138,000 Volt Substation tour with DRONE!
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- Опубликовано: 27 янв 2024
- I love to learn and to educate others on the small fraction of what I know. I hope these videos will keep people safe and make them smarter about high voltage. There are lifetimes of knowledge with each piece of equipment shown in these videos. I only touch the surface. I am always learning and want others to learn along with me. I am not a professional speaker by far so sorry for any grammatical errors.
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What an absolute fantastic walk through video. It’s always been my dream to have someone talk me through substation equipment in real life. This is about as close as it can get. Cannot thank you enough. You got yourself a new subscriber!
thanks for your great tour. I 'm a retired 45 year 600 volt electrician and I've always hated those Ty rap Sticky backs too. They never last!
Thank you, that was a treat. This is how retired EEs get their kicks!
Another great walk through, thanks! Great explanations for laypeople too. Nice looking build and great they let you video and share them.
The difference between CCVTs and CVTs is a CCVT is used to put RF signals on the line for PLC (Power Line Carrier), hence the coupled nomenclature. It couples the RF signal to the transmission conductor, as well as receive it. Power Line Carrier is for relay coordination between subs, block trip, and other simple permissives and you'll see wave traps associated with them to stop the carrier from going through on to the next sub. And a lot of people confuse wave traps with reactors, since they look like a reactor, but will sometimes only be on one phase. But they are just a tuned RC circuit to stop the RF signal from propagating any further than needed. PLC pre-dates fiber optic communications, so more of an older protection communication system.
SF6 is the most greenhouse gas there is. Something like 26,000 times more of a greenhouse gas than CO2. For years it wasn't a concern since the SF6 gas usage around the world is minimal. But, yeah, now the last few years it's become the hot topic. Always something... lol
More useless but interesting fact, the fingers on the disconnects that are in a U shape. That U shape actually helps make a better connection to the movable contact under higher loads and fault conditions. Since the current loops back on itself and the magnetic field it creates will try to expand those fingers even more and push in to the contacts. That was in an S&C or Southern States manual, but though that was pretty cool bit of info not too many know about.
Work safe and keep on making videos!
Many thanks for the additional info.
Great info!!
@@spdfreakls1 Thanks!
We used to use those couplers and chokes for MF radio links running over 275kV in Scotland many years ago - all replaced with either OPGW (optical ground wire) like here or with wrapped fibre retro installed on the existing ground wire.
Appreciate the extra info!
Great tour! About the SF6 gas, it's more of a greenhouse gas, not as much ozone depleting. It's about 24,000 times more potent as a greenhouse gas than CO2. The new gas is about 1/10 as potent as SF6 and doesn't last long in the environment.
This makes sense thanks!
That's a clean yard! I'm trying to become a sub tech, hope to work on similar equipment someday.
Tertiary Winding uses
It reduces the unbalancing in the primary due to unbalancing in three phase load.
It redistributes the flow of fault current.
Sometime it is required to supply an auxiliary load in different voltage level in addition to its main secondary load. This secondary load can be taken from tertiary winding of three winding transformer.
As the tertiary winding is connected in delta formation in 3 winding transformer, it assists in limitation of fault current in the event of a short circuit from line to neutral.
Bunch of people are looking for you. Time and place. You better address them... If they have to find you... you will not like their disposition.
@@Failure_Is_An_Option If they find me they may not be very thrilled with my disposition
Great video, thanks.
I'm surprised you don't have a line ground switch.
Next chance you get, putting in another of these facilities I'd LOVE to the ground system being put in!
When there is a set direction of power flow, the normal for a transformer will primary will be delta and the secondary will be wye. The wye connection on the secondary establishes the system ground point. With a conventional power plant, the generator will be wye connected, and the step up will be delta low, wye high. Distribution transformers will have delta high, wye low.
Because wind turbine substations work both directions, they need to have a wye connection on both sides. As a generator source on the HV system, the high side needs to be grounded. The low needs a ground, as the wind turbine is usually a 3 wire source. The purpose of the delta tertiary is to establish the ground reference. Since the delta is connected start to finish all the way around the triangle, the sum of VAN, VBN and VCN is forced to be zero. The moment the voltage tries to change, a current will flow in the delta and re-establish the balance.
Thanks for the video.
I worked in a mining/milling operation years ago. 600 volts max.
Thanks again.
With regards to power factor control, I have a good example of how this works based on a 120v. electric motor. This is a 2 hp motor that draws 12 amps line current with no load.
By parallel connection of a 180 uf capacitor, my line amperage drops to about 3A.
The capacitor cancels the inductive portion of the current drawn from the AC line by the motor.
What an interesting and informative video. Looking forward to a future video of when the station is livened up but I bet you won't be filming quite as close! 😀
I enjoyed watching and learning from that, thank you!
Thank you very much for this presentation, very much appreciated 👌
Thanks for the video, fascinating stuff. All the best.
Absolutely fascinating, thank you very much.👍
boost transformer losses could heat homes, idle 78KW , running 219KW wow. HEAT!
It's nothing that you can really harvest though - overall temps will be fairly low and a lot of these big transformers are in fairly remote locations.
In fact, that 219KW it's pretty incredible because that's at a 134MVA load. Assuming a power factor of 1 (it won't be) that's 134 mega watts of power meaning the efficiency of that transformer in terms of wasted heat is 99.84% - it's incredible that's how low the heat loss is.
