven't noticed haha
I guess if the audio was on the right channel, I'd be pretty pissed off right now
He'll do another presentation for the right ear.
AHahaAHHAhAH same here!
Sir I am going to school to become a Network engineer and I have watched a lot of your content, you inspire me. I am 40 years old and I always loved hardware and what the guys in the closet did. I made a decision to do something I have a passion about. I was in finance for years and hated it. I study 3-4 hours a day and a lot of the time 6 hrs because I love the science behind every part of this sport. Thank you for doing these videos and being honest about the industry. You are my favorite resource online. Continued success !!!!!
I see you made this comment 1 year ago , How are things going for you? I find myself in the same boat as you , I'm 36 and trying to make a career in IT technology . There are lot of "elements" that strive to blow us astray. There are challenges, In case you have had to face these hurdles then I would say "jump" Jump ... now let the van halen tune sink in for a bit. Now, arise and stay the course. In case you are doing great and did not need the motivation I say still great. Your comment actually has inspired me to carry on .. carry on .. now let Queen sink in for the bit . Let's unlearn, relearn and be the best .. :)
He is the bomb.com!!!
Same for me. I want to become a network engineer and these videos actually helped me understand so much.
Ian C Jordan are you a network engineer now?
I saw the comments and wanted to speak up too :) I am 33 and just started my studies in Computing and IT but it is mainly programming and development, I have no qualifications, and a lot of difficulties that have held me back in areas
I've been programming with Python for about 3 to 4 years now but all self taught, from buying a £30 raspberry pi and searching for tutorials, but with no structure. The internet is an amazing tool for self-learning but it is just mayhem if you aren't structured with what you want to do.
So I managed to get funding for my studies and I am now doing a degree in University of Wales UK - the degree is Computing and IT, but this first term I am learning 2 modules Maths (compulsary for programming in this Uni) and Technologies in Practice which has been awesome so far...Block 1 we covered robotics and programmed simulated bots and lego mindstorms to do all sorts of cool stuff like robot grand prix's and search and rescue simulations with programming :) I won the Grand prix by hacking into the coding interfaces encrypted config files and editing the power to the robots wheel motors. Everyone, including me, set their power to max (10) at the start line, and mine shot into the lead - I almost lapped them - and the looks on their faces when mine sped off and left them behind was priceless!
We are now covering Networking, mainly for Windows systems and it is a little hefty to read in comparison but the next block is Linux - Next term we are going into Java and also web development languages.
I am loving it - and Eli has been a great source of information for me. Even if I don't get a career in the industry I will find a way to program or develop from home. I am looking into Penetration testing and web security, but also AI - like Automated Cars etc
The way you present your classes even if they are 2 hours long, it never feels boring,I keep engaged from the beginning to the end. Thank you.
are you watching this in 2020?
still majority people are on tcp/ipv4
Not ready to hop on ipv6 bandwagon yet.....
Yup
I am and It is helping me so much.
I'll update again in 2030.
Neddier switching is hassle. It’s not like you can just make the switch. Lots of work has to be put into it.
This man explains what I need to know for college better than the teacher and the textbook combined
+Jack Jackson Exactly. I've learned from this man in an hour what my professor could not teach in the span of 3 months. I am ecstatic that I found out about his existence.
+Jack Jackson Word
thanks god for this guy. My teacher is too lazy he just mashing information from some books into his literature, the info are all over the place.
What schools do you guys go to? I will make sure to avoid!
forreal dude. its pretty pathetic on the professors part... my guy doesnt teach, just reads over the powerpoint.. spent about 3 min on sub net masking
Eli The Computer Guy! The best Instructor ever online. We are fortunate for having such dedicated and awesome person like you for making such cool educational videos available. Much respect all the way from Papua New Guinea and may God bless you and your Family. Keep doing amazing stuff!
agreed
I've been in IT for 10 years and decided to do a refresher for an interview... you're outstanding. Thank you!
Brilliant teacher. Great technique. Explains, repeats and reinforces every time. True professional.
I don't think any other person would explain better than him.Simply the best.
Oh yes there are, people who truly understand the topic and have a structured presentation!
Thank you for inspiring me 13 years ago. I become a great computer guy in our community.
I didn't regret after watching this tutorial for the entire 1 hour, time well spent. Thanks Eli!
