I was fortunate to have a close friend who was a Marine Raider during World War II (later absorbed into the Army). As such, he participated in nearly all of the first wave attacks in our island hopping campaign, including Iwo. He was wounded several times, including this attack I believe. He said the physician removed long cylinders of volcanic ash from his ears! It was great seeing the comparison silhouettes from 1945 to now. When I knew him in the 1980s, he described Mount Suribachi as sitting on a narrow peninsula. He would be shocked to see it now. Thanks for this great video. 👍
@@dna3930 Wouldn't the lava cool quickly? Use some kind of fishing net to entrap a lava balloon 🎈 and slowly reel it in/ tow it behind boat. That would give it additional time to cool & solidify. 🤔
I didn't know Iwo Jima had grown this much since WW2! My father was out on the island of Tinian at the end of the war! But he didn't know what the Enola Gay was carrying when it took off!!
Possible future content: Monday night July 22nd, Texas experienced a M4.9 earthquake centered about 200 miles west of Ft Worth. As of Thursday, it's reported 61 quakes have struck the area in the last seven days, prompting the Scurry County judge to declare a disaster and request outside assistance due to extensive infrastructure damage.
Texas has several major fault lines, including the Balcones Fault Zone, the Long Point-Eureka Heights Fault System, and faults near Dallas, Houston, and the panhandle: Balcones Fault Zone: This ancient fault line runs from near Del Rio in southwest Texas to Dallas in the north-central region, roughly along Interstate 35. It forms the eastern boundary of the Texas Hill Country and the western boundary of the Texas Coastal Plain. The fault line is geologically dead and is considered one of the lowest risk zones for earthquakes in the country, but researchers at the University of Texas monitor it. The fault zone includes faults that run under Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, Dallas Love Field, and the city's medical district. Long Point-Eureka Heights Fault System: This fault system is responsible for the more than 300 fault lines in the Houston area. Faults near Dallas, Houston, and the panhandle: These areas also have faults that could potentially host earthquakes.
70's: The lamps are lava. 2010: The floor is lava. 2024: The balloons are lava. All fun and games until the cake is not a lie anymore but is also made of lava.
I'm curious to know what triggers the creation of lava balloons, since they're so rare. I am sure that rock composition has an impact in the fact that they from at all? Like, the lava must be fluid enough to allow bubbles to form, but viscous enough to make them keep their shape until solidified.
It seems like the balloons would account for only a small minority of the erupted lava. Most would either not trap a large enough bubble to become bouyant or wouldn't be well sealed enough to make it to the surface without leaking or breaking.
Holy cow. Over 1m deformation a year?! I'm not a geologist, that sounds like a lot. Are there other parts of the world like that? Does this mean a large eruption will one day occur at Iwo Jima?
It is a lot. And yes, it almost certainly does mean that a large eruption will occur at Iwo Jima, though when that will occur and precisely how big its eruption will be, are unknown. This same guy once described Iwo Jima as the volcano most likely to produce a VEI-7 eruption in his lifetime, but he later moderated that statement quite a bit. For instance, it might be a VEI-6 instead, or it might be a VEI-7 but erupt several centuries from now.
I know each volcano is unique when it comes to how much uplift can be considered normal, although no doubt that rate of uplift, especially how much it’s increased in recent years, at almost any other volcano would be very alarming. At which point do you think at Iwo Jima would the rate of uplift reach a point where it too would become worrying?
New land emerging is always fascinating (especially how life then colonises it, like on Surtsey or even Peberholm) , and so eruptions like this that look like they might form new land but probably won't is both amazing and frustrating.
You can add lava balloons incident number 8 to your list. I saw and have photos of them coming to the surface above the Ahyi undersea volcano in the Northern Mariana Islands on 24 April 1996.
That lift rate would seem to indicate that when it finally blows, it could possibly be a big one, assuming the island is completely contained within the caldera, that's a fair sized lava dome within the caldera.
I guess the big question with this spike in uplift rate since 2017 is what this means for the Caldera complex long-term. Is this one of the volcanoes we could expect to have a major eruptive episode soon?
