@gmbn You (rider bike shocks and tires) are a mass damper system already. The crux is that it needs to be tuned. You need to adjust the spring force and dampeners according to the mass of the bike and rider and the terrain you are riding on. Adding an additional mass dampener system to the equation will only work if you tune your complete setup (mass, spring force, dampeners, and terrain).
Guys take a look at the new Voodoo Loco Mountain bike. I'm surprised by how good it looks, geometry looking good too. Would love to hear your thoughts.
@@gmbn love you guys and I can see if it does effect your positive end. But your test with the solid added mass will obv feel worse… It doesn’t have the tuned effect plus added mass equals more negative feeling..
i do too! i like to feel things and cant stand my fingers covered and feel i cant modulate properly, i know its a placebo but i also like driving without shoes as i can feel the pedals and can keep my speed dead on consistent for a very long time and not accidentally speed up cos i can feel the pressure on my toes when i put weight on my foot and i can feel pressure on my toes when i unweight and the pedals push into toes!!
Really appreciate the blind testing. I hope you guys will get some force/vibration sensing data acquisition hardware and do some runs. I'm really curious to see what the data will reveal.
Love Owen's enthusiasm when talking about tech. He makes it fascinating to learn about it all. Rich noticing the improved comfort should definitely be examined on an XC run, he's no slouch on a bike, will he notice it more in XC as opposed to enduro?
Quite possibly! Although the XC conversation is usually about removing as much weight as possible. Woudl the vibration reduction and extra weight be more of a benefit than less kilograms per watt expended? 😅🧐
They come stock on almost every crotch rocket sport bike. Along with inverted forks, brembo brakes and an engine. Not sure if the dirt bike race world is using steering dampers but they definitely are not continuing to run the forks in the dry seal dirt collecting stantion scratching configuration.
Based on what people in forums are saying there's still debate about whether or not they actually do anything. I've also seen ridiculous applications where they mount horizontally inside handlebars which defeats the whole purpose. I'm not dismissing the idea of TMDs outright but I feel like it's quickly going to turn into snake oil.
A bit off subject but the original Citroen 2cv produced in 1949 used tuned mass dampers mounted to each wheel, the TMD was a metal weight controlled by a spring and oil all housed in an enclosed housing. Nothing is in mountain biking, it's all borrowed ideas. When we do get original thinkers with great ideas they often fail because the look different.
You still see a lot of those being used as Hill climb cars round here! In our opinion companies like Rimpact and Countercycle who are bringing this tech to MTB are innovating in doing so. Minor gains and improvements really stack up over time, so we'd still rather be with them than without them
well it is new cos it isnt in the suspension like Citroen is so your're not 100% correct but you are correct its not new science but how its applied is! every new mobile mobile is innovated and improved even thou its old technology now
don't forget the innovation and creativity, while the idea itself is not new, finding a way to make it work in a smaller package can be just as creative, as often that was what kept it from being used for those applications. downhill is the one application where adding weight to the total system doesn't have as much of a negative impact it still affects maneuverability and braking distance, but other than that the additional momentum is a benefit. every other cycling application however requires very careful consideration to balance the additional weight against the benefit of the vibration reduction. I can see this being useful in gravel and cobblestone racing, but any application where hill climbing is a large portion of the event it would probably be shunned. but what about other more practical applications... for example could tuned-mass dampers be used to extend the life of headset bearings vs bunny hops, curb drops, gaps in the sidewalk pavers, etc? or maybe my bike shop just installs them incorrectly but I get about 4000 to 5000 mi out of them (it's a 2019 Surly Big Fat Dummy [Medium: 26"×5"tires], and I'm guessing that jumping a curb with 45-75lbs on the cargo rack is probably not good for the headset bearings)
Interesting. The Time Scylon Aktiv has had these for about 8 years now in the roadbike world. Its an incredibly smooth ride but never thought of adding them to a MTB
There are a lot of gimmicks in Mtn biking. This device will work. It's a lot like tuning the buffer weights in an Ar15. Sticking it in the headtube is a great idea. If I still raced I would try one
Maybe I missed something but how would an average mountain biker even determine the resonant frequency of their bike? I assume the vibration frequency and amplitude of each given trail would impact this even more (no pun intended). I once interned at a company that does this kinda stuff for buildings and the way this is measured isn’t really something I can see a normal consumer or even a bike shop doing. Or maybe I just fundamentally misunderstand how this technology works in bikes… or F1 cars for that matter.
