i love how you end ur videos ‘hopefully that’s been of some help’ mate you’re absolutely saving my chemistry grade. i appreciate ur videos so so so much i can’t even put into words. its not some help it’s a looot of help. thank you endlessly !!
You sir are fantastic, taught me nucleophilic substitution in 15 minutes, when it takes my teacher 3 lessons to barely scratch the surface! Thank you very much for your video, keep making more!
Amazing! The next Khan Academy?! This made my day. So good, too good. Are you professional? Where do you work? Who are you? God. You must be God. I'm gonna pass my exams! I can feel it! I know it! With these video's I can do ANYTHING. Thank you sir, thank you for the gift of brain.
+Ryan Stanga Hi, Ryan! How are you? Long time no see - I'm glad to see that you're doing Chemistry, clearly you got some excellent inspiration back in Year 7...
+E Rintoul Of course! Best Science teacher ever! wow yeah im taking Core Maths, Computing, Chemistry and Physics. Chemistry is hard though but im handling it, these videos will make it much easier! Keep up the good work ;) and Merry Christmas!
Awwwwww this reminds me of my old fav teacher. I’d give anything to see her one more time and to just have a chat with her😊😊 you clearly are a great teacher and I’m hoping i can fix my chem grade with these videos. It’s always nice to see teachers inspiring children!!❤❤
Currently lost in my chemistry class but I learn more from a few of your videos than I do in class. Guess it's because it feels like a one on one compared to a class environment. Thank you so much!!!- a very grateful chemistry student.
ngl I go into class and I come out hating them but then i watch your videos and i love chemistry again *starts tearing up due to the overflow of emotions* LOL my existence is so cringe but its actually so true
genuinely, thank you so so so much, you're making chemistry so much clearer for me and doing it in a way that its simple and I'm not getting stressed, as stress demotivates me so much - I'm hoping if I keep going I can get an A or even an A* in chem this summer!
@@puddleduck1405 oh my bad I saw similar comments under other threads so I thought it was u asking how everyones getting on after they finished A levels years after. I'm still retaking
Reaction machanism is the base of whole organic chemistry. Once you will understand the uses of tools of reaction mechanism . You will know the logic behind every reactions
can i just say you the babzzz, the bomb and the bosss (LOL overly bum-licking). honestly our teacher spent four lessons trying to teach this but your video wasn't even half an hour and i picked it up. Thanks dude :)
quote E Rintoul 'It asked for the mechanism that would make the final molecule with the NH2 group, it didn't ask me to draw the final molecule. My mechanism, at the stage with the NH3+ shows the bond collapsing onto the nitrogen atom, the result being an NH2 group. You only need to draw the final product if asked to' just found his answer to the same question further down the page
Good videos mate. Helping me get through the course with these and because I work and take A-Levels, I barely ever have time to actually study. You sound young so I was somewhat skeptical at first but you know your stuff and I can actually take stuff from these videos into my lessons. Just wanted to say thanks and if there was anyway I could drop an email or something to you somehow if I ever get stuck?
However, the Ammonium part has baffled me. I thought Nitrogen could only make 3 covalent bonds? Yet, it's here making 4? C-NH3? The electrons donated from that Nitrogen atom has also confused me a little but perhaps I am just too tired right now. I'll check back later!
Hi, I have 2 questions: 1) Where do these lone pairs come from - are they just 2 electrons in the valence band of the nucleophile? 2) I don't quite understand why the nitrogen is given a 1+ positive charge when it is a covalent bond and it still has the electron that it gave to the carbon to form the bond? Olly
Hey, great video and thanks. By the way, at the end with the ammonia, you know you only get nh2 on the carbon, if there wasn't another nh3 to form ammonium would you form HBr as another product?
I am back. Good video still, watched it a few times now. My earlier comment can be rectified to a certain extent but still, questions I have! The propane nitrile? Now, I may be getting confused due to some intense cramming tonight - but, Cn+H2n+2 = alkanes g. formula? How are we getting an "-ane" here?
I like this topic! Easy peasy! Just a question, in my book, it mentions that you get the amine, but you also get the Bromide and the Ammonium Ion. They both combine to form Ammonium Bromide, will we have to include this?
Boro Jen xX Ypu're absolutely right, but I don't think I've ever seen a question come up that has asked anything about the ammonium ion or the bromide ion!