Crazy to think that all that broad beach in this video was underwater in 1945 when the Marines landed. Caldera resurgence has uplifted the 1945 shoreline by two digits of meters and moved it some distance inland as the island's area has expanded, from just over 20 km2 in 1945 to roughly 30 km2 today. Fastest rate of volcanic uplift in the world, if I recall correctly. A map that overlays the 1945 shoreline on today's would be an interesting comparison.
Do we know what percentage of the erupted lava is coming out in lava balloons? This video makes it sound like all or nearly all is but given the rarity of the feature it seems potentially premature to conclude that unless direct measurements of the ratio of these bubbles to other lava products underwater is since I find it hard to imagine the gas content to be high enough to dominate over the rock component within the bulk material.
Is it possible to salvage these lava balloons? Like, will any float to shore and survive or will they inevitably just break? It seems like it might make for a fascinating display piece at a museum or something.
Your calcs assume everything is captured in the balloons? Is that a safe assumption? Thanks for teaching us about the balloons. How buoyant are they - I mean they float, but do all of them float? I imagine there's a size below which the weight of the rosk "outweighs" the buoyancy created by the captured CO2.
I'll be in Japan summer 2025 for world's Fair. I've gotten a chance to climb one active volcano but it wasn't super active at the time. It's technically in a dormant state but it sets off the largest explosion in South America if it goes off. I'd like to go and see one eruption but I definitely want to go and visit the volcanoes in Japan when I get there. The highest I've been up so far is 5,200 m, that is where the Refugio is located on Cotopaxi. I went a little above that but I'm not allowed to talk about that because I wasn't supposed to without being trained and I got in trouble. That brings up another point, if you're in another country and you're climbing a mountain follow their rules 😅
How do they know that we’re seeing isn’t because Iwo Jima’s ground is rising, but because sea level is falling? (…but only in the immediate area around the island) I think I’d clearly make a damn fine scientist…
And also please explain about babuyan claro volcano in the Philippines I am getting confused at the 1831 eruption of that volcano and it says uncertain in global volcanism program please explain it because because I am confused please respond
Your water depth estimate seems to be too deep as the smallish 3-5 foot waves cresting with white water is indicative of much shallower depth of 15 to 30 feet.
Wow you counting all those lava balloons guess your autism helps big time on that one 😂 i myself have adhd which mimicks autism in some ways but i couldnt do what you do wouldn't have the patience so well done my friend 😊
There was an eruption in 1943, but none took place during the Battle of Iwo Jima. It’s pretty insane how the Japanese were able to live in the 11 mile tunnel network considering the hazards associated with volcanic gasses on some parts of the island.
Ok so I have a legit question. While it should be painfully obvious why you should not operate a boat over an underwater volcano. However what about flying a plane!? How do the rising gasses affect an airplane? Given that we are talking about different densities of air the plane would be flying through my guess is that it would be turbulent and cause increased stress on the air frame. I should add that I'm not considering any special purpose plane. I'm thinking something in the light personal use category. Like a small 2-4 seater that's built for fair weather flying.
Considering that airplanes fly through highly turbulent tropical storms for scientific purposes, I'd imagine it would be fine. I'd be far more worried about the corrosive activity or any ash emissions with regards to damage to the airplane, and the risk of a large explosion or toxic gasses crashing the plane or harming the pilot. Definitely not a safe thing but the turbulence is probably fine.
![FNAF vs TF2 - Episode 2 [SFM]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/z5b3V2-VLb0/mqdefault.jpg)
I was fortunate to have a close friend who was a Marine Raider during World War II (later absorbed into the Army). As such, he participated in nearly all of the first wave attacks in our island hopping campaign, including Iwo. He was wounded several times, including this attack I believe. He said the physician removed long cylinders of volcanic ash from his ears! It was great seeing the comparison silhouettes from 1945 to now. When I knew him in the 1980s, he described Mount Suribachi as sitting on a narrow peninsula. He would be shocked to see it now. Thanks for this great video. 👍
Forbidden balloons
But they don't smell like money.
If you could catch a good size one probably make some money! Not sure if that's even possible.
Wrong he farted.
@@dna3930
Wouldn't the lava cool quickly? Use some kind of fishing net to entrap a lava balloon 🎈 and slowly reel it in/ tow it behind boat. That would give it additional time to cool & solidify. 🤔
@@fishingthelist4017 The fear of them can be sold however. We are doing it right now.
