Why sin and cos don't mean anything
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- Опубликовано: 24 янв 2018
- Get better at maths with Brilliant: brilliant.org/SimonClark/
An excellent summary of this story (found after I did all the research, annoyingly!) can be found here: physics.info/trigonometry/
So, yes, the title is, rather than trigonometric, slightly hyperbolic. Sin and cos are a corruption of the word sinus, and so do have a lexical root and broader meaning. But the point I'm trying to make here is that there is no connection between the word sinus and what the functions actually correspond to. Any true meaning was lost in the successive translations and transliterations from sanskrit. So while sin and cos do have /a/ meaning, I guess what I'm saying is that they don't have a /meaningful/ meaning.
Also I apologise for any pronunciation mistakes in this. I'm a scientist, not a linguist! Also also yes I'm aware that there are differences between Persian (in various stages) and Arabic.
You can support the channel by donating at / simonoxfphys
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Filmed on my Canon 80D: bit.ly/simonvlog80D
Editing done in Premiere. Music by ProleteR - Back Home.
Huge thanks to my supporters on Patreon: Dan Hanvey, Logan McGillivray, David Efird, Cameron Matchett, Lachlan Woods, Tim Boxall, Simon Vaes, Gabriele Mozzicato, Jawad Alalasi, Gaia Frazao Nery, Kodzo, Josh Ruby, Claire Anthony, Eve Dillon, Rowan Gow, Matthias Loos, James Bridges, James Craig, Angela, Sanaa Al Derei, Mark Anthony Magro, Liam, Theresa Wang, Hunter Jones, Nathan Smith, Kieran Kelly, Kendra Johnson, Wendover Productions, Caitlin Louise, Real Engineering, Rhys Rickard-Frost, and Katy P.
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I am Simon, a PhD candidate at the University of Exeter who's about to sit his viva. I upload videos on bits of science which are relevant to what I do, and sometimes just because they're really cool.
Vlogs from Oxford students - / oxvlog
My twitter - / simonoxfphys
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To save you reading the comments, ITT: a bunch of people who are very angry that cos(x) is pronounced as 'cos' in the UK. We don't all pronounce words like you, America. Get over yourselves.
Oh man, don't even tell those people how "beta" is pronounced in the UK then... lol
Thanks. This solves a big existential question: why sinus in Italian is literally called "breast" (seno). In high school, chuckles and laughter dissipated quickly as the true nature of trigonometry revealed itself…
I am italian and we do use the same word for sin and breast. Silly me for thinking that it was due to the graph looking like a boob up, a boob down, a boob up, a boob down :-)
Except
cos = co-sine so that is
why cos is pronounced cosine
You say sine for sin() so why say cos () for co-sine?
Do you also say?
× rather than "times"
- ("dash") rather than "minus"
+ cross rather than plus
What about = ÷ / < > ?
"£" is pronounced "libra" right
except it's written as cos so that is why cos is pronounced cos
This seems like a bit of a tangent
I love puns but this one barely hits the point...
Damn - literally just made this exact joke on Patreon. Clearly mathematical jokes strike a chord with his audience.
These 1/cos(c) puns really get me going!
You guys seriously have no "For all epsilon greater than 0 there exists delta greater than zero such that whenever x is within delta of c, f(x) is within epsilon of L"
Kyle Mutch Your pun cot me off guard.
In Chinese Sin and Cos are 正弦 and 余弦, which stand for positive string and complementary string. I guess we got these concepts from India instead of Europe.
Zibo Sun Doesn’t 正 in 正弦 mean principle? I mean, there’s nothing “positive” about sin, and principle/complementary sounds more correct in mathematical sense.
@@__zwischen__ Indeed!
@Aravind Krishna bro look we have almost forgeten sanskrit and 1000 years back mughals invaded us and made our civilization shit now. Ancient vedas where are they in coming time it's will be extinct. I am lucky I just shared this to you please dude for God sake never forget your tradition we were once years ahead of this this foreigners. How do you think this knowledge was converted in to Arabic it was stolen.
@@SalmanShaikh-qp3ld mughals didn't make your culture shit, you wankstain. There were good and bad rulers. Fuck you BJP nutjobs are so delusional
Better than جب which mean shut up in Arabian slang 😂
Sin definitely did exist in Europe before the 12th century; hence the need for salvation!
"Geometry and Spanish are without sin."