How it had been deployed within that gen. of F1 was to further improve aerodynamics by ridding oscillations at the front of the car, thereby continuing the airflow over the car. Top Speed criteria. Here, F1 is just a rubbish hype term for 'the clicks'.
True, it might not be a necessary product for amateur riders, but for gravity racers where it all comes down to fractions of a second it's sure to be picked up. As for the frequency and amplitude, there will always be a range, both in frequency and amplitude, so companies like Rimpact will have modelled a solution which is best for a range, reducing high frequency and high amplitude hits well, but not doing one or the other 'perfectly' because bikes don't experience just one or the other
Is that an air fork you are using? How would it compare to a coil fork? is it simply replacing some of the dampening that you would get from the spring & oil Vs. air?
Great question which may well come down to product size and engineering capability. If the ideal weight is a kilo and the product is massive, it won't work for mountain bikes. This Rimpact one weighs about 285grams and made a noticeable difference to the ride quality. You're never going to tune out all vibrations as there are such a mad range of them, but they've landed on a great place to start
TMDs are designed to tune out resonance at a given frequency I.e. “Tuned”. I had large versions fitted to 10 tonne vibrating screens to tune out transient vibrations to a meeting room😂 As mtb tracks vary in bumps and subsequent suspension frequencies these devices are pretty useless for the general rider as one set for small bump won’t cover bigger hits etc. on the racing scene I can see it working but the benefits will be negligible as the spring stiffness and weight required to provide noticeable effects will be significant. The formula for the weight calculation is freely available online.
i feel like i am misunderstanding someothing.....on a bike YOU are a TMD,,,you shift your weight and resonance to shift the center of gravity to enhance stabilty
If you this tuned mass dampers fit to your gravel bike or road will you make you less sufer on bumpi road or gravel, will be interesting to test. Good dey
Let me see...If Rich would get injured doing such testing, does that leave Owen and Anna to continue on with any future testing? Have to think about that... Still it was fun to see the two Mad Scientists at work.
We definitely see a place for it in the market for enthusiasts! Same as chain dampers, tire inserts and tubeless. They're all performance upgrades which change the way the bike rides/feels, but non of them are strictly necessary for having a good time on a bike in the mountains
I’ve had a countershox on my moto for quite a while. The owner put one on my bike when I met him and I was sold on buying one witching 15 minutes. Have to try a countercycle on my enduro.
A lot of people have been for a fair while now! Lightweight for descent focussed bikes went out of the door about a decade ago. Weight is still important, but the goal isn't to achieve the lowest number on the scales
Yeah the conditions dried up a bit so the time comparison is a bit out of whack with that Rich reported he felt! He's keen to use this TMD a bit more to experience the marginal gains and that more controlled, minimal-vibration feel
any idea if anyone has tried it on gravel or cobbles @gmbn @gcn? I'm guessing they probably wouldn't want to add weight, but it might make a lot of sense on those really long unsupported cross country gravel races where they would be carrying extra weight anyway
Ultimately the rider is what determines a bikes speed.. but was the feel better with the TMD? Absolutely. Marginal gains per lap too would leave more in the tank for that final run of the day if we're talking racing
@@gmbn ppl buy smaller weight stuff to get less fatigue and by doing that getting faster... so if a counterweight makes you even less fatigue than its a win to be honest
@@MsTatakai hmmm some would argue you on the weight! some DH riders add weight to go faster. have you ever picked up a DH bike? they are around 25% heavier and no bike can go down a hill faster then a DH bike
and honestly i dont see this being used in XC there simply isnt enough high impacts to really benift! when i go xc riding i can ride for hours as soon as i go fast im getting fatigued in the arms way faster so i can only see this being used in enduro and DH and possibly crazy people doing crazy riding on a 150 trails bike! basically for bike parks
IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE TO DOING FATIGUE TEST ,When You Use The Damper On 1st Run, shouldn't it had been on the last run to really make it official in its SECRET TASK 🤔
Fatigue is just a part of it. It's mostly about feeling and yes we can feel the difference and a benefit in how controllable the bike is with the damper installed 👍
@@gmbn but the mass damper isn't there to replace dead weight, it's just added to a regular bike, so it would make more sense to compare the mass damper-equiped bike to a regular one. it's less of an apples to apples comparison, but closer to a real world situation.