This is an amazing breakdown! I've received certifications and been to countless classes where the teacher wasn't nearly this clear and understandable! I really appreciate you taking the time to do this. So generous with your knowledge and time.
The
Nice and honest guy. He does not pretend to know-it-all; does his best to explain difficult subjects. Thank you.
Eli you just gave me the drive to go back into IT and 10 years later get my degree. This takes me back to my college days that I did not finish. Good classes!
I'm sorry you've decided to waste more time and money learning something that computers can do much better and society is too broke to pay you to do, anyway.
Yeah! Tomorrow I'm crashing the IT department. No more mopping for me! Prepare yourselves nerds!
00:00 Presentation
00:40 Scope of the lesson
02:32 TCP/IP v4 overview
06:25 IP position in the OSI model
07:33 Windowing
16:37 TCP position in the OSI model
16:51 Components and logic in TCP/IP
21:01 DNS and friendly domains
24:59 DHCP
35:06 NAT
43:01 Subnet Masking: Binary meaning of a numeric representation
48:16 Actual subnet masking: network and device identifiers
51:22 Class C subnet example
56:16 Allocating addresses with subnet mask and A,B and C classes explained
59:05 Creating more than one network over the same octet
1:04:03 Summary of the lesson
Eli, you are probably one of THE BEST content creators... looking at your old videos - you have just be a wealth of information. To see your channel go is very sad - state of affairs - but all big tech platorms are in that direction.... very dsad
I wish I watched this when I was in university. I had a really hard time understanding subnet masks. The textbook we were using for my networking course was completely useless. It basically assumed you knew everything already. My prof didn't seem to care.
Now I finally understand the concept. Thanks so much =D
Everything I never understood about tcp/ip, amazingly easy explained in one short video. Man how much I hate bad teachers
Everyone was talking about the mono audio and had to unplug my Sony WH-1000xm3 to check. The headphones somehow automatically distributed the audio and balanced it well to my left ear. The lectures are awesome and learned more than what my lecturer taught me in networking.
Who gives this a thumbs down? The man is teaching for free. Great videos @ Eli, thank you.
there is a chance that people with 2 ears are down voting this dont know why tho
haters
Angelius, jealous people give this video a thumbs down
People that think that he should get better mic
can't understand why this much info is out there for free :)
Eli, Thank you so much for taking time to help us out.
Eli-I have been watching your video lessons for a while now but I must say that you really saved me this time. Taking a condensed 5 week class and I missed the first 2 weeks because I had a medical emergency. Tried to catch up, got to subnet masking and thought I was going to lose my mind. Thanks for helping make this so much easier to understand. You rock!
You’re right. It’s now 2020 and we still primarily use TCP/IP 4
That's true and it makes sense for sub-networks, but you really should be using IPv6 for your public services. It takes a few minutes to configure for both v4 and v6 and you can pretty forget it.
Hi Eli, I am 75, & only a home computer user with a bit more savvi of computers than most of my friends. Contrary to Erv's comments, I found it all very interesting & understandable, in the way you put this across. I will probably never use all that info, & probably not be able to remember a lot of it anyway, but this & your other videos are captivating. I am surprised that I did understand so much, helped very much by your "simplifications". After all , I guess you are not trying to teach people who already know this stuff. If they find it all too simplistic, what is their reason for looking? I feel I have benefited a great deal in last couple of hours.
Regards, Martin, UK
You're very inspirational.
During my 15 year career as a developer, I made various attempts to understand networking. Even had a subject in college degree where I carried Tannenbaum book to sleep. Still, today 2018 Oct 5 was the day, everything fell in place! And you made it work with just 40 minutes(2X speed). Thank you! I will contribute 5 euros to charity for you.
done
You just earned yourself a new subscriber! Thanks for your many *FREE QUALITY* videos!
I got my MCSE in 2010, and retired from National Defense after a few years. Thank you for your well produced vids which i enjoy to keep current as well as refresh.
I’m watching this in 2022 and still relevant. Thanks for the vid.
@@pucie_boi TCP/IP v4 is still relevant.
@@pucie_boi The smug is strong with this one
@@ContemporaryCultist I agree. it's pretty sad. All you can do is the right thing and just ignore these delusional people.