A joke I heard way too much in highschool. A consequence of your Geometry teacher also being your Spanish teacher
haha!
Jesus died for your sines
@@Crick1952 Spanish? I don't get what that's got to do with sin
@@DrRiq what is the English word for sin translated from Spanish?
In India you still find these terms in local languages Jiva(cord) vartul(circle),vays(diameter),trijaya (redius)
yes we do , still in hindi medium
i came into math with 'sin/cos' written on my arm and my teacher asked me if i had been out in the sun, because of my tan
badum tsh
I don’t get it. Can you plzz explain lol
Wait nvm just got it.
Tangent.
Hahahahaha
😄 😄 😄
10 points for nailing the Arabic and Sanskrit pronunciations.
You have no idea how much I was worried about that! I consulted my Iraqi friend to try and get the Arabic right!
Haha, good job Dr. Clark :P
im iraqi and say it was mashallah my friend
What bothers me most about Devanagari/English transliteration is that there is no good way to represent the difference between अ and आ (both are represented as "a"). English speakers have a tendency to say आ for all of the a's as a result, but I can't blame them for that because this is a result of the nonphonemic orthography of the English language (one letter, a, corresponds to many sounds). Also, I don't know what happened with the biconsonantal conjuncts not rendering properly.
How do you know the sanskrit pronounciation ?
I'm from an arab speaking country and we learned that Sine is pronounced Jayb, and not Jiba.
Not saying that you're wrong, just that the Jiba got lost somewhere and now even arabs read the word as Jayb.
Jayp means pocket which looks like the shape of the angle in the corner of the tryangle. So i think arab mathematics didn't translate that they just renamed it
Jayb is also Hindi for pocket,, surprisingly
@@primaldialga4764 surprisingly we also had contact with Arabs .
And some of them also built an empire and gave us chicken tikka masala. :-P
@@sudhirm5049 I love chicken tikka masala. and butter chicken.
PrimalDialga476 The Hindi/Urdu word for pocket is “Jeb” not “Jaib”. جیب when pronounced जैब (jaib) means bosom in Urdu the pronunciation for referring to a pocket is जेब (jeb).
The title was clickbait to me. I thought they didn't mean anything _in math,_ but you only talked about literature/ethimology. Anyways, first viewer here, and I was amazed by your knowledge.
Etymology***
Really? People don't know this as general knowledge? That sucks........
his pretty face is a clickbait as well, at least for me...
How is sin and cos not going to mean anything in math. You learn what they mean in middle school and it's obvious why they are important, dude it's your fault.
@@freshrockpapa-e7799 I'm open-minded, so that's exactly why I was interested about the video. And of course, certainly I was who misunderstood the video--although the likes I got tell I wasn't the only one.
omg!! and this did a 360 degree turn and we are now in Arabian schools referring to SIN as "jayb" with means pocket, which is based on a failed attempt on translating our own language, omg!! this blows my mind!!
haha that is fantastic, history is pretty cool sometimes
That's pretty funny. Definitely an interesting history lesson you could share with some of your classmates probably.
PS: The english phrase you were looking for was "it's come around full circle".
he meant "360 no scope"
Rob Harris leave
Ikr!!!
You've certainly struck a chord with me.
oh no...
I like the cut of his jb.
Did you ever hear... the tragedy.. of Darth Plagueis the wise....?
i like your style
> sin and cos don't mean anything
> sin is an abbreviation of sinus
> sinus means "bosom" in latin, which was a (mis)transliteration of Jb (bowstring or bosom)
So what you're saying is... sinus means something.
A more accurate statement is Sine doesn't mean what it's supposed to mean.
That's not a transliteration, that is a translation, plain and simple.
Transliteration is writing something that was meant for one writing system in another foreign one. For instance, watashi is a transliteration of 私.
In this case, the world was transliterated from Sanskrit to Arabic, then mistranslated to Latin, abbreviated by a German man, and a pronunciation for the abbreviation emerged in English (I don't know if this last phenomenon has a descriptive name).
@@AmateurContendr Sine? Who says sign?? It written in short form as sin, and read aloud as sinus.
connor the dullard snowflake
to scientists.. everything looks like tits...
...for example, check out all the “mammary” and “mammillary” scientific names inside the human body..
just a bunch of pervs...
The word Trigonometry in India is actually called Trikonmiti.