Thanks! In all honesty, probably not. If the question you are referring to is the one where you are expected to draw the mechanism for any of the reactions, the partial charges don't tend to come up on the markscheme. More importantly are things like drawing arrows from lone-pairs/bonds and then putting them onto the correct position as well as those cheeky charges on atoms (as in the positive nitrogen atom that is formed in the intermediate stage when ammonia acts as a nucleophile with a haloalkane). The only place I've ever seen marks given for partial charges has been on the question where it asks you to draw out the bonding in liquid water for example. Here, with the hydrogen bonding present, you need to include the partial charges. However that was in CHEM 1 so that's gone now! That help at all?
Omar Alias Hi and thanks! Yeah for sure - it's particularly important to note the differences between the conditions required to favour elimination over nucleophilic sub. Nucleophilic sub. - OH- ions in solution, cool temp. Elimination - OH- ions in ethanolic solution, warmed That helped?
Is there not a temporary intermediate stage where the for example CN is partially bonded to the C at the same time that the Br is giving it a negative charge? Will this not get marks in the exam?
moneyhoneyhoney It asked for the mechanism that would make the final molecule with the NH2 group, it didn't ask me to draw the final molecule. My mechanism, at the stage with the NH3+ shows the bond collapsing onto the nitrogen atom, the result being an NH2 group. You only need to draw the final product if asked to.
Thank you so much without you i probably would have failed unit 1 but with the exam question, do you know it's a nucleophilic substitution just because of the NH3?
In CHEM 2, if you are required to draw a mechanism and one reactant is NH3, you can be sure that you are dealing with nucleophilic substitution. And thank you for the kind words!
at 4;36 shouldn't the arrow be a half arrow from the bond to the bromine as only one electron is moved? Can you please explain because i am stuck, thanks
9clpc8 It depends on the nucleophile; for NH3, yes, for the others, no. When it comes to the OH- ion or the CN- ion, just draw the one stage. The ammonia molecule is the trickier one. That helped?
Apple Orange Hey, Apple! Hydrolysis is a reaction that involves breaking a molecule using water. So the answer is yes and no. The reactions shown here are of the hydroxide ion coming from sodium/potassium hydroxide. But, the reaction with water is hydrolysis and a nucleophilic substitution reaction - it just isn't drawn quite the same... Have a look at this page... www.chemguide.co.uk/mechanisms/nucsub/water.html
E Rintoul Hey sir! Thanks, that was really helpful, do you think those mechanisms are beyond the scope of AS chem? Also another question, do you have any tips for doing well in the ISAs? I did my first one and got 35/50, but I am hoping to achieve an A overall so I am afraid this mark will pull my grade down in the summer. I am going to do the milk of magnesia isa paper next week but I was just wondering if you have any general tips/advice to help improve my mark. I am quite worried because I don't want to be in a position where I achieve good marks in the exam and get pulled down due to the ISA paper!!
Apple Orange I don't think they'd put that mechanism into the paper - it's not specified on the specification! ISAs are tricky - my classes are doing them at the minute. The trick is to read the question fully and to make sure that your answer is detailed and actually answers the question! You can use the past grade boundaries for ISAs to get a rough idea of where your mark would put you in terms of UMS, but you can get an A with no UMS at all from the ISA - it just means getting full marks on both papers!
Hi! If you mean the question at 11:44, then I did draw the intermediate stage! The intermediate stage of the NH3 nucleophilic substitution reaction is where you have the positively charged N. Get it?
callum macneil Elimination will form an alkene, and will be using concentrated hydroxide, heat and ethanol as a solvent. Nucleophilic substitution will form a haloalkane, nitrile or amine and will use dilute, aqueous hydroxide that is cold.
Hi Mr Rintoul, could you kindly explain to me why the nitrogen becomes positive during the nucleophilic substitution with NH3 ? I still don't fully understand.. thank you! :-)
Pattie Boswell Never! And that goes for the A2 as well. All of the mechanisms that you'll come across in AS and A2 Chemistry revolve around the movement of pairs of electrons, hence the double-headed arrow. The only time I ever use single-headed arrows is when showing the homolytic fission of Cl2 as a starting point for free-radical substitution.
+Jack Devin This is a question that one of my students asked the other day. My honest answer is that I do not know! I would always encourage pencil for diagrams and mechanisms, but that does mean going against the black pen policy. You could always do it in pencil and then go over it in pen. But I know that is just adding on more time. I will get in touch with AQA at some point and ask the question!