This is really awesome lecture, the way he explained and detailed he covered...Hats off to you....:)
I have been looking all this IP add, TCP IP in my lesson at the class. No sense till I came across this video. Now I'm getting everything load and clear. Thank you.
Fantastic job explaining a difficult topic, Thanks Eli!
Thank you so much. This is the only place I've been able to find a proper, thorough explanation of a subnet mask. Every other one I've seen has left me scratching my head.
dude you are an awesome teacher, i need to drink water in my tutorials around the five minutes speech jajajja
I'm breathing a sigh of relief at how easy you make this to understand.
Damn, dude. Great explanation for idiots like me.
I love you dude. Thank you for breaking this down in English!!!!
I'm studying to get a new job into IT.. lately you've become my new best friend. Thanks a lot Eli!
2020 still using v4.
I’ll check back in 2034 when this is recommended again
you don't want ipv6 on, this circumvented government can then gather even more shitloads of data from YOU ;)
In order to get rid of IPv4 networking, all analog or 56k wired usage would have to be replaced to a digitized medium. Not gonna happen. 5G networking, however, can be a valid option to fiber speeds within a network.
Look, we dont even have all dial up lines upgraded to DSL, nor does 4G LTE work everywhere, just as 5G will take about 5 years before we see anything in rural areas such as mine.
This is the first time I have had subnet masking click for me, very well explained, Eli.
Every time I see you in my feed. I always think you're in jail, and doing this stuff.
or captured by ISIS
Jorge Sepulveda that just escalated from 0 to 100 very quickly
this is epic.
+Eternia hahaha
Use your jack a little away from your port , you will get in both of your ear , I also faced same issue and come up with the sol :D
On Mac Os High Sierra go to: System Preferences --> Accessibility --> Audio --> Play stereo audio as mono
Oh my God! Eli the Computer Guy... I started watching his videos in 2013 when I began my IT career. Just had this pop up in my recommended. Haha wow!!! The dude has solid information people pay attention to him.
Didn't know Jason Statham had a brother teaching networking stuff...
+fr3ds4t Vaahahaaaa!! lol!! >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Exactly that's what i was wondering.. lol..
lol
fr3ds4t he doesn't. Poor attempt sir.
fr3ds4t Haha nice guess bud
Great explanation. And great facial expressions ,face exercise techniques
Nikhil Manhas He looked like he was constantly thinking "Too much math, way too many numbers and talking. They'll probably not understand or get bored and skip."
Tasos Kozi That's because those of us who think about all of this stuff IS thinking in steps as we are talking about it. That is just how our brains work. Have you ever studied the OSI model?
skybitscom No, I haven't, but I'll look it up.
I follow u sir Since 2012. Still U r the best sir. Eli the Computer Guy !!! thank you sir. after 10 years i am here to get my dream job. God bless sir !
2:18 ..hello from 2021.. IPv6 still isn't really a thing yet ;)
Thank you Eli!!! You make things very understandable for the novice!! Pay no attention to the negative comments! THANK YOU, THANK YOU, THANK YOU!!! I've only seen a couple but I AM hooked on your teaching ability!!
i followed this video and i got everything in one go im happy c:
subnets was the best part to, i want to divide the bits on my router now C:
The audio only goes into my left ear.
Same here :/
I only get it from my left speaker...
That is caused by the editing done.
People retain more through left ear training
same
10 years later I'm back to basics again thank you Eli
Everybody needs to touch up on the basics once in awhile.
Tip: use mono audio option in android accessibility service. If you use headphones to listen it will help.
Absolutely brilliant. Exposing myself to multiple views of these protocols is proving to be very illuminating. Thanks
Am trying to wrap my head around this whole networking thing - this is the best explanation I've come across - thanks!
and still using TCP/IP v4 hehe... 2016
lol
He wasnt wrong lol
You might be but that doesn't mean everyone is. If companies didn't start to switch, we would have already run out of addresses.
2018 stats:
Alexa Top Million Websites: 17% with working IPv6 (up from 13% in 2017)
Alexa Top 1,000 Websites: 28% with working IPv6 (up from 23% in 2017)
I use both
my left ear hurts now
GRRR, been fiddling with my speakers and sound settings for 20 minutes.