Trikonmiti or Trikonmitiy
Trikon niti*
Oh that's just trigonometry but with an Indian accent.
Just kidding lol
Cool
@@saraqostahterra4548 lol
Hey Vsauce, British Michael here
Ann Oynmous what is this blasphemy
Michael from vsauce lives in the UK though doesn’t he?
America's Dankest Videos He grew up in the US and I believe he’s currently settled in LA. But yes he did live in England for a couple years lol
do vsauce haters exist
its me mario not after I’m done with them
In arabic, mathematics is translated to "Riyaazi" which is derived from the root word "Riyaaz" literally meaning practice.
That's a good fact
Then what's "hisaab"???
hisaab is ore like "calculate" or "counting". Like adding up your shopping total, as opposed to deriving a complex trig formula.
hisab (حساب) means calculating.
riyathiat*
When I was in school we used the words "Jayb" and "Jayb Tamam" (Ja and JaTa in short) for sin and cos
And they literally mean "pocket" and "complimentary pocket" in modern Arabic
@@user-lf8hq7wm8x اسمها اللغة العربيه الحديثه، كما ذكر.
Jayb is pocket in North Indian languages also.
@@trendyboy1539
Yes because north India was influencesd by Muslims and Holy Quran's language Arabic.
@Mustafa you Cleary aren't Muslim
So what you're saying is maybe that translator didn't mess up after all?
If I say any of this in India, I will be called a Hindu Fascists. It is that bad here.
On the subject of mathematics and etymology, I'll share a story with you. I have enourmous difficulties thinking of myself as a "mathematician", and I suspect many share this sentiment. More than what we know, we're awfully aware of how much we don't know, so we feel unworthy of the title. For this reason I mostly stick to "just someone who loves math". Years ago, while pondering on this issue, I decided to invent a new term to describe myself with, derived from the reason I liked math in the first place. I came to the conclusion it is love of learning that drives me to study mathematics, so I searched for a word to describe one who loves to learn. I was genuinely astonished when I realized the term I was looking for was already well known to me: mathëmatikós. I had come full circle.
To be fair, I was already aware of the etymology of the word "mathematician", but I had completely forgotten it. It could be my subconscious mind speaking, but as far as I experienced it, it caught me by genuine surprise.
dante meriere Thank You! What a great little story!
@@mamyth1064 I agree!
And in Arabic, it was probably translated again from Latin into جيب Jayb ""Pouch/Pocket"" and cosine into جيب التمام Jayb Al-Tamam ""Pouch/Pocket of the Wholeness/Plentitude""
Great.
Thanks, history.
Or maybe people without the harakat started pronouncing جيب as jayb instead of juba since it fits more with arabic phonotactics
The Arabic جيب is pronounced Jayb, depending on the vocal signs, or else it would be pronounced Jeep, which also means to bring or the car brand, with or without the harakat, Arabic speakers wouldn't have pronounced جيب juba because an Alif is needed to make the "aa" sound at the end, not a vocal sign.
@@RUclipsWorldwideinternet what? What about fatha?
What I got from the video is that جيبا was written as جب , because the 'ee' and 'aa' sounds were shortened and so were eliminated as unnecessary in Arabic (tashkeel).
How THAT turned to Jayb then mistranslated is still beyond me.
@@Krescento it was جِيْبَ (jība) from jīva (ī is a long i similar to madda), without the harakat it would be جيب (j-y-b) so it was wrongly translated as "pouch, bossom", thing is, even native Arabs pronounced it as جَيْب (jayb) "pouch, pocket, bossom" and still do it even in schools so the shift probably happened in Arabic not in Latin.
The video is not entirely accurate.
I'm a simple guy. I enjoy etymology and triangles.
Hello Simon, great and informative video but I think one point needs double-checking, you see, I am a native Arabic speaker, and I studied trigonometry in Arabic back at school, and in fact we still call (sin) jaib (جيب) which have a meaning in Arabic, it means pocket, and for an old Arab pocket also means the triangular opening at the top of any shirt or shemez ... so, for us jaib (جيب) being shortcut to ja (جا) have a meaning in the language which goes along with the meaning in math which in turn gives some credit towards the original translation of (sin), right :)
Nevertheless, it's very refreshing to see a western you-tuber trying to be fair towards that period of history which is usually overlooked and pictured like a black hole in history where civilization have miraculously jumbed from the times of the Romans to the time of the Renaissance with complete emptiness in-between 😁
Thanks again and please accept my apologies for rewarding your very amusing video with my long boring comment 😳
It varies from country to country, Back in Syria we used
حب(س)، تقرأ جيب سين
to indicate a sine.