+FST NUKEZZ I got in touch with AQA not so long ago with the same question. They gave the exact same answer as E Rintoul about doing your answers in pencil and going over in pen, which I think is rather pointless. Edexcel, however, have endorsed the use of pencils which I'm glad about as I'm with them for Maths.
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Imagine him as your chemistry teacher 😭 I’d actually be so blessed
right i just realized how useless mine is she just reads the book
Honestly, he’s a godsend
He’s mine
I got lucky
i love how you end ur videos ‘hopefully that’s been of some help’ mate you’re absolutely saving my chemistry grade. i appreciate ur videos so so so much i can’t even put into words. its not some help it’s a looot of help. thank you endlessly !!
You sir are fantastic, taught me nucleophilic substitution in 15 minutes, when it takes my teacher 3 lessons to barely scratch the surface! Thank you very much for your video, keep making more!
lavaman137 Well I am glad! How long are your lessons?!
E Rintoul my lessons are an hour long, but you condensed it so well!
@@lavaman137 what grade did u get and are u done with uni?
@@zlayer_115LMAAOO bro askin this 7 years later
hahahah@@ella-kt8ue
Amazing! The next Khan Academy?! This made my day. So good, too good. Are you professional? Where do you work? Who are you? God. You must be God. I'm gonna pass my exams! I can feel it! I know it! With these video's I can do ANYTHING. Thank you sir, thank you for the gift of brain.
Fell off my chair with this. LMFAO!
well did you pass LMAO
@@masonchin4705 6 years later😭
@@masonchin4705 bro man probably has passed graduated married and had kids by now 😭😂
oscar u better have passed that exam. In fact, how are your kids doing.
Sir! its Ryan Stanga from year 7!!! im doing A level chemistry at harrogate grammar, great videos this one was a lot of help!
+Ryan Stanga Hi, Ryan! How are you? Long time no see - I'm glad to see that you're doing Chemistry, clearly you got some excellent inspiration back in Year 7...
+E Rintoul Of course! Best Science teacher ever! wow yeah im taking Core Maths, Computing, Chemistry and Physics. Chemistry is hard though but im handling it, these videos will make it much easier! Keep up the good work ;) and Merry Christmas!
Ryan Stanga Haha flattery will get you far. Let me know if there's anything I can help you with! Merry Christmas and a happy New Year! Take care.
Awwwwww this reminds me of my old fav teacher. I’d give anything to see her one more time and to just have a chat with her😊😊 you clearly are a great teacher and I’m hoping i can fix my chem grade with these videos. It’s always nice to see teachers inspiring children!!❤❤
Currently lost in my chemistry class but I learn more from a few of your videos than I do in class. Guess it's because it feels like a one on one compared to a class environment. Thank you so much!!!- a very grateful chemistry student.
I honestly owe you so much, you're a chemistry wizard 👐 Thank you!
Molly Pow I'm a what?
I life saver amongst many other things! E Rintoul
Molly Pow You're too kind!
*honest! Really appreciate everything :) E Rintoul
@@MrERintoul you're a wizard eliot
this way of teaching is so efficient, makes you despise school for wasting hours of your time when everything can be covered so simply and quickly.
Thank you once again! How will I ever thank you enough?
Manvir J Spread the words about my videos!
6:58 the minus sliding in out of no-where.
Bit creepy that!!!
You have got some eye mate
😂
This guy’s about to save my Alevel fr
thank you , i missed the lesson when my class covered this and its so helpful
ngl I go into class and I come out hating them but then i watch your videos and i love chemistry again *starts tearing up due to the overflow of emotions* LOL my existence is so cringe but its actually so true
genuinely, thank you so so so much, you're making chemistry so much clearer for me and doing it in a way that its simple and I'm not getting stressed, as stress demotivates me so much - I'm hoping if I keep going I can get an A or even an A* in chem this summer!
what did you get
I hope you did yourself proud :)
I feel enlightened. Truly thank. This is wonderful xample of the gft that keeps giving - the gift of know. Thank so :D
You sir have saved me from possible doom! Your videos are very helpful and you pushed me up 3 letter grades! Thank you so much!
Wow, that's some serious progress! Well done!
wow 7 years ago...how r u doing now
@@puddleduck1405 are u just asking everyone how their getting on 😭
@@icecold4085 wdym lmao
@@puddleduck1405 oh my bad I saw similar comments under other threads so I thought it was u asking how everyones getting on after they finished A levels years after. I'm still retaking
This really helped me to understand the ammonia part of this topic. Thank you!
I quite liked your explanation , thank you!