***** You could check if it works with other videos.
Turn on surround
True. :P
Watching this video few years ago, I thought I had wasted my sweet 69 minutes! After so many University classes and so much money later, I wish I had learned this thing 10 years ago! I am required to watch it paying a very close attention now! Thank you Eli!
12+ hours studying written material and I have learned more in 18 minutes of listening to this beautiful geek. I hope this is monetized and he's a gajillionaire :*
1 hour of pure knowledge on TCP-IP. Thanks a ton Sir
Am i the only one who hears him through only one speaker?
same here
WHAT???
It's some audio glitch.
Audio not in stereo.
Eli explained it another time, it is a problem that only happened when he uploaded to RUclips, while he was focusing mainly on his own site
I always play this video with the "The OSI Model Demystified" video panned to my right ear for efficiency.
my right ear is lonely.
Mapple Unplug your headphones slightly, but not all the way. I have no idea why this works.
Ashuvain That is what I did lol.
Ashuvain Got an USB one... :(
Mapple I turned on surround on my headset xd
+Mapple If you're on a mobile device, usually under accessibility there is an option to send out mono audio.
This. Guy is really amazing.He is a good teacher he helps a lot to understand TCP ip I could not make
The difference I would like to communicate with him.I can learn a lot from this man.
people who dislike videos like this should explain why they are doing so... I do not want to watch something which could brought more confusion to my studies, but I will rely on those a lot positive responses and keep watching it :)
Got home all drained after having trouble provisioning a polycom phone for a remote client. Watched this and now feel so empowered.
Have you ever thought about updating these videos
Great video.
I'm confused about two things: First, I thought the ISP the ones that assigns IP addresses to device, not the DHCP? Second, I thought each time a device connects to the internet, it gets assigned a different IP address. Thats why the ISP needs to know the log in time of the device in order to know who uses it, This goes against the concept of lease time which claims IP addresses stay assigned to a device for a number of days.
+Onlyme2015 , Eli repeats his scenarios (over and over and over again) using 'lame' if not poorly conceived metaphors', misinformation, or labors over details that aren't necessarily important when it comes to teaching concepts. Any new student to TCP/IP will either get totally confused and or simply fall asleep.
+Erv Howe "lame"..? feel free to to provide a link to your high quality content. Creating training for a mass audience is not as straight forward as it may seem. I'm completely fine if you don't like my work, but insulting free training that is provided for free is a bit tedious...
+Eli the Computer Guy, sorry Eli. I didn't mean to offend your teaching skills which are generally very good. Especially for noobs. I was only pointing out that sometimes the metaphors and whiteboard drawings can easily be misinterpreted and a bit too oversimplified in areas that should in and of itself quite complex. Not the least of which is subnetting. As an instructor myself, I get the most 'ah-ha' moments by using typical CCNA test questions and parsing them to a more granular level. Repetition of example scenarios makes things 'click' more quickly. The whole idea is to get their heads around deciphering the wording to describe a subnet vs hosts and how to break it all down to BCD/binary exercises until it clicks.
+Erv Howe Well Erv, to each his own. I love Eli's teaching and am very grateful for it. Go work on your own instructional videos if you think you can do better? I'll watch those as well.
+Eli the Computer Guy, Eli you got my full respect. You're doing a great job with your FREE tutorials. I'm seeking for a job at the moment and your tutorials are helping me tremendously to refresh my memory and also to understand concepts that I only heard of them. Keep up your good work! Thank you.
Even with all the scribbling, I understood it perfectly. It appeared chaotic on the board, but the tutorial was organized perfectly. Eli's taught me so much. Id say he should be a professor, but he probably does much better online!
BTW, I totally went for the coffee...and I reviewed out loud to myself as it brewed. Take the advice.
TCP/IP Version 6 will be replaced in a long time, like 2020
Me: Well then...
ennnk not yet
First time have such a kind of clear picture of basic information of networks. Very Good!
Ip protocol? internet protocol protocol?
tcp protocol? transmition control protocol protocol?
a packet or a frame? cuz I've heard that in
transport=segement
network=packet
data link=frame
physical=bits 01010101
yep the osi model... why would I need to write 7layers?