Also worth mentioning: some Arabic countries say جيب التمام, literally "compliment sine", to indicate a cosine, which could be how the translation "sinus complementi" appeared, or the Arabic term could a reverse translation.
hmmmmmm interesting
Nawar El Sabaa thanks for your clarification, in Egypt we called them ja and jata
جا(س) ، جتا(س)
Yeah, the lack of standardization in Arabic symbols and scientific terminology is frustrating to say the least. many times that means that if an Egyptian guy came across a Syrian reference, or vice versa, they wouldn't understand a thing.
+Nawar El Sabaa
I think what you are referring to is different accents ... like UK and US .. they can understand each other but there are different way pronounce things/words/meanings ...etc
a Syrian guy will understand an Egyptian guy and vice versa ...
Such a smooth transition into the ad... sneaky...
but its fine if amazon programs you to buy something because knowledge cant be selfie'd
I liked how he did it .. better then lines LOL XD
This video was so good as it was equally engaging and informative.
Instantly subscribed
Absolutely catching and surprising info! Well done, Simon!
I really enjoyed this new type of video, Simon! Keep it up!
After the end of the thesis, I was very afraid that after years of following this channel religiously I would get bored of it. This video just smacked that fear straight out of my mind. Personally I think videos like this are better than crashcourse cryosphere (albeit I do think crashcourse series would be good on this channel, I just have no interest in geophysics :P)
U wot?
Geophysman LMAO
I subscribed straight after. Awesome factual content. Keep it up. Great work on pronunciation. I wanna see more. 😁
I AM FROM INDIA AND I NEVER KNEW THAT CANDY GOT IT'S NAME FROM SANSKRIT! 😵😱
pushpak ruhil yes but originally cane comes from Mesopotamian : Sumerian I think .
Me 2😂😂
I knew it because I saw in a video that before starting to eat sugar from sugarcane, Europeans were much more healthy. So obviously sugar/sugarcane must have come from a different part of the world.
I looked up the rest later. Anyway, stop taking sugar and you'll stay healthy.
Yeah me neither
I’m Arab and also had no clue that we had something to do with it
Finally it's out! I was looking forward to this since you gave me a sneak preview! I think it turned out well, really interesting 👌🏻
Hey Vsauce Simon here...
I know yeah it was reminiscent
Hey Vsause Sinus here .. err wut?
Thanks for creating quality content!!
Man, I just found your channel! You are amazing, thanks for that!!
Wow this is fascinating
Not.
Wow as a french person i always thought english people said sine just as an abreviation ... I never knew this was the actual word (in french we always say "sinus" and "cosinus")
Same here. And basically almost every other European language says "sinus", but the English decided to be special.
To be fair, anglicizing a Latin word often involves dropping grammatical endings.
in Italian and Spanish it's "seno" and "coseno" cos(X) and sen(X)
And me, as an American, didn't know that sine was related to sinus at all.
Kim Kardashian Un But what happens if you wanted to say ‘sin(dx)’ ?
Very well presented info bro!
Excellent video, Simon.
A history on the base 10 system would be awesome!!
I only use base e
Another note most people forgot or didn't learn in the first place that whatever the base they all use the same positional representation system.
Ben Base 12 FTW. It has all the nice decimal fractions you could want, and it slightly compresses the numbers saving time and space when writing. Also, each hand has 12 knuckles on the fingers, so it's also easy to count on your hands.
wtf. you for real???
You have 10 fingers. That's the entire history.
2:23 A wild taxicab appeared!
I can't see it.. :-\
Omkar Naik It's a reference to a famous math story, google taxi cab numbers.
Now I get it. Thnx!
Nice Ramunajan reference!
Also a pokemon reference! But it is so over-used it's usually passed over.
I absolutely love this!! Thank you so much! this made my day. Now my math session will go much smoother.
This is brilliant! Thank you!
Ey mr. Scientist, I love your videos but this one is what I love the most.
Very interesting topic. I'm loving this style of videos.
Also, I like your use of memes. I hope others won't discourage their use in your future videos.