Where there are vibrations coming into the bike yes it'll help to damp them, but the force and intensity will be best felt on downhills at speed for sure
The bike world needs to invert the fork configuration like the rest of the two wheeled world before they adapt the steering damper.... like the rest of the two wheeled race bikes with engines
0.3 secs on one lap? Is that statisticslly proven it seems like very little time saved on the cars. Timewise not worth it. Reduction in vibrations? Maybe❤.
Margins for error in bikes are probably a bit different to in F1. However, multiple DH races and days of Enduro racing come down to split seconds, so yes it could potentially make all the difference! Especially if it's saved you some energy in the arms and grip strength over the first 4 stages of the day in an Enduro race!
Poor explanation and misleading when saying one was tuned when it was only sprung. A tuned mass is where the mass is calculated to match the harmonic of the system. TMD work to reduce the smaller vibration which is the main contributing factor not the big hits as spoken about here. For the mass to have an effective control of big hits it would need to that big it would be detrimental to the rest of the bike dynamics
Your Leaning tower of Pisa is leaning the wrong way and it the wrong shape. oh sorry it is Taipai 101. Why not Click the Subscribe button Rich Cause if I do it again it unsubscribes me first...
Hi sir, I am sabor sahariar I hope you are well. I'm a personal RUclips thumbnail designer, and I'm passionate about creating engaging, brand-focused thumbnails for your channel. My goal is to create designs that enhance your content and attract more visitors. If you want, I can create a sample thumbnail for you to review first. If you are satisfied with this, we can discuss future work opportunities.
Will you be trying a tuned mass damper anytime soon?
@gmbn You (rider bike shocks and tires) are a mass damper system already. The crux is that it needs to be tuned. You need to adjust the spring force and dampeners according to the mass of the bike and rider and the terrain you are riding on. Adding an additional mass dampener system to the equation will only work if you tune your complete setup (mass, spring force, dampeners, and terrain).
Guys take a look at the new Voodoo Loco Mountain bike. I'm surprised by how good it looks, geometry looking good too. Would love to hear your thoughts.
@@gmbn love you guys and I can see if it does effect your positive end. But your test with the solid added mass will obv feel worse…
It doesn’t have the tuned effect plus added mass equals more negative feeling..
I would love to try it but I wonder if it's worthwhile for slower riders, will the comfort gains be noticeable?
Already do, they're called "love handles."
I’m slightly amazed that so many riders go bare-handed
Personal preference really! We know people who avoid gloves even in the depths of winter
i do too! i like to feel things and cant stand my fingers covered and feel i cant modulate properly, i know its a placebo but i also like driving without shoes as i can feel the pedals and can keep my speed dead on consistent for a very long time and not accidentally speed up cos i can feel the pressure on my toes when i put weight on my foot and i can feel pressure on my toes when i unweight and the pedals push into toes!!
@@teodelfuego for me it’s just about feel plus my hands get way to hot
Yeah, a bit ignorant I suppose... 🤷♂️@@gmbn
Same here...chewed up my hands by crashing without gloves once, many years ago. Never again. I use my hands.
I really like the re-found creative freedom this channel has again, and it shows. Owen is a great addition to the team 👍
Awesome to hear Daniel! Thanks for your feedback 😁
You guys should put these on hardtails.
Rimpact and OneUp need to collaborate to make the OneUp multi tool the mass in a TMD. I'm already carrying that weight...
Really cool idea!
As others here have suggested, it'd be interesting to see the difference on a HT 🤔
True, something cool to try out in the future hopefully
Really appreciate the blind testing. I hope you guys will get some force/vibration sensing data acquisition hardware and do some runs. I'm really curious to see what the data will reveal.
Owen's vibe in the video intro is "guy who didn't know energy chews had caffeine in them and ate three packs", and I am 100% here for it.
Happy chappy!
YOU TRIXIE LITTLE HOBBIT!!! 😮
Bit harsh Rich 😅
Love Owen's enthusiasm when talking about tech. He makes it fascinating to learn about it all. Rich noticing the improved comfort should definitely be examined on an XC run, he's no slouch on a bike, will he notice it more in XC as opposed to enduro?