I didn't know Iwo Jima had grown this much since WW2! My father was out on the island of Tinian at the end of the war! But he didn't know what the Enola Gay was carrying when it took off!!
Thanks as always, Geology Hub!
Possible future content: Monday night July 22nd, Texas experienced a M4.9 earthquake centered about 200 miles west of Ft Worth. As of Thursday, it's reported 61 quakes have struck the area in the last seven days, prompting the Scurry County judge to declare a disaster and request outside assistance due to extensive infrastructure damage.
And then a 5.1 on Friday, July 26th. I'm about 85 km to the northeast and it caused "stuff" to rattle in the house.
Texas has several major fault lines, including the Balcones Fault Zone, the Long Point-Eureka Heights Fault System, and faults near Dallas, Houston, and the panhandle:
Balcones Fault Zone: This ancient fault line runs from near Del Rio in southwest Texas to Dallas in the north-central region, roughly along Interstate 35. It forms the eastern boundary of the Texas Hill Country and the western boundary of the Texas Coastal Plain. The fault line is geologically dead and is considered one of the lowest risk zones for earthquakes in the country, but researchers at the University of Texas monitor it. The fault zone includes faults that run under Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, Dallas Love Field, and the city's medical district.
Long Point-Eureka Heights Fault System: This fault system is responsible for the more than 300 fault lines in the Houston area.
Faults near Dallas, Houston, and the panhandle: These areas also have faults that could potentially host earthquakes.
The devil took over in 2019
70's: The lamps are lava.
2010: The floor is lava.
2024: The balloons are lava.
All fun and games until the cake is not a lie anymore but is also made of lava.
AHHHHHHHHHH!!!!!!!!!!!🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉
Chocolate lava cake is the best.
....the cake IS a lie...js
Neat, lava balloons. A new one for me.
This isn't even on the news. Thank you for the update!!
My theory is Godzilla is just snoring.
Iwo Jima pussy fart maybe?...
Godzilla is nuclear base. Lol. Thank god it isn't snoring! 😅😅😅😮😊
Cthulhu Fthgn!!!!
He is "degassing", ate Mexico City last night.
I’m with you
I'm curious to know what triggers the creation of lava balloons, since they're so rare. I am sure that rock composition has an impact in the fact that they from at all? Like, the lava must be fluid enough to allow bubbles to form, but viscous enough to make them keep their shape until solidified.
How can we tell how much lava is erupting? Well you'd have to count every lava balloon. Yikes! Geologyhub, "I got this!"
Thanks for all the hard work on these videos!
Those balloons sound pretty neat. Gonna go find some photos of real ones broken open.
That's exactly what I thought, geodes
@@leahcimwerdna5209 there wont be anything inside of it but itd still be neat to see what texture it is and how thick the walls are.
bro really counted all of them just to find the eruptive rate
Me: I see just water and smoke.
Bro: Menage to count 5498573 floating cursed lava balloons 🎈
😂😂😂😂😂
Now he knows how many lava balloons it will take to fill the Albert Hall.
@@kaoskronostyche9939 I was pointin out how difficult that is
Autism 😁
Wait until you hear that Albert from Volcanocafe counted *25 THOUSAND* clumps in the Ring Nebula
Geology clearly takes more than a little patience...
It seems like the balloons would account for only a small minority of the erupted lava. Most would either not trap a large enough bubble to become bouyant or wouldn't be well sealed enough to make it to the surface without leaking or breaking.
really appreciate your drawn timelines
Not even 6am and I've already learnt something today.
Fun and original way to estimate the magma efusion rate. Congratulations
Thanks for the video. It's amazing to think that a place so well known in our recent history is changing so much since that history occurred.
We're just lucky there wasn't any disastrous activity while we were occupying it.
@@VTPSTTU i wonder if the bombs in Japan that were dropped had an impact on this at all
Holy cow. Over 1m deformation a year?! I'm not a geologist, that sounds like a lot. Are there other parts of the world like that? Does this mean a large eruption will one day occur at Iwo Jima?
It is a lot. And yes, it almost certainly does mean that a large eruption will occur at Iwo Jima, though when that will occur and precisely how big its eruption will be, are unknown.