At 72, having done Maths honours at high school, I just love this ! I also found it fascinating some years ago (while reading the Book " Fermat's Last Theorem* " by AMIR ACZEL (1996) to learn the derivation of the word ALGEBRA, and it opened my eyes to the (non-Western, Non British) history of mathematics,. This clip inspires me again. Thank you Simon.
*there is a 2013 book of the same name.
This is so interesting! Please make more videos about word origins!
That was good! I’d’ve loved to have these detours in my maths class.
@Sarah Hodgins I will, thanks!
The fact that I am Arabian ( Iraq ) I am in huge shock..
We use the word that means ( sinus ) as translation from english 🤦♀️
And not the orginal JB our ancestors created ..
Enjoy your colonialism
Darling, your ancestors just used the Sanskrit word and made it sound arabic.
@@HarionDafar You've just described transliteration except in a snarky tone attempting to trivialize this person's point of view. We _know_ that what you described happened, it's in the video. You haven't added anything to the conversation. People don't invite you to parties for this reason.
@@TurdFurgeson571 the point of that reply is, why claim originality on something which was not originally yours anyway?
I'm loving these videos
You just helped me with a conundrum I've been in since like a decade now 😂
this video really cot my attention! Keep it up
Parth wait a SECond, was that a pun
I did not EXPect this
DanielzGameplays it was. I hope it wasn't too graphic?
columbus8myhw I did not expect mermaids to have algaebra too but its all part and parcel of life
By the way 'cot' and 'caught' are pronounced identically in many parts of America.
In Latin, the word 'sinus' also means 'gulf' as in 'a big cavity in the land, filled up with seawater'. Incidentally, in Dutch (the language in which I was taught basic maths) the words for 'gulf' and 'wave' are the same: 'golf'. Knowing this, I kind of started assuming that the word 'sinus' (which is also what we call sine in Dutch) was derived from the latin word for wave, which I thought to be quite beautiful.
Anyway, I love these kinds of stories, great video!
Simon Krekels As a Spanish speaker, I thought the word for sine just means a woman breast. When I learnt trigonometry in school I tried to not say that word until I had access to the internet and saw in Wikipedia the ethymology of the word.
this is by far my favourite channel ❤
nice video
the way you started to pave the way with 'candy' ... and later to related that to the linguistic journey of 'sin' & 'cos.'
the information are valuable (you seem to have dug so deep) ... only that I have nothing to do with mathematics; though I liked it.
well done
My nerdy heart is jumping from excitement! This video was so interesting!
your name LAMO
Loved this video!
I'm watching your videos at 1:35 am. Thank you! your information really helps.
As a university math student, I found this extremely interesting! I never even thought about why they are called sin and cos. Great video! I know that there has been quite a bit of demand for you recording you viva and I know it might not be possible, but I noticed that University of Nottingham allowed Brady Harran to record James Clewett's viva for nottinghamscience youtube channel so maybe there would be hope for you also if you are up for it. I get that it's probably the most nervewracking situation in the world but I would love to see your experience through it.
tapio2003
Early on for me, when trig tables were the norm, there was and is only sine. A good reference table contained only sine values of angles 0-90, as there is only sine. co-sine is sine of the compliment angle. So cos is just short hand, but it’s still sine of it’s related compliment angle.
Many people cite that there are 3 trig functions. Older people cite 6 trig functions: sin cos tan sec cosec and cotan. But, they are all just permutations of the sine function.
Sin(90-x)=cosine,
1/sin(x)= cosec(x),
sin(x)/(sin(90-x))=tan,
1/tan = cotan,
1/cos=secant
So, there’s only one trig function, sine.
If you design a micro processor you only incorporate a sine generator, not a separate generator for tangent and another for cosine, and not still more for the now archaic sec cosec and cotan.
I’ve seen teaching that treats cosine as a function that is fundamentally different than sine, and tan as yet another fundamentally different function. And that is a shame.
We still use جِب in Arabic. The ( ِ ) sign in the word makes an e sound which is similar to the( ي ) in ( جيب ), which is probably where the translation mistake came from.
Edit: also جيب means pocket most of the time. Although it can mean bossom depending on the sentence, it's almost never used in that way.
AHAM I L A A G جب without any of the signs literally means shut up in emirati dialect.
@@ezi__ also in iraqi 😂😂
lol we cant read arabic
yayyyy keep talking about maths plsss
Great video. I learned a lot. Thanks.