+Kalifa Joseph No worries :)
thankyou so much my chemistry teacher is terrible you have no idea how much this has helped!
Reaction machanism is the base of whole organic chemistry. Once you will understand the uses of tools of reaction mechanism . You will know the logic behind every reactions
THANK YOU SO MUCH for this video as well as all your other ones, you make a difficult subject a lot more bearable and easier to understand :)
you should use chemrevise too
THIS IS AMAZING, literally never understood it until now. THANK YOU FOR SAVING ME FOR PAPER 2 TOMORROW!
Victoria Roch good luck to us 🤣🤣🤣
JakzKmt we probs need it, this is the only thing i understand 😂
These videos are so good thanks for doing them!
this is fantastic, couldn't understand this unit before, especially with the ammonia, but it makes a lot more sense now :)
thank you so much for your videos, your the reason i will pass my as chemistry :)
Have u done your a levels.
I got my As exam tomorrow and this is helping me so much thankyou for these videos. ❤️❤️
My teacher spent at least 10 lessons on this and I didn't get it at all and u made me understand within 15 mins
Thank you so much for making these videos!!! You're honestly a life saverrrr!
can i just say you the babzzz, the bomb and the bosss (LOL overly bum-licking). honestly our teacher spent four lessons trying to teach this but your video wasn't even half an hour and i picked it up.
Thanks dude :)
Thank you so much!!! This just helped me beyond imagination and I finally understand nucleophilic substitution!
Your the best,bless up
you are a lifesaver ,Prof!!!
I actually love you. Like, LOVE you.
this helped me so much, thanks!! such clear explanation, brilliant
Thank you so much, Sir
I wish you made a video on electrophilic substitution
You helped me a lot thank you for every min
Haha feels nice to see such a recent comment :)
This video was superb! Thank you so much! :)
***** Not a problem :)
I love you Eliot. Thank you so much🤩🤩🤩
You are the best teacher!
Hi sir, i was wondering why in the last question the molecule ended with NH2 but you drew 3 hydrogens attached to the nitrogen?
quote E Rintoul 'It asked for the mechanism that would make the final molecule with the NH2 group, it didn't ask me to draw the final molecule. My mechanism, at the stage with the NH3+ shows the bond collapsing onto the nitrogen atom, the result being an NH2 group.
You only need to draw the final product if asked to' just found his answer to the same question further down the page
This is so nice and clear, thank you so much!
Oh tomorrow's going to be so much fun hahaha thanks for the great videos though they've been really helpfull 😀😀👍
Stomper TJ It'll be a right laugh! No worries :)
not the hero we deserve but the hero we need.
Good videos mate. Helping me get through the course with these and because I work and take A-Levels, I barely ever have time to actually study. You sound young so I was somewhat skeptical at first but you know your stuff and I can actually take stuff from these videos into my lessons. Just wanted to say thanks and if there was anyway I could drop an email or something to you somehow if I ever get stuck?
However, the Ammonium part has baffled me. I thought Nitrogen could only make 3 covalent bonds? Yet, it's here making 4? C-NH3? The electrons donated from that Nitrogen atom has also confused me a little but perhaps I am just too tired right now. I'll check back later!
@@yoiki2897 you are right, that is why the bond between Nitrogen and Hydrogen is broken by NH3
Hi,
I have 2 questions:
1) Where do these lone pairs come from - are they just 2 electrons in the valence band of the nucleophile?
2) I don't quite understand why the nitrogen is given a 1+ positive charge when it is a covalent bond and it still has the electron that it gave to the carbon to form the bond?
Olly
your videos have helped me SO much, thankyou!!
God bless you please keep up the good work !
thank you so much for this it makes so much sense now
Your videos are amazing THANK YOU SO MUCH!!
Hey, great video and thanks. By the way, at the end with the ammonia, you know you only get nh2 on the carbon, if there wasn't another nh3 to form ammonium would you form HBr as another product?
Very interesting video. Thank you so much!
Not a problem!
Thank you so much man you made me improve alot
I wish you taught at my school, why don't you? I'm stuck with a teacher who couldnt distinguish between endothermic and exothermic.
Emma Se How do you know that I don't teach at your school...?
Really helpful & clear :)
I am back. Good video still, watched it a few times now. My earlier comment can be rectified to a certain extent but still, questions I have!
The propane nitrile? Now, I may be getting confused due to some intense cramming tonight - but, Cn+H2n+2 = alkanes g. formula? How are we getting an "-ane" here?