This same guy once described Iwo Jima as the volcano most likely to produce a VEI-7 eruption in his lifetime, but he later moderated that statement quite a bit. For instance, it might be a VEI-6 instead, or it might be a VEI-7 but erupt several centuries from now.
Thank you, Geo! Love your updates.
99 red balloons?
Oh, I love that song!
Floating in the summer sky?
@@whiteknightcat It is a good one 🙂
These seem black, but maybe they'll stay Forever Young.
Thanks for explaining the lava balloons!
Love the pro level MS paint illustrations
Volcano blowing soap bubbles.
A puppy playing in its water bowl.
Nature having fun with the lava.
I know each volcano is unique when it comes to how much uplift can be considered normal, although no doubt that rate of uplift, especially how much it’s increased in recent years, at almost any other volcano would be very alarming. At which point do you think at Iwo Jima would the rate of uplift reach a point where it too would become worrying?
for historical reasons, i refuse to invest in this property.
😂😂😂
There seems to be plenty more where that came from
I'd suggest avoiding it due to geologic reasons too...
I wonder how many unexploded shells are still buried on that island.
Wow. That's a remarkable phenomenon that I've never heard of before.
Thanks for the update.
Thanks
WOW Amazing Thanks
Fascinating!
Thank you!!!
I wonder if water will seep through the ballon walls and create crystals inside.
Thanks.
damn earth is amazing
Over the top! Just awesome work. ❤️✌️👍
New land emerging is always fascinating (especially how life then colonises it, like on Surtsey or even Peberholm) , and so eruptions like this that look like they might form new land but probably won't is both amazing and frustrating.
Cool! Had no idea these existed!
I wonder if small crystals line the inside of the balloons. Such as druzy in a geode
Up, up and away in my beautiful (lava) balloon... - Prodigy
I was just thinking of this place during ww2 just yesterday. Crazy.
ww2 wasn't yesterday
@@roevhaal578 ~
I see they got to you too.
@@roevhaal578🤦
Lava balloons? A new concept for me, and I even had a couple of geology classes while I was in college.
Looks like another safe tourist place to visit.
I think they should set up tours
You can add lava balloons incident number 8 to your list. I saw and have photos of them coming to the surface above the Ahyi undersea volcano in the Northern Mariana Islands on 24 April 1996.
That lift rate would seem to indicate that when it finally blows, it could possibly be a big one, assuming the island is completely contained within the caldera, that's a fair sized lava dome within the caldera.
The counting was impressive lol
Cool! Thanks for answering how quickly the process occurs. How much more uplift is needed before a bigger eruption?
I guess the big question with this spike in uplift rate since 2017 is what this means for the Caldera complex long-term. Is this one of the volcanoes we could expect to have a major eruptive episode soon?
Fascinating
Lava balloons sound like a good way for geodes to start growing
Well I learned something new today! 😂👌
Pete B's ears perked up when you said ash.......
Living up to it's name, Sulfur Island
Crazy to think that all that broad beach in this video was underwater in 1945 when the Marines landed. Caldera resurgence has uplifted the 1945 shoreline by two digits of meters and moved it some distance inland as the island's area has expanded, from just over 20 km2 in 1945 to roughly 30 km2 today. Fastest rate of volcanic uplift in the world, if I recall correctly. A map that overlays the 1945 shoreline on today's would be an interesting comparison.
Cool, I was imagining them floating in the air and starting fires on land mass
Why do the balloons sink? Do they crack, letting the gas out? Has an intact balloon ever been collected?
I'm thinking the cold water soon cracks them "in no more than 5 minutes. "
Do we know what percentage of the erupted lava is coming out in lava balloons? This video makes it sound like all or nearly all is but given the rarity of the feature it seems potentially premature to conclude that unless direct measurements of the ratio of these bubbles to other lava products underwater is since I find it hard to imagine the gas content to be high enough to dominate over the rock component within the bulk material.
For hardcore water polo...
Just in time for the Olympics
Dude.. why did you put Niijima on there ❓❓
I'm going for a holiday there on the 8th of August....😱
Is it possible to salvage these lava balloons? Like, will any float to shore and survive or will they inevitably just break? It seems like it might make for a fascinating display piece at a museum or something.