At the beginning I thought you were being cringy but honestly you blew my mind at the end.
When did Boyinaband cut off all his hair? Great video.
I love Boyinaband but he's not smart.
Alex Jones - why do you say that? I talk to him frequently, and I get the impression Dave is VERY smart. He asks questions that push me to think harder about projects I’m working on.
He sounds and looks nothing like boyinaband.
He looks nothing like boyinaband (RT)
@@1JAKY CITY
I Like how you present the concepts in front of the camera. I respect that..... And that was a wonderful video.keep uploading
Wow, when I got interested in the video by the title I didn't know you were going for the actual meaning, like, etymologically hahah that's a really fascinating story. Great work, cheers from Brazil. :)
In Latin it's "see-noos", not "sai-nes".
Fyodor Soikin I was triggered by that too.
hmmm, i had always learnt it this way in school, didn't fully understand why he was talking about signs in the beginning. i suppose it's a difference of which school you attend. strange
Rami Zureikat Amen to that. He complained about the way Americans pronounce "cos", yet he completely mispronounced the Latin words, Hindi words, and Arab words. It's atrocious.
In Indonesia, the same as Latin.
@@angelmendez-rivera351 Oh come off it; he did phenomenally better than most people trying to pronounce those words. I lost my shit when he correctly uvularised the Q in qandiyy; most people pronounce the Arabic Q as though it were just a K. And he was probably Anglicising the Latin (which typically happens in British universities anyway) deliberately in order to demonstrate its relationship with the English derivatives.
When I was young, I somehow got the impression that math, science and technology came almost exclusively from Europe. I guess it is a default position to believe that other cultures are weird and backward and not good like mine. Over time, I've had my bubble burst on hearing the name of a famous scientist with a non-European name or when I learned where zero came from. I find it hilarious how prejudiced I was with my narrow view of the world.
@Another Glenn: All signficant math, science and technology did come from Europe beginning in the 15th century. Long before that Ancient and Hellenistic Greece (Europe) did what was the most significant work in maths, primarily geometry and the fruit of their study can be seen in their architecture. During the Roman Empire the knowledge from Greece enabled even more impressive architecture as well as impressive aqueducts and other engineering and a huge economy in which standards of measurement for trade were well established. Ancient India showed interest in maths on the part of some Brahmins but not all that much was done with it, and they learned geometry from Greece (Europe). Architecture in India never really impressed anyone except for a few forts and palaces which were large, yet still a bit crude. Contributions by the so-called Islamic world were not too important as nothing much came of them...but there was some good architecture.
maths in general were not very useful until the invention of the Calculus in England and Prussia (Europe), which ushered in the modern world and enabled physics to figure things out which had previously been imponderable. Some equations that had been worked out in the Islamic world did then prove useful. Even as calculus texts were easily obtainable the world outside of Europe failed to really take them up. Maths education in India did not begin to take off until the British Raj and only in Japan were they taken up significantly in the 19th century due to increased colonial trade. To Japan's credit she made a very good effort as demonstrated by her military-industrial proficiency in WW2. Japan was the only Asian nation to produce vacuum tubes, though that was a European invention. After 1960 Japan was the first Asian nation to take lease on the American invention of the transistor (Sony Corp). No vacuum tubes were ever produced in the Islamic world and transistors were only produced in some places, like Pakistan and Indonesia by European or American owned subsidiaries.
You were not predjudiced by your narrow view.....it was an accurate view. Now however you may be predjudiced by undeserved guilt.
@andrew ansyon Are you an Arab propagandist ?
@@rh001YT Between 1500 and 1900, maybe, but from the 20th century onwards definitely not.
@andrew ansyon is your ass hurting you ?
@ Majestas Alt Hi! Although beginning with the 20th century we saw an slight increase in important maths and scientific contributions from nations not part of Europe or her offspring such as USA, Australia, etc., it was a slight increase and those who were part of that increase were usually trained in USA or England and were contributing to the European maths and science lineage that was making the modern world. I include Russia as part of the European tradition, and when USSR subsumed a few Islamic nations promising individuals therefrom were educated in Moscow.
Promising Indians were usually educated in England, as were some others from English colonies and commonwealths. Only by about mid-century did China begin to develop her own science programs after significant education in the West. Huge numbers of non-Westerns have, and still today, leave their home turf to work as maths and science experts in the West, where many also find employment as university educators.