Quite possibly! Although the XC conversation is usually about removing as much weight as possible. Woudl the vibration reduction and extra weight be more of a benefit than less kilograms per watt expended? 😅🧐
@gmbn It is a good question. Could make an interesting follow on video from this one.
for such a simple looking device I bet the MTB industry is going to charge hundreds for it.
They come stock on almost every crotch rocket sport bike. Along with inverted forks, brembo brakes and an engine. Not sure if the dirt bike race world is using steering dampers but they definitely are not continuing to run the forks in the dry seal dirt collecting stantion scratching configuration.
Sure thats mass dampers and not hydraulic steering dampers?
Based on what people in forums are saying there's still debate about whether or not they actually do anything. I've also seen ridiculous applications where they mount horizontally inside handlebars which defeats the whole purpose. I'm not dismissing the idea of TMDs outright but I feel like it's quickly going to turn into snake oil.
This rimpact one is £179 on preorder atm
my HT wants a little some of that TMD action...
It would be great to see how it changes the feel of a hardtail!
A bit off subject but the original Citroen 2cv produced in 1949 used tuned mass dampers mounted to each wheel, the TMD was a metal weight controlled by a spring and oil all housed in an enclosed housing.
Nothing is in mountain biking, it's all borrowed ideas.
When we do get original thinkers with great ideas they often fail because the look different.
You still see a lot of those being used as Hill climb cars round here! In our opinion companies like Rimpact and Countercycle who are bringing this tech to MTB are innovating in doing so. Minor gains and improvements really stack up over time, so we'd still rather be with them than without them
well it is new cos it isnt in the suspension like Citroen is so your're not 100% correct but you are correct its not new science but how its applied is! every new mobile mobile is innovated and improved even thou its old technology now
don't forget the innovation and creativity, while the idea itself is not new, finding a way to make it work in a smaller package can be just as creative, as often that was what kept it from being used for those applications. downhill is the one application where adding weight to the total system doesn't have as much of a negative impact it still affects maneuverability and braking distance, but other than that the additional momentum is a benefit. every other cycling application however requires very careful consideration to balance the additional weight against the benefit of the vibration reduction. I can see this being useful in gravel and cobblestone racing, but any application where hill climbing is a large portion of the event it would probably be shunned.
but what about other more practical applications... for example could tuned-mass dampers be used to extend the life of headset bearings vs bunny hops, curb drops, gaps in the sidewalk pavers, etc? or maybe my bike shop just installs them incorrectly but I get about 4000 to 5000 mi out of them (it's a 2019 Surly Big Fat Dummy [Medium: 26"×5"tires], and I'm guessing that jumping a curb with 45-75lbs on the cargo rack is probably not good for the headset bearings)
Interesting. The Time Scylon Aktiv has had these for about 8 years now in the roadbike world. Its an incredibly smooth ride but never thought of adding them to a MTB
I'm not so interested in the time gains as the added comfort. Really curious how well they will work with a hardtail, as that's my preferred ride.
There are a lot of gimmicks in Mtn biking. This device will work. It's a lot like tuning the buffer weights in an Ar15.
Sticking it in the headtube is a great idea. If I still raced I would try one
I was waiting for you guys to shake that thing... But it never happened! 😕
Not in public 😂
Calls himself a mere mortal, absolutely shreds that park.
Maybe I missed something but how would an average mountain biker even determine the resonant frequency of their bike? I assume the vibration frequency and amplitude of each given trail would impact this even more (no pun intended). I once interned at a company that does this kinda stuff for buildings and the way this is measured isn’t really something I can see a normal consumer or even a bike shop doing. Or maybe I just fundamentally misunderstand how this technology works in bikes… or F1 cars for that matter.
How it had been deployed within that gen. of F1 was to further improve aerodynamics by ridding oscillations at the front of the car, thereby continuing the airflow over the car. Top Speed criteria. Here, F1 is just a rubbish hype term for 'the clicks'.
True, it might not be a necessary product for amateur riders, but for gravity racers where it all comes down to fractions of a second it's sure to be picked up. As for the frequency and amplitude, there will always be a range, both in frequency and amplitude, so companies like Rimpact will have modelled a solution which is best for a range, reducing high frequency and high amplitude hits well, but not doing one or the other 'perfectly' because bikes don't experience just one or the other
Really interesting subject 👌🧐
We think so too!