Great video, this helps so much :)
Thank you so much my bro
is so helpful, thank you so much
what about SN1 and SN2 mechanisms..... are they out of spec....
thanks so much, this was really helpful
I can’t thank you enough
Big thanks!
ruqaya suadad No problem!
what are the conditions of each of these nucleophilic substitutions
This video is great! It would be good if you could do the other mechanisms, thanks :)
Thanks! I have one on free-radical substitution coming soon and will be making one on electrophilic addition in the near future.
I like this topic! Easy peasy! Just a question, in my book, it mentions that you get the amine, but you also get the Bromide and the Ammonium Ion. They both combine to form Ammonium Bromide, will we have to include this?
Boro Jen xX Ypu're absolutely right, but I don't think I've ever seen a question come up that has asked anything about the ammonium ion or the bromide ion!
E Rintoul On the Amine, do you need to include the lone pair of electrons on the N atom?
Boro Jen xX If you are referring to the finished product, no.
Once again, great videos! Just a question, what would the last product of the exam question be called? Thanks again!
+iPlay Using the rule given at 11:10 should be propylamine
This video is really good! Thank you!
Quick question - in the five mark exam questions, do you need to put the partial charges on the C-Halogen bond??
Thanks!
In all honesty, probably not. If the question you are referring to is the one where you are expected to draw the mechanism for any of the reactions, the partial charges don't tend to come up on the markscheme. More importantly are things like drawing arrows from lone-pairs/bonds and then putting them onto the correct position as well as those cheeky charges on atoms (as in the positive nitrogen atom that is formed in the intermediate stage when ammonia acts as a nucleophile with a haloalkane).
The only place I've ever seen marks given for partial charges has been on the question where it asks you to draw out the bonding in liquid water for example. Here, with the hydrogen bonding present, you need to include the partial charges. However that was in CHEM 1 so that's gone now!
That help at all?
This helped a lot. Thanks! =D
Hi there great video. Quick question do you need to know about reaction conditions e.g. warm aqueous sodium/ potassium hydroxide ?
Omar Alias Hi and thanks! Yeah for sure - it's particularly important to note the differences between the conditions required to favour elimination over nucleophilic sub.
Nucleophilic sub. - OH- ions in solution, cool temp.
Elimination - OH- ions in ethanolic solution, warmed
That helped?
Thank you just to let you know your vids are a great help :P
at 11:35 what about the bromine what happens with that does it attach to the H+ and -br which will form HBR GAS
+Aqib Ahmed Ja.
Is this an example of heterolytic bond fission, as the halogen gains both electrons during the substitution?
on 11:10 where did the NH3- come from? (the one where you drew the curly arrow bonding to the hydrogen)
+Blueberry 2 Love It's another NH3 from solution. It does not have a charge though!
Very nice
Is there not a temporary intermediate stage where the for example CN is partially bonded to the C at the same time that the Br is giving it a negative charge? Will this not get marks in the exam?
Hi quick question, the exam question asked for the final molecule to have NH2 but you left it at NH3. Why was that
moneyhoneyhoney It asked for the mechanism that would make the final molecule with the NH2 group, it didn't ask me to draw the final molecule. My mechanism, at the stage with the NH3+ shows the bond collapsing onto the nitrogen atom, the result being an NH2 group.
You only need to draw the final product if asked to.
Awesome explanation, only question is in minute 11 you say the NH3 loses one H and it goes to a NH4, could you explain that somehow?
sir that was amazing, but please could you explain SN1 and SN2 mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution... thank you in advance :)
Thank you so much without you i probably would have failed unit 1 but with the exam question, do you know it's a nucleophilic substitution just because of the NH3?
In CHEM 2, if you are required to draw a mechanism and one reactant is NH3, you can be sure that you are dealing with nucleophilic substitution.
And thank you for the kind words!
When reacting with CN- does it not make propionitrile rather than propanenitrile?
at 4;36 shouldn't the arrow be a half arrow from the bond to the bromine as only one electron is moved? Can you please explain because i am stuck, thanks
Also what is the usefulness of these reactions in organic synthesis? thank you
Hello sir. Do you need to draw the intermediate phase in the exams? And how many steps is there to draw?
9clpc8 It depends on the nucleophile; for NH3, yes, for the others, no.
When it comes to the OH- ion or the CN- ion, just draw the one stage. The ammonia molecule is the trickier one.
That helped?
Would you say that nitrogen in the intermediate stage is Delta Negative ?
You are a god.