Japan, as I mentioned, is the only non-Western nation to really get a maths, physics and technology program going beginning in the late 19th century, availing themselves of the massive amount of info published in the West.
awesome man, really easy to listen to and interesting. have a sub!
Interesting and well presented. Thanks!
This is a brilliant video with some great trivia. It is really amazing how etymology can tell us story spanning centuries.
Looking forward to more of your content now that your PhD is about to be over.
Love it! Etymology is my personal interest. I never expected a scientist to use it though
Hayden Barnes Isn't Etymology a field of science? ;)
+amandus westin Huh. I never thought of it like that, but now you mention it...
if that was a joke, it was a good one hahahha
subscribed! Amazing knowledge!
Amazing video, you earned yourself a subscriber.....keep making such videos
Excellent video! Only one note on cosine: I believe "complementi sinus" in latin actually means "sine of the complementary angle". In fact, sin(90°-x) = cos(x).
When you get to 1:00, you know how hard you actually got bamboozled. And it was all building up to it too, I still didn't see it coming.
I remember when you were SimonOxPhys - glad to see you're doing RUclips what looks to be full time!
Amazing! Learning thing like this makes the subject so much more approachable to me
You're doing something really wonderful. Thank you!
This is brilliant Simon. You give credit to all those who deserved it. Next one I m thinking why are numerical are called Hindu - Arabic numerals. Both the Indians and Muslim Mathematicians played a huge role in developing the science in ancient times. After Greeks and Indians, Arabs were took the throne and then after European enlightenment it's them who are on the throne. Due credit given. One more thing. Oldest numeral Zero was discovered in India as well. They created the most important numeral Zero. Thanks for the video.. Awesome Job :)
Cool. Super interesting! Chuckled a number of times. It's easy to get caught up thinking the conventions we use today are somehow righteous and sensical when in fact many aren't at all. Personally, remembering this makes me take things much less seriously. Loved the vid!
That was a brilliant description of the origin of sin and cos. Thank you!
Amazing to know a true history. Simon you are doing great job. Keep it up.
If you enjoy electricity powering everything in you life then you are reliant on sin and cos as they are fundamental elements of the mathematics of alternating current
This was way more interesting than I anticipated...
Nice video! I liked the Ramanujan number reference.
THATS REALLY REALLY INTERESTING!!!
I like how perfectly you pronounced qandiyy 👌 also good job on linking the video with the sellout
Wow!!!! I am a huge fan of etymology. And yet I never wondered about the etymology of sin and cos. In fact, never saw them as words!
I found my new favorite channel!
sinus
cosinus
what's the narrative origin of that coldsore
What an interesting video. Thank you.
In spanish we call sin "seno" which literally means tit. We win
Yep...... The Champs!!!
Have you consulted Nigerians to know what we called in past before awarding yourself a winner?
You're right that seno is the standard word for breast but the word does literally mean sinus. What we call our (nasal) sinuses in English are called _senos paranasales_ in Spanish.
Hey Simon, that physics.info link seems to be down.
Also, if this is a new kind of video "series" you're doing, maybe it'd be cool if you share some more of the sources you used? :)
Chiel I would like to read more sources too
This is fascinating, and something I didn’t know! 😃
About wich sign are we specifically talking about and what is written on it? 🤔 :D
Jiva(x) and Cojiva(x) sounds way cooler. Damn that latin translator.
So, in this video, it's said that sine kept its meaning being transliterated into Arabic, it changed meaning being translated into Latin, and it somehow lost meaning being transliterated into English...? There's no loss of meaning here. this is just a history of the etymology of sine and cosine. Disliked for misleading title.
same here, very misleading title this video literally means nothing.
@@khalilrahme5227 no u
Great Presentation.
THANK YOU!!! I was having so much trouble understanding the etymology of sine! The etymology of tangent and secant made perfect sense, but sine has always felt... off, somehow. Thank you. I wish I knew how you got your answer.
Jib in Arabic means pocket, as the nose pocket the "sinuse"
how do they 'not mean anything'? you just described the etymology of a word - this kind of thing happens all the time and doesn't mean that a word doesn't mean anything
This was entertaining. Very nice.
Can you share some source from where you compiled all these? Great compilation man. I loved your work
Mind blowing! Never knew my tormentors sin & cos came from my own land. Excellent video.