UrAvgLinuxUser
OSI model has 7 layers. thats why
BDBD16 -_- no shit sherlook
I thought you guys were smart enought to know it but I guess not... so you want me to write:
application=nothing
presenttion=nothing
session=nothing
transport=segement
network=packet
data link=frame
physical=bits 01010101
This really helped me when starting off in IT and trying to pass my network+ exam. Great job
just wanted to drop by to say that i used this video 8 years ago Eli. Thank you sir.
11 years later the same.
This guy is genius 💙
He knows almost everything !
Linux aws networking and what not !
Lots of love from india ❤️
Well done! Explained in a very simple way (the challenge is exactly to communicate a complex matter in simple words and helping the target people with easy examples). geat!
"but that could be 2020 or 2030 at the rate we are going" 😱
You hav a great charisma and are teaching so well. Lov your tutorials
arrrrrrrrrrrrrrr i'm pulling my hair out i don't understand the subnetting explanation at all.............lawd help me!
2^32 equals the total amount of address you can have, 4 octets so 4 x 8 = 32. A mask of say 255.255.255.0 is a class C so all the 255 portions will represent the network address, in daily terms of a street address and a house number comparison, it's like your street address becomes the first 3 numbers of the IP. Example 192.168.1.10 with the subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 means the street address is 192.168.1.X where X is your house address or in technical term your device's address. Hence with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 your street address now becomes 192.168.X.X and you are left with more possible combination of numbers for house numbers (devices) . The possible number of devices is caculated with the formular 2^n-2. Why do you minus 2? Because there are 2 specific address that cannot be use and are reserved for specific TCP functions. Hope that helps.
hawken fox
thank you it helps, but i'm still confused lol. basically the subnet mask shows allows us to choose how many street names vs house numbers we want to have: if we want more house numbers, then we will correspondingly have less street names.
CaptainAndrewWiggins Well in application it's about controlling the amount of devices or how big a network should get. You will want to create subnet mask for big corporation that do not want devices to interconnect for security reasons. Subnet mask makes it possible for internal network to be partitioned.
hawken fox sdddffHUHHJJJMLLMLL
Every computer on the Internet has an IP address. Groups of IP addresses are called 'Subnets'(short for 'sub-network'. Sub-networks are organized by their routers.
Watched it again today. Felt nostalgic. Learnt a lot from your videos. Thank you
Some of this is what I learned in my MCSA NET+ courses a few years back.
Man, you have very goof teaching skills. You seem to be an expert in the field. It was easy to understand hearing it from you. Thank you
This made all sorts of sense and is really good information, even at nearly 10 years ago as I am writing this! I just wish he'd gone into specifics on the masking, such as giving examples if say you needed over 254 devices on the same network without jumping all the way up to a full class B mask.
December 2023, who is watching this amazing guy and still find it relevant?
this guy gave me all the information with simple understanding thank you 1 million times
i wish you a very long healthy life, believe it or not you are really changing lives with this information you take time out to put together. God Bless you!!!
I could just listen to u all day long. Very informative and detailed explanation in my opinion. Nice one!
fantastic video. Thank you. TCP IP and subnetting racks my brain as i just started learning about it, this video is helping so far, and i'm not all the way through it
Wow! Wow! and Wow. Eli you are fantastic teacher. Really I learned and I believe that most of the youngester learned a lot I said a lot from you. Big Fan of your man. When I stuck on any topic what I do I just go on youtube and try to find you to explain it. Because again, You are awesome. I don't know why people dislike your video. But anyways.... And at last. Thank you.
Bro, I wish I had you for my networking class back when I was in college. You are so good at explaining technical stuff to lame men. Good job bro.
lay men*
awesome. Very clear. Unlike most instructors.
Glad that I found this guy .. at least in 2020
Same
you're awesome!! you just made everything easier to understand rather than just reading the manual which is a mumbojumbo info lol.
you are legend Eli....best IT class video, period
Yes.....i am watching because i m leuring for MTA networking fundamentals and learning is difficult for me. Eli is a great teacher ( for me ;-)) !!!
Eli is just awesome. Networking seems so easy listening to this Man
Thank you, this really helped me a lot. i think it helped me understand CIDR as well, so double thanks for that, my dude.
I'll have to watch this vid at least another 10 times, After watching once my brain is sooo baked. Subnet masking was the killer!
The best teaching video i've ever seen, this old video was great help.Thanks!