Thanks, Jess!
hi, in an exam does it matter which way around you put the arrow head as long as they are facing the right place? or will you be penalised
Thank you so much
In my book it talks about hydrolysis of haloalkanes, but is this just the same as nucleophilic substitution with :OH-? Are they just the same thing?
Apple Orange Hey, Apple!
Hydrolysis is a reaction that involves breaking a molecule using water. So the answer is yes and no. The reactions shown here are of the hydroxide ion coming from sodium/potassium hydroxide. But, the reaction with water is hydrolysis and a nucleophilic substitution reaction - it just isn't drawn quite the same...
Have a look at this page... www.chemguide.co.uk/mechanisms/nucsub/water.html
E Rintoul Hey sir! Thanks, that was really helpful, do you think those mechanisms are beyond the scope of AS chem? Also another question, do you have any tips for doing well in the ISAs? I did my first one and got 35/50, but I am hoping to achieve an A overall so I am afraid this mark will pull my grade down in the summer. I am going to do the milk of magnesia isa paper next week but I was just wondering if you have any general tips/advice to help improve my mark. I am quite worried because I don't want to be in a position where I achieve good marks in the exam and get pulled down due to the ISA paper!!
Apple Orange I don't think they'd put that mechanism into the paper - it's not specified on the specification!
ISAs are tricky - my classes are doing them at the minute. The trick is to read the question fully and to make sure that your answer is detailed and actually answers the question!
You can use the past grade boundaries for ISAs to get a rough idea of where your mark would put you in terms of UMS, but you can get an A with no UMS at all from the ISA - it just means getting full marks on both papers!
13:04 LOLLL I’m sick of filling in hydrogens as well😂
Sir, at the end of the video where you show the question, why did you not draw the intermediate phase?
Hi!
If you mean the question at 11:44, then I did draw the intermediate stage!
The intermediate stage of the NH3 nucleophilic substitution reaction is where you have the positively charged N. Get it?
Oh ok thank you!
May i ask how would you know when to use nucleophilic subsitution or elimination?
callum macneil Elimination will form an alkene, and will be using concentrated hydroxide, heat and ethanol as a solvent. Nucleophilic substitution will form a haloalkane, nitrile or amine and will use dilute, aqueous hydroxide that is cold.
awesome, thanks alot ahha finally found a channel that actually replies. :)
callum macneil I'm all about the replies!
Hi Mr Rintoul, could you kindly explain to me why the nitrogen becomes positive during the nucleophilic substitution with NH3 ? I still don't fully understand.. thank you! :-)
Would you also get HBr from the intermediate stage?
In the last question why have you left it as CH3CH2CH2N+H3 not CH3CH2CH2NH2 ?
I don't understand that final step between NH3 and H
why does it have to be aqueous in the hydroxide ion mechanism?
If it's a two bromo molecule do you do the mechanism twice?
Why is it deficient? There are 4 bonds hence 8 electrons .
When do we use the half curly arrows Mr. Rintoul?
Pattie Boswell Never! And that goes for the A2 as well.
All of the mechanisms that you'll come across in AS and A2 Chemistry revolve around the movement of pairs of electrons, hence the double-headed arrow.
The only time I ever use single-headed arrows is when showing the homolytic fission of Cl2 as a starting point for free-radical substitution.
Awesome :D
what are the reactions conditions and reagents for nucleophilic sub for the formation of an alcohol?
Cold. Dilute and aqueous hydroxide.
Sorry.... but i need to clarify.... i thought that the reagents are NaOH(aq) and heating with reflux?
Hi,
would drawing my mechanisms in pencil in the actual AS exam be wrong as it specifies to use black pen throughout?
Thanks :)
+Jack Devin This is a question that one of my students asked the other day. My honest answer is that I do not know! I would always encourage pencil for diagrams and mechanisms, but that does mean going against the black pen policy. You could always do it in pencil and then go over it in pen. But I know that is just adding on more time. I will get in touch with AQA at some point and ask the question!
+E Rintoul any response from Aqua board about this???
FST NUKEZZ I've not had a chance to contact them as of yet...
+FST NUKEZZ I got in touch with AQA not so long ago with the same question. They gave the exact same answer as E Rintoul about doing your answers in pencil and going over in pen, which I think is rather pointless.
Edexcel, however, have endorsed the use of pencils which I'm glad about as I'm with them for Maths.
Jack Devin Wow. I can't believe that was actually the advice that they gave! I have made a note to contact them...