You made Dai Hard, CnD and Deep Navigation look like a local Blue trail. Chapeau. Damper or not.
Is that an air fork you are using? How would it compare to a coil fork? is it simply replacing some of the dampening that you would get from the spring & oil Vs. air?
Interesting, Maybe we will see this tech build in on the air shaft in the future.
Fox have a patent out for an adjustable TMD in the crown and lowers for forks, as well as the frame. Interesting to see where it leads.
Great video!
Glad you enjoyed it! Thanks for watching
Interesting... But how does one know how much mass and what to tune the frequency for?
Great question which may well come down to product size and engineering capability. If the ideal weight is a kilo and the product is massive, it won't work for mountain bikes. This Rimpact one weighs about 285grams and made a noticeable difference to the ride quality. You're never going to tune out all vibrations as there are such a mad range of them, but they've landed on a great place to start
TMDs are designed to tune out resonance at a given frequency I.e. “Tuned”. I had large versions fitted to 10 tonne vibrating screens to tune out transient vibrations to a meeting room😂
As mtb tracks vary in bumps and subsequent suspension frequencies these devices are pretty useless for the general rider as one set for small bump won’t cover bigger hits etc. on the racing scene I can see it working but the benefits will be negligible as the spring stiffness and weight required to provide noticeable effects will be significant. The formula for the weight calculation is freely available online.
i feel like i am misunderstanding someothing.....on a bike YOU are a TMD,,,you shift your weight and resonance to shift the center of gravity to enhance stabilty
Head (and rear) lights could TMDs, too, with just a little linkage.
If you this tuned mass dampers fit to your gravel bike or road will you make you less sufer on bumpi road or gravel, will be interesting to test. Good dey
We'll chat to GCN 🤘
What will it do on a full rigid bike? And can i make it with magnets progressiv;)
Let me see...If Rich would get injured doing such testing, does that leave Owen and Anna to continue on with any future testing? Have to think about that... Still it was fun to see the two Mad Scientists at work.
Potentially! Rich is luckily quite a bomb proof individual!
If a TMD is making a difference to your ride, you’re probably the kind of rider that has a team to do the dirty work…
We definitely see a place for it in the market for enthusiasts! Same as chain dampers, tire inserts and tubeless. They're all performance upgrades which change the way the bike rides/feels, but non of them are strictly necessary for having a good time on a bike in the mountains
I’ve had a countershox on my moto for quite a while. The owner put one on my bike when I met him and I was sold on buying one witching 15 minutes. Have to try a countercycle on my enduro.
I think it's hilarious that we're now talking about _adding_ mass to our bikes.
A lot of people have been for a fair while now! Lightweight for descent focussed bikes went out of the door about a decade ago. Weight is still important, but the goal isn't to achieve the lowest number on the scales
Interesting and fun to watch but I still expected to see time comparison even if Rich wasn't necessarily pushing it
Yeah the conditions dried up a bit so the time comparison is a bit out of whack with that Rich reported he felt! He's keen to use this TMD a bit more to experience the marginal gains and that more controlled, minimal-vibration feel
Looking forward to more TMD videos
any idea if anyone has tried it on gravel or cobbles @gmbn @gcn? I'm guessing they probably wouldn't want to add weight, but it might make a lot of sense on those really long unsupported cross country gravel races where they would be carrying extra weight anyway
screw faster, does it make the ride more enjoyable?
Definitely less chattery on these high frequency bike park tracks with this model of TMD yes 💪
I'm waiting for the Rimpact damper to get to market before I get 1.👍🏻
Let us know your thoughts!
Where can I buy that tuned mass damper you tried the video?
It's still a prototype from Rimpact right now but you can sign up for more info when it's ready through their website
Cleary more on rider feel/fatigue than time on track... but anyway... could be a solution for everyone!
Ultimately the rider is what determines a bikes speed.. but was the feel better with the TMD? Absolutely. Marginal gains per lap too would leave more in the tank for that final run of the day if we're talking racing
@@gmbn ppl buy smaller weight stuff to get less fatigue and by doing that getting faster... so if a counterweight makes you even less fatigue than its a win to be honest
@@MsTatakai hmmm some would argue you on the weight! some DH riders add weight to go faster. have you ever picked up a DH bike? they are around 25% heavier and no bike can go down a hill faster then a DH bike
and honestly i dont see this being used in XC there simply isnt enough high impacts to really benift! when i go xc riding i can ride for hours as soon as i go fast im getting fatigued in the arms way faster so i can only see this being used in enduro and DH and possibly crazy people doing crazy riding on a 150 trails bike! basically for bike parks
@@Yhoda.PsyTrakked yes i did and i agree with you
incredible Video
Thank you!