In reality with lower PF values and some other losses it's probably still in the 95-98% efficient range.
@@deezelfairy Great to see nameplates and data, please keep posting..
Low grade heat turbine to generator would be best way now. However the station loss seems to me like .2% of product, very low!
their called "loss" ;-(
nice video
10:02 top right. Do not put shorting terminal blocks in any PT box. Those should be only used in CTs. Someone will put shorting screws in their and blow the ccvt up. Not sure if thats before or after the fuses in there or what but just don't do it. Ask me how I know. Don't tell people to use a screw to hold a sticky back. Rather not have another hole, someone will put a screw in the top. 10yrs no one will care if that sticky back is there. Just make sure you leave enough tail and mark your cables really well. Still doing maintenance on equipment from the 70s.
Gold star for you sir! We are going to have the shorting bar removed tomorrow!! Great catch!!!
Nice video dude! Not a big fan of the mechanical lugs, and am surprised to see them all over this collector substation! Is that common for wherever you live?
Wipe w/solvent before placing a sticky please. It will hold a few years then.
They still fall off, even good name brand sticky backs. The cabinets get hot in the sun and they just fall off. Indoors they are good, but in my experience in any outside cabinet, just useless.
Please, when it starts, you have to show us...
So when you have a delta input or output you have to ground one of the phases right? (as in Tn-c-s) Do you have any ideia how high the primary/secondary can float in relation to ground if this connection to ground is lost, and would this charge be mostly capacitive coupling from pri/sec or electrostatic charge picked from the lines? Thank you.
Wind turbine transformers universally use wye-wye transformers with a delta tertiary. Because they are bi-directional, they need to establish ground on both sides of the system, hence the wye connection on both sides. The delta stabilizes the line to neutral voltage on both sides. Usually the delta will be corner grounded.
What makes huge transformers better than multiple smaller ones? When I see roads closed to facilitate their transport, I can only imagine the expense.
Many smaller ones add additional cables, terminations and testing. When you hit about 250MVA you start to swing to it being more expensive. A single 100-250 MVA transformer is more cost effective then many smaller ones. Less of a footprint too.
What is the relationship between each low-side transformer and the turbines? Is it one transformer per turbine, or perhaps one transformer per a group of turbines?
I am sort of confused by this question, but i think i understand. Some turbines produce 600-1000 volts. This voltage travels down the turbine and the customer supplies 1 transformer right outside at the base of the turbine that kicks it up to 35kV to the substation. At the substation there are 1-2 main power transformers that kick it up to the transmission line voltages. Other turbines like these have the transformer in the nacelle of the turbine, so 35kv comes down the turbine then right out into the substation. Most (not all) of the actual generators themselves make 400,690 or 1000 volts.
What is the loss like ?
20:45 cool stuff but unless its calibrated and maintained kind a useless. Just more alarms that people will lift and leave out of service. Send oil samples into a lab. Much better off then guessing if your sampling equipment is correct or not. I wouldn't be using that for tripping.
Agreed in general to your comment. This unit does self calibrate (it has test gas inside it) and a large bottle of Helium on the outside.
Where is this Sub located at ?
Midwest
SF6 is almost not used in new installs at 132kV and below here these days. SF6 is just to damaging to the environment. Wonder if its just for GIS systems and not the CBs that are available without SF6 still. I do know the GIS system takes up a bit more space when not using SF6.
What is the replacement gas you are using?
@@inothomeDitto....
@@inothome Not exactly sure what it is, but all the major players have SF6 alternatives now. GE Grid, Siemens and Hitachi.
SF6 free equipment up to 145kV have been around for a few years already. I believe Hitachi is supplying 420kV rated equipment now.
Wonder if it might be C4-FN.
Do a search for "SF6 alternative" or "SF6 free" and you'll find articles and product solutions from the big companies.
I think one of the trial mixtures is called g³.
@@jessiepooch I have seen a few in development, but was wondering what is actually being used and how well it is working. Thought maybe someone had some experience with them.
Here in Germany and Europe altogether every official shits his pants when you talk about flying drones close to substations or power lines... like a single small drone will surely cause a nation-wide power outage if it collides with a single power line.
that is funny. Its like a bird on a wire, nothing happens.
13:44 Why blur the operator?
Not so much the operator but writing on the steel.
Molecular nitrogen gas has a mass 28 g/mole, while molecular oxygen has a mass of 32 g/mole. Have you ever asked yourself why you can breathe if all the oxygen has sunk to floor? It is because the collision frequency between different gasses is so high that they cannot settle and be stratified by gravity. They continuously collide with each other and mix together. If I measure at the floor, each volume of gas will contain 78% N2, 21% O2, about 1% Ar, and 0.04% CO2. If I stand up I will find the same proportions. If climb mount Everest, there is less total air, but the proportion of these chemically stable elements is the same. In fact I can travel to the edge of space at 80 km, where the gas density is extremely low, but there will still be the same proportions of N2, O2, Ar, and CO2. SF6, like these other species, does not readily react chemically so that it is stable. It then mixes with other gases and maintains its proportion, albeit a small proportion, throughout the atmosphere.
This was way above my head for the most part but very informative! Thank you for the explanation!