I wonder if the lava balloons turn into agates, centuries later?
You assume that all the lava being erupted takes the form of balloons -- any basis for doing so?
Does this mean the plate has and is moving?
How would we know if Iwo Jima was on track for a large eruption?
Your calcs assume everything is captured in the balloons? Is that a safe assumption? Thanks for teaching us about the balloons. How buoyant are they - I mean they float, but do all of them float? I imagine there's a size below which the weight of the rosk "outweighs" the buoyancy created by the captured CO2.
Is there any explaination to one of the steam pools in Yellowstone erupting recently?
126 cm uplift a Year!?
So it is going to erupt hugely at any point !?
Will it sink
I'll be in Japan summer 2025 for world's Fair. I've gotten a chance to climb one active volcano but it wasn't super active at the time. It's technically in a dormant state but it sets off the largest explosion in South America if it goes off. I'd like to go and see one eruption but I definitely want to go and visit the volcanoes in Japan when I get there. The highest I've been up so far is 5,200 m, that is where the Refugio is located on Cotopaxi. I went a little above that but I'm not allowed to talk about that because I wasn't supposed to without being trained and I got in trouble. That brings up another point, if you're in another country and you're climbing a mountain follow their rules 😅
What caused the latest 5.1 quake in Texas?
Nina & her 99 Balloonz🇨🇦
It is called "Pillow Lava"!
Finally, a way to explain how dangerous regular balloons seem, to people with latex allergies 😂
Things are picking up in Iceland again
How do they know that we’re seeing isn’t because Iwo Jima’s ground is rising, but because sea level is falling? (…but only in the immediate area around the island)
I think I’d clearly make a damn fine scientist…
You need to look up infamous.
Seems a long way to fly, there might be an easier way?
How about Naples?
And also please explain about babuyan claro volcano in the Philippines I am getting confused at the 1831 eruption of that volcano and it says uncertain in global volcanism program please explain it because because I am confused please respond
.27 cubic meters per second = around 4 and a half wheel barrows of lava per second : )
So why do they sink in five minutes then?
Cracks?
🤦
every deep sea mining company seeing those lava balloons 🤑🤑
Your water depth estimate seems to be too deep as the smallish 3-5 foot waves cresting with white water is indicative of much shallower depth of 15 to 30 feet.
Wow you counting all those lava balloons guess your autism helps big time on that one 😂 i myself have adhd which mimicks autism in some ways but i couldnt do what you do wouldn't have the patience so well done my friend 😊
How much CO2?
Did the American or Japanese Armies have to contend with any eruptions
during WW2?
There was an eruption in 1943, but none took place during the Battle of Iwo Jima. It’s pretty insane how the Japanese were able to live in the 11 mile tunnel network considering the hazards associated with volcanic gasses on some parts of the island.
Fortunately, the volcano on Iwo Jima didn’t erupt.
If your willing to count lava balloons, maybe you should take up astrophotography, pixel peeping is quite similar!
Ok so I have a legit question.
While it should be painfully obvious why you should not operate a boat over an underwater volcano. However what about flying a plane!?
How do the rising gasses affect an airplane?
Given that we are talking about different densities of air the plane would be flying through my guess is that it would be turbulent and cause increased stress on the air frame.
I should add that I'm not considering any special purpose plane. I'm thinking something in the light personal use category. Like a small 2-4 seater that's built for fair weather flying.
Considering that airplanes fly through highly turbulent tropical storms for scientific purposes, I'd imagine it would be fine. I'd be far more worried about the corrosive activity or any ash emissions with regards to damage to the airplane, and the risk of a large explosion or toxic gasses crashing the plane or harming the pilot. Definitely not a safe thing but the turbulence is probably fine.
Well... In case of a larger than expected explosion....
Wow I’ve never heard of lava balloons before. That’s so cool! Er…. hot!
Rock bubbles
Do you have a lava balloon in your vast rock and mineral collection?
After that cabbage chili I made a month ago I'm more than familiar with lava balloons, thank you very much all the same.
Thai food, only hotter the next day...
😎
I want a lava balloon!
Im picturing napolian dynamites brother for this voice
Don't buy land on a volcano.
How come they don’t flotation
WW2 island with creation power