This is why guys with pot bellies are so stable. It’s a genetic advantage.
IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE TO DOING FATIGUE TEST ,When You Use The Damper On 1st Run, shouldn't it had been on the last run to really make it official in its SECRET TASK 🤔
Fatigue is just a part of it. It's mostly about feeling and yes we can feel the difference and a benefit in how controllable the bike is with the damper installed 👍
nice one!
Should've tested against s bike that didn't have the added mas, since that's what one's trying to improve/upgrade upon
Since the mass is there though it's better to test sprung vs unsprung
@@gmbn but the mass damper isn't there to replace dead weight, it's just added to a regular bike, so it would make more sense to compare the mass damper-equiped bike to a regular one. it's less of an apples to apples comparison, but closer to a real world situation.
First AMD, then WMDs and now TMDs? OMG! 😂😅
"Ex MotoGP technician"
Says it all... 😂
99% of ALL bicycle tech, innovation & advances have come from moto/auto industry...
Always has, always will.
Agreed.... yet mountain bikes insist on not adapting the inverted fork configuration.
If F1 banned it there is a strong chance that UCI will also ban it. The development of the product will then be affected.
We will have to see what happens next year!
If it innovates, improves speed or is in any way fun, the UCI will drop that ban hammer. I swear, UCI is trying to ruin the sport.
7:17 for you LOTR fans hahahahahaah
Would a TMD enhance technical climbing?
Where there are vibrations coming into the bike yes it'll help to damp them, but the force and intensity will be best felt on downhills at speed for sure
The bike world needs to invert the fork configuration like the rest of the two wheeled world before they adapt the steering damper.... like the rest of the two wheeled race bikes with engines
Shake Weight installed in bike 🤔
Seems like a pretty unnecessary added bit of weight if you’re not racing
You dont need to race to want avoid arm pain on a day in Alps doing enduro trails.
we got 2025 trend before 2025
Mark our words 😉
0.3 secs on one lap? Is that statisticslly proven it seems like very little time saved on the cars. Timewise not worth it. Reduction in vibrations? Maybe❤.
F1 cars are separated by 100’s of a second per lap in qualifying, a 0.3 per lap is significant.
@ aha but does that mean it is apliccable on bikes?
Margins for error in bikes are probably a bit different to in F1. However, multiple DH races and days of Enduro racing come down to split seconds, so yes it could potentially make all the difference! Especially if it's saved you some energy in the arms and grip strength over the first 4 stages of the day in an Enduro race!
Has anyone tested this on a hardtail?
To measure the improvement you made the original bike worse by adding artificial weight!?
Interesting but tricksy little hobbit stole the show 😂
Poor explanation and misleading when saying one was tuned when it was only sprung. A tuned mass is where the mass is calculated to match the harmonic of the system.
TMD work to reduce the smaller vibration which is the main contributing factor not the big hits as spoken about here. For the mass to have an effective control of big hits it would need to that big it would be detrimental to the rest of the bike dynamics
ADD MORE WEIGHT. srry no. most of us have to ride up the mountain.
You'll be surprised how unnoticeable an extra 200 odd grams can be here and there!
Unnecesary weight. Unless you have a lift where you ride, then that thing is just dead weight.
Bike park whales?!? What does a bicycle for a whale even look like...
Your Leaning tower of Pisa is leaning the wrong way and it the wrong shape. oh sorry it is Taipai 101. Why not Click the Subscribe button Rich Cause if I do it again it unsubscribes me first...
Another overpriced BS 👎
Hi sir, I am sabor sahariar
I hope you are well. I'm a personal RUclips thumbnail designer, and I'm passionate about creating engaging, brand-focused thumbnails for your channel. My goal is to create designs that enhance your content and attract more visitors.
If you want, I can create a sample thumbnail for you to review first. If you are satisfied with this, we can discuss future work opportunities.
S t h u
everybody tries this. and it's the wrong way. there's lots of information about how to go about this, good luck!
Uh, I guess the phone call scamming has became